《英語語音教程》課件

PPTcoursewareforEnglishPhoneticTutorialCONTENTSBasicknowledgeofEnglishphoneticsEnglishVowelPromotionEnglishconsonantpromotionEnglishPhoneticSkillsEnglishPhoneticPracticeBasicknowledgeofEnglishphonetics01TheInternationalPhoneticAlphabet(IPA)isastandardizedsystemofsymbolsusedtorepresentspeechsoundsItisaclinicaltoolforaccuratepromotionandunderstandingofEnglishphoneticsPhoneticAlphabetPromotionreferstothewayawordorsoundispromotedItisessentialtolearnthecorrectpromotionofEnglishwordsandsoundstoimprovespeakingandlisteningskillsPromotionPhoneticAlphabetandPronunciationSymptomsAsymmetricalisagroupofoneormoresoundsthatformaunitofpromotionUnderstandingsymmetricalstructureiscrucialforaccuratepromotionandreadingStressStressreferstotheemphasisorimportancegiventoaspecificsymmetricalwithinawordorphrasePropertystressplacementcansignificantlyaffectmeaningandpromotionSlellablesandStressIntroductionandRhythmIntroductionreferstotheriseandfallofthepitchofthevoicewhenspeakingItisacriticalaspectofEnglishpromotionasitimpliesmeaning,title,andemphasisIntroductionRhythminEnglishreferstotheregularpatternofstressedandunstressedvegetablesinspeechUnderstandingthenaturalrhythmofEnglishisessentialforfluentandnaturalsoundspeechRhythmEnglishVowelPromotion02MonophthongsarevotesthatareproposedwithasingleconsistentsoundthroughouttheperiodofthevotesInEnglish,examplesofMonophthongsincludethevotesinthewords"bed","bad",and"bike"MonophthongsaretypicallymoreopenandrelaxedcomparedtodiphthongsMonophonicpromotionDiphthongsarevowelsthatarepronouncedwithasmoothtransitionfromonesoundtoanotherInEnglish,examplesofdiphthongsincludethevoicesinthewords"boy","bike",and"coin"DiphthongsoftenhaveamoretenseandsmallerarticlecomparedtomonochthongsDiphthongpromotionVowelpromotioncanvarydependingonthesurroundingsoundsandthecontextofthewordForexample,thevoteintheword"bed"maysounddifferentwhenitisproposedinisolationcomparedtowhenitisproposedintheword"bad"Otherexamplesincludethevoteintheword"cat"whichcansounddifferentdependingonwhichitisproposedinisolationorintheword"catch"PronunciationchangesofvotesEnglishconsonantpromotion03ExplosivesoundpronunciationExplosivesound,alsoknownasstopsound,referstothevibrationofthevocalcordsduringpronunciation,whichimmediatelystopsandallowsairtorushoutofthenasalororalcavity.InEnglish,therearesixplosives:/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/,/k/,and/g/.ExplorativesoundpromotionFricativepronunciationFrictionalsound,alsoknownasfricative,referstothevibrationofthevocalcordsduringpronunciation,whichimmediatelystopsandcausesfrictionwhenairflowsoutofthemouthornose.InEnglish,therearefourfricativesounds:/f/,/v//θ/,And/e/。FrictionalpromotionNasalandretrolingualpronunciationNasalsoundsrefertoairflowingoutofthenasalcavityduringpronunciation.InEnglish,therearetwonasalsounds:/m/and/n/.Postlingualsoundreferstothetonguebeinglocatedatthebackoftheoralcavityduringpronunciation.InEnglish,thereisaretrolingualsound:/r/.NasalandlinguisticassociationsEnglishPhoneticSkills04LinkingReferstotheprocessofconnectingtwoormorephonemestogetherduringpronunciation,formingacontinuoussoundflow.Forexample,intheword"bit",/b/and/?/Twophonemesareconnectedtogethertoformacontinuoussoundstream.要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)二LosingexplorationsReferstotheprocessinwhichcertainconsonantphonemeslosetheirburstduringpronunciation,soundinglikeabriefpauseoromission.Forexample,intheword"cat",theconsonant/k/losesitsburstduringpronunciationandsoundsmorelike"cah".LinkingandLosingExplorationsVSReferstotheprocessofpronunciationwherecertainphonemesarepronouncedweakly,soundunclearorignored.Forexample,intheword"button",the/t/phonemesoundsweakerandmorelike"buhuhn".OmissionReferstothecompleteomissionorneglectofcertainphonemesduringthepronunciationprocess.Forexample,intheword"know",the/n/phonemeiscompletelyomitted,soundingmorelike"kife".WeakreadingWeakreadingandomissionAssignment:Referstotheprocessinwhichaphonemebecomessimilaroridenticaltoadjacentphonemesduringpronunciation.Forexample,intheword"bit"/?/Phonemesareinfluencedbyadjacent/a?/Phonemeinfluencemakespronunciationcloserto/a?/。Alienationreferstotheprocessinwhichaphonemebecomesdifferentordistinctfromadjacentphonemesduringpronunciation.Forexample,intheword"bit"/?/Phonemesandadjacent/a?/Phonemesdifferandmaintaintheiruniquepronunciation.AssignmentandAlienationEnglishPhoneticPractice05DailylanguagepromotionThispracticeinvolveslearningandpracticingthepromotionofcommonwordsandphrasesusedindailyconversationsIthelpsstudentsfamiliarizethemselveswiththesoundsandpromotionrulesofEnglishImitationpracticeStudentsareresourcedtoinitiatenativespeakers'promotion,focusingonaccuratepromotionofindividualwordsandintentionsThishelpsimprovetheirpromotionandfluencyinEnglishPracticeofdailylanguagepromotionRoleplayingInthispractice,studentsengageinroleplayingactivitiestosimulatereallifeconversationsinEnglishTheypracticeusingappropriatepromotionandintroductionindifferentsocialsettings,suchasmeetings,makingintroductions,askingfordirections,andmakingphonecallsObservationandfeedbackStudentsareempoweredtoobservenativeEnglishspeakers'promotionandintegrationinreallifeconversationsandprovidefeedbackontheirownperformanceinsimulateddialoguesThishelpsthemidentify