湖北省十堰市2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

十堰市2023—2024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末調(diào)研考試題高二英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?A.Gotothehospital.B.Returnsomebooks.C.Buysomemagazines.2.Onwhichdaydoesthewomanliketogotothezoo?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.3.WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inacollege.B.Inahospital.C.Inadrugstore.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At1:00pm.B.At1:30pm.C.At2:30pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Thebookisboring.B.Themanneedstofinishthebook.C.Themanshouldcheckwithhisprofessor.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hestudiedalot.B.Hejoinedaclub.C.Hewentcamping.7.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Toearnmoney.B.Tomakefriends.C.Toplaysportsinside.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.C.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Teachageographylesson.C.Takeabooktoherfriend.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InBoston.B.InMemphis.C.InNewOrleans.11.Whatdoestheboythinkofskiinginthefrontyard?A.Itisunsafe.B.Itispopular.C.Itisuninteresting.12.Howdoesthegirlknowsomuchaboutthesnow?A.Shegrewupinacoldarea.B.Shelearnedaboutitfromhermother.C.Shespenteverywinterinthemountains.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?AAdoctor.B.Astudent.C.Ateacher.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Goingshopping.C.Makingasurvey.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About50.B.About40.C.About14.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingperweek?A.Reading.B.Talkingtofriends.C.Talkingtothefamily.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance.B.Paintingpictures.C.Playingoutdoors.18.WhatdidJohndosoonafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hedidbusiness.B.Hestudiedbiology.C.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohninitiallygohunting?A.Forfood.B.Formoney.C.Forpleasure.20.WhatarethemainobjectsofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds.B.Familymembers.C.Humanbehaviors.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyoudreamaboutworkingandmeanwhiletravellingindifferentcountries,we’vemadealistofjobsthatallowyoutotouraroundtheglobewhileearningsomemoney!ATravelNurseIfyou’reinthemedicalfield,becomingatravelnurseisagoodoption.Atravelnurseinworldwidedemandiswellpaid,somedicalprofessionalscanwearuniformsonanycontinent.Thenursingassignmentsvaryinthelengthofworkingtime.Youcanenjoyaccommodationpaymentandinsurancebenefits,butyouhavetoworkinthehigh-stressenvironment.AWaiterAwaiterabroadisapopularchoiceforyoungtravelersbecausesomerestaurantsdon’trequiremuchpreciousexperienceorqualifications,buttheydonothaveaccesstohighhealthinsurance.Manypeopledoserviceworkforawhiletoearnenoughmoneytotravelabroadfortherestoftheyear.It’sOKforthosewithoutfamilytodealwithcustomersatnight,buttheycan’tgethighwages.AnEnglishTeacherEnglishisoneoftheworld’smostspokenlanguages,sothereisalwaysademandforpeoplewhocanteachit.BeinganEnglishteacherabroadoftenrequiresaTEFL(TeachingEnglishasaForeignLanguage)certification.Therearesomepopulardestinationsforprospectiveteachers.However,asteachersabroad,especiallypart-timeteachers,theirsalariesarenothigh.AnOilIndustryWorkerOilindustryisoneofthehighestpayingfieldsforbothskilledandunskilledworkers,withplentyofopportunitiestotravelwhethertheyfulfillapositioninexplorationorproduction.Youcanbearesearcheroranengineerondeepseadrillingrigs(鉆塔).Thejobiswellpaid,andyoucanhelpcompaniesdolessharmtothesea.1.Whatshouldtravelnursesdo?A.Assignnursingtasks. B.GetaTEFLcertification.C.Payfortheirownaccommodation. D.Developagoodanti-pressureability.2.What’sthecommonfeatureofworkingasawaiterandanEnglishteacherintraveling?A.Thelowpay. B.Theprospectivecareergrowth.C.Largehealthinsurancebenefits. D.Professionaltrainingopportunities.3.Whichjobisbestsuitedtoatravellerwantingtocontributetotheenvironment?A.Atravelnurse. B.Awaiter.C.AnEnglishteacher. D.Anoilindustryworker.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四種可以在環(huán)游世界時(shí)賺錢的工作。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youcanenjoyaccommodationpaymentandinsurancebenefits,butyouhavetoworkinthehigh-stressenvironment.(你可以享受住宿費(fèi)和保險(xiǎn)福利，但你必須在高壓力的環(huán)境中工作)”可知，旅行護(hù)士應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)良好的抗壓能力。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“It’sOKforthosewithoutfamilytodealwithcustomersatnight,buttheycan’tgethighwages.(對(duì)于那些沒有家人的人來(lái)說(shuō)，晚上接待顧客是可以的，但他們拿不到高工資)”以及第四段“However,asteachersabroad,especiallypart-timeteachers,theirsalariesarenothigh.(然而，作為國(guó)外的教師，尤其是兼職教師，他們的工資并不高)”可知，旅行中當(dāng)服務(wù)員和當(dāng)英語(yǔ)老師的共同特點(diǎn)是工資低。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thejobiswellpaid,andyoucanhelpcompaniesdolessharmtothesea.(這份工作薪水很高，而且你可以幫助公司減少對(duì)海洋的危害)”可知，石油工業(yè)工人最適合想要為環(huán)境做貢獻(xiàn)的旅行者。故選D。BSarahwasnotanearlyriser.Butwhatmadetheannoyingearlymorninghoursbearablewasthecomfortingsmelloffreshcoffeefloatingintheair.Herfavoritecoffeeshopwasjustafewminutesawayfromherapartment.Onesunnymorning,Sarahrushedtogetdressed.Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.Shegrabbedhercarkey,dashedoutofthedoorandmadeherwaytoherfamiliarcoffeeshopasusual.Asshejoinedthelineofcarsatthedrive-through,thesmellofroastedcoffeebeansandthethoughtofthefirsttasteofcoffeewereherlittledailyluxury.Thelineinchedforward,andsoon,Sarahfoundherselfatthedrive-throughwindow.Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.Assheexitedthedrive-through,Sarahglancedinherrearviewmirror(后視鏡)atthenextcarapproachingthecoffeeshopwindow.Anideabegantocomeintohermind.Maybeshecoulddothesameandbrightensomeoneelse’smorning.Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”Theassistantsmiledandnoddedagain.AsSaraheventuallyleftthecoffeeshop,Sarahcouldn’thelpbutwonderhowthenextdriverwouldreact.AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutSarahfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Sheledalifeofluxury. B.Sheusedtogetupearly.C.Shewasnervousabouttheinterview. D.Shewasnewtothecoffeeshop.5.WhydidSarahgobacktothecoffeeshop?A.Tofindoutwhopaidforhercoffee. B.Toorderherselfanothercupofcoffee.C.Toseewhatwasexactlyhappeningthere. D.Tobuycoffeeforthedriverbehindher.6.HowdidSarahfeelwhenshefinallyleftthecoffeeshop?A.Ambitious. B.Content. C.Awkward. D.Suspicious.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Achainofcoffeeshops. B.Anunforgettableinterview.C.Thekindnessfromanassistant. D.Thepowerofpayingitforward.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了莎拉某天早上去面試路上去一家咖啡店買咖啡，結(jié)果付錢的時(shí)候被告知咖啡被前面的人付過(guò)了，莎拉十分驚訝和感激，于是也為后面的司機(jī)付了咖啡錢。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Havingajobinterview,shefeltanxious,afraidtobelate.(有一個(gè)工作面試，她感到焦慮，害怕遲到)”可知，莎拉對(duì)面試很緊張。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Shedecidedtoreturntothecoffeeshop.Inside,sheapproachedthecashierandsaid,“I’dliketopayforthecoffeeofthepersoninthecarbehindme.”(她決定回到咖啡店。進(jìn)去后，她走近收銀員說(shuō)：“我想為我后面那輛車?yán)锏娜速I咖啡?！?”可知，莎拉回到咖啡店是為了給后面的司機(jī)買咖啡。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AwaveofsatisfactionwashedoverSarahasshewitnessedthecontinuationofthecoffeechain.(當(dāng)薩拉看到咖啡連鎖店人們繼續(xù)排隊(duì)時(shí)，一陣滿意的情緒涌上心頭。)”可知，當(dāng)莎拉最終離開咖啡店時(shí)，她感到滿足。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Shereachedforherpursetopay,butbeforeshecouldhandoverhercreditcard,thecoffeeshopassistantsmiledandsaid,“Yourcoffeehasbeencoveredbythecaraheadofyou.”Sarahwastakenaback.“Really?”sheasked,feelingastonishedandgrateful.Theassistantnodded.Theunexpectedactofkindnessputasmileonherface,makingherupcominginterviewfeelalittlerelaxing.(她伸手去掏錢包準(zhǔn)備付款，但還沒等她把信用卡遞給店員，店員就笑著說(shuō)：“你的咖啡已經(jīng)被前面那輛車付了。”薩拉吃了一驚?！罢娴膯幔俊彼龁?wèn)，既驚訝又感激。店員點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭。這一意想不到的善舉讓她臉上露出了笑容，讓她覺得即將到來(lái)的面試有點(diǎn)放松。)”以及最后一段“Sheknewshehadjustinitiatedachainofgenerosityandkindness.(她知道她剛剛開啟了慷慨和善良的鏈條。)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了莎拉某天早上去面試路上去一家咖啡店買咖啡，結(jié)果付錢的時(shí)候被告知咖啡被前面的人付過(guò)了，莎拉十分驚訝和感激，于是也為后面的司機(jī)付了咖啡錢?？芍@篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是傳遞愛的力量。故選D。CAnewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行動(dòng)物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinction,whichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.Thelargesteveranalysisofthestateoftheworld’sreptiles,publishedinNature,hasshowedthat21%ofthereptilespeciesarefacingextinction.Thestudysaysfromlizardstosnakes,suchalosscouldhavedisastrousimpactsonecosystemsaroundtheworld.Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.“Ifweremovedreptiles,itcouldchangeecosystemsfundamentally,withunfortunateknock-oneffects,suchasincreasesinpestinsects,”saidNeilCox,co-leaderofthestudy.“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.”O(jiān)urhopeisthatthisfirst-everassessmentoftheworld’s10,000-plusreptileshelpsputtheminthespotlightandgoessomewaytohighlightingthisdiversity,andjusthowmuchwehavetolose.Aswellascontrollingrats,mosquitoesandotherpests,reptilesdelivermanyotherbenefits.“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments,”saidresearcherHoffmann.“We’vealsoachievedmanymedicaladvancesfromstudiesofreptiles.”Theresultsofthestudyarenotalldoomandgloom.Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(兩棲動(dòng)物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.8Whichisthemainconcernraisedbythenewstudy?A.Theoverpopulationofreptiles. B.Thelossofreptiles.C.Thesharpincreaseinreptilespecies. D.Thedisastrousinfluenceofreptilesonnature.9.Howmanyfactorscausingtheextinctionofspeciesarementionedinparagraph3?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.10.WhatdidNeilCoxandHoffmannbothsayaboutreptiles?A.Theirbenefits. B.Theirhabitats.C.Theirlivinghabits. D.Theirhealthproblems.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“doomandgloom”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Disappointing. B.Odd. C.Satisfactory. D.Amazing.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)新的研究警告說(shuō)，超過(guò)五分之一的爬行動(dòng)物物種面臨滅絕的威脅，這可能對(duì)地球產(chǎn)生不良影響。文章介紹了導(dǎo)致爬行動(dòng)物滅絕的因素以及爬行動(dòng)物的益處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Anewstudywarnsthatmorethanafifthofallreptile(爬行動(dòng)物)speciesarethreatenedwithextinction,whichmayhaveabadimpactontheplanet.(一項(xiàng)新的研究警告說(shuō)，超過(guò)五分之一的爬行動(dòng)物物種面臨滅絕的威脅，這可能對(duì)地球產(chǎn)生不良影響。)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究提出的主要擔(dān)憂是爬蟲類動(dòng)物的消失。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Althoughmanyreptilesliveindryenvironmentssuchasdeserts,mostspeciesoccurinforests,wheretheysufferfromthreatssuchasloggingoflandforagriculture.30%oftheforest-dwellingreptilesareatriskofextinction,comparedwith14%indryhabitats.Huntingisalsoamajorthreattoreptiles,especiallyturtlesandcrocodiles,manyofwhichareatriskofextinction.Anothermajorcontributingfactoristheintroductionofinvasivespecies.(雖然許多爬行動(dòng)物生活在沙漠等干燥環(huán)境中，但大多數(shù)物種生活在森林中，在那里它們受到諸如農(nóng)業(yè)用地砍伐等威脅。30%的森林爬行動(dòng)物面臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)，而干旱棲息地的這一比例為14%。狩獵也是爬行動(dòng)物的主要威脅，尤其是海龜和鱷魚，其中許多都有滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。另一個(gè)主要因素是入侵物種的引入。)”可知，第3段提到了三個(gè)導(dǎo)致物種滅絕的因素。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Biodiversity,includingreptiles,supportstheecosystemservicesthatprovideahealthyenvironmentforpeople.(包括爬行動(dòng)物在內(nèi)的生物多樣性支持為人類提供健康環(huán)境的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)。)”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Theyhelpspreadseeds,especiallyinislandenvironments(它們有助于傳播種子，尤其是在島嶼環(huán)境中)”可知，尼爾·考克斯和霍夫曼提到了爬行動(dòng)物的益處。故選A。【11題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“Scientistshavefound,surprisingly,thatiftheysetouttoprotectplaceswherethreatenedbirds,mammalsandamphibians(兩棲動(dòng)物)livetogether,they’llmeanwhileprotectmanymorethreatenedreptiles.(令人驚訝的是，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果他們開始保護(hù)受威脅的鳥類、哺乳動(dòng)物和兩棲動(dòng)物共同生活的地方，他們同時(shí)也會(huì)保護(hù)更多受威脅的爬行動(dòng)物。)”可知，后文提到了更多受威脅的爬行動(dòng)物會(huì)受到保護(hù)，說(shuō)明這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果并不都是令人失望的。故劃線詞意思是“令人失望的”。故選A。DInMarch,2023,agroupofcomputerscientistspublishedanassessmentofanewchatbotwithartificialintelligence(AI).Theteam’sreportdrewglobalattentiontoonetestinparticular:Wehaveabook,nineeggs,alaptop,abottleandanail,andpleasetellmehowtopilethemontoeachotherinastablemanner.Thisisatoughpuzzle.Earlierversionsofthechatbotgavesillyandunreasonableanswers.Butthenewchatbot’suniqueanswerhelpedsetoffthecurrentglobalwaveofAIadvocacyandanxiety.Itfueleddebateabouthowlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)wereabletoperformcreativetasks.By2022,LLMswerebeingtrainedonasmanyas17trillionwordsofhuman-generatedtext,mainlyfromtheInternet.Itwascertainthatthenewchatbotwasexposedtofunctionalfixedness(功能固著)problemsinitstraining.Theresearcherswereofcourseawareofthatandinventedthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzletopreventthenewchatbotfromdishonestlycopyingananswerfromtheInternet.LLMsusedlanguagestatisticsonly.Noonehadsaidhowtopilethesenineeggsontopofeachothereverbefore.TheextremerarityofthosewordswouldtendtopreventLLMsfromtalkingaboutpilingeggsinunrealisticways.Oneoftheresearchersthattestedthenewchatbotthinksit’slikelythatanLLMtrainedontrillionsofwordscreatesaworldmodel,andthisiswhatgivesitthe“magical”extrapolation(外推)properties.AreLLMstrulyoriginaloraretheyjustplagiarists(剽竊者)?Thetwostatementsmaynotbeasdifferentastheyseem.There’snothingentirelynewunderthesun.Edisondidnotinventthelightbulbbutimprovedit.Mostso-calledcreatorsapplyknowledgefromdifferentfieldstoaproblemandarriveatasolution.It’smoreamatterofmakingrelevantconnectionsthanofinventingsomethingcompletelynew.IfLLMsareindeedacquiringtheabilitytomakerelevantconnections,thatwouldbeahistoricbutdiscomfortingdevelopment.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewchatbot’sanswertothepuzzleinparagraph1?A.Itwassilly. B.Itsetpeoplethinking.C.Itdrewlittleattention. D.Ithighlightedlanguageinnovation.13.Whydidtheresearchersinventthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzle?A.Tocopyonlineanswers. B.Tostopthechatbotcheating.C.Totrainhumanstouselanguage. D.Toexposethechatbottofunctionalproblems.14.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Howaninventioncameintobeing. B.HowEdisonbecamesuccessfulinhistory.C.WhyEdisoninventedsomethingentirelynew. D.Whyaninventionrequiredeffortandopportunity.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WillRobotsReplaceHumans? B.CanRobotsDevelopSmoothly?C.CanAIComeUpWithAnythingOriginal? D.WillAISolveMagicalAndDifficultProblems?【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一群計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家通過(guò)一個(gè)“雞蛋和筆記本”的問(wèn)題，來(lái)測(cè)試新聊天機(jī)器人是否可以進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butthenewchatbot’suniqueanswerhelpedsetoffthecurrentglobalwaveofAIadvocacyandanxiety.Itfueleddebateabouthowlargelanguagemodels(LLMs)wereabletoperformcreativetasks.(但這款新型聊天機(jī)器人的獨(dú)特回答，在一定程度上引發(fā)了當(dāng)前全球?qū)θ斯ぶ悄艿某珜?dǎo)和焦慮。它引發(fā)了關(guān)于大型語(yǔ)言模型（LLMs）如何能夠執(zhí)行創(chuàng)造性任務(wù)的爭(zhēng)論)”可知，新聊天機(jī)器人對(duì)謎題的答案引起人們思考。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearcherswereofcourseawareofthatandinventedthe“eggsandlaptop”puzzletopreventthenewchatbotfromdishonestlycopyingananswerfromtheInternet.(研究人員當(dāng)然意識(shí)到了這一點(diǎn)，并發(fā)明了“雞蛋和筆記本電腦”難題，以防止新的聊天機(jī)器人不誠(chéng)實(shí)地從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上復(fù)制答案)”可知，研究人員要發(fā)明“雞蛋和筆記本電腦”的謎題是為了阻止聊天機(jī)器人作弊。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“There’snothingentirelynewunderthesun.Edisondidnotinventthelightbulbbutimprovedit.Mostso-calledcreatorsapplyknowledgefromdifferentfieldstoaproblemandarriveatasolution.It’smoreamatterofmakingrelevantconnectionsthanofinventingsomethingcompletelynew.IfLLMsareindeedacquiringtheabilitytomakerelevantconnections,thatwouldbeahistoricbutdiscomfortingdevelopment.(太陽(yáng)底下沒有什么是全新的。愛迪生沒有發(fā)明電燈泡，而是改進(jìn)了它。大多數(shù)所謂的創(chuàng)造者將不同領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)應(yīng)用于一個(gè)問(wèn)題，并得出解決方案。更重要的是建立相關(guān)的聯(lián)系，而不是發(fā)明全新的東西。如果LLMs確實(shí)獲得了建立相關(guān)聯(lián)系的能力，那將是一個(gè)具有歷史意義但令人不安的發(fā)展)”可知，作者在最后一段想表達(dá)一項(xiàng)發(fā)明是如何產(chǎn)生的。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“AreLLMstrulyoriginaloraretheyjustplagiarists(剽竊者)?Thetwostatementsmaynotbeasdifferentastheyseem.(LLMs是真正的原創(chuàng)者還是只是剽竊者？這兩種說(shuō)法可能并不像看上去那么不同)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了一群計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家通過(guò)一個(gè)“雞蛋和筆記本”的問(wèn)題，來(lái)測(cè)試新聊天機(jī)器人是否可以進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。可知，C選項(xiàng)“人工智能能創(chuàng)造出原創(chuàng)的東西嗎？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WaystoHaveanEco-friendlyNewYearNewYearisatimeofgreatjoy,butitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Itisimportanttohaveaneco-friendlyNewYear.DoyouwanttodosomethingtohelpprotecttheplanetintheNewYear?____16____Wrapgiftsinaneco-friendlyway.Itisappealingtowrapgiftsinshinywrappingpaper.____17____Youcanwrapgiftsinbeautifulsquareclothsthatcanbeusedagainandagain.Useribbonstotiethemtogether.Goastepfurtherbymakingyourowngiftbagswhichcanbereusedthroughouttheyears.____18____Yourlovedoneswouldratherspendmoretimewithyouthanhavemorestuff.Youcaneitherbookanexperiencetogetherorshareaskillwhichyouhavewiththem.Eatablepresentsarealsofuntomake.Notonlywillyoucreatenewmemoriesandhavesomethingtolookforwardtointhenewyearbutyouwillalsoavoidgivingthemstufftheydon’twant.Makehome-madedecorations.Spendingtimemakingdecorationswithfriendsandfamilyisagreatactivityincolddays.Yourhomewillbecomebeautifulwithhome-madepaperstarsmadeoutofoldnewspapers.Andstickingpapercutstowindowswillbeimpressive.Also,trytouseacookiecuttertocutoutanythingyouwant,starsorevendeer.____19____Avoidfoodwaste.Planmealsaheadandthinkaboutwhatyouwilldowithleftovers.____20____Whynotdoityourself,makeyourownfoodtraditionstosuityourtastesandmakesurethatnofoodgoestowaste?A.Justletyourimaginationrunwild.B.Givegiftsthatmakenewmemories.C.Youwantyourlovedonestosendgiftstoyou.D.Butitisnon-recyclableandgoesstraighttowaste.E.Hereishowtocutbackonunnecessarypurchases.F.Andifnoonelikessomething,thereisnoneedtobuyit.G.Buyasmuchasyoucanincasealargenumberofguestsarrive.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了環(huán)保地過(guò)新年的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“NewYearisatimeofgreatjoy,butitcanalsoleadtoover-consumption.Itisimportanttohaveaneco-friendlyNewYear.DoyouwanttodosomethingtohelpprotecttheplanetintheNewYear?(新年是一個(gè)充滿歡樂的時(shí)刻，但它也可能導(dǎo)致過(guò)度消費(fèi)。過(guò)一個(gè)環(huán)保的新年很重要。在新的一年里，你想做些什么來(lái)幫助保護(hù)地球嗎？)”以及后文主要介紹了環(huán)保地過(guò)新年的方法，故E選項(xiàng)“以下是如何減少不必要的購(gòu)買”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wrapgiftsinaneco-friendlyway.Itisappealingtowrapgiftsinshinywrappingpaper.(用環(huán)保方式包裝禮物。用閃亮的包裝紙包裝禮物很吸引人)”以及后文“Youcanwrapgiftsinbeautifulsquareclothsthatcanbeusedagainandagain.(你可以用漂亮的方形布包裝禮物，這樣可以反復(fù)使用)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出包裝紙的缺點(diǎn)，故D選項(xiàng)“但是它是不可回收的，直接被浪費(fèi)了”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。【18題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Yourlovedoneswouldratherspendmoretimewithyouthanhavemorestuff.Youcaneitherbookanexperiencetogetherorshareaskillwhichyouhavewiththem.Eatablepresentsarealsofuntomake.Notonlywillyoucreatenewmemoriesandhavesomethingtolookforwardtointhenewyear,butyouwillalsoavoidgivingthemstufftheydon’twant.(你愛的人寧愿花更多的時(shí)間和你在一起，而不是擁有更多的東西。你可以和他們一起體驗(yàn)，也可以和他們分享你的技能?？墒秤玫亩Y物制作起來(lái)也很有趣。你不僅能創(chuàng)造新的回憶，在新的一年里有盼頭，而且還能避免給他們不想要的東西)”可知，后文提到了創(chuàng)造新的回憶，可知是建議送能制造回憶的禮物。故B選項(xiàng)“送能制造新記憶的禮物”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Makehome-madedecorations.Spendingtimemakingdecorationswithfriendsandfamilyisagreatactivityincolddays.Yourhomewillbecomebeautifulwithhome-madepaperstarsmadeoutofoldnewspapers.Andstickingpapercutstowindowswillbeimpressive.Also,trytouseacookiecuttertocutoutanythingyouwant,starsorevendeer.(自制裝飾品。在寒冷的日子里，花時(shí)間和朋友和家人一起裝飾是一件很棒的事情。用舊報(bào)紙自制的紙星星會(huì)讓你的家變得美麗。在窗戶上貼剪紙會(huì)讓人印象深刻。此外，試著用餅干切割器切出任何你想要的東西，星星甚至鹿)”可知，上文建議用餅干切割器切出任何你想要的東西，星星甚至鹿，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文說(shuō)明這一做法的要求。故A選項(xiàng)“讓你的想象力盡情發(fā)揮吧”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Avoidfoodwaste.Planmealsaheadandthinkaboutwhatyouwilldowithleftovers.(避免食物浪費(fèi)。提前計(jì)劃好每頓飯，想想怎么處理剩飯剩菜)”可知，本句主要說(shuō)明如何應(yīng)對(duì)剩菜剩飯問(wèn)題。故F選項(xiàng)“如果沒有人喜歡某樣?xùn)|西，就沒有必要買”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Igotadegreeineducationandhadaninternship(實(shí)習(xí))inaprimaryschool.SoIthoughtIwas____21____tobeateacher,andIfeltIwasreadyformyfirstrealjob—teachingpupils.Inthebeginning,I____22____mylessonobjectivesandplans.ThenIbrokedown____23____ideasintosimpleconceptsthatpupilscouldunderstand.Butitturnedouttobea____24____whenIwentintotheclassroom.Icouldn’tkeeptheclass____25____.Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.Allstudentsrushedoutofthedoorimmediatelythebellrang.I____26____mystudentsdidn’tlikeme.IeventhoughtIdidn’thavethe____27____todothejob.However,Ihadnoregretsandcomplaints.Idecidedtoimprovemyteachingability.Ishouldlearnfromthemost____28____teacherIknew-Alice.Shewassospecialthatherstudentslovedherverymuch.Shewasenergeticandbrightlike____29____intheirlives.Theywould____30____herinthehall,givingherhugsandbows.Oneday,Iwasluckytolistenand____31____forawhileinAlice’sclass.Iwaswatchinghercarefully.Whata____32____!Ispentalmostthewholeclassteaching,whileshesetasidemoretimeforherstudentstoparticipateintheclass.“Students’interest____33____most.Theiractiveparticipationinclassroomactivitiesisthekey,”Alicesaid.“Iftheyarenotlearning,wearenotteaching,”she____34____explained.Sincethen,I’vebeenadoptingthemodelofstudent-centeredteaching.Now,mystudentsgraduallylikemyclass,andIalsobeginto____35____iteveryday.21.A.qualified B.confused C.afraid D.sad22.A.doubted B.delayed C.shared D.prepared23.A.foolish B.complex C.unique D.mysterious24.A.fortune B.joy C.failure D.trick25.A.frightened B.focused C.asleep D.active26.A.complained B.denied C.suspected D.regretted27.A.responsibility B.capability C.ambition D.experience28.A.popular B.romantic C.ordinary D.independent29.A.air B.wind C.rain D.sunshine30.A.greet B.protect C.serve D.introduce31.A.speak B.rest C.run D.observe32.A.mess B.contrast C.trouble D.pity33.A.matters B.transforms C.decreases D.struggles34.A.impolitely B.impatiently C.still D.further35.A.thinkhighlyof B.lookforwardto C.sumup D.breakoff【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.B26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A31.D32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者是新老師，才開始給學(xué)生上課的時(shí)候遇到了挫折，于是像受歡迎的愛麗絲老師學(xué)習(xí)，得到了一些上課經(jīng)驗(yàn)。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我認(rèn)為我有資格成為一名教師，我覺得我已經(jīng)為我的第一份真正的工作做好了準(zhǔn)備——教學(xué)生。A.qualified有資格的；B.confused困惑的；C.afraid害怕的；D.sad悲傷的。根據(jù)后文“tobeateacher,andIfeltIwasreadyformyfirstrealjob—teachingpupils”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己有資格成為一名教師，我故選A。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一開始，我準(zhǔn)備了我的課程目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃。A.doubted懷疑；B.delayed推遲；C.shared分享；D.prepared準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)后文“mylessonobjectivesandplans”指準(zhǔn)備好課程目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我把復(fù)雜的想法分解成學(xué)生們能理解的簡(jiǎn)單概念。A.foolish愚蠢的；B.complex復(fù)雜的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.mysterious神秘的。根據(jù)后文“ideasintosimpleconcepts”可知，把復(fù)雜的想法分解成簡(jiǎn)單概念。故選B。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)我走進(jìn)教室的時(shí)候，它卻變成了一個(gè)失敗。A.fortune運(yùn)氣；B.joy快樂；C.failure失??；D.trick詭計(jì)。根據(jù)后文“Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.(一些學(xué)生大聲說(shuō)話，另一些學(xué)生跑來(lái)跑去)”可知，作者上課失敗了。故選C。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)法讓班級(jí)集中注意力上課。A.frightened害怕的；B.focused集中的；C.asleep睡著的；D.active活躍的。根據(jù)后文“Somestudentsspokeloudlyandothersranaround.(一些學(xué)生大聲說(shuō)話，另一些學(xué)生跑來(lái)跑去)”可知，作者無(wú)法讓班級(jí)集中注意力上課。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我懷疑我的學(xué)生不喜歡我。A.complained抱怨；B.denied否認(rèn)；C.suspected懷疑；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)后文“mystudentsdidn’tlikeme”可知，學(xué)生不聽話讓作者懷疑學(xué)生不喜歡自己。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我甚至認(rèn)為我沒有能力做這項(xiàng)工作。A.responsibility責(zé)任；B.capability能力；C.ambition抱負(fù)；D.experience經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)后文“todothejob”可知，作者自我懷疑，認(rèn)為沒有能力做這項(xiàng)工作。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我應(yīng)該向我認(rèn)識(shí)的最受歡迎的老師——愛麗絲學(xué)習(xí)。A.popular受歡迎的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.ordinary普通的；D.independent獨(dú)立的。根據(jù)后文“Shewassospecialthatherstudentslovedherverymuch.(她很特別，她的學(xué)生都很喜歡她)”可知，愛麗絲老師受學(xué)生的歡迎。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她精力充沛，像他們生活中的陽(yáng)光一樣明亮。A.air空氣；B.wind風(fēng)；C.rain雨；D.sunshine陽(yáng)光。根據(jù)上文“brightlike”指愛麗絲像陽(yáng)光一樣，故選D。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們會(huì)在大廳里問(wèn)候她，給她擁抱和鞠躬。A.greet問(wèn)候；B.protect保護(hù)；C.serve服務(wù)；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)后文“herinthehall,givingherhugsandbows”指學(xué)生問(wèn)候愛麗絲老師，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我很幸運(yùn)地在愛麗絲的課上聽了一會(huì)兒，觀察了一會(huì)兒。A.speak說(shuō)話；B.rest休息；C.run奔跑；D.observe觀察。根據(jù)后文“forawhileinAlice’sclass”可知，作者在愛麗絲的課堂旁聽和觀察。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多么鮮明的對(duì)比??！A.mess混亂；B.contrast差異；C.trouble麻煩；D.pity遺憾。根據(jù)后文“Ispentalmostthewholeclassteaching,whileshesetasidemoretimeforherstudentstoparticipateintheclass.(我?guī)缀跤昧苏?jié)課的時(shí)間來(lái)授課，而她則留出了更多的時(shí)間讓她的學(xué)生參與課堂)”可知，愛麗絲的課和作者的課形成了對(duì)比。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“學(xué)生的興趣最重要?！盇.matters重要；B.transforms轉(zhuǎn)換；C.decreases減少；D.struggles努力。根據(jù)后文“Theiractiveparticipationinclassroomactivitiesisthekey(他們積極參與課堂活動(dòng)是關(guān)鍵)”可知，學(xué)生的興趣最重要。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果他們不學(xué)習(xí)，我們就不教，”她進(jìn)一步解釋道。A.impolitely粗魯?shù)兀籅.impatiently不耐煩地；C.still仍然；D.further進(jìn)一步。上文“Iftheyarenotlearning,wearenotteaching”是愛麗絲對(duì)于教學(xué)的進(jìn)一步解釋。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，我的學(xué)生逐漸喜歡上了我的課，我也開始每天都期待著它。A.thinkhighlyof高度評(píng)價(jià)；B.lookforwardto期待；C.sum