北京市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下冊開學(xué)考英語模擬試題（附答案）

北京市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)考英語模擬試題第一部分：詞匯（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1.請選出與單詞“competence”匹配的釋義。緊張B.能力C.競賽D.自信2.請選出與單詞“quality”匹配的釋義。A.質(zhì)量B.降低C.范圍D.移走3.請選出與單詞“suffer”匹配的釋義。A.沖浪B.遭受C.職位D.員工4.請選出與單詞“desire”匹配的釋義。A.渴望B.決定C.力量D.贏得5.請選出與單詞“relief”匹配的釋義。A.原則B.細(xì)節(jié)C.點(diǎn)擊D.減輕6.請選出與單詞“occasion”匹配的釋義。A.場合B.發(fā)生C.布置D.即刻7.請選出與單詞“obviously”匹配的釋義。A.特殊地B.顯而易見地C.及時(shí)地D.當(dāng)然地8.請選出與單詞“cheat”匹配的釋義。A.實(shí)驗(yàn)B.頌唱C.聊天D.欺騙9.請選出與釋義“恢復(fù)健康”匹配的單詞。A.recoverB.reduceC.reviseD.relieve10.請選出與釋義“預(yù)防”匹配的單詞。A.prohibitB.previousC.principleD.prevent11.請選出與釋義“獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆逼ヅ涞膯卧~。A.medalB.mediaC.memoryD.moment12.請選出與釋義“力量”匹配的單詞。A.positionB.powerC.plusD.particular13.請選出與釋義“距離”匹配的單詞。A.defeatB.defenceC.distanceD.disease14.請選出與釋義“專注”匹配的單詞。A.contributionB.contactC.companyD.concentrate15.請選出與釋義“即刻，馬上”匹配的單詞。A.immediatelyB.independentlyC.absolutelyD.regularly16.請選出與釋義“賬號(hào)”匹配的單詞。A.accountB.addictC.amountD.announcement17.請選出與釋義“toagreethatsomethingistrue”匹配的單詞。A.adaptB.admitC.aheadD.annual18.請選出與釋義“tomakesurethatsomethinghappens”匹配的單詞。A.briefB.ensureC.creativeD.attach19.請選出與釋義“athingthatyoudotohelppeople”匹配的單詞。A.favourB.featureC.frankD.formal20.請選出與釋義“tomakesomethingcontinueatthesamelevel”匹配的單詞。A.momentB.maintainC.muddyD.merry第二部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小2分，共20分）Afewweeksago,Ireceivedapackagecontainingseedsfrommyfriend.WhenIaskedherwhattheywould21into,asmilecrossedherface.“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself22!”shesaid.Isowedtheseedsinaflowerpot.Inthefirstfewdays,Iwasveryexcitedtosearchfortheslightestsigns,but23happened.Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibegantofeelsadand24.HowmuchIlongedforthecolorinmyfast-pacedlife.Iwateredtheplantsindryperiods.Ontheeighthday,tomygreat25,afewlightgreensprouts（新芽）appeared.Bendingdownandstudyingtheplants,Icouldalmosthearthemgrowing.Moredayspassed,andtheflowerpotsoonbecame26withcoriander（香菜）plants.

Nowtheyaretallerthantheedgeofthepot,constantlyshakingtheirleavesinthegentlewind,asiftheyweremerrilysingingasongof27.Iamcertainthatafterafewmoredays,myplantswillbereadyfor28.Theseplantshaveplayedanimportantpartin29upmyeverydaylife.Theymaynotbeamaindishonourtable,butusingsomewillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious.Letusallslowourpacedownandbepatient.Solongaswetakestepstosetourheartsfree,timeandpatiencewill30uswiththepurepleasureofbeingaliveinthislovelyworld.21.A.grow B.run C.look D.break22.A.immediately B.finally C.quickly D.regularly23.A.anything B.everythingC.something D.nothing24.A.shocked B.disappointedC.embarrassedD.scared25.A.surpriseB.pityC.shameD.anxiety26.A.packed B.linedC.crowded D.piled27.A.courage B.freedomC.interestD.relief28.A.harvest B.lossC.sights D.rest29.A.picking B.ending C.brightening D.taking30.A.impress B.assist C.surroundD.reward第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題2分，共20分）AKnownasthe“EasternMoscow”，Harbinhasalwaysbeenregardedas31uniqueandexoticcity，whichishostingits30thInternationalIceandSnowFestival.Thecity32(offer)specialwinterexperienceslikenowhereelseinChina:aniceandsnowworld,snowsculpturepark,icelanternfair,33dogsledding.Dozensofsnowsculpturesareattractinghundredsofthousandsof34(visit)toHarbin.BWongKar-wai’sBlossomsShanghaiTVshowhasbeenairingsinceDecember27，2023.The30-episodeperioddrama,35hasbeensixyearsinthemaking，isadaptedfroma2012novelofthesamenamebyJinYucheng,whichwonthe36(nine)MaoDunLiteraturePrizein2015and37(write)inShanghainese. CThe"SubjectThree”dance38(originate)fromlivelyweddingcelebrationsinsouthernChina’sGuangxiZhuangautonomousregion.Thetraditionevolvedintoa39(culture)phenomenon,suggestingthatinaGuangxinative’slife,therearethreeessential40(experience),or‘subjects’:singingfolksongs,slurpingricenoodles,anddancing.第三部分：閱讀理解（共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分）AIfyoudon’tknowwhattowatchinthecomingholiday,herearethetopmoviesearchenginesontheweb.Somerequirelittleornoinputbeforetheygiveyoutitles,whileotherswanttofindoutexactlywhatyourinterestsare.RottenTomatoes

InsteadoftellingRottenTomatoeswhichfilmsyoulike,youcantellitwhatkindoffilmsyouenjoy,whichactorsyouwanttosee,andotheraspectstohelpitfindthebestmovieforyou.ThequalityofRottenTomatoesrecommendationsischangeablebutit’salsoanicewaytofindtherightfilmforanymood.IMDbIMDbautomaticallyrecommendssimilarfilmstothemovieyousearchforinsteadofaskingyoutoinputratings(評分)ortotellitwhatmoviesyoulike.Atthebottomofthepage,a“Recommendations”sectionwillshowyouavarietyofotherfilmsbeingdisplayed,basedoninformationgatheredfromitsdatabase,whichexaminesfilmstofindsimilaritiesanddifferences.Jinni

Whetheryouwanttosearchforfilmsbasedonyourmood,timeavailable,orreviews,thesitehasitall.ButJinni’smostamazingfeatureisitssemanticsearch.Youcanenterwordslike“filmsthatshowChrisFarleyyelling”andthesitewillreturnfilmsthatmatchyourquestion.GotouseJinni.Youwon’tregretit!Criticker

Insteadofjustallowingyoutoratefilms,Critickercomparesyourratingstothoseofotherusersandseehowcloselyyourtastesmatchthoseofotherusers.Oncetheservicefindsmatches,youcanviewtheseusers’listsandseewhichmoviestheylike.Combiningcommunityandfunctionality,Critickerisaunique,yetworthwhileservicetocheckout.41．Youcansearchforamoviebasedonyourmoodon________.A．RottenTomatoesandJinni B．IMDbandCritickerC．RottenTomatoesandIMDb D．JinniandCriticker42．IMDbisespeciallysuitableforpeoplewho________.A．a(chǎn)retoobusytowatchfilmsB．clearlyknowtheirfavoritefilmsC．don’twanttospendtimeratingfilmsD．likesharingtheircommentsonfilms43．WhatmakesCritickerspecial?A．Commentingonothers’filmlists.B．Ratingyourfavouritefilms.C．Offeringdifferentstandards. D．Comparingusers’ratings.44．Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A．Torecommendthebestonlinefilms.B．Toshowhowtousemoviesearchengines.C．Tointroduceseveralmoviesearchengines.D．Toexplainhowtofindthebestonlinefilms.BAHouseplantIsHelpingMeSurviveMywifeHannahandIusuallydon’tkeephouseplants.Anythinginpotsgetseitheroverwateredorunderwatered.Aftermydiagnosis(診斷)withbraincancer,Ilovedtheideaofhavingsomethingnewandgreenandalivearoundus.WhenmyfriendMitchgavemewhathesaidwasaluckybambooplant,weplaceditinthelivingroomwindowwhereIspentmuchofeachday.ItoldHannahIwantedtolookaftertheplantmyself.Whenitdidn’timmediatelyturnyelloworbrownorloseallofitsleaves,Iwaspleasantlysurprised.Asadoctor,Iwasusedtobeingtheonewhoprovidedcare,nottheonewhoreceivedit.Sincemydiagnosis,itseemed,Ihadtorelyonhelpfromotherpeople.TakingcareoftheplantgavemethefeelingofbeinghappyandsatisfiedwhenIfeltuseless.Wateringtheplant,assmallanactasitwas,connectedmetosacentralpartofmyoldidentityandtaughtmeIcouldstillbeacaregiver.Overthenextfewmonths,Irecoveredfromsurgery(手術(shù)).EvenafterIreturnedtowork,Icontinuedtocarefortheplant.Soon,ithadnearlydoubledinheightanditsleaveswereshiny.BoththetreeandIbecamehealthier.Then,withoutanyreason,itbegantoshowsignsofstress.Itsleaveskeptbrowninganddroppingtothefloor.“Ican’tevencareforasimpleplant!”Iyelled.“Ifmyluckybamboodies,Imightdietoo!”Icouldn’tshakethefeelingthattheplanthadbecomeasymbol(象征)ofmyhealth.Nowthattheplantwasstruggling,Igrewincreasinglydepressedandfearful.However,recallingwhatI’dexperienced,IlearntthatIhadwronglyconnectedmycarefortheplant—somethingoverwhichIhadatleastsomecontrol—withmyownsurvival—somethingoverwhichIhadnocontrol.AsIrealizedthefact,myanxietywasactuallyeased.Isearchedonlinetofigureouthowtotakecareofmyplant.Whenitwasbackinthesunnywindow,webothbecamehealthieragain.Now,wheneverIlookattheplant,IwouldthinkofMitchandtheotherpeoplewhohavecaredforandsupportedme.45．Theauthordecidedtokeepthebamboobecause________.A．helovedtokeephouseplantsB．hebelievedithelpedtocleantheairC．hethoughtitwasagoodwaytogetrelaxedD．hewantedtobesurroundedbysomethingcheerful46．Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutlookingafterthebambooatfirst?A．Itmadehimfeelhopeless.B．Itputanendtohissuffering.C．Itgavehimasenseofachievement.D．Itremindedhimofhispoorhealthcondition.47．Whydidtheauthorbecomefearfulwhenthebambooshowedsignsofstress?A．Becausehecouldn’tbearfailures.B．Becausehedidn’tknowwhyitwasdyingC．Becausehedidn’twanttodisappointMitch.D．Becauseherelatedhisownhealthtotheplant’s.48．Howdidtheauthorfinallyrelievehistension?A．BybelievinginhisrecoveryintheendB．Byacceptingthingsbeyondhiscontrol.C．Bythinkingofthosewhosupportedhim.D．Bysearchingforplantknowledgeonline.CHibernation（冬眠）isnotjustsleep.Whilewesleep,ourbrainsfireupandbecomehighlyactive;inhibernation,onthecontrary,brainactivitycompletelyslowsdown.Thebodytemperatureofhibernatinganimalsalsodrops,insomecasesclosetothefreezingpoint.Cells(細(xì)胞)stopdividingandheartratedecreasestotwobeatsperminute.Yet,onceit’stimetowakeup,hibernatinganimalscomebacktolifewithoutanysignificantsideeffectslikefreezing,muscleloss,orlossofbonedensityduringthelongwintermonths.Thesame,however,can’tbesaidaboutpeoplewhowakeupfromlong-termmedicalcomas(昏迷),oreventhosewhohavetostayinbedforlongperiodsoftime.Suchpeople,justlikeastronautsinmicrogravity,wouldsufferfromawiderangeofsideeffectsthatcomefromnotactivelyusingtheirbodies.Scientistsarethereforelookingintohibernationresearchwiththeaimofdevelopingwaystocausehibernationinfutureceastronauts.Recently,KellyDrew,aprofessorofchemistryandbiochemistry,hasbeenrewardedforhisresearch.TheideaisthatratherthanhavingastronautssitformonthsinatinyMars-boundcapsule,consumingfood,waterandair,andgraduallywastingawayfromnotdoingmuchinmicrogravity,apartofthecrewmemberscouldbeplacedintohibernation.Thehibernatingastronautswouldn’tneedanyfoodorwaterandcouldmanagewithmuchlessair—yettheywouldwakeupwiththeirbonesandmusclesinamuchbetterconditionthanthoseoftheirawakecounterparts.“Thisresearchcouldbeusedtohelpfuturemissions,fromtheextremeofmedicallycausedhibernationforlongtermcemissions,protectingastronautsfromcabinfever,radiation,andmuchmore,”hesaid.“Itcouldalsoproveeffectiveinpreventingmuscleandbonelossinzerogravity.”Thestateofhibernationcouldalsohelpinthemedicalsettingtohelpprotectpatientssufferingfromlife-threateningconditionssuchasheartattacksandstrokes.“Thiscouldmeanthatpatientswhohavesufferedfromastrokeorheartattackcouldbeplacedinmedicallycausedhibernationuntiltheycanbetransportedtoahospitaltoreceivecare,whichcouldsignificantlyimprovemedicaloutcomes,”thescientistsaid.49．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph1?A．Theworkingprinciplesofhibernation. B．Theuniquefeaturesofhibernation.C．Themajorreasonsforhibernation. D．Thesideeffectsofhibernation.50．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterparts”inParagraph3referto?A．Bonesandmuscles.B．Brains. C．Astronauts. D．Patients.51．Whatwillscientistsprobablydointhefutureresearch?A．Studyhibernatinganimalsincemissions. B．Findwaystoputpeopleintohibernation.C．Improvemedicaltreatmentsforpatients. D．Seekcuresforlife-threateningdiseases.DWillchatbotsthatcangeneratefascinatingarticlesdestroyeducationasweknowit?NewYorkCity’sDepartmentofEducationrecentlybanned(禁止)theuseofChatGPT.“Whilethetoolmaybeabletoprovidequickandeasyanswerstoquestions,”saystheofficialstatement,“itdoesnotbuildcritical-thinkingskills,whicharenecessaryforacademicandlifelongsuccess.”Banningsuchuseoftechnologyfromtheclassroomisanearsightedresponse.Instead,wemustfindawayforwardinwhichsuchtechnologiescombinewellwith,ratherthanreplace,studentthinking.BanningChatGPTisimpossibleinpractice.Studentswillfindwaysaroundtheban,whichwillcauseafurtherdefensiveresponsefromteachersandadministrators,andsoon.It’shardtobelievethatacloseracebetweenthosedigitalnativesandtheireducatorswillendinadecisivevictoryforthelatter.Infact,chatbotsmaywellspeedupatrend(趨向)towardvaluingcriticalthinking.Inaworldwherecomputerscanfluentlyansweranyquestion,studentsneedtogetmuchbetteratdecidingwhatquestionstoaskandhowtofact-checktheanswerstheprogramgenerates.Sohowdoweencourageyoungpeopletousetheirmindswhenrealthinkingissohardtotellapartfromitssimulacrum(假象)?Teachers,ofcourse,willstillwanttowatchstudentstakingold-fashioned,in-person,no-chatbot-allowedexamstocheckthattheydonotcheat.Butwemustalsofigureouthowtodosomethingnew:howtousetoolslikeGPTtoinspiredeeperthinking.GPToftengeneratestextthatisfluentand“reasonable”—butwrong.Sousingitrequiresthesamementalheavyliftingthatwritingdoes:forminganopinion,creatinganoutline,pickingwhichpointstoexplainandwhichtodrop,andlookingforsup