2022-2023學年新教材高中英語課時作業(yè)十Unit4 Space Exploration SectionⅡ Readingand Thinking新人教版必修第三冊

課時作業(yè)(十)UNIT4SectionIIReadingandThinking

層級一課時跟蹤檢測

維度1單詞拼寫

1.Ourgoalistocreateapeacefulcommunitywithsharedfutureform.

2.Chinahas1moresatellitesintoorbitinthepastfewyears.

3.Whenhearingthednews,theoldmanwasveryupset.

4.Thedexpressiononhisfacesuggestedthathewouldn,tgivein.

5.Inhischildhood,hecouldneverhaveimaginedthathewouldbecomea(n)

a.

維度2單句語法填空

1.She(signal)toapassingtaxiandaskedhimtotakehertotheraiIway

station.

2.Inthelongrun,notonlyshouldstudentsstudywellbutalsolearntheability

tolive________(independent).

3.Ifyouwanttogetahigherincome,youmustgetadegreewhichis

(relate)toyourcareer.

4.Theelderlyareusuallythefirst(taste)thefoodservedonthetable

becausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.

5.Aplanecrashedontheseaand269peopleboardtheplanewerekilled.

維度3完成句子

1.[2021?新高考全國卷I,讀后續(xù)寫]當雙胞胎失望地環(huán)顧四周時，他們的父親出現(xiàn)

了。

Asthetwins,theirfatherappeared.

2.為了能夠集中精力學習，她已經(jīng)拒絕了幾次參加演出的邀請。

Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshows

herstudies.

3.我精通英語，而且容易相處。那就是為什么我寫信申請這份工作。

IhaveagoodcommandofEnglishandameasytogetalongwith.

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__________________________thejob.

4.我下決心克服所有困難，把每一科都學好。

Iallthedifficultiesandlearneverysubjectwell.

5.只有用這種方式他們才能獨立成長、真正成功。

Onlyinthiswaycantheygrowupto.

6.我們不僅聽講座而且參加中國書法體驗活動。

butwealsotakepartinChinesecalligraphyexperiencing

activities.

維度4課文語法填空

Humanshavealwayslookedupatthestarsandwantedtolearnmoreaboutspace.

1.(determine)tofindoutthesecretsoftheuniverse,scientistsworkhard

tomake2.________(vehicle)tocarrypeopleintospace.

Inthemid-20thcentury,rocketsthatwerepowerfulenoughtoovercomeEarth,s

gravityweredeveloped,makingspaceexploration3.________reality.On4October

1957,theUSSRsuccessfulIylaunchedthefirstartificialsatellite,Sputnik1,into

space.Fouryearslater,YuriGagarinbecamethefirsthuman4.(travel)

intospace.20July1969wasa5.(history)dayforspacetravel:astronaut

NeilArmstrongwalkedonthesurfaceoftheMoon.

AlthoughChina,Sspaceprogrammestartedlater6.thoseofRussiaand

theUS,ithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.In2003,YangLiweisuccessfully

orbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft,7.madeChinathethirdcountry

intheworldto8.(independent)sendhumansintospace.Morerecently,China

hasmadehistorybylandingChang,e4onthefarsideoftheMoon.

However,accidentsthatresulted9.________thedeathsoftheastronauts

happenedbeforedespitescientists5effortstomakesurenothinggoeswrong.But

thedesiretoexplorespacenever10.(fade)away.Europe,theUS,andChina

allhaveplanstoexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Sothefutureofspace

explorationremainsbright.層級二主題閱讀訓練

I.閱讀理解

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A

[2022?成都高一檢測]JuIy20,2021marksthe52thanniversaryofthefirstmoon

landing.TheNationalSpaceCenterwillprovideyouwithsuper-sizespace

experiences:agiantEarthmodel,adomedplanetarium（穹頂天文臺）anda42-meter

rockettower.It'sal1undercoversoit,sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday.

Ticket

It,snotcheap—adult$15,5-to-16-year-olds$12-butonceyou,vepaidyoucan

revisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunder

five.

Openinghours

10a.m.—4p.m.MondaytoFriday,10a.m.—5p.m.weekendsandschoolholidays.

Whataboutlunch?

TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinksat

thefootofthecenter*stworockets.Thecafeoffersvegetarian（素食的）option

too.

Exitthroughthegiftshop?

It,sstockedwithsouvenirsincludingbooks,gamesandtelescopes.Someare

quitepricey.Thegiftshopisthefirstthingyoupassonentryandalsothelast

thingyouseeasyouleave.

1.WhatgiftscanyoubuyintheCenter?

A.Rockets.B.Telescopes.

C.Pencils.D.Earthmodels.

2.WhatcanyoulearnabouttheNationalSpaceCenter?

A.Itisfreeforkidsunder6.

B.Ithastwogiftshops.

C.Itisvegetarian-friendly.

D.Itisopenatnightinholidays.

3.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A.Holidayplans.

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B.Spaceexperiences.

C.SuggestionsforvisitingtheCenter.

D.InformationabouttheCenter.

B

[2022?中山高一檢測]Manyofuswonderwhatliesinouterspace.Whenwelook

upatthenightsky,weseestars,thetwinkleofamovingsatelliteandoccasionally

adistantplanet.Butonethingwedon,tseeisthemillionsofpiecesofjunkfilling

upspace.It,sthisdebris（廢棄物）that,scausingproblemsfortheexisting

technologythat,supthereandwhichwerelyon.

Theamountofspacejunkisincreasing.Overthelastfewdecades,satellites

androcketshavebeenlaunchedintospace,litteringthecosmos（宇宙）astheygo.

It,sestimatedtherearenowmillionsofthrown-awaypiecesofmetalandother

materialsinorbit-everythingfromoldrocketpiecestoaccidentallydropped

astronauttools,andevenflecksofpaint.Thefearisthatifwedon,tstarttaking

thisdebrisoutoftheskysoon,itwillbecomeagreatdangertoactivesatellites.

NobuOkada,ChiefExecutiveofAstroscale—acompanyworkingonwaystocleanup

spacejunk-sayshitting“evenasmallpaintfleck...hasenoughpowertoblowup

othersatellites.”

Severalideasarebeinglookedattocollectthedebrisfloatingaroundinspace.

In2018,theRemoveDebrisspacecraftcarriedoutvariousexperiments,including

testinganetthatcouldcatchasatelliteorfiringaharpoonatatargetinorbit

totrytocatchit.

ThisyeartheUKSpaceAgencyishelpingtofundnewapproachestotracking

satellitesanddebrisinspace.JacobGeerfromUKSAtoldtheBBC:"Space

surveillance（監(jiān)視）andtrackingisoneofthekeythingswecandotokeepsafe

thosesatelliteswerelyonnow,andtomakesurecertainorbitsdon,tbecome

inaccessible（無法接近的）forfuturegenerationsbecausethere,stoomuchdebris

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inthem.

It,sclearthatsomethingmustbedonetoachieveadeepcleaninspace.But

lookingtothefuture,likeanylitterproblem,weneedtolookatwaysofcreating

less—andthatshould∏,tbethestuffofsciencefiction.

4.Whichofthefollowingitemsisspacejunk?

A.Metalstuff.

B.Oldrocketpiecesintheorbit.

C.Toolsinthespaceship.

D.Paintonaspaceship.

5.WhatproblemcanspacejunkcauseaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Smallpaintoffleckwillblowawaysatellites.

B.Activesatelliteswillbeindanger.

C.Itwillbeimpossibletocleanup.

D.Itwillleadtodisastersontheearth.

6.AccordingtoJacobGeer,whatmakesorbitsinaccessibleforfuture

generations?

?.Toomuchman-madesatellites.

B.Toomuchpopulation.

C.Toomuchspaceactivities.

D.Toomuchdebrisinspaceorbits.

7.Whichofthefollowingisnothelpfulinsolvingthedebrisproblem?

A.Stoppingreadingsciencefictions.

B.Carryingoutathoroughspacecleaning.

C.Creatinglessspacejunkfromnowon.

D.Usingspacesurveillanceandtrackingsystem.

C

Ifaskedwhetherspaceexplorationshouldcontinue,mostAmericanswouldgive

animmediateresponseeitherinfavourofcontinuingorinfavourofendingspace

exploration.Λcommonresponsewouldbethatspaceexplorationisawasteofmoney.

AnaverageAmerican,uneducatedonthesubject,mightbelievethatthegovernment

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iswastingbillionsofdollarsontheresearchthathasnovalue.Someoneignorant

ofthesubjectmightsaythataspaceshuttlegoesuponceinawhileandthatis

aboutal1thathappens.Researchisongoingandcontinueswhentherearenoshuttles

beinglaunched.Thisalsocoststhegovernmentmoney.Doestheextremecostofspace

explorationmakesense?

Oneargumentisthatthegovernmentiswastingmoneyontheresearchnotbeing

usedonEarth.Actually,themoneygoestoworkersandscientiststhatsupport

NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA)missions,andgoestomajor

companiesthatplayimportantrolesinmajorsectorsoftheUSeconomy.Boeingis

apartnerofNASAforaircraft,thesamecompanythatmakescommercialaircraftfor

theairlineindustry.

Anotherbenefitofcontinuingspaceexplorationisthemanyspin-off

technologies(衍生技術)itprovides.Theartificialheartresultedfromexperiments

onthespaceshuttle.ThehandheldJawsofLifeusedtosavevictimsfromcar

accidentsoriginatedfromthesystemusedtoseparatethespaceshuttlefromits

boosterrockets.Insulationinhomesthatkeepsthemwarmandenergyefficientis

basedonthetechnologyusedtoinsulatethespaceshuttle.

TherearedirectbenefitstotheeconomyprovidedbyNASAmissionsaswe11as

spin-offtechnologies.Theseadvancesarefoundinfood,buiIdingmaterials,medical

proceduresandthevehicleswedrive.Whileitcanbeproventhatbillionsofdollars

thatcouldbeusedelsewhereisbeingspentonspaceexploration,thebenefitsit

providesoutweighthenegativeaspects.Asamatteroffact,themoneyspenthelps

toimprovethequalityofourlives.

8.HowisParagraph2mainlydeveloped?

?.Bylistingdata.

B.Byofferinganalysis.

C.Bygivingsomeexamples.

D.Bypresentingresearchfindings.

9.WhatisthefunctionofJawsofLife?

A.Tosavepeoplefromtrafficaccidents.

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B.Todoexperimentsonthespaceshuttle.

C.Tokeephouseswarmandenergyefficient.

D.Toseparatethespaceshuttlefromitsboosterrockets.

10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofspaceexploration?

A.Ithaschangedourlifecompletely.

B.Itcoststoomuchmoney.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithus.

D.Itbenefitsusinmanyways.

11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BenefitsofSpaceExploration

B.IsSpaceExplorationWorththeCost?

C.HowtoMakeSpaceExplorationAffordable?

D.MissionsoftheNASASpaceShuttleProgramme

D

[2022?貴州省高一下學期聯(lián)考]Whendidyoulaststoptolookatatree?Really

lookatit,notmerelynoticeit.Treesplaysuchanimportantroleinourlives

andyetdaytodayweoftendon,tevennoticethem;weoftentakethemforgranted.

Yetifyouarelookingtostrengthenyourgrounds,reducepollutionaroundyour

school,improveyourchildren,shealthandwel!beinganddevelopyourscience

subject,thenplantingtreesiscertainlythewayforward.

Thefirstandmostobviousbenefitofstartingatree-plantingprogramisthe

environmentalimpact.Childrenareenthusiastic,andoftenhighlyknowledgeable

aboutclimatechangeandthemaincausesofit.Theyarealsointerestedinprojects

thatcanmakeadifferencetotheircommunity,scarbonfootprints.Plantingtrees

isaneasyandlong-lastingwaytoinvolvepupilsandtohaveapositiveimpacton

theclimate.

Atree-plantingprogramalsooffersteacherstheopportunitytodiscuss

biodiversity（生物多樣性）andgivespupilsthechancetogetinvolvedinanactual

example.It,sareal-lifescienceexperimentandwillprovidechildrenwithamazing

habitatstostudyinsciencelessonsforyearstocome.

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Plantingtreescanalsohaveapositiveimpactonchildren,smentalhealth.One

infourpeopleintheUKwillexperiencementalhealthissuesatsomepointintheir

1ivesandonein10childrenaged5-16haveadiagnosable（可診斷的）mentalhealth

condition,accordingtoTheChildre∏,sSociety.Mentalhealthisacomplexissue

withmanycausalfactorsandnosimplesolutions.However,accordingtotheMental

HealthFoundation,theopportunitytoplayandlearninoutdoorenvironmentshas

beenquotedinresearchstudiesasasignificantlypositiveinfluence.

Beingactivewillalsoimprovechildren,sgeneralhealthandwellbeing,aswell

asincreasingengagementmoregenerallybyprovidinganenjoyablecontextfor

learning.Parentsandthecommunity,too,willenjoytheimprovedbeautyofthe

schoolgrounds.

12.WhatcanchiIdrendotocontributetothecommunity,seffortstocutcarbon

footprints?

A.Reducetheirdailyactivities.

B.Attendtree-plantingprojects.

C.Learnmoreaboutclimatechange.

D.Encouragemorepeopletotakeaction.

13.Howcanatreeplantingprogrambenefitteachers?

A.Bymakingtheirclasseslivelier.

B.Bysupplyingthemwithhabitatstostudy.

C.Byprovidingthemwithrealexamplesofbiodiversity.

D.Bygivingthemchancestocommunicatewithstudents.

14.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?

A.Outdooractivitiescanbenefitchildren,smentalhealth.

B.Children,splaytimeisreducinggraduallyinrecentyears.

C.Plantingtreesisaperfectwaytoimprovetheenvironment.

D.FewpeopleintheUKpaymuchattentiontomentalhealth.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

?.Howcanschoolsgetinvolvedintree-plantingprojects?

B.Childrenneedmorecarefromtheirteachers.

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C.Whyshouldschoolsbeplantingtrees?

D.Schoolsshouldsetupnewclasses.

II.七選五

Therearemanycostsofhavinganegativeattitudeintheworkplace.Employees

whodon,tfeelappreciatedworklessproductively.Theycanhaveconflictswithother

members.Negativebossesspreadtheirbadfeelingstoemployees.Herearesomeways

todevelopapositivespiritinyourworkplace.

Beamodelofkindnessandrespect.Employeeslookuptotheirbossesforan

exampleofhowtobehaveintheworkplace.]Itisfarbettertobepatient,kind,

andrespectful.Thisisagreatwaytobringpositivitytotheworkplace.

2Whenemployeesarethankedfortheirgoodwork,itgivesthemawarmfeeling.

Everyonelikestobeappreciated,andemployeesoftentoil（辛苦工作）foryears

withoutbeingthankedfortheirhardwork.Even“thankyou“andahand-shakego

alongwaytowardmakinganemployeefeelappreciated.

Makegoalsclearforeveryone.Havingaconcretegoaltoworktowardgives

employeesdirectionandpositivityintheworkplace.Employeesliketoknowthat

theirhardworkisdirectedtowardaparticularend.3Thiscanbeassimpleas

expressingyourprideduringastaffmeeting.

Putonasmile.Evenifyou,rehavingadifficultday,youcanspreadpositivity

bysmiling.Whenabossissmiling,theiremployeesfindreasonstosmile,too.4

Haveanofficewellnessprogram.Haveyourhumanresourcesstaffarrangea

fitnessprogramforyouremployees.5Don,tbepunitive（懲罰性的）andtiring.

Lettingyouremployeeshaveabreaktorelaxwillmakethemhappierandmore

productive.

A.Makeitfun.

B.Encouragecommunication.

C.Haveanattitudeofgratitude.

D.Whenthegoalsarereached,havealittlecelebration.

E.Whenemployeesarenotlistenedto,theyfeelunappreciated.

F.Ifthebossisdisrespectful,thatwillbecomepartofthecompanyculture.

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G.Dealingwithabosswhoisalwaysseriousmakestheemployeesdifficultto

workwith.

課時作業(yè)（十）

層級一課時跟蹤檢測

維度1

1.mankind2.launched3.disappointing4.determined

5.astronaut

維度2

1.signalled2.independently3.related4.totaste5.on

維度3

1.lookedaroundindisappointment/disappointedly

2.soasto/inordertoconcentrateon

3.That,swhyI,mwritingtoapplyfor

4.amdeterminedtoovercome

5.beindependentandbecometrulysuccessful

6.Notonlydowelistentolectures

維度4

1.答案與解析：Determined考查非謂語動詞。bedeterminedtodoSth.意為“下

決心做某事”，為固定搭配，此處為形容詞短語作狀語。

2.答案與解析：vehicles考查名詞。VehiCIe為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示復數(shù)含義，應

用復數(shù)形式。

3.答案與解析：a考查冠詞。此處為“make+賓語+賓補”結構，reaIity意為“現(xiàn)

實”時為可數(shù)名詞，此處表泛指，其前應用不定冠詞a?！癿akesth.areality"意為"使

某事成為現(xiàn)實”。

4.答案與解析：totravel考查非謂語動詞。名詞前有thefirst修飾，其后應用

不定式作定語。

5.答案與解析：historic考查形容詞。設空處修飾名詞，應用形容詞形式，此處表

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示“歷史上重要的”。

6.答案與解析：than考查關系詞。此處表示比較含義，應用關系詞than。

7.答案與解析：which考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，設空處引導非限制性定語

從句，關系詞在從句中作主語，代指前面整個主句。

8.答案與解析：independently考查副詞。設空處修飾動詞Send,應用副詞。

9.答案與解析：in考查介詞。resultin意為“導致”，為固定搭配。

10.答案與解析：faded考查動詞的時態(tài)。設空處在此是謂語動詞，與主語之間是主

動關系，描述發(fā)生在過去的動作，所以應用一般過去時?

層級二主題閱讀訓練

I.閱讀理解

A

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了國家航天中心的一些參觀信息。

1.答案與解析:B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EXitthroUghthegiftShop?中的"It'sstocked

withsouvenirsincludingbooks,gamesandtelescopes.,,可知,國家航天中心可以買

到書、游戲和望遠鏡。

2.答案與解析：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whataboutlunch?中的"Thecafeoffers

vegetarianoptiontoo.",可知，該中心還提供素食。

3.答案與解析：D主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文TiCket票價；OPeninghours開放時間；

Whataboutlunch?午餐呢？Exitthroughthegiftshop?從禮品店出門？可知，文章

主要介紹了國家航天中心的一些參觀信息。

B

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了太空垃圾所導致的問題以及解決太

空垃圾的辦法。

4.答案與解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段可知在過去的幾十年里，衛(wèi)星和火

箭被發(fā)射到太空，在它們發(fā)射的過程中散落在宇宙中。因此，“軌道上的舊火箭碎片”是

太空垃圾。

5.答案與解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段第四句可知，令人擔憂的是，如果

我們不盡快將這些碎片從空中清除出去，它將對運行中的衛(wèi)星構成巨大威脅。因此，太空

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垃圾會導致運行中的衛(wèi)星處于危險中。

6.答案與解析：D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句可知，可以確保某些軌道

不會因為碎片太多而讓后代無法進入。因此，太空軌道上有太多的碎片會讓后代無法進入

軌道。

7.答案與解析：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，我們需要尋找創(chuàng)造更

少垃圾的方法一一這不應該是科幻小說里的東西.因此，“停止閱讀科幻小說”并不能解

決此問題。

C

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章列舉了太空研究的好處，如提供衍生技術以及

帶來直接的經(jīng)濟效益等。

8.答案與解析：B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Actually,themoneygoesto

workersandscientistsw和“goestomajorcompaniesthatplayimportantroles”

可知，事實上，錢花在了工作人員和科學家以及在美國經(jīng)濟中起重要作用的公司身上。由

此可知第二段給出的是分析說明。故選B。

9.答案與解析：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的第三句可知，救生頜的作用是挽救出

車禍的人。故選A。

10.答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的第一句及最后一段內容可知，作者

認為太空探索有很多好處。故選D。

11.答案與解析：B標題歸納題。文章第一段提出問題“Doestheextremecostof

spaceexplorationmakesense?”，文章最后給出回答"Asamatteroffact,themoney

spenthelpstoimprovethequalityofourlives.,,,由此可知，本文是在討論用于太

空探索的錢花得值不值。故選B。

D

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了植樹給學生學習、老師教學以及學

生身心健康帶來的好處，建議學校開展植樹這一項目。

12.答案與解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theyarealsointerestedinprojects

thatcanmakeadifferencetotheircommunity,scarbonfootprints.,,而根據(jù)第二段

第一句"Thefirstandmostobviousbenefitofstartingatree-plantingprogramis

theenvironmentalimpact,n可知，孩子們參加植樹項目可以為社區(qū)減少碳足跡的努力作

出貢獻。

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13.答案與解析：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Atree-plant