單臺儀表的校準(zhǔn)和試驗方案中英樣本

單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗方案1、編制闡明：1.1、單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗老式稱為一次調(diào)校，即儀表安裝前校驗，它是在規(guī)定條件下，為擬定測量儀器儀表或測量系統(tǒng)示值、實物量具或原則物質(zhì)所代表值與相相應(yīng)由參照原則擬定量值之間關(guān)系一組操作。其目是：檢查計分表在運送途中有無損傷；核對儀表規(guī)格型號及功能與否符合設(shè)計文獻規(guī)定；儀表精密度與否符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻規(guī)定。因而，它是一項技術(shù)含量高，工作規(guī)定細(xì)，范疇比較廣工作。這一工作質(zhì)量好壞，將直接影響系統(tǒng)實驗和裝置產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量及運營安全，對評價儀表工程施工質(zhì)量具重大影響。為了保證單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗質(zhì)量，特編制此方案。1.2、由于工業(yè)自動化儀表工業(yè)發(fā)展不久，新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品不斷浮現(xiàn)，故單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)實驗工作涉及面極廣，作為方案不也許面面具到。關(guān)于DCS、PLC系統(tǒng)實驗前功能測試和某些輔助儀表校準(zhǔn)，本方案不再闡述，常規(guī)儀表也只能以常用儀表為例闡述，特此闡明。2、編制根據(jù)：2.1、工程承包合同或合同（詳細(xì)到文號）。2.2、儀表設(shè)計施工圖及其他設(shè)計文獻。2.3、儀表制造廠提供技術(shù)文獻。2.4、國家現(xiàn)行《自動化儀表工程施工及驗收規(guī)范》及其驗評原則。2.5、依照該項目施工組織設(shè)計編制《儀表工程施工進度籌劃》。2.6、公司質(zhì)量體系文獻。2.7、化學(xué)工業(yè)計量檢定人員管理辦法。3、工程概況：3.1、工程特點（含工程名稱、范疇、地點、規(guī)模、特點、重要技術(shù)參數(shù)、重要實物工程量、工期規(guī)定及投資等）。3.2、工程量。（見下表）儀表設(shè)備分類登記表（樣表）序號儀表設(shè)備名稱單位數(shù)量備注1溫度儀表涉及：①、雙金屬溫度計支②、壓力式溫度計支③、熱電偶支④、熱電阻支⑤、溫度變送器臺⑥、盤裝溫度儀表臺2壓力儀表涉及：①、②、③、3流量儀表涉及：①、②、③、4物位儀表涉及：①、②、③、5成分儀表涉及：①、6調(diào)節(jié)儀表涉及：①、7旋轉(zhuǎn)機械量儀表8執(zhí)行器4、儀表校準(zhǔn)、實驗程序：（見程序圖）GeneralProceduresforSingleInstrumentationCalibrationandTesting(refertothefollowingprograms):單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)、實驗程序圖核對儀表選型與否滿足工藝規(guī)定核對儀表選型與否滿足工藝規(guī)定核對設(shè)備匯總表與明細(xì)表與否吻合配備合格計量器具設(shè)立合格計量器具室設(shè)立合格校準(zhǔn)間編制必要儀表搬運、貯存方案儀表設(shè)備出庫開箱驗收熟悉制造廠技術(shù)文獻入現(xiàn)場設(shè)備庫（建帳、標(biāo)位號）編制單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)實驗方案技術(shù)交底作原始狀態(tài)和調(diào)節(jié)過程記錄填寫校驗成績單告知供貨方退貨制造廠現(xiàn)場服務(wù)標(biāo)記、隔離收資料員存檔熟悉圖紙貼“產(chǎn)品合格”標(biāo)記防護NYNYNYNNYToverifywhetherthesumequipmentlistmeetsubdrawingsDeployqualifiedmeteringdevicesDeployqualifiedmeteringroomsDeployqualifiedcalibrationroomsroomsPrepareinstrumenthandlingandstorageschemesTotakeoutinstrumentationfromthewarehouseO.B.I.Familiarwithvendorsdoc.Enteringjobsiteequipmentwarehouse(Accountcreationandlabelmarking)ToprepareInst.Calib.SchemeTechnicalinductionTorecordoriginal&adjustingprocessstatusTofillincalibrationrecordsheetToinformthevendorsatonceTore-supplyVendor’sjobsiteserviceMarking&SegregationArchivescreationbydocumenterTostick“ProductQualified”labelInstrumentsprotectionmeasureNYYNToverifywhetherthedesignedinstrumentmeettheprocessrequirements規(guī)定Familiarwithconstructiondrawings5、校準(zhǔn)、實驗辦法及質(zhì)量規(guī)定：CalibrationandTestingMethodologyandtheQualityRequirement:5.1、普通規(guī)定：GeneralRegulationsandRequirements:5.1.1、實驗環(huán)境條件：Conditions：儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗（不含執(zhí)行器）應(yīng)在實驗室內(nèi)進行。實驗室應(yīng)具備下列條件：Thecalibrationandtestingworksforinstrumentations(excludingactuatingdevices)shallbeexecutedinthedesignatedcleanlaboratoryrooms.Thelaboratoryroomsshallmeetfollowingconditions:室內(nèi)清潔、安靜，光線充分，無振動，無對儀表及線路電磁場干擾。Thelaboratoryroomsshallbeclean，quite，sunlightabundant，withoutvibration，withoutelectronicandmagneticinterferenceforinstrument.室內(nèi)溫度保持在10~35℃。Theambienttemperatureshallbearound10~35℃.電源電壓穩(wěn)定，交流電源及60V以上直流電源電壓波動不應(yīng)超過±10%。60V如下直流電源電壓波動不應(yīng)超過±5%。Thepowersupplyshouldbestable，thevoltagewavesforalternativecurrentpoweranddirectcurrentpowerabove60voltsshouldnotmorethan±10%，fordirectcurrentpowerbelow60voltsshouldnotmorethan±5%.d、氣源應(yīng)清潔、干燥，露點比最低環(huán)境溫度低10℃以上，氣源壓力穩(wěn)定，調(diào)壓設(shè)施完備。Airsourceshouldbeclean，dry，withstableairpressureandwellestablishedregulators.Thedewpointshouldbelower10℃thanthelowestambienttemperature.5.1.2、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗用原則儀器儀表，應(yīng)具備有效計量檢定合格證明，其基本誤差絕對值不適當(dāng)超過被校準(zhǔn)儀表基本誤差絕對值1/3。 Thestandardinstrumentsandmetersforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallhaveeffectivemeteringcertificateofconformance.Theabsolutevalueforbasicerrorsshouldnotbemorethanone-thirdoftheabsolutevaluesforbasicerrorsofthecalibratedinstrumentations5.1.3、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗條件、項目、辦法應(yīng)符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻規(guī)定和設(shè)計文獻規(guī)定，并應(yīng)使用制造廠已提供專用工具和實驗設(shè)備。 Theconditions，items，methodsforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallfullymeetthetechnicalregulationsofvendorsandthedesigndocumentations，andthespecialtoolsandtestingdevicesprovidedbyvendorsshallbeutilized5.1.4、從事校準(zhǔn)和實驗工作人員，應(yīng)具備相應(yīng)資質(zhì)和省級以上化工主管部門頒發(fā)檢定證件，并能純熟地掌握實驗項目操作技能，對的使用、維護所用計量器具。 Thestaffsandpersonnelforinstrumentationcalibrationandtestingshallbequalifiedwithcorrespondingcertification，havecalibrationandtestingcertificateissuedbyprovincialgovernmentdepartmentinchargeofpetro-chemicalindustry，beproficientinoperationskillsfortestingitems，properlyuseandmaintainthemeteringdevices5.1.5、單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)點應(yīng)在全量程范疇內(nèi)均勻選用，普通不應(yīng)少于5點。 Thecalibrationpointsshallbeevenlyselectedwithinfullrangescope，generallytheselectedpointsshallnotbelessthanfivepoints5.1.6、儀表校準(zhǔn)和實驗前應(yīng)對儀表進行外觀檢查，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及： Appearanceinspectionforallinstrumentationsshallbeexecutedbeforecalibrationandtesting儀表型號、規(guī)格、材質(zhì)、防爆級別等應(yīng)符合設(shè)計文獻規(guī)定。Type，specification，materialandexplode-proofclassshouldbeaccordedwithdesignrequirement.無變形、損傷、油漆脫落、零件丟失等缺陷，外形重要尺寸、連接螺紋符合設(shè)計規(guī)定。Withoutdisfigurementsuchasshapedamage，paintingcoatdamage，accessoriesbeloseetc.Mainsizeofshapeandconnectingscrewthreadshouldbeaccordedwithdesignrequirement.銘牌標(biāo)志、附件、備件齊全。Nameplate，accessoriesandsparepartarewhole.產(chǎn)品技術(shù)文獻和質(zhì)量證明書齊全。Techno-fileandquantitycertificatearewhole.5.1.7儀表經(jīng)校準(zhǔn)和實驗后，應(yīng)達(dá)到下列規(guī)定： Theinstrumentationsaftercalibrationandtestingshallmeetthefollowingrequirements:基本誤差、回差應(yīng)符合儀表容許誤差Basicerrors，returnerrorsshallwithintheallowanceerrorsofinstrumentations.儀表零位對的，偏差值不超過容許誤差1/2。 Zeropointofinstrumentsshallbeaccurate.Thediscrepancyvaluesshallnotexceedone-secondoftheallowableerrors.報警、聯(lián)鎖設(shè)定偏差不超過儀表容許誤差，其設(shè)定值符合設(shè)計文獻規(guī)定。 Thedeviationvaluesforalarmandinterlocksettingvaluesshallnotexceedtheallowableerrors.Therelatedsettingvaluesshallmeetthedesigndocumentations.指針在整個行程中無抖動、摩擦和跳動現(xiàn)象。 Duringallmeterrangethepointersofinstrumentationshouldbestablewithoutvibration，frictionandjumping.可調(diào)部件應(yīng)留有再調(diào)節(jié)余地。Theadjustablecomponentsshallhavesomeadjustableareaandspace.數(shù)字顯示儀表無閃爍現(xiàn)象。Noflashingappearancefordigitalindicationinstrumentsshalloccur.記錄儀表劃線或打字應(yīng)清晰，記錄紙移動正常。記錄誤差符合儀表精度規(guī)定 Thelineationrecordsortypingshouldbeclearandreadable，themovementsforpapersofrecordersshallbeinnormalconditions.Alloftheerrorsofrecordedvaluesshallmeettheaccuracyrequirementsofinstrument.5.1.8、儀表校準(zhǔn)實驗后，應(yīng)及時填寫校驗記錄，并規(guī)定數(shù)據(jù)真實、項目齊全、筆跡清晰、簽字完備，并在表體明顯位置貼上“產(chǎn)品合格”標(biāo)記和標(biāo)注位號。Thecalibrationrecordsshallbefilledinontimeaftercalibrationandtesting.Therecordeddatashouldbegenuine，withfullitems，explicithandwritings，completedsignatures.Aftertesting，the“producteligible”labelsshallbestuckontheinstrumentbodies，andtagnumbersalsoshallbemarked5.1.9、校準(zhǔn)合格儀表應(yīng)按公司物質(zhì)貯存程序關(guān)于規(guī)定妥善保管。經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)不合格儀表應(yīng)通報設(shè)備籌劃員和工號工程師會同監(jiān)理、業(yè)主等關(guān)于人員檢查、確認(rèn)后，退庫解決。 ThequalifiedinstrumentsshallbewellstoredandprotectedasperELECO’sMaterial&EquipmentStorageProcedure.Unqualifiedinstrumentsshallbereportedtoequipmentplanner，fieldengineer，managementsuperviser，andclient，aftertheirinspectionandconfirmationtheinstrumentsshallbesentbacktowarehouseandbeproperlydealedwith.5.2、溫度儀表：TemperatureInstrumentation:5.2.1、雙金屬溫度計、壓力式溫度計應(yīng)進行示值校準(zhǔn)，普通校驗點不少于兩點。 Thebimetalandpressuretypethermometersshallbecalibratedasperdisplayedvalues，generallythetestingpointsshallnotbelessthantwopoints如被校儀表已批示環(huán)境溫度，可將環(huán)境溫度當(dāng)作一種校準(zhǔn)點，另取一種點即可。在二個校準(zhǔn)點中，若有一點不合格，則應(yīng)判被校表不合格。該實驗操作要點是將溫包或雙金屬溫度計感溫元件與原則水銀溫度計感溫液置于同一環(huán)境溫度中，注意控制被測介質(zhì)溫度變化緩慢而均勻。Ifthetestinginstrumentshowstheambienttemperature，theambienttemperatureshallbeselectedasonecalibrationpoint，thenanothertemperaturepointcanbeselectedatyourease.Forthetwoselectedpoints，ifanyoneofthemcannotmeettheaccuracyrequirements，thisinstrumentshallbejudgedunqualified.Theoperationessentialsforthiscalibrationaretomaintainthethermobulbsorthetemperatureelementsandthestandardmerculythermometeratthesameenvironmentaltemperature.Becareoftokeepthetestingmediatemperaturechangeslowlyandevenly.如多支雙金屬溫度計或壓力式溫度計同步校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)按正、反順序檢測兩次，取其平均值。Ifseveralbimetalorpressuretypethermometersarecalibratedsimultaneously，calibrationprocessshallbetwiceasperpositiveandnegativesequences，theaveragevaluescouldbeprocured.5.2.2、熱電偶、熱電阻應(yīng)作導(dǎo)通和絕緣檢查，并應(yīng)進行常溫下mv、電阻測試，普通不再進行熱電性能實驗。 Conductivecontinuityandinsulationtestsshallbeundertakenandmv-potentialandresistancetestingatambienttemperatureshallbedone.Generally，thermo-electricalcharacteristictestingwillnotbeexecutedforthermometersthemselves.如業(yè)主堅持對裝置中重要檢測點和有特殊規(guī)定檢測點熱電偶、熱電阻進行熱電性能實驗，原則上不超過總量10%。Iftheclientrequirestoexecutethermo-electricalcharacteristictestingforimportantandspecificmeasuringpointsofthermocoupleandresistancetemperaturediode，theamountoftestingshouldnotexceedtenpercentofgross.熱電偶、熱電阻熱電特性容許誤差分別見表1、表2。Allowableerrorofthermocoupleandresistancecharacteristicisflowingtable1and2慣用熱電偶容許誤差表表一： AllowableerrorofgeneralthermocoupleTable1分度號graduationnumber級別class使用溫度范疇（℃）rangeofusingtemperature允許偏差（℃）allowableerror技術(shù)原則號standardcodeSⅠ0~1100±1JJG141-831100~1600±[1+(t-1100)×0.003]Ⅱ0~600±1.5600~1600±0.25%tKⅠ-40~1100±1.5℃或±0.75%tGB2614-85Ⅱ-40~1300±2.5或±0.4%tⅢ-200~40±2.5或±1.5%tEⅠ-40~800±1.5或±0.4%tGB4993-85Ⅱ-40~900±2.5或±0.75%tⅢ-200~40±2.5或±1.5%tTⅠ-40~350±0.5或±0.4%tGB2903-82Ⅱ-40~350±1.0或±0.75%tⅢ-200~40±1.0或±1.5%tJⅠ-40~750±1.5或±0.4%tGB4994-85Ⅱ-40~750±2.5或±0.75%t注：①、t為被測溫度；②、容許偏差以℃或?qū)嶋H溫度百分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)，應(yīng)采用其中計算數(shù)值較大值（分度號為S熱電偶除外）。Note：①、tistemperaturebemeasured；②、Allowableerrorisdenotebymeansof℃orpercentofpracticalityrealtemperature（exceptforthermocouplewhichgraduationnumberisS）慣用熱電阻容許誤差值A(chǔ)llowableerrorofgeneralresistance表二：table2名稱name級別class分度號R0（Ω）容許誤差（℃）allowableerror鉑熱電阻resistancemadeofplatinumA級ClassAPt1010±(0.15+0.002|t|)Pt100100±(0.15+0.002|t|)B級ClassBPt1010±(0.30+0.005|t|)Pt100100±(0.30+0.005|t|)銅熱電阻resistancemadeofcopperCu5050±(0.30+0.006|t|)Cu100100±(0.30+0.006|t|)注：①、R0為0℃時原則電阻；②、t為被測溫度；Note：①、R0isstandardresistancevalueatthetemperatureis0℃②、tisthetemperaturethatbemeasured5.2.3、動圈儀表校驗應(yīng)符合下列規(guī)定：Testofwind-movedinstrumentshouldbeaccordedwithflowingrequirementa、儀表實驗項目應(yīng)涉及：示值基本誤差、回差、傾斜誤差、設(shè)定點偏差。配熱電偶動圈儀表還應(yīng)進行“斷偶保護”實驗。Testingitemincludebasicerror，returnerror，gradienterror，settingvalueerror.Thewind-movedinstrumentmountedthermocoupleshouldbetestedthatdisconnectthermocouple.b、配熱電偶動圈校驗時，在測量回路中應(yīng)加儀表規(guī)定外阻±0.1Ω外接電阻，配熱電阻動圈儀表應(yīng)做三個外接電阻同增同減示值誤差實驗。如附加誤差很小，經(jīng)業(yè)主批準(zhǔn)可取消外接電阻，但校準(zhǔn)時從原則電阻箱到儀表連接應(yīng)選用同截面、同長度多股銅芯塑料線。Connecttheallowableresistancethatitserroris±0.1Ωintestingloopwhentestforthewind-movedinstrumentmountedthermocouple，andtestfor3times.Disconnecttheexcessresistanceapprovedbyowneriftheerrorisverysmall，butmulticopper-coreplasticwirewhichsamesectionareaandsamelengthshouldbeusedwherestandardresistanceboxtoinstrument.c、傾斜誤差實驗在上限值、下限值兩個刻度線上進行，但對有前置放大器儀表，可在量程10%、90%兩點附近進行。傾斜角度為50~100，傾斜方向為前、后、左、右四個方向，傾斜誤差規(guī)定不太于儀表容許誤差。Testofgradienterroratmin.valueandmax.value，andtestatabout10%and90%rangefortheinstrumentmountedpreamplifier.Gradientangleis50~100anddirectionisfront,behind，left，andright，theerrordon’tbiggerthanallowance.設(shè)定點偏差實驗應(yīng)在相稱于標(biāo)尺弧長10%、50%、90%附近刻度線上進行，也可以依照設(shè)計提供聯(lián)鎖、報警值實驗。設(shè)定點偏差應(yīng)不不不大于儀表容許誤差。Testofsettingvalueerroratabout10%、50%、and90%ofstaffguagearc-length，andalsoatinterlockvalueandalarmvaluethatprovidedbydesign.theerrordon’tbiggerthanallowance.5.2.4、數(shù)字溫度批示調(diào)節(jié)儀：figuretemperatureshowregulator儀表實驗項目應(yīng)涉及：批示基本誤差、穩(wěn)定度誤差、設(shè)定點誤差及PID特性實驗等。Testingitemincludebasicerror，stabilizationerror，settingvalueerrorandPIDcharacteristictestetc.批示基本誤差實驗宜采用輸入基準(zhǔn)法校準(zhǔn)，但需重復(fù)實驗兩次，取其最大差值作為被校儀表在該點誤差。Testfordisplaybasicerrorbymeansofinputbenchmarkandtakebiggervalueaserroratthevalueofthetestedinstrumentaftertestfortwotimes.儀表穩(wěn)定度實驗涉及顯示波動量和示值漂移量測定，做為評價儀表品質(zhì)參數(shù)，普通儀表顯示波動量不得不不大于其辨別力，1小時內(nèi)示值漂移量不得不不大于儀表容許誤差1/4。Testofstabilizationincludemeasurethedisplayfluctuantvalueandshowvalueexcursion.Thedisplayfluctuantvaluenotbiggerthandistinguishandshowvalueexcursionnotbiggerthan25%ofallowableerrorinonehour.帶調(diào)節(jié)功能儀表，應(yīng)在量程10%、50%、90%附近，實驗校準(zhǔn)設(shè)定點偏差及比例積分微分功能檢定，設(shè)定點偏差應(yīng)不不不大于儀表容許誤差，實際比例帶應(yīng)在刻度值±25%范疇內(nèi)，積分時間固定儀表，實際積分時間應(yīng)在（1±0.5）Ti范疇內(nèi)。積分微分時間可調(diào)儀表，實際積分微分時間與積分微分時間刻度值容許偏差為±50%。TestforsettingvalueerrorandPIDfunctionshouldatabout10%,50%,and90%ofrangewhentestforinstrumentwithadjustfunction.Thesettingvalueerrornotbiggerthanallowance，andrealproportionrangeshouldin±25%ofscale.Therealintegraltimeshouldin（1±0.5）Tirangefortheinstrumentthatintegraltimeissettled.TherealIDtimeallowableerroris±50%rangeofscalefortheinstrumentthatIDtimeisbeadjusted.5.2.5、溫度變送器：TemperatureTransmitter:a、按照儀表銘牌標(biāo)志輸入、輸出信號范疇和類型進行輸入、輸出特性校準(zhǔn)和實驗，其校準(zhǔn)接線辦法應(yīng)符合制造廠技術(shù)文獻規(guī)定。Thecalibrationandtestingofinputandoutputsignalrangesandstylesfortemperaturetransmittersshallbeexecutedaspertheinstrumentnameplatemarks.Thecalibration，testingandterminationmethodologyshallmeetvendorstechnicaldocumentations’requirements.b、與感溫元件一體化溫變校準(zhǔn)和實驗時，應(yīng)斷開感溫元件，并由此輸入模仿信號。DisconnectthesensorelementandinputanalogsignalswhentestforthesensorintegrativewithtemperatureTransmitter：5.2.6、電子電位差及電子平衡電橋：Electricalpotentiometerandelectricalbalancebridge檢查儀表可動某些，并向同步電機、可逆電機、減速箱、切換開關(guān)和各軸承注油。Inspecttheinstrumentmovabilitypart，andfillingoiltosynchronousmotor，contradictorilymotor，speed-downbox，changerswitchandbearing.給儀表通電30分鐘后，調(diào)節(jié)儀表敏捷度，致使指針擺動兩個半周期后穩(wěn)定，然后，進行刻度校準(zhǔn)實驗。Atfirst，poweroninstrumentfor30minutes，adjustdelicacyinordertomakefingertostabilizationafterfingerswingtwoandhalfcyclethenadjustscale多點儀表應(yīng)調(diào)節(jié)至數(shù)碼或顏色與切換開關(guān)和接線端子編號一致。Numbercodeorcolorsamewithnumbercodeofchangerswitchandterminalformulti-pointinstrument5.3、壓力儀表：PressureInstrumentation:5.3.1、彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)：CalibrationforSpringPressureGauge:普通彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)宜用活塞壓力計加壓，被試儀表應(yīng)與原則壓力表或原則砝碼相比較。當(dāng)使用砝碼時，應(yīng)在砝碼旋轉(zhuǎn)狀況下讀數(shù)。Generallypistonpressuretestingbenchandgaugeshallbeutilizedforcalibrationforspringpressuregauges.Thetesting，standardpressuregaugeandstandardweightsshallbecompared.Thereadingnumbersshallbeprocuredduringfreerotationstatusofstandardweights.b、校驗真空壓力表時，應(yīng)用真空泵產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓，被校表與原則真空表或原則液柱壓力計比較。Forvacuumpressuregauges，minuspressureshallbeproducedwithvacuumpump，thecalibratedgaugesshallbecomparedwiththestandardvacuumgaugeorstandardcolumnmanometer.禁油壓力表校驗時，禁止壓力表與油接觸，滿量程不大于1.6Mpa儀表校準(zhǔn)宜采用氣壓，而滿量程不不大于1.6Mpa儀表校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)加裝油、水隔離器，其構(gòu)造如圖所示：Itisprohibitthatpressuregaugestouchoilwhentestforoil-preventpressuregauges.Airpressureshouldbeprovidedwhentestforinstrumentthatfullrangelessthan1.6Mpa，Oil/waterseparatorshouldbeprovidedwhentestforinstrumentthatfullrangebiggerthan1.6Mpa，thestructureofseparatorisflowingdrawing油油水壓力計接頭視被校表連接螺紋而定接氧用表M20×1.5接活塞式壓力計200100真空壓力表壓力某些校驗點不應(yīng)少于三點，其中真空某些校驗點不少于兩點，但壓力某些測量上限值超過0.3Mpa時，真空某些可只校一點。 Thecalibrationpointsforpressurerangespanofvacuumgaugesshallnotbelessthanthreepoints，thecalibrationpointsforvacuumrangespanofvacuumgaugesshallnotbelessthantwopoints.Ifthehighlimitvaluesofpressurerangespanexceed0.3mega-pascals，onecalibrationpointcouldbetestedforvacuumrangespan.e、彈簧壓力表校準(zhǔn)過程中如需啟封調(diào)節(jié)，校準(zhǔn)合格儀表應(yīng)重新鉛封。Iftheleadsealingneedtoberemovedduringcalibrationprocessforspringpressuregauges，newleadsealingneedtobeaddedafterinstrumentationcalibrationwhichmeetrequirements.5.3.2、微壓計在指值校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先進行傾斜誤差實驗（傾斜角度為50）和機械零位調(diào)節(jié)。Tilterrortesting，fivedegreesangleofinclinationandmechanicalzeropointadjustingformicromanometersbeforedisplaycalibrationandtestingshallbeexecuted.5.3.3、電動壓力變送器（電Ⅲ型）：ElectronicPressureTransmitter(style-Ⅲ)：a、基本誤差（容許誤差），回差調(diào)校按下圖配線、配氣，并通電預(yù)熱不少于15分鐘，Calibrationandtestingforfundamentalerrorsorallowableerrorsandreturnerrorsshallbeterminated，suppliedwithair，poweredandperheadednotlessthanfifteenminutes(seefollowingdrawing).數(shù)字電壓表（0.05級）數(shù)字電壓表（0.05級）250Ω250Ω電阻0.1級壓力信號發(fā)生器手持通訊機0.25級壓力變送器24VDC24VDC電源Portable(smart)CommunicatorPortable(smart)CommunicatorPressuresignalgeneratorDigitalVoltageMeter(Class-0.05）250ΩResistance(Class-0.1)24VDCPowerSupplyPressureXTR.(Class-0.25)b基本誤差校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先調(diào)好零點和量程，然后依次做上升和下降五點校準(zhǔn)。Zeropointandspanadjustmentshallbedonebeforecalibrationforbasicerror，thenevenlyascendinganddescendingfivepointscalibrationshallbeundertakensequentially.c、智能變送器單臺儀表校準(zhǔn)實驗，當(dāng)采用模仿信號法校準(zhǔn)后，還通過手持通訊器實驗其操作功能Forcalibrationandtestingofsinglesmarttransmitter，functionaltestingwithportarblecommunicatorshallbeundertakenaftercalibrationofanalogsignalmethodd、變送器應(yīng)進行氣密性檢查，將額定工作壓力加入變送器測量室，再切斷壓力源，用壓力表觀測氣密性。在前10分鐘內(nèi)容許壓力值稍有變動，在后5分鐘內(nèi)壓力下降不得超過額定工作壓力2%Airtightnessinspectionshallbeundertaken.Firstsupplyratingpressureairintosensingandmeasuringchamberoftransmitter，thenswitchoffpressuresource，inspectairtightnessviaonepressuregauge.Withinfirsttenminutes，certainpressurefluctuationshallbeallowed，pressuredeclinationshallnotexceed2%ofratingpressurewithinfollowingfiveminutes.5.3.4、氣動壓力變送器：Airpressuretransmittera、基本誤差校準(zhǔn)前應(yīng)先調(diào)好零點和量程，然后依次做上升和下降五點校準(zhǔn)。Adjustmentofzeropointandspanshallbedonebeforecalibrationforbasicerror，thenascendinganddescendingfivepointscalibrationshallbeundertaken.b、變送器應(yīng)進行氣密性檢查，將額定工作壓力加入變送器測量室，再切斷壓力源，用壓力表觀測氣密性。在前10分鐘內(nèi)容許壓力值稍有變動，在后5分鐘內(nèi)壓力下降不得超過額定工作壓力2%Airtightnessinspectionshallbeundertaken.Firstsupplyratingpressureintosensingandmeasuringchamberoftransmitter，thenswitchoffpressuresource，inspectairtightnessviaonepressuregauge.Withinfirsttenminutes，certainpressurefluctuationshallbeallowed，pressuredeclinationshallnotexceed2%ofratingpressurewithinfollowingfiveminutes.變送器輸出信號由0~0.16Mpa，0.25級原則壓力表或0~2Mpa，0.1級數(shù)字壓力表檢測。Outputsignaloftransmittershouldbemonitoredby0~0.16Mpa，0.25classstandardpressuregaugeor0~2Mpa，0.1classfigurepressuregauge.5.3.5、壓力開關(guān)：Pressureswith依照《儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書》查出被試儀表動作整定值。Switchingsetpointsforpressureswitchesshallbecheckedasperdesignedspecificationofinstrumentation.b、選用恰當(dāng)壓力信號源向被試表加壓，并用量程恰當(dāng)原則壓力計檢測信號壓力，用萬用表測量接點通、斷狀態(tài)。Suitablepressuresignalsourceshallbeconnectedwiththetestinginstruments，thenstandardmanometerwithsuitablerangeshallbeusedtomeasuresignalpressure，itsconnectionandunconnectionstatusshallbemeasuredviamultimeter.高報開關(guān)，應(yīng)從低向高緩慢升壓，觀測萬用表，當(dāng)萬用表批示突變時，原則壓力表達(dá)值即高報值；再緩慢下降壓力。當(dāng)萬用表批示再次突變時，原則壓力表達(dá)值即復(fù)位值。Forhighlimitalarmswitches，pressureshallbeincreasedgradually，examinewithmultimeter.Whilethemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenly，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallbehighlimitalarm.Thendecreasepressuregradually，whenthemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenlyagain，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallberestorationvalue.d、對低報開關(guān)，應(yīng)先將實驗壓力升至設(shè)定值以上，再緩慢下降，當(dāng)萬用表批示突變時，原則壓力表達(dá)值即低報值；再緩慢加壓，當(dāng)萬用表批示再次突變時，原則壓力表達(dá)值即復(fù)位值Forlowlimitalarmswitches，pressureshallbeincreasedgraduallyabovesetpointvalue,thendecreaseslowlyandexaminewithmultimeter.Whilethemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenly，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallbelowlimitalarm.Thenincreasepressuregradually，whenthemultimeter’sindicationschangesuddenlyagain，theexactindicationvaluesofstandardmultimetershallberestorationvalue.5.4、流量儀表：FlowInstrumentation:5.4.1、差壓變送器：DifferentialPressureTransmitter:儀表差壓范疇?wèi)?yīng)以《孔板計算書》為準(zhǔn)。ThedifferentialpressurerangeforinstrumentshallbeverifiedasperOrificeCalculationSheet.校準(zhǔn)實驗項目含基本誤差、回程誤差和測量室密封檢查。Standardcalibrationitemsshallincludebasicerrors，returnerrorsandsealinginspectionofsensingchambers.校準(zhǔn)辦法，電動差壓變送器同電動壓力變送器，氣動差壓變送器同氣動壓力變送器。Calibrationmethodshallbeasfollows：electronicdifferentialpressuretransmitterssameaselectronicpressuretransmitters，pneumaticdifferentialpressuretransmitterssameaspneumaticpressuretransmitters.5.4.2、轉(zhuǎn)子流量計、電磁流量計、質(zhì)量流量計、超聲流量計、渦街流量計、靶式流量計、均速管流量計和容積流量計等應(yīng)核定出廠檢定報告和出廠合格證。當(dāng)合格證和檢定報告在有效期內(nèi)時，可不再進行精度校準(zhǔn)，但應(yīng)通電或通氣檢查各部件工作與否正常。Forotherflowinstrumentslikefloatflow-meters，electronicflow-meters，massflow-meters，supersonicflow-meters，turbine&vortexflow-meters，targetflow-meters，annubarflow-meters，displacementflow-meters，etc.，thefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformitypreparedbyvendorsshallbeverified.Ifthefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformityarestillintheperiodofvalidity，accuracycalibrationcouldbeleaveoutwhilepoweringandpneumaticinspectionshallbeundertaken.帶遠(yuǎn)傳功能，應(yīng)做模仿實驗。當(dāng)合格證及出廠檢定報告超過有效期時，應(yīng)重新進行計量標(biāo)定，但依照關(guān)于文獻規(guī)定，標(biāo)定工作應(yīng)由業(yè)主負(fù)責(zé)，施工單位予以配合。Analogtestingforinstrumentswithremotefunctionsshallbeundertaken.Oncethefactorycalibrationandinspectionreportsandthecertificatesofconformityarebeyondtheperiodofvalidity，theseflowinstrumentsshallberecalibratedandretested.Asperassociatedtradestipulationsandregulationsofdocuments，thispartofworksshallberesponsiblebytheclient，assistantbythesubcontractor.5.5、物位儀表：LevelInstrumentation:5.5.1、單、雙法差壓變送器校準(zhǔn)：CalibrationandtestingforsingleordualflangetypeDPtransmitters校驗辦法、項目基本同壓力、差壓變送器，此外尚需考慮ThecalibrationandtestingmethodologyanditemsforsingleordualflangetypeDPtransmittersareassameasthoseofpressuretransmittersandDPtransmitters.Inaddition，followingitemsshallbetakeintoconsideration:ⅰ、依照《儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書》認(rèn)真核算變送器量程；TherangesoftransmittersshallbecalculatedandverifiedasperSpecificationSheetofInstrumentation.ⅱ、制作校驗用輔助設(shè)施；Manufacturingauxiliarydevicesforcalibrationandtesting.ⅲ、考慮遷移并計算遷移量。Consideringrangeshiftandcalculatingshiftingvalues.電動法蘭差壓變送器校準(zhǔn)可按下圖連接。校準(zhǔn)時可把“+”、“-”壓法蘭置同一平面，也可以模仿現(xiàn)場安裝把“-”法蘭升高到與“+”法蘭設(shè)計高差。前者應(yīng)在“+”壓側(cè)加負(fù)遷移信號后調(diào)零，而后者可直接調(diào)零。Thecalibrationandtestingplanshallbeasfollowingprograms：the+flangeand–flangecouldbeplacedatthesameelevationorplacedatcertainelevationsimulatingworksiteinstallationconditionsthroughraising+flangetodesignedelecation，zeropointcalibrationshallbeexecutedafterminusshiftingsignalsareaddedto+flanges，whileforlatterconditionszeropointcouldbeadjusteddirectly.壓力信號發(fā)生器（0壓力信號發(fā)生器（0.05級）-+250Ω原則電阻0.1級24VDC電源變送器變送器法蘭精密數(shù)字電壓表（0.25級）自備校驗用法蘭--+PressureSignalGenerator(0.05）PrecisionDigitalVoltageMeter（Class-0.1）250Ωstandardresistance(C-0.1）24VDCPowerDPTransmitterXTR.FlangeMatingFlange5.5.2、浮筒液位變送器：a、內(nèi)浮筒液位計宜采用干校法（掛重法）校準(zhǔn)，即將液面所處位置如0%、25%、75%、100%浮子自身重量減其所受浮力之差值，G1、G2、G3、G4、G5掛在浮筒變送器連桿上，然后對輸出進行調(diào)節(jié)。Drycalibrationorhangingweightscalibrationmethodshallbeutilizedforcalibrationandtestingworksforinteriordisplacerleveltransmitters.TheoutputofTransmittersshallbeadjustedthroughrespectivelyhangingweightsofG1，G2，G3，G4，G5whicharecalculatedaspertheirdifferencesbetweenweightsandbuoyancyforcescorrespondingtotheheightsofdisplacerof0%，25%，50%，75%，100%.外浮筒液位（界位）計宜采用灌液法（水校法），其校準(zhǔn)采用如圖所示辦法。 Hydrauliccalibrationorpouringliquidcalibrationmethodshallbeutilizedforcalibrationandtestingworksforexteriordisplacerleveltransmitters.ccaabpefHa.手操壓力泵（西安儀表廠產(chǎn)）；b.密閉小容器（自己制作）c.容器加水口（3/4”NPT絲堵）d.浮筒變送器e.透明軟管液位批示計f.1/4”球閥用手操壓力泵或氣動定值器給密閉容器加壓，由于P存在使水經(jīng)球閥上升浮筒內(nèi)H高度，緩慢加壓泄壓，便可控制H值高度。a.Pressurepumpoperatedbymanual（providedbyxi’aninstrumentfactory）；b.sealedsmallvesselc.fillwater（3/4”NPTthreadblock）d.floattransmitterse.transparentflexibletubelevelindicatorf.1/4”ballvalue用手操壓力泵或氣動定值器給密閉容器加壓，由于P存在使水經(jīng)球閥上升浮筒內(nèi)H高度，緩慢加壓泄壓，便可控制H值高度。Inputairtosealedvesselbypressurepumpoperatedbymanualorpneumaticsetvaluedevice，DuetohaspressureinvesselsothatcontrolhighofH.采用水代替設(shè)計介質(zhì)校準(zhǔn)浮筒液位計時，灌液高度計算公式是：h=(P介/P水)×H×XWhenusingwaterascalibrationmediafordisplacerliquidleveltransmitters，thecalculationformularforheightofwatershallbe:h=(ρm/ρwater)×H×X采用水代替設(shè)計介質(zhì)校準(zhǔn)浮筒界位計時，灌液高度計算工時：h=P輕/P水*H+(P重-P輕)/P水*H*XWhenusingwaterascalibrationmediaasreplacementfordisplacermassboundaryleveltransmitters，thecalculationformularforheightofwatershallbe:h=ρl/ρwater*H+(ρh-ρl)/ρwater*H*X式中：h為被?？潭裙嘁焊叨龋籜為被?？潭缺壤?；hshallbetheheightoffillingwater，Xshallbethepercentageofcalculatedscale.P介為設(shè)計介質(zhì)介質(zhì)密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書可得）；ρmshallbethedensityofprocessmediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.P水為水密度（1000kg/m3）ρwatershallbethedensityofwater(1000kg/m3).H為浮筒最高液位；Hshallbehighestlevelofdisplacer.P重為設(shè)計重液密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書可得）；ρhshallbethedensityofheavymediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.P輕為設(shè)計輕液密度（查儀表設(shè)備規(guī)格書可得）；ρlshallbethedensityoflightmediafromSpecificationofInstrumentation.5.5.3、浮球式液位變送器：Floatballleveltransmittersa、氣割一片可與儀表法蘭連接簡易特制法蘭，將其焊接在預(yù)制平臺一角，模仿安裝被校儀表，并向儀表供電（氣），此時儀表應(yīng)指“零”，否則應(yīng)調(diào)“零”。Makeafacilityflangethatconnectwithflangeofinstrument，andjointatcornerofpre-makeplatroofandsimulateinstalltestedinstrument，supplyairorpowertoinstrumentandindicatorofinstrumentshouldbe”zero”b、平緩操作平衡桿使浮球上移，當(dāng)平衡桿處在水平狀態(tài)時，儀表輸出應(yīng)為50%，否則應(yīng)調(diào)量程。Operatethebalancingpoleslowlyandmakefloatballmovedgoup，outputofinstrumentis50%whenthebalancingpoleathorizontalposition，otherwiserangeshouldbeadjusted.c、如此重復(fù)實驗，直至示值誤差符合容許誤差規(guī)定。Testfortimesuntiltheindicatevalueerrorshouldbeaccordedwithallowance.d、平衡桿由水平位置再繼續(xù)上移，輸出信號應(yīng)均勻上升，當(dāng)輸出信號達(dá)100%時，測量由平衡桿移動角度應(yīng)為11.50。Movethebalancingpolefromhorizontalpositionsothatmaketheoutputsignalriseuniformity，theanglethatbalancingpolemoveis11.50whentheoutputsignalis100%.e、檢查平衡桿與浮球連接必要緊固，無松動，防松配件齊全。Theconnectionofbalancingpoleandfloatballmusttighten，andloose-prooffittingsiswhole.5.5.4、貯罐液位計、料面計，現(xiàn)場不具備單臺校準(zhǔn)條件，因而，在安裝邁進行外觀檢查外，還應(yīng)通電檢查批示和變送某些，確認(rèn)其基本功能與否完好。Onjobsitetheconditionsfortankgaugesandlevelgaugescannotmeetthecalibrationrequirements，butappearanceinspection，poweringinspectionshallbeexecutedforindicationfunctionandtransmitterpartstoascertainwellfunctionofinstruments.5.5.5、放射性同位素液位計校準(zhǔn)見《放射性同位素液位計校準(zhǔn)、安裝方案》，此不再敘。CalibrationandtestingforradioisotopelevelgaugespleaserefertotheCalibrationandInstallationSchemeforRadioisotopeLevelGaugesfordetails.5.5.6、超聲波物位計校準(zhǔn)時，通電后液晶顯示板及狀態(tài)批示燈工作應(yīng)正常，參數(shù)設(shè)立開關(guān)應(yīng)符合工藝測量規(guī)定。Forcalibrationofsupersoniclevelgauges，LEDorliquid-crystaldisplayandindicationlightsshallfunctionnormally.Thesettingparametersforswitchesshallmeetprocessrequirements.5.5.7、浮球式液位開關(guān)安裝前校準(zhǔn)，應(yīng)用手平緩操作浮球，使其上、下移動，觀測微動開關(guān)動作，并用萬用表監(jiān)測接點通斷。Forcalibrationoffloattypelevelswitchesbeforeinstallation，thefloatsshal