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題型三閱讀理解從近幾年的廣東中考考題來看,閱讀理解題包括A、B、C三篇短文。A篇是應(yīng)用文,一般以表格、圖表或配有圖片的短文等形式出現(xiàn)。一般都可以直接從文中找出答案。該題型主要考查短文的細節(jié)信息,間或有短文出處、寫作對象及目的的考查。B篇是考查學生能力的短文,一般為說明性的短文(科普文)。除考查對文章的整體把握和關(guān)鍵信息的提取之外,還考查詞義猜測、推理判斷以及文章主旨大意歸納的能力。C篇為配對閱讀題,命題者給考生提供若干段簡短的信息,讓學生把相應(yīng)的信息進行配對,屬于細節(jié)考查題,難度不大,要盡量不失分。年份篇序話題主題考點2023ADIY紙扇人與自我(勤于動手,樂于實踐)51細節(jié)理解題52細節(jié)理解題53細節(jié)理解題54細節(jié)理解題55寫作意圖題B動物的方向感人與自然(在探索動物的過程中認識動物、保護動物)56文章出處題57細節(jié)理解題58詞義猜測題(英文猜英文)59推理判斷題60最佳標題題C青少年與父母的分歧與建議人與社會(良好的人際關(guān)系與人際交往,培養(yǎng)合理金錢觀)61~65細節(jié)匹配題2022A一則關(guān)于智能家庭秀的廣告人與社會(科普知識與現(xiàn)代技術(shù))51細節(jié)理解題52圖文理解題53細節(jié)理解題54細節(jié)理解題55細節(jié)理解題B世界著名的登山運動員杰瑞的故事人與社會(挑戰(zhàn)自我,幫助社會)56段落大意題57詞義猜測題(英文猜英文)58細節(jié)理解題59推理判斷題60最佳標題題C短信與回復人與社會(良好的人際溝通)61~65細節(jié)匹配題2021A摘草莓的注意事項人與社會51細節(jié)理解題52細節(jié)理解題53細節(jié)理解題54細節(jié)理解題55推理判斷題B學生Laura發(fā)起Feed&Find項目,既幫助解決糧食浪費問題,也幫助了有需要的人人與社會(良好人際交往,和諧社區(qū)生活)56推理判斷題57細節(jié)理解題58細節(jié)理解題59詞義猜測題(英文猜英文)60最佳標題題C英語習語與語境人與自我(激發(fā)學習興趣,掌握英語學習方法)61~65細節(jié)匹配題A(2023·廣東)Whenit’shotoutsideandwehavetogoout,surelywewanttokeepcool.Wecanputonhats,wearlightclothing,orstayatacoolplace.However,nothingcanbeatagoodfan.NowI’llshowyouhowtomakeagoodDIY(DoItYourself)paperfan.WhattopreparePleasepreparetwopiecesofpaper.Allpaperwillwork,butyourDIYfancanbeusedforalongtimewithquality(優(yōu)質(zhì)的)paper.Thengetglue,twosticks,etc.HowtomakeaDIYfanThefirststepistodrawpicturesonthepaper.Justdrawanythingyoulike.Thenextstepistofoldup(折疊)thepaper.Thengluethetwopiecesoffoldedpapertogether.Afterthat,paintthesticks.Thefinalstepistogluethesticksontothefoldedpaper.Andeverythingisdone.Ifyoulookatyourwatch,youwillbesurprised:ittakeslessthan15minutestomakeagoodpaperfan.Thenyoucanfolditupanddropitinyourbag.Whenyouareoutintheheatnexttime,justtakeitoutandenjoythegentlewind.eq\x(語篇解讀:本文介紹了紙扇可以保持涼爽以及制作紙扇的步驟。)51.Whichisthebestwaytokeepcoolaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Puttingonhats. B.Usingagoodfan.C.Wearinglightclothing. D.Stayingatacoolplace.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wecanputonhats,wearlightclothing,orstayatacoolplace.However,nothingcanbeatagoodfan.”可知,天熱想保持涼爽的最佳方式就是使用一把好扇子。故選B。52.Whyisqualitypaperagoodchoicetomakeafan?A.Itislight. B.Itiscolorful.C.Itlastslong. D.Itlooksbeautiful.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whattoprepare中“Allpaperwillwork,butyourDIYfancanbeusedforalongtimewithquality(優(yōu)質(zhì)的)paper.”可知,使用優(yōu)質(zhì)紙張是因為可以讓紙扇長時間使用。故選C。53.Whatisthesecondstepofmakingapaperfan?A.Paintingthesticks. B.Drawingpicturesonthepaper.C.Foldingupthepaper. D.Gluingthesticksontothefoldedpaper.答案C解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtomakeaDIYfan中“Thenextstepistofoldup(折疊)thepaper.”可知,第二個步驟是把紙折疊起來。故選C。54.Fromthelastparagraph,wecantellthatmakingapaperfanis.A.quickB.difficultC.boringD.strange答案A解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifyoulookatyourwatch,youwillbesurprised:ittakeslessthan15minutestomakeagoodpaperfan.”可知,制作紙扇是非??斓?。故選A。55.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tosellpaperfans. B.Toshowhowtosavetime.C.Toshareafunstory. D.Toteachhowtomakepaperfans.答案D解析寫作意圖題。本文介紹了紙扇可以保持涼爽以及制作紙扇的步驟,即寫作目的是教我們?nèi)绾沃谱骷埳?。故選D。BSomeanimalscaneasilyfindtheirwayhomeafteralongjourney.Howdotheymakeit?Scientificresearchshowsthattheyarebornwithcertainunusualabilitiesfordirection.Acertainkindofants,forexample,cancounttheirstepstoavoidgettinglost.Theycangoasfaras110metresandbringfoodhome.Theseantsliveintheopendesert(沙漠),sotheyhavenothingtoguidethemalongtheway.It’slikesomeonewalkingsixkilometresthroughadarkforest.Somefishhaveanunbelievablesenseofsmell.Theycansmellevenasingledropoftheirhomewaterinalargeseaarea.Someseabirdshaveasimilarability.Theyareabletomakeasmellmapoftheirflyingarea.Someanimalscansensetheearth’smagneticfield(磁場),whilehumanscan’t.Thismagneticfieldguidesacertainkindoffishwhentheyswimalongwaytoaplaceandthenback.Howcanthiskindoffishdothat?Itisstillamystery.Scientistshavenogoodanswersyet.However,animalswithsuchunusualabilitiesstillhavedifficultydealingwithenvironmentalchangescausedbyhumanactivities.Forexample,manybirdsdependonstarsfordirection,buttheygetlosteasilyatnightwhencitylightsarekeptonallnight.Tosolvethisproblem,wecansimplyturnoffsomelightsatnight.Clearly,onesmallactofhumansmaymeanalottoanimals.eq\x(語篇解讀:本文介紹了一些動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感。)56.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?A.Astorybook. B.Anartmagazine.C.Aguidebook. D.Asciencemagazine.答案D解析文章出處題。本文是圍繞“動物的方向感”展開,可能會在科學雜志上看到。故選D。57.Howcanacertainkindofantsfindtheirway?A.Byimaginingtheway. B.Bycountingtheirsteps.C.Bybringingfoodtogether. D.Bywalkingthroughaforest.答案B解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Acertainkindofants,forexample,cancounttheirstepstoavoidgettinglost.”可知,一些螞蟻可以通過數(shù)步數(shù)來避免迷路。故選B。58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mystery”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Secret.B.Choice.C.Reason.D.Feeling.答案A解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Itisstillamystery.Scientistshavenogoodanswersyet.”可知,科學家還沒有答案,因此可推知畫線單詞“mystery”與A選項“秘密”意思相近。故選A。59.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tohelpanimals. B.Totravelatnight.C.Tokeepcitylightson. D.Todevelopunusualabilities.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句可知,本段說明人類的一個小舉動可能對動物意義重大,因此是建議人們要幫助動物。故選A。60.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Birds’SenseofLight B.Fish’sSenseofSmellC.Animals’SenseofDirection D.Animals’SenseofMagneticField答案C解析最佳標題題。本文介紹了有些動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感,因此“動物的方向感”為最佳標題。故選C。C配對閱讀。左欄是五名學生的困惑,右欄是七則建議,請將每個學生的困惑和對應(yīng)的建議進行匹配。61.Mymumdidn’tagreetobuyanothermodelracingcarforme.Shesaiditwouldbeawasteofmoney.Iamangrywithher.()62.Iwantapairofbasketballshoesformytraining.ButIdon’twanttoaskmyparentsformoney.()63.Igetasmuchpocketmoneyasmysistereachmonth.Butmymoneyrunsoutmuchmorequicklythanhers.()64.IthinkIcanspendallmyluckymoney.Butmyfatherdoesn’tallowmeto.()65.Mymumwantsmetodotheweeklyshoppingforourfamily.ButIdon’tknowhowtospendmoneywisely.()A.Youcanmakeashoppinglistfirst.Andyoumaygotodifferentsupermarketstocomparepricesbeforeyoumakeadecision.B.Youshouldunderstandyourmum.Amodelcarisnotamust.Parentsknowmoreaboutthevalueofmoneyastheyworkhardtosupportthefamily.C.Writedownyourdailyspendingofthepocketmoneyinanotebook.Thismayhelpyouavoidunnecessaryspending.D.Youcanlearnnumbersfirst.Forexample,youcancountcoinsandbanknoteswithyourparents.E.Maybeyoucanhaveayardsaletogetmoneyforyourshoes.Theremustbethingsyoudon’tneedanymorelikeoldtoysormagazines.F.Iagreewithyourfather.Youcankeeppartofyourluckymoneyinabankinsteadofusingitup.Thiscanhelpyousavemoneyforthefuture.G.Youcaninvitesomeoneworkinginabanktoyourclubtogiveatalk.Inthisway,youcanknowmoreabouthowbankswork.eq\x(語篇解讀:本文左欄是五位學生的困惑,右欄是七則建議。)61.答案B解析根據(jù)第一位同學的困惑可知,這位同學因為媽媽不同意買另外一輛賽車模型而感到生氣,B選項“你應(yīng)該理解你媽媽。模型車不是必需品。由于父母努力工作養(yǎng)家,所以他們更了解錢的價值?!狈项}意,故選B。62.答案E解析根據(jù)這位同學的困惑可知,這位同學想買一雙訓練穿的籃球鞋,但又不想向父母要錢,E選項“也許你可以舉辦一場庭院拍賣來賺錢買鞋。你一定有不再需要的東西,比如舊玩具或雜志。”符合題意,故選E。63.答案C解析根據(jù)這位同學的困惑可知,他的零花錢比妹妹的花得快,C選項“把你每天花費的零花錢記在筆記本上。這可以幫助你避免不必要的支出?!狈项}意,故選C。64.答案F解析根據(jù)這位同學的困惑可知,這位同學想花完所有的壓歲錢,但是爸爸不同意,F(xiàn)選項“我同意你父親的看法。你可以把一部分壓歲錢存入銀行,而不是用完。這可以幫助你為未來省錢?!狈项}意,故選F。65.答案A解析根據(jù)這位同學的困惑可知,媽媽要求他去做家庭采購,但他不知道如何明智地花錢,A選項“你可以先列一個購物清單。在你做決定之前,你可以去不同的超市比較價格?!狈项}意,故選A。類型一閱讀A、B題型一細節(jié)理解題一、命題形式細節(jié)理解題主要考查學生對閱讀材料中某一特定細節(jié)或文章的主要事實的理解能力。廣東中考閱讀理解中細節(jié)理解題主要有以下考查方向:1.5W+1H細節(jié)題5W+1H細節(jié)題主要考查學生對文章中發(fā)生什么事、事件的主要人物、事件發(fā)生的時間、原因、過程、結(jié)果的理解。此類題目題干中的關(guān)鍵詞是解題的關(guān)鍵,學生需將題干中的關(guān)鍵詞代入原文中進行比對,得出正確答案。2.EXCEPT/TRUE題根據(jù)廣東中考真題可知,EXCEPT題出現(xiàn)在2019、2018年的閱讀A篇中,TRUE題出現(xiàn)在2018年的閱讀B篇中。此類題目主要是對某個點的全面考查或是對全文細節(jié)的考查,學生需對全文的細節(jié)有全面的了解和把握,用排除法得出正確答案。常見的設(shè)問方式:①Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingsare...EXCEPT.②WhichofthefollowingisTRUE/FALSE?3.數(shù)字計算題根據(jù)廣東中考真題可知,數(shù)字計算題多以howmany進行設(shè)問,考查某個關(guān)鍵點下包含多少個小點,學生需弄懂文章中各要點間的邏輯關(guān)系;或是考查年份、月份或金錢的計算,文章中經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)多個數(shù)字,學生需對它們進行比對、分析、計算得出正確答案。常見的設(shè)問方式:①Howmany...doesthewritermentioninparagraph...?②Sbandsb.willpay...fortheticket.二、解題方法方法1排除干擾項法細節(jié)理解題中,部分題目的干擾選項往往是正確細節(jié)與非正確細節(jié)的混雜,考生需將選項與原文進行比對,排除干擾選項,得出正確答案。真題體驗1(2022·閱讀A節(jié)選)NowyourkidscantrythesedevicesatthesmarthomeshowinourcommunitysciencecenterfromAugust1sttoAugust14th...OpeningHours:1:00p.m.-9:00p.m.fromTuesdaytoSunday;closedonMonday.53.Whencanavisitorenterthesciencecenter?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnMondayafternoon. D.OnSundayafternoon.答案D解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OpeningHours部分“1:00p.m.-9:00p.mfromTuesdaytoSunday;closedonMonday.”可知,游客周日下午可以參觀科學中心。故選D。方法2同義轉(zhuǎn)換法細節(jié)理解題中還有一部分題目的題干關(guān)鍵詞與選項關(guān)鍵信息是對原文進行了同義轉(zhuǎn)換,同義轉(zhuǎn)換的部分可能是一個詞或短語,也可能是一個句子或相關(guān)的若干句子,此時需要對比選項與原文的意思是否一致。真題體驗2(2021·閱讀A節(jié)選)Forsafety,youmustuseournewbasketsonly.Abasketalonecosts5yuan.Itholdsabout2kgofstrawberriesandabasketofstrawberriesispricedat50yuanintotal.52.Thefarmprovidesnewbaskets.A.tocutdownthecost B.toprotecttheenvironmentC.tokeepcustomerssafe D.tocarrymorestrawberries答案C解析根據(jù)“Forsafety,youmustuseournewbasketsonly.”可知,safe與safety為同義詞,故選C。方法3細節(jié)推敲法這類題目不能直接從原文中找到對應(yīng)的詞或短語,學生需根據(jù)文章的隱含意義,如原因、前提或結(jié)果等對文章細節(jié)進行推敲,得出正確答案。真題體驗3(2023·閱讀A節(jié)選)Ifyoulookatyourwatch,youwillbesurprised:ittakeslessthan15minutestomakeagoodpaperfan.Thenyoucanfolditupanddropitinyourbag.Whenyouareoutintheheatnexttime,justtakeitoutandenjoythegentlewind.54.Fromthelastparagraph,wecantellthatmakingapaperfanis.A.quick B.difficultC.boring D.strange答案A解析根據(jù)“Ifyoulookatyourwatch,youwillbesurprised:ittakeslessthan15minutestomakeagoodpaperfan.”可推知,制作紙扇是非常快的。故選A。真題體驗4(2021·閱讀B節(jié)選)Prettycool,right?It’snotsurprisingthatpeopleinothercitieshavegotintouchwithLaura,hopingthatshecouldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities.58.PeopleinothercitieswouldlikeLaurato.A.findatruckdriver B.visittheircommunitiesC.giveawayfoodtothem D.helpdevelopprojectslikehers答案D解析由“hopingthatshecouldhelpdevelopsimilarprojectsfortheircommunities”可知,人們希望Laura能幫助他們發(fā)展一樣的項目。故選D。題型二推理判斷題一、命題形式推理判斷題要求學生根據(jù)閱讀材料中所提供的信息,推斷出未知的信息。此類題目不能直接從文中找到答案,學生需根據(jù)文章的細節(jié)或文章所表達的觀點進行推斷,不可憑個人臆斷進行選擇。二、解題方法1.隱含推斷題此類題目主要立足于文章的細節(jié),學生需要從細節(jié)中找到線索,總結(jié)推理出正確答案。真題體驗5(2023·閱讀B節(jié)選)However,animalswithsuchunusualabilitiesstillhavedifficultydealingwithenvironmentalchangescausedbyhumanactivities.Forexample,manybirdsdependonstarsfordirection,buttheygetlosteasilyatnightwhencitylightsarekeptonallnight.Tosolvethisproblem,wecansimplyturnoffsomelightsatnight.Clearly,onesmallactofhumansmaymeanalottoanimals.59.Whatarepeopleadvisedtodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Tohelpanimals. B.Totravelatnight.C.Tokeepcitylightson. D.Todevelopunusualabilities.答案A解析根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知,文章建議人們通過環(huán)保行動來幫助和保護動物。故選A。真題體驗6(2022·閱讀B節(jié)選)ForJerry,thiskindofadventureismostsatisfying.“Suchadventureshavemadeusseelifeinadifferentway.Now,beingthebestclimberisn’timportantforme.Whatmattersisdoingsomethinghelpfulwhileclimbingthemountains.Thereisstillmuchmorewecando,”Jerrysaidtoanewspaper.59.Jerry’sandhisfriends’adventureshavechanged.A.theirhobbies B.theirfriendshipC.theirunderstandingoflife D.theirlivingconditions答案C解析根據(jù)句中“Suchadventureshavemadeusseelifeinadifferentway.”可知,Jerry和朋友們的探險改變了他們對生命的理解。故選C。2.文章出處題此類題目可以根據(jù)文章的用詞和體裁來推斷文章的出處,也可以根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容的主題意義來確定文章的出處。常見的題干設(shè)題形式如下:Thepassageismostprobablyfrom.Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?Wherecanyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?Inwhichpartofthenewspaperwillyoufindthepassage?真題體驗7(2023·閱讀B節(jié)選)Someanimalscaneasilyfindtheirwayhomeafteralongjourney.Howdotheymakeit?Scientificresearchshowsthattheyarebornwithcertainunusualabilitiesfordirection.56.Whereisthispassagemostprobablyfrom?A.Astorybook. B.Anartmagazine.C.Aguidebook. D.Asciencemagazine.答案D解析本文是圍繞“動物的方向感”展開,可能會在科學雜志上看到。故選D。3.讀者對象題此類題目要先了解文章主旨大意,抓住文章中能提示讀者對象的詞或句進行判斷。真題體驗8(2019·閱讀A節(jié)選)Bullying(欺凌)canhappentoanyone.Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear,buttherearethingsthatcanbedonetohelp...Whatcanyoudo?Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultthatyouknowandlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.60.Thispassageismainlywrittenfor.A.teachers B.parentsC.children D.thepolice答案C解析通讀全文尤其是Whatcanyoudo?部分的內(nèi)容可推知,本文主要是寫給孩子的。故選C。4.寫作意圖/目的題判斷文章的目的,可以從文章的主題句入手,先了解文章大意,再對作者寫這篇文章的目的進行推斷。常見的題干設(shè)題形式如下:Whatisthemainpurpose/ideaofthepassage?What’sthepurposeofthepassage?What’sthewritingpurposeofthe...paragraph?真題體驗9(2023·閱讀A節(jié)選)Whenit’shotoutsideandwehavetogoout,surelywewanttokeepcool.Wecanputonhats,wearlightclothing,orstayatacoolplace.However,nothingcanbeatagoodfan.NowI’llshowyouhowtomakeagoodDIY(DoItYourself)paperfan.Whattoprepare...HowtomakeaDIYfan...55.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Tosellpaperfans. B.Toshowhowtosavetime.C.Toshareafunstory. D.Toteachhowtomakepaperfans.答案D解析本文介紹了紙扇可以保持涼爽以及制作紙扇的步驟,即寫作目的是教我們?nèi)绾沃谱骷埳?。故選D。真題體驗10(2019·閱讀B節(jié)選)Inourdailylife,robotsareoftenfoundtodoworkthatistoodangerous,boring,difficult,ordirty.Andweoftenseekidsplaywithtoyrobots.Butwhatexactlyisarobot?Therearesomeimportantcharacteristics(特征)thatarobotmusthave.Thesecharacteristicsmighthelpyoutodecidewhatisandwhatisnotarobot.65.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tohelppeopleunderstandwhatarobotis.B.Totellwhatarobotcandoinourlife.C.Todescribethemovementofarobot.D.Tointroducethehistoryofrobots.答案A解析根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知,本文主要給我們介紹了什么是機器人。故選A。5.觀點態(tài)度題推斷作者對某人某事的看法或者作者本人所持的觀點,作者的觀點和態(tài)度通常在首段或尾段表現(xiàn)得最為明顯。真題體驗11(2021·閱讀B節(jié)選)Accordingtoaresearch,morethan130billionpoundsofuneatenfoodgotowasteinLaura’scountyeachyear.Thatisabout30%oftheyearlyfoodsupply(供應(yīng)).Itisasadfact,especiallywhenyouconsiderhowmanyfamiliesandhomelesspeopleareinhunger.56.Thenumbersinparagraph1tellus.A.somepeoplearepoor B.foodwasteisseriousC.thepopulationislarge D.theresearchisinteresting答案B解析根據(jù)文中的數(shù)據(jù)可推知,作者旨在告訴我們食物浪費很嚴重。故選B。題型三詞義猜測題一、命題形式詞義猜測題考查學生對一定的詞匯在特定的語言環(huán)境中的意義的理解,要求學生對文中個別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞做出解釋。解答這類題目,學生需要利用上下文的關(guān)鍵信息點來確定其確切含義。常見的設(shè)問方式如下:Whatdoestheunderlinedword“...”inbablymean?Whatdoestheword“...”inparagraph...meaninChinese?Theunderlinedword“...”inthispassagemeansinChinese.TheChinesemeaningof“...”is.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“...”inthepassage?Theunderlinedword“it/they/them”inparagraph...isabout.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph...referto?二、解題方法1.語境推斷法大部分的詞義猜測題都可以通過上下文語境推斷出答案,學生可以根據(jù)上下文之間的并列關(guān)系、已知信息與生詞的同義關(guān)系、反義關(guān)系等邏輯關(guān)系推斷出生詞的意思。真題體驗12(2023·閱讀B節(jié)選)Someanimalscansensetheearth’smagneticfield(磁場),whilehumanscan’t.Thismagneticfieldguidesacertainkindoffishwhentheyswimalongwaytoaplaceandthenback.Howcanthiskindoffishdothat?Itisstillamystery.Scientistshavenogoodanswersyet.58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mystery”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Secret. B.Choice.C.Reason. D.Feeling.答案A解析根據(jù)“Itisstillamystery.Scientistshavenogoodanswersyet.”可知,科學家還沒有答案,因此可推知畫線部分“mystery”與A選項“秘密”意思相近。故選A。真題體驗13(2022·閱讀B節(jié)選)AlthoughJerryhadachievedgreatsuccess,hedidn’tfeelfulfilled.Heaskedhimself,“Isitenoughtoclimbthehighestmountains?AmIdoingsomethinghelpful?HowcanIturnmyadventuresintosomethingthatcanhelptheworld?”57.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fulfilled”inparagraph2mean?A.Satisfied. B.Lonely.C.Patient. D.Worried.答案A解析根據(jù)第二段第一句“AlthoughJerryhadachievedgreatsuccess”可知,此處表讓步關(guān)系,后句應(yīng)是他沒有感到滿足。因此“fulfilled”在此處的意思是滿足的,和satisfied意思相近。故選A。2.定義法此類題目中,用文中的一個句子或段落給生詞定義;用破折號、冒號、分號后的內(nèi)容或引號、括號中的內(nèi)容對生詞加以解釋或定義。真題體驗14(2019·閱讀B節(jié)選)IntelligenceArobotneedssomekindof“smarts”.Aprogrammeristhepersonwhogivestherobotits“smarts”.Therobotwillhavetohaveacertainwaytoreceivetheprogramsothatitknowswhatitistodo.64.TheChinesemeaningof“Intelligence”inthelastparagraphis.A.能源B.勤奮C.智能D.外觀答案C解析畫線詞后面的內(nèi)容都在解釋什么是intelligence,分析可知選C。3.構(gòu)詞法通過構(gòu)詞法來猜測詞義,主要分為派生法和合成法兩類。派生詞的詞義可依據(jù)“前綴變詞義,后綴變詞性”的原則來猜測詞義,如:unsatisfied,speechless。合成法由兩個獨立的單詞合成一個新單詞,考生需熟悉每個獨立單詞的詞義,來猜出新單詞的意思,如:homemade。真題體驗15(2020·閱讀B節(jié)選)However,from2012to2016,poaching(偷獵)andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eighty-threeelephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantswerekilledin2016.“Ifthissituationgoeson,alltheGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2020,”saidamemberofMEP.57.Whatdoestheword“illegal”inparagraph4meaninChinese?A.公平的B.虧損的C.非法的D.合理的答案C解析由否定前綴il-可知,此處表示否定意思,legal合法的,illegal即為不合法的,故選C。4.生活常識猜詞義經(jīng)典例題1Lisaletthehairdressertrimherhairabitbecauseitgrewtoolong.Whatdoestheword“trim”meaninChinese?A.Cut.B.Put.C.Control.D.Wash.答案A解析由常識可知,頭發(fā)長了,需要修剪,cut有修剪的意思。故選A。5.列舉事例猜詞義經(jīng)典例題2MynameisTom.Iwanttojoinaclubinmyschool.I’mnotfamous(著名的)now,butmaybeIcanbefamoussomeday.Ican’tsingordanceoract,butIcandomanyotherthings.Icanplaythreekindsofinstruments:theguitar,theviolinandthedrums.IthinkIcanbeinthemusicclub.MaybeIcanbeafamousmusician.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“instruments”inChinese?A.樂譜B.樂器C.樂章D.琴答案B解析由畫線詞后面的theguitar,theviolinandthedrums可知,它們都屬于樂器,故選B。題型四主旨大意題一、命題形式主旨大意題主要考查學生對文章的概括能力,要求學生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納短文或某一段落的大意、概括文章的中心思想或?qū)懗鑫恼碌臉祟}。常見的設(shè)問方式如下:Which/Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?Whatisparagraph...mainlyabout?Thebesttitleofthispassageis.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?Thepassageismainlyabout.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?Thepassagemainlytalksabout.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage/paragraph...?二、解題方法第一步:定位主題句,弄懂文章中心思想。方法1開門見山主題句出現(xiàn)在文首,這種結(jié)構(gòu)主要是為了開門見山,先提出主題,然后圍繞主題用細節(jié)來解釋、論證或發(fā)展主題思想。方法2藏頭露尾主題句出現(xiàn)在文尾,這種結(jié)構(gòu)往往是先闡述細節(jié),然后歸納要點,得出結(jié)論,概括主題。方法3臥虎藏龍主題句隱含在全文中,沒有明確的主題句。閱讀這樣的文章,要求學生根據(jù)文章的細節(jié)來分析、概括、推導出文章的主題。具體方法是:明確各個段落的內(nèi)容以及它們之間的邏輯關(guān)系,尋找核心詞和高頻詞,然后加以歸納形成主題。第二步:比對選項,排除干擾項。主旨大意題的正確選項需要具有概括性,不能以偏概全或是泛泛而談;選擇文章最佳標題,要注意標題需具有概括性、針對性和醒目性,標題要囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容,指向文章的主要特點。廣東中考中主旨大意題的干擾選項通常有以下特征:以偏概全、擴大概念、縮小概念、邏輯錯誤等。真題體驗16(2023·閱讀B節(jié)選)Someanimalscaneasilyfindtheirwayhomeafteralongjourney.Howdotheymakeit?Scientificresearchshowsthattheyarebornwithcertainunusualabilitiesfordirection.Acertainkindofants,forexample,cancounttheirstepstoavoidgettinglost...Somefishhaveanunbelievablesenseofsmell...Someanimalscansensetheearth’smagneticfield(磁場),whilehumanscan’t...However,animalswithsuchunusualabilitiesstillhavedifficultydealingwithenvironmentalchangescausedbyhumanactivities...60.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Birds’SenseofLight B.Fish’sSenseofSmellC.Animals’SenseofDirection D.Animals’SenseofMagneticField答案C解析本文介紹了有些動物天生就具有某些不尋常的方向感,因此“動物的方向感”為最佳標題。故填C。真題體驗17(2022·閱讀B節(jié)選)Jerryisaworld-famousmountainclimber.Hehasclimbedmanyhighmountainsintheworld.Startingin2015,heandhisfriendsspenttwoyearsonanadventure(探險)inSouthAmerica,covering7,800miles.HewasevennamedAdventureroftheYearbyafamousgeographymagazinein2018.56.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Jerry’sfriends. B.Jerry’sachievements.C.Highmountains. D.Ageographymagazine.答案B解析通讀第一段尤其是最后一句“HewasevennamedAdventureroftheYearbyafamousgeographymagazinein2018.”可知,第一段主要是講Jerry的成就的。故選B。類型二配對閱讀一、命題形式配對閱讀主要考查考生對文章的理解能力和信息匹配能力。常見類型如下:1.人名——觀點配對2.地名——描述配對3.問題——建議配對4.需求——廣告配對5.情況——習語配對6.分類題二、解題方法1.找關(guān)鍵詞不要無目的、無重點地閱讀,而是要有目的、有選擇性地跳讀,要善于邏輯推理,抓住上下句子有關(guān)聯(lián)的信息,即關(guān)鍵詞。在信息匹配中,上下的句子往往會出現(xiàn)同樣的單詞,我們應(yīng)首先考慮它們是否就是匹配的一項。真題體驗1(2023·配對閱讀61)Mymumdidn’tagreetobuyanothermodelracingcarforme.Shesaiditwouldbeawasteofmoney.Iamangrywithher.B.Youshouldunderstandyourmum.Amodelcarisnotamust.Parentsknowmoreaboutthevalueofmoneyastheyworkhardtosupportthefamily.分析由原文中關(guān)鍵詞modelracingcar可定位到B項中的modelcar。2.同義表達如果文中沒有可用于配對的關(guān)鍵詞,則找同義詞或句子。真題體驗2(2022·配對閱讀64)Hi,Peter.Hasyourleggotanybetter?Wewillhaveamatchnextweek.Hopeyoucancomeandwatchit!G.Thanks.Itisgettingmuchbetternow.MydoctorsaidIcouldreturntothesportsfieldnextmonth.Anyway,I’llbetherenextweek.分析原文中“Hasyourleggotanybetter?”和G項中“Itisgettingmuchbetternow.”為同義句。(一)AChickenSoupfortheSoulMusicalTheaterWhatdoyougetwhenyoucombine(結(jié)合)theworld’sfavoritestorytellerwithtopproducers?YougetChickenSoupfortheSoulMusicalTheater.Thisamazingperformanceismadeupofsixnewmusicalplaysthataddresstoday’smostimportantsocialandemotional(情緒的)problemsforteenagers.Theyarecreative,thelatest,andallbasedonreal-lifeChickenSoupfortheSoulstories.Theseplayswerewrittenforstudentstoplay.Therearenoadultactors.Thisisallabouttheteensandtheirworld.Themusicalscoreswerewrittenforstudents’ears,too.Wehiredsomeoftoday’smostpopularandtalentedcomposers(作曲家)toscoretheseplays.Thesecomposerswillkeepstudentsenergetic.Mostimportantly,though,theseplayswilldosomuchmorethanpleasepeople—they’llteach.Showtime:7:00p.m.-9:00p.m,fromSaturdaytoSunday,September,2023Showplace:QueenOlympicPark,EastLondonVisitors:Peopleofallages.5dollarsEACH.Educatorsandteensunder18arefree.Moreinformation:1.Nofoodanddrinksinside.2.Keepquietandturnoffmobilephones.3.Visithttps://togetafullunderstandingoftheprogram.1.Whatistheperformanceabout?A.Theworldofadultactors.B.Sixclassicalmusicalplays.C.Thelifeoftheworld’stopproducers.D.Themostimportantproblemsforteenagers.答案D2.WhoactinChickenSoupfortheSoulMusicalTheater?A.Adults.B.Students.C.Producers.D.Educators.答案B3.Howlongdoestheperformancelast?A.Halfanhour.B.Anhour.C.Twohours.D.Threehours.答案C4.Howmuchshouldateacherwithhis12-year-oldsonpay?A.5dollars.B.10dollars.C.15dollars.D.Free.答案D5.Whichismentionedinthepassage?A.TheperformanceisinEastOlympicPark.B.Eatinganddrinkingarenotallowedinside.C.Talkingonthephoneisallowedinside.D.Callingtoknowmoreabouttheperformanceisadvised.答案BB(2023·惠州一模)Yourbelovedpetmaybehurtingyoursleep,newresearchfinds.Thoughpetscanbehelpfulforhealth,petownerwaslikelytohavepoorersleep,accordingtoastudy.Theresearcherscorrectedfactorsthatcouldinfluencesleep,includingrace(種族)andincome(收入),aswellasage,gender(性別)andBMI,andfocusedonwhetherapersonhadasleepdisorderandwhetherapersonhadacatoradog.Thefindingsshowedthathavingadogwasconnectedwithagreaterchanceofhavingasleepdisorderandhavingtroublesleeping,whilehavingacatwasconnectedwithhavingahigherchanceoflegjerks(抽搐)inthenight.“Theageofthepethasabiginfluenceonwhetherornottheykeepyouupatnight,”VanEgmondsaid.“Ifyouhavemanypets,theycaneggeachotheron.”Withdogs,itdependsalotonthekindandtheactivitylevelitneeds.Makingsureapetgetsplentyofphysicalactivitiesandmentalstimulation(刺激)duringthedaycanhelpanimals—andtheirowners—getbetterrest.Unlikedogs,catsaremoreactiveatnightanditiseasiertouseuptheirenergy.Ifyouplaywithyourcatbeforeitisreadyforbed,youwouldmakeithardforcatstofallasleep.Ifyoufeedyourcatafterplayingwithit,yourcatwouldfeelthatithassuccessfullyhunteditsfoodandisrewardedwithanicemealinreturn.Thenitgoestosleepquickly.Thenewstudyshowsthatpetscaninfluenceyoursleep,butwehavetoreallythinkaboutthatpetsaremuchmorethanapetinourfamily.6.Whatcanmakeagreatdifferencetoyoursleep?A.Food. B.Pets.C.Work. D.Noise.答案B7.Ifyouhaveadog,youmayhavetroublein.A.playingwithit B.studyC.gettingmoremoney D.sleeping答案D8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“eggeachotheron”mean?A.Encourageeachothertofightorquarrel.B.Haveatalkwitheachother.C.Helpeachother.D.Learnfromeachother.答案A9.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Weshouldseethepetsasourfamily.B.Catsareveryactiveinthedaytime.C.Allthedogscaninfluenceyoursleep.D.Nomatterhowmuchacateats,itisalwaysfullofenergy.答案A10.Inwhichpartofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.Travel. B.Animals.C.Culture. D.Health.答案DC配對閱讀。左欄是五個人的愿望,右欄是七座城市的簡介。請為每個人選出最合適的旅游城市。11.Alicehasbeendrawingsinceshewasfouryearsold.Nowshewantstoknowmoreaboutsomefamouspaintings.()12.Paulshowsgreatinterestinhavingthecomingsummerholidaysinaseasidecity,inwhichthereisastretchofwhitesandbeachperfectforsunbathing.()13.Daisyisabookworm.Shehasalreadyreadmanybooksinthelocallibraryandcan’thelpfindingmoreinterestingbooks.()14.Jimthinkstherearefewtreesinhiscity.Hewouldliketoliveinaplacefilledwithtreesandbreathethecleanairthere.()15.Doralovesflowers.Sheboughtanewcameraandshewantedtorecordthebeautifulmomentsofdifferentkindsofflowerswithit.()A.SingaporeCityinSingaporeisamoderncitywithcolorfulbuildingsandmanykindsofplants.SothiscityisalsoknownastheGardenCity.Withmanytalltrees,lowshrubs(灌木)andlushgrasseverywhere,theenvironmenthereisquiteclean.B.AsthebirthplaceofRenaissance(文藝復興),F(xiàn)lorenceinItalyishometoafamousartgallery(展覽館).ManyfamousartworksduringtheRenaissanceareonshowhere,suchassomepaintingsofLeonardodaVinci.C.TokyoinJapanhasmanytop-ratedrestaurants.Cooksalwayscarefullychoosethemostseasonalingredients(原料).Theyoftendoaslittletothefoodaspossibletobringoutthecolorandtaste.D.OxfordintheUKisaveryfamouscitybecauseofitslonghistoryandOxfordUniversity.Theuniversityhas120milesofbookshelves,showingitsdeepreadingculture.E.Withayear-roundaverage(平均的)temperatureof22℃,MedellininColumbiaiscalled“TheCityofEternal(永久的)Spring”.Theclimatemakesitaperfectplaceforflowers.ManyflowersareonshowinMedellininAugust.F.SydneyinAustraliaisacityalivewithwildlifesuchaskangaroosandkoalas.ThebestplacetomeetharmlesswildlifeistheRoyalBotanicGardensintheheartofthecity.What’smore,visitingtheGardensisfree.G.QingdaoinChinaisafamousseasidecity.Itisfamousforthebluesea,beautifulbeachesanddeliciousseafood.It’sawonderfulplaceforsummerholidays.答案11.B12.G13.D14.A15.E(二)AWelcometoQing

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