2018年成人高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試高起點《英語》試卷和答案解析

./2018年成人高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試高起點英語本試卷分第Ⅰ卷〔選擇題〕和第Ⅱ卷<非選擇題>兩部分,滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。第Ⅰ卷〔選擇題,共105分〕一、語音知識：共5小題；每題1.5分,共7.5分。在下列每組單詞中,有一個單詞的劃線部分與其他單詞的劃線部分的讀音不同。找出這個詞。 1.Aheat Bclean Cbreak Dpeace 2.A.father B.thief C.neither D.thus 3.Abear Bwear Cpear D.hear 4.A.use B.excuse C.button D.music 5.A.allow Bpower C.brown Dbelow二、詞匯與語法知識：共15小題；每題1.5分,共225分。從每小題的四個選擇項中,選出最佳的一項。6.-WasthegentlemansnameDavid?-No.Idon'tthinkso,but,goon,please. A.manythanksB.I'dliketoC.notatallD.nevermine7.Ourmanagerisnotinrightnow.CanIamessage?A.leaveB.takeC.giveD.write8.Georgeoughttohavearrivedthistime.A.duringB.onCinD.by9.OnceJohnnystartspaintingapicture,hewon'tstopuntilit..AhadbeenfinishedB.wasfinishedCisfinishedD.willbefinished10.Thegirliswaitingforherauntonsideoftheroad.A.otherB.theotherC.anotherD.oneother11.Ineverseemtohaveanytimewithmyparents.AtospendBspentC.havingspenDspend12.-Thestoryistoohardtounderstand -Yes,it'sshortandtherearen'tmanynewwordsinit.A.sInceBbecauseCifD.though13.-willJohngettothecompany? -InthreehoursA.HowsoonBHowlongCHowoftenD.Howfast14.Theyalllookedsohappy.Theyhavesucceededaftersomanyfailures.A.mustBwouldCshouldDcould15.IcameacrossthisoldbookwhileImyroomA.cleanB.willcleanChavecleanedDwascleaning16.TomisthanGeorge,butJohnistheofthethreeAtallest:tallerB.taller:tallestCtall:tallerD.taller:tall17.Theteacheraskedallthestudentsintheclasstokeeptheireyesforaminute. A.closeB.closedCtocloseD.closing18.Inthelastfiveyearsthecityoutrapidlyinalldirections.AhasspreadBhasbeenspreadC.wasspread Dspread19.IthinkVicfeelssurprisedbythefactI'msmarterthanheis.A.whyBwhichCwhenD.that20.Agoodteachermustbetoostricttooweak.A.either:orB.neither:norC.notonly;butalso D.both;and三、完形填空共15小題；每題2分,共30分。通讀下面的短文,掌握其大意。然后,從每小題的四個選擇項中選出可填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項。Inthepast,Ialwaysthoughtthatbeingateacherwasaneasyjob.ButIchangedmy21whenIbecameapart-timeteacher.Aboutfouryearsago,Richardaskedme22Icouldhelpteachhisstudentshowtomakeawebsiteaboutthemselves.I23becausecomputeriswhatIdowellandIdidn'tthinkteachingcomputerwouldbethat24.ButwhenItaughtRichard'sclass,someofthestudents25withtheirfriendswhileIwasexplaininghowtodosomething.AtfirstIjustgotangrywiththem,26Richardtaughtmetothinkwhytheyweredoingthis.Hesaidthatifhewas27alessonandthestudentswerenotlistening,thenhewasangrywith28fornotmakingthelessonclearorinterestingforthem.ItoldhimthatIdidn't29hisidea.HethenaskedmeifIhadever30thesamething.Thatmademestop.OfcourseIhad!Ifanyofmypastteachersare31this,IwanttosaysorryifIsometimesplayedaroundintheclass32youwereteaching.Ididntthinkhowthatwouldmakeyoufeel.IpromiseIwilldomybesttobeagood33inthefuture.Pleasehelpuswhenwedon'tunderstandandmost34,don'tbequicktobeangrywhenwefail.35ofusareperfectbutwithyourhelpwecanbesuccessful.21.A.planB.decisionC.choiceD.mind22.A.whereB.whyC.whether D.when23.A.agreedB.failedC.obeyed D.admitted24.A.dangerousB.wiseC.interestingD.hard25.A.performedB.workedC.chattedD.travelled26.A.or B.ButC.forD.and27.AtakingBteachingC.learningD.preparing28.A.itself B.meC.themD.himself29.Aexchange B.likeC.knowD.receive30.A.accepted B.saidC.doneD.thought31.AreadingB.meaningC.writingD.saying32.A.whenB.untilC.after D.since33.AworkerB.studentC.businessman D.engineer34.AseriouslyB.probablyC.surprisinglyD.importantly35.A.None B.AnyC.MostD.All四、閱讀理解：共15小題；每題3分,共45分。閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從每小題的四個選擇項中選出最佳的一項。AWhenIwasatschool,ourteachertoldtheclass"Youarewhatyoueat."MyfriendsandIwouldlaughandcalleachother"hamburger"<漢堡>and"biscuits".Ourteacherwastryingtoshowustheimportanceofeatingtherightfoodtostayhealthy.Thiswas30yearsagowhentherewerebigmovementstomakeBritishpeoplehealthier.WestartedtoeatboiledpotatoesinsteadofFrenchfriesanddrinkfat-freemilkinsteadofwholemilk.AtfirstIfeltmypotatoeshadnotasteatall.ButafterawhileIstartedtopreferhealthierfoodbecauseIfeltstrongerandIdidntgetsicksooften.Soweagreethatyoubecomewhatyoueat.Doyouknowwhatyourfriendseatjustbylookingatthem?Whenyouknowtheeffectsofdifferenttypesoffood,youcanuseyourknowledgewellandeatwhatyouwanttobecome.Foodhasbeensoimportanttoourhealth.Everyonehastheirownadvicetogive,whichtheyhavereadaboutorhavebeentoldbyolderpeople.However,someofthesepiecesofadviceseemtodisagreewitheachother.Forexample,somesay"Eatingchocolatemakesyoufat,"whileotherssay"Chocolatecontainstheimportantminerals<礦物質(zhì)>likeironandmagnesium<鎂>."Infact,whatweneedtofindoutiswhattypeofchocolatetoeatandhowmuchofittoeat.36.Whatdidtheteachermeanby"Youarewhatyoueat"inParagraph1?AIt'sfuntobecalledhamburgerorbiscuitsB.YourlifelookslikewhatyoueatC.It'simportanttoeatwhatyoulike.D.Yourhealthdependsonwhatyoueat37.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablylikenow?ABoiledpotatoesBFriedchickenC.FrenchfriesD.Wholemilk38.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononadvice?ARefuseitifyoudon'tlikeitB.Passittoyourfriends.C.AcceptitifyouhavereadaboutitDConsideritwhenmakingyourdecisionBNancywantedtomakegooduseofhersparetime.Soshedecidedtoworkfortheunderdog.Forthepastseveralyears,shehasbeenputtingherexperienceandenergytohelpadisadvantaged<條件差的>highschoolstudent.Nancyknewthatherknowledgewouldbebestsharedinaone-to-onesituation.ShefoundherperfectmatchinOperationJumpStart<OJS>.OJSwasfoundedin1994inLongBeach,California,withthegoalofhelpingstudentsreachforhighereducation.Itpairsstudentswithexperiencedvolunteers<志愿者>,andprovidesthemwithworkshopsonwriting,leadershipdevelopment,andguidedtoursofvanouscolleges.Sinceitsstart,OJShashelped80studentsgraduatefromhighschool,with95percentmovingontohighereducation.Nancyandthegirl,Yanira,spentmostoftheirtimeonschoolwork.Togetherthetwooftenwenttomuseums,zoos,themovies,andconcerts;theyevensangintheschoolholidayshowtogether!"IknowI’mnotlikeanyoneelseinYanira'slife,"Nancysays,"lt’sbeengreattogettoknowherandtowatchherchange,grow,andlearn."MuchtoNancysexcitement,YaniraplanstoattendJohnJayCollegeinNewYorkCity,whereNancysfathertaughtforhiswholelife."ThesedaysIshareherdream,andifshegetsacceptedIhopetotraveltoNewYorkwithherandshowheraround."Nancysays.39.Theword"underdoginParagraph1probablyreferstoAsmarthighschoolstudentsB.dogsthatarenotlikedbytheirownersC.studentswhoneedhelptosucceedD.poorcompanyworkers40.WhatisOperationJumpStart<OJS>inthetext?A.It'sacompanyprovidingjobsforpeoplelikeNancy.B.It'saprogramtrainingvolunteers.C.It'saschoolteachingleadershipskills,D.It'sanorganizationhelpinghighschoolstudents.41.WhoisYanirainthestory?A.AvolunteerOJSsupported.B.AstudentNancyhelped.C.AteacherfromJohnJayCollege.DArelativeofNancys.42.Accordingtothetext,NancyfeelsgreattoseeYaniraA.makeprogressBtraveltoNewYorkC.gotocollegeD.singintheholidayshowCAworldlikenoother--perhapsthisisthebestwaytodescribetheworldoftherainforest.Norainforestisthesame-yetmostrainforestscanbefoundinthesmalllandarea22.5degreesnorthand22.5degreessouthoftheEquator<赤道>.YoucanfindrainforestsinSouthAmericaandIndonesia.OtherrainforestsexistfurtherfromtheEquator,inThailandandSriLanka.Rainforestshaveagreatroletoplayinsupportingtheworld.Theyarehometoarichvarietyofplants,birdsandanimals.Canyoubelievethat480varietiesoftreesmaybefoundinjustonehectare<公頃>ofrainforest?Theseforestshavearound50%ofalltheplants,birdsandanimalsonEarth.Rainforestshavetheirownperfectwayforliving.Thetalltreesmakeahugeumbrellaofbranchesandleaveswhichprotectthemselves,smallerplants,andtheforestanimalsfromheavyrain,dryheatfromthesunandstrongwinds.Rainforesttreesgrowinsuchawaythattheirleavesandbranches,althoughclosetogether,neveractuallytouchthoseofanothertree.Scientiststhinkthisisawaytopreventthespreadofanytreediseasesandmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsects<昆蟲>.Toliveintheforest,animalsmustclimb,jump,orlyacrossthebranchesandtrees.Thegroundflooroftheforestisnotallleaavesandbushes,likeinfilms,butisactuallyfairlyclear.Itiswhereleavesbecomefoodforthetreesandotherforestlife.Rainforestsaroundtheworldaredisappearingatahighspeed.Afewthousandyearsago,rainforestscoveredasmuchas12%ofthelandsurfaceonEarth,buttodaythishasfallentolessthan5.3%.Wehopethattheworldgovernmentsworktogetherwithscientiststousetheirpowerandknowledgetokeeptherainforestsforourexistence.43.Accordingtothetext,wecanfindrainforestsin.A.BritainB.ThailandC.CanadaD.44.Whyarerainforestsimportanttotheworld?A.Theycanprovidefoodfordifferentkindsofinsects.B.TheycanlowerthetemperaturearoundtheEquator.C.Theyarehometovariouskindsofplantsandanimals.D.Theyproducethebestwoodforhousebuilding.45.Whatcanbeseeninarainforestaccordingtothetext?ALeavesandbranchesofatreeneveractuallytouchthoseoftheothertrees.B.Treediseasesmakelifemoredifficultforleaf-eatinginsects.C.Talltreesprotectthemselvesfromforestanimalswiththeirbranches.D.Thegroundfloorisallcoveredbyleavesandbranches.46.HowmuchofthelandsurfaceonEarthiscoveredbyrainforests?A.Morethan50%.B.Nearly12%.C.Lessthan5.3%.D.Around22.5%.DIt’ssaidthathumanbeingshaverestless<不安分的>hearts,butIt’ssaidthathumanbeingshaverestless<不安分的>hearts,butthismonth’sglobalsurvey<調(diào)查>suggestsotherwise.Onaverage,68percentoftherespondents<調(diào)查對象>in15countrieswouldagainsay"Ido"totheirhusbandsorwives.IntheUnitedStates,Brazil,andGreatBritain,respondentsover45aremorelikelythanyoungerpeopletofeelsatisfiedwiththeirchoices.ButinCanada,france,Indiaalaysla,thePhilippines,andSpain,it'sthe45-and-underswhofeelmorehappilymatched.SoHappyTogetherChina 83%Philippines 76%Germany 73%Netherlands 73%Australia 72%Spain 72%Russia 71%U.K 66%Brazil 65%Canada 63%Italy 63%U.S. 63%France 62%India 62%Malaysia 59%MisgivingsInthePhilippines,wherecouplesmarryyoungerthaninmostnations,only20%ofthoseoverage45saythey'dstaywiththesamehusbandorwife.MismatchedMalaysiaishighestwithmen<48%>whowouldgiveuptheirmarriageifgiventhechance.InItaly,However,42%ofwiveswouldsaygoodbyetotheirhusbands47.Howmanypeopleonaveragewouldmarrythesamepersonagain?A.42%.B.48%. C.68%.D.20%.48.Inwhichcountryarerespondentsover45morelikelytofeelhappilymatchedthanyoungerpeople?A.TheU.S B.France.C.India. D.Canada.49.Inwhichcountrydopeoplegetmarriedyoungerthaninmostothercountries?A.ThePhilippines.B.Germany. C.Italy. D.China60.Whichcountryhasthelowestpercentageofhappycouples?A.Australia. B.Malaysia.C.Spain.D.TheNeth.第Ⅱ卷<非選擇題,共45分>五、補(bǔ)全對話：共5句；每句滿分為3分,共15分。根據(jù)中文提示,把對話中缺少的內(nèi)容寫在線上。這些句子必須符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣。打句號的地方,用陳述句；打問號的地方,用疑問句。提示：B到商店買L號的黃襯衫,得知該顏色襯衫已售完,想看看藍(lán)的。售貨員說藍(lán)色今年很流行,他試穿后決定買下。<Bill=B;ShoppingAssistant=A>A:CanIhelpyou,sir?B:Yes.I’mlookingforayellowshirt.A:51?B:SizeL.A:Sorry.Theyellowonesofyoursize52.B:It’sapity.Doyouhavethatsizeinbluethen?A:Yes.Blueis53thisyear.B:Well54?A:Sure.Look!Itfitsyouwell.B.Yes,itdoes.55?A:150yuan.B:OK.I’lItakeit.六、書面表達(dá)：滿分30分。假設(shè)你是李華,你的筆友Tom想知道中國學(xué)生怎樣過暑假。你寫信告知你的暑期計劃并詢問他的安排。你的計劃是:1.與父母外出旅行;2.看車展;3.讀一本英文小說<novel>。注意：詞數(shù)應(yīng)為100左右June1stDearTom,Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua參考答案與解析一、語音知識1.[答案]C3.[答案]D5.[答案]D二、詞匯與語法知識6.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查日常交際用語。句意：—那位先生的名字是大衛(wèi)嗎?—不,我覺得不是,但沒關(guān)系,請繼續(xù)吧。manythanks非常感謝；I'dliketo我想,我愿意；notatall一點也不；nevermind關(guān)系,不用擔(dān)心。根據(jù)語境,本題選D。7.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查固定搭配。句意：我們經(jīng)理現(xiàn)在不在。您需要我傳話嗎?takeamessage為固定搭配,意為"傳話,捎口信"。故本題選B。8.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查介詞辨析。句意：喬治這時應(yīng)該已經(jīng)到了。during在…期間；on在…上,不與thistime連用；in在里,亦不與thistime連用；by與thistime連用時意為"此時,這時"。根據(jù)句意,本題選D。9.[答案]C[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查時態(tài)與語態(tài)。句意：一旦約翰尼開始畫一幅畫,他不畫完是不會停下來的。not。until。引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,從句不能用將來時,主句為一般將來時,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。it指代picture,與finish是被動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)。故本題選C。10.答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查代詞辨析。句意：那個女孩正在馬路對面等著她的姑姑。other其他的,另外的；theother兩者中的另一個；another表示三者或三者以上中的另一個,其后一般接單數(shù)；oneother另一個,再一個,即在原來的基礎(chǔ)上加一。結(jié)合句意,本題選B。11.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查不定式短語作定語的用法。句意：我似乎從來沒有時間陪伴父母。在英語中,不定式短語可以作后置定語,用來解釋說明to之前的名詞。由此可知,本句中tospendwithmyparents為修飾time的后置定語。故本題選A。12.答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查連詞辨析。句意：—一這個故事太難理解了?！堑?雖然它很短,而且里面沒有很多生詞。since從……以來,因為,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句或原因狀語從句；because因為,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；f如果,常引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；though雖然,盡管,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。根據(jù)句意,本題選D13.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查對一段時間的提問方式。句意：—約翰多久能到公司?—三個小時后。howsoon多久之后<問解決事情等的速度>,以"in+時間段"作答；howlong多久了<問時長>,以"for+時間段"或"sInce+時間點"作答；howoften多經(jīng)常<問頻率>,常以"數(shù)詞+timesaweekmonth/year。。"作答；howfast多快<問速度>。故本題選A。14.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查情態(tài)動詞辯析?句意：他們定成功了。musthavedone意為"一定做過某事",表示對過去事情的肯定推測。根據(jù)句意,本題本題選A。15.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查時態(tài)。句意：我在打掃房間的時候偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這本舊書。while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時,從句常用進(jìn)行時,表示動作與主句謂語同時發(fā)生。由主句中的came可知,本句整體時態(tài)為過去時。故本題選D。16.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查形容詞的比較級與最高級。句意：湯姆比喬治高,但約翰是他們?nèi)酥凶罡叩哪莻€。"A+be+形容詞比較級+han+B"表示A比B更……"；"A+be+the+形容詞最高級+X圍"表親"A在…中是最"的"。故本題選B。7.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：老師要求全班同學(xué)閉眼一分鐘。本句中已有謂語動詞asked,且空格所在句子非從句,故應(yīng)填動詞的非謂語形式。由于eyes與close是被動關(guān)系,所以應(yīng)該使用動詞的過去分詞形式。故本題選B。18.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在過去"have/has+過去分詞"<現(xiàn)在完成時>表示動作發(fā)生在過去,強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響。此外spread為不與物動詞,沒有被動語態(tài)。結(jié)合句意,本題選A。19.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查同位語從句。句意：我認(rèn)為維克對我比他聰明的事實感到驚訝。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句為內(nèi)含同位語從句的復(fù)合句。同位語從句常用來修飾一些表示抽象意義的名詞,如belief,,doub,fact,hope等,引導(dǎo)詞常用that。故題選D。20.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]本題考查并列連詞辨析。句意：一位優(yōu)秀的教師既不能太嚴(yán)厲,也不能太軟弱。either…or…要么……,要么……；neither…nor…既不…,也不…；notonly…butalso…不僅…而且……；bouh。and…。兩者都。根據(jù)句意,本題選B。三、完形填空21.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。但當(dāng)我成為一名兼職老師時,我改變了想法。plan計劃；decision決定；choice選擇；mind想法,意見。故本題選D。22.[答案]C[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]連詞辨析題。理查德問我能否教他的學(xué)生制作一個關(guān)于他們自己的。where何處why為何；whether是否；when何時。故本題選C。23.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]推理判斷題。因為電腦是我所撞長的,所以我同意了理查德的請求。agree同意；fail失?。籵bey遵循；admi承認(rèn)。故本題選A.24.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]推理判斷題。空格前提到我在電腦方面比較擅長,由此可知我并不認(rèn)為給學(xué)生上電腦課有好么難。dangerous危險的；wise聰明的；interesting有趣的；hard困難的。故本題選D。25.[答案]C[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。當(dāng)我解說如何做一些事情時,一些學(xué)生在和他們的朋友聊天?perform表演；work工作；chat聊天；travel旅行。故本題選C。26.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]連詞辨析題。起初我只是生他們的氣,但理查拖讓我思考他們?yōu)槭裁催@樣做。or或者,否則；but但是；for因為；and和。故本題選B。27.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]國定用語題。他說如果他在講課的時候,學(xué)生卻不聽,他就會生氣。eachalesson為固定用語,意為"授課"。故本題選B。28.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]代詞辨析題。他因為沒有給學(xué)生講明白或沒把課上得有趣而生自己的氣。itself它自己；me我；them他們；himself他自己。故本題選D。29.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。我告訴他我不接受他的說法。exchange,交換；like喜歡；know知道;receive接納。故本題選D。30.[答案]C[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辯析題。理查德問我是否也曾做過類似的事。accept接受；say說；do做；think想。故本題選C。31.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。如果我之前的老師正在讀這篇文章。read讀；mean意思是……；write寫；say說。故本題選A。32.[答案A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]連詞辨析題。如果你們講課的時候我在課堂上玩耍,我想說對不起。when當(dāng)時；umi直到……才；after在……之后；since自故本題選A。33.[答案]B[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]推理判斷題。我發(fā)誓以后我會盡自己最大努力成為一名好學(xué)生的。worker工人；student學(xué)生；businessman商人；engineer工程師。故本題選B。34.[答案D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。當(dāng)我們不理解<您講失敗時>,請您給予幫助,但最重要的是,當(dāng)我們失敗時,請不要那么快就生氣。seriously嚴(yán)肅地；probably大概；surprisingly驚人地；importantly重要地。故本題選D。35.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]詞義辨析題。沒有人是完美的,但在您的幫助下我們會成才的。none沒有人；any任何；most大部分；all全部。結(jié)合句意,本題選A。四、閱讀理解36.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知,老師提出這種說法的目的在于向同學(xué)們說明健康飲食的重要性。故本題選D。37.[答案]A[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]事實細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段可知作者的飲食習(xí)慣發(fā)生了改變,逐漸接受并喜歡上了煮的土豆。B項<炸雞>、C項<法式炸薯條>和D項<全脂牛奶>均屬于被替換掉的食物。故本題選A。38.[答案]D[應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)]推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知,面對