四級聽力短對話及長對話技巧

聽力專項講解胡小婕2010.11第一步：預(yù)判（3-5分鐘）第二步：聽力開始（35分鐘）第三步：查閱環(huán)節(jié)（時間因人而異）1、對答案。2、查詞和短語。3、翻譯句子。第四步：視聽和跟讀原文（時間因人而異）第五步：裸聽（時間因人而異）第六步：部分聽寫（時間因人而異）Content聽前預(yù)測一般規(guī)律三大原則對話類型分析多義詞匯ShortConversationsLongConversationsPassageComprehensionCompoundDictation解題原則解題技巧重點主題介紹一般規(guī)律邀約必失敗吃飯必同意作業(yè)(考試)一定難(對象多為男性)房間必爆滿(開房男，酒店女)A)TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.B)Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.C)Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.D)Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.M:Mary,wouldyoujoinmefordinnertonight?W:Youtreatedmelastweekend.Nowitismyturn.ShallwetrysomethingItalian?Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?三大原則視聽反向原則ShortConversations的選項中被讀到的單詞短語或句子為錯誤項。同義替換后一句更重要(第二句)同主(主語)題例：A)Shemusthavepaidalotforthegym.

B)Sheisknowntohaveaterrificfigure.C)Hergymexercisehasyieldedgoodresults.

D)Herefforttokeepfitisreallypraiseworthy.(200912)Woman:I’vebeenworkingoutthegymsinceJanuary.Iwasabitoutofshape.Man:Youlookterrific!Itseemsthatyourefforthaspaidoff.Question:Whatdoesthemanimplyaboutthewoman?聽前預(yù)測看題原則：高頻詞（常為名詞）主語謂語類似選項保留聽前預(yù)測通過選項內(nèi)容推測對話內(nèi)容利用選項特點推測問題內(nèi)容通過選項推測問題針對對象通過主題一致原則排除干擾選項A)Makeaprofitableinvestment.B)Buyanewwashingmachine.C)GetpartsforthemachinefromJapan.D)Havetheoldwashingmachinefixed.M:Mywashingmachineismorethanfifteenyearsoldandithasworkedjustfineuntillastnight.W:You’llneverbeabletogetpartsforit,evenfromJapan.Soitmightbetimetoinvestinamorerecentmodel.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A)Thewomanisgoingtoholdabigpartytomorrow.B)Themanhasnoideawhattherightthingtodois.C)Thewomandoesn’tknowhowtogettotheparty.D)Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.W:Ican’tdecidewhattodoaboutthepartytomorrow.M:Youdon’thavetogoifyoudon’twantto.ButI’llbegladtogiveyouarideifyoudo.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?選項以動詞原形開頭選項均為不定式短語選項均為-ing動詞短語選項均為名詞短語選項均為地點場景角色或關(guān)系數(shù)字信息比較結(jié)構(gòu)表示評價、感受、意愿或建議的詞考察行為活動，常涉及建議做某事A)Lookforaplacenearheroffice.B)Findanewjobdownthestreet.C)Makeinquirieselsewhere.D)Rentthe$600apartment.W:Excuseme.Doyouhaveanyapartmentsavailableforunder500dollarsamonth?Ineedtomoveinnextweekwhenmynewjobstarts.M:TheonlyvacantoneIhaveis600dollars,haveyouinquiredattheapartmentcomplex(綜合性大樓)downthestreet?Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?問做某事的目的或原因，抑或計劃、打算、決定、承諾或要求做某事A、Tofindoutmoreaboutthetopicfortheseminar.B、Tomakeacopyofthescheduleforhisfriend.C、Togettheseminarscheduleforthewoman.D、Topickupthewomanfromthelibrary.如強調(diào)動作為考察正在進行的動作；如不是則為某項計劃、打算或建議的內(nèi)容。

有時也為考察對話談?wù)摰闹黝}A、Drawingupabusinessplan.B、Discussingatermplan.C、Finalizingacontract.D、Reviewingaco-authoredarticle.如選項均為概括性較強的名詞或名詞性短語(動名詞)，且內(nèi)容差異較大，很可能考察談話主題或?qū)υ捴谐霈F(xiàn)某一事件的主題；如概括性不強，較具體，且同屬一類別則考察對話中的細(xì)節(jié)A、Atragicaccident.B、Asadoccasion.C、Smith’sunusuallifestory.D、Smith’ssleepingproblem考察“地點場景”，可能是對話發(fā)生的場景或地點，也可能是某人所處位置或是過去或?qū)⒁サ牡攸cA)Ataclinic.B)Inasupermarket.C)Atarestaurant.D)Inanice-creamshop.M:I’llhavethesteak,Frenchfries,andlet’ssee,chocolateice-creamfordessert.W:Oh-oh,youknowthesethingswillruinyourhealth,toomuchfatandsugar,howaboutorderingsomevegetablesandfruitinstead?Q:Whatdoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?一般考察對話中某個人物的職業(yè)或身份，或?qū)υ掚p方間的關(guān)系A(chǔ))TeacherandstudentB)Doctorandpatient.C)Managerandofficeworker.D)Travelagentandcustomer.M:Mr.Watson,Iwonderwhetherit’spossibleformetotakeavacationearlynextmonth?W:Didyoufilloutarequestform?Q:Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?對話中可能出現(xiàn)不止一個數(shù)字，聽音時要注意數(shù)字以及與數(shù)字對應(yīng)的信息做好筆記A)At10:30B)At10:25C)At10:40D)At10:45M:Sowhenaretheotherguysgoingtogethere?Thetrainisleavingin10min.Wecan’twaithereforever.W:It’s10:30already.They’resupposedtobeherebynow.Itoldeverybodytomeethereby10:15.Q:Whenisthetrainleaving?可能涉及人或事物之間的異同和優(yōu)劣比較，或是人事物某方面的變化和發(fā)展A)Hewishestohavemorecourseslikeit.B)Hefindsithardtofollowtheteacher.C)Hewishestheteacherwouldtalkmore.D)Hedoesn’tliketheteacher’saccent.W:Youtookanoptionalcoursethissemester,didn’tyou?Howisitgoing?M:Terrible.Itseemslikethemoretheprofessortalks,thelessIunderstand.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecourse?考察觀點、態(tài)度、感受或建議A)Heispleasedwithhisexcitingnewjob.B)Hefindsthehugeworkloadunbearable.C)Hefindshisofficemuchtoobigforhim.D)Heisnotsoexcitedabouthisnewposition.Think,believe,find,should,hadbetter,wouldlike,agree,disagree,like,dislike,enjoy,mind,good,bad,excited,surprised,reasonable,wiseW:Iheardaboutyourpromotion.Youmustbethrilled.M:Notreally.Thenewofficeishuge,buttheworkloadhasdoubled.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation?A)Planhisbudgetcarefully.B)Givehermoreinformation.C)Asksomeoneelseforadvice.D)Buyagiftforhisgirlfriend.M:ChristmasisroundthecornerandI’mlookingforagiftformygirlfriend.Anysuggestion?W:Well,youhavetotellmesomethingaboutyourgirlfriendfirst.Also,what’syourbudget?Q:Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A)Hewaskeptinhospitalforalongtime.B)Hewasslightlyinjuredinatrafficaccident.C)Hewasseriouslywoundedinamineexplosion.D)Hewasfinedforspeeding.W:Hi,John！Haven’tseenyouforquiteawhile.Areyoufine?M:Oh,yes.Butluckseemstogoagainstme.Ihadacaraccident.Onlysomeminorinjuries,though.Q:WhathappenedtoJohn?視聽反向原則17.

A)she

wants

to

get

some

sleep.

B)

she

needs

time

to

write

a

paper.C)

she

has

a

literature

class

to

attend.D)she

is

troubled

by

her

sleep

problem17.M:Howaboutjoiningmeforacupofcoffee?

W:I’dloveto,butI’mexhausted.Iwasuptill3thismorning,writingapaperformyliteratureclass.

Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman’sinvitation?聽力多義詞匯Paper在聽力考題中，它最常見的含義是：論文。其次是報紙。相反，作為“紙”的原始含義很少見到。Iwasuptill3thismorningwritingapaperformyliteratureclass.（論文。2008年12月第17題）Whatpositionisbeingadvertisedinthepaper?(報紙。2007年12月第25題)Treat原始含義為對待，但是聽力中更喜歡考“請客”的含義。Youtreatedmelastweekend,nowit’smyturn.(2003年1月第1題)Jamtrafficjam(堵車)常見考點。Charge1）

收費。Ihavetochargeyou150poundsforonenight.（2006年12月第1道長對話原文）2）

負(fù)責(zé)。Iaminchargeofateamof8brokers(經(jīng)紀(jì)人).（2006年6月第1道長對話原文）Present“禮物”

“展示，表達(dá)和呈現(xiàn)”。presentation演講和展示，是一種很常見的校園課程形式。Itsgoalsweretoeducate,shareideasandpresentIndiana’sbestproducts.(2007年12月第3篇聽力原文)Commercial請注意，它的名詞含義是“廣告”。解題技巧聽到什么選什么對話類型分析人物關(guān)系、職業(yè)類地點題動作類上下級關(guān)系客服關(guān)系同事、夫妻關(guān)系(多為干擾選項)上下級關(guān)系Boss(常為男性)andSecretary依據(jù):語氣（下級詢問，上級回答）ManagerandOfficeworker/staff客服關(guān)系R：customerandwaitressH：customerandreceptionistA：passengerandairhostess/steward/stewardess7.A)Aguestandareceptionist.B)Apassengerandanairhostess.C)Acustomerandashopassistant.D)Aguestandawaitress.M:Sorrytotroubleyou.Butisthereanypossibilityofborrowingablanket?Ifeelcold.W:Ithinkwe’vegotone.Couldyouwaituntilaftertake-offplease?Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

3.

A)Colleagues.

B)Husbandandwife.

C)Employerandemployee.

D)Motherandson.W:John,whatareyoudoingonyourcomputer?Don'tyourememberyourpromise?M:Thisisnotagame.It'sonlyacrosswordpuzzlethathelpsincreasemyvocabulary.Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers??？嫉攸cRestaurant

Hotel

AirportTheaterGym高頻干擾詞匯：bookingoffice/ticketwindowpublishinghouserestaurantmakeareservation預(yù)定bookatable訂桌子dessert甜點yogurt酸奶steak牛排sauce汁course一道菜/maincourse主菜buffet自助餐salad沙拉eatout/dineout出去吃1.A)Atatheatre.

B)Atabookingoffice.C)Atarailwaystation.D)Atarestaurant.W:Gorge,lookatthelongwaitingline.Iamgladyou’vemadeareservation.M:Moreandmorepeopleenjoyeatingoutnow.Beside,thisplaceisespeciallypopularwiththeoverseasstudents.Q:Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?hotelreserve/book/makeareservationforbookatablefortwoTheroomsarebookedup/fullup.checkinsingleroom/doubleroom/suite/standardsuite/occupancyfrequentguest/strangerdiscount12.

A)Attheairport.

B)Atthehotelreception.

C)Inarestaurant.

D)Inabookingoffice.12.W:Wedon’tseemtohaveareservationforyou,sir.I’msorry.

M:Butmysecretarysaidthatshehadreservedaroomformehere.IphonedherfromtheairportthismorningjustbeforeIgotonboardtheplane.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?19.

A)Thehotelclerkhadputhisreservationunderanothername.B)Thehotelclerkinsistedthathedidn’tmakeanyreservation.C)Thehotelclerktriedtotakeadvantageofhisinexperience.D)Thehotelclerkcouldn’tfindhisreservationforthatnight.20.

A)Agrandweddingwasbeingheldinthehotel.B)Therewasaconferencegoingoninthecity.C)Thehotelwasundergoingmajorrepairs.D)Itwasabusyseasonforholiday—makers.21.

A)Itwasfreeofchargeonweekends.B)Ithada15%discountonweekdays.C)Itwasofferedtofrequentguestsonly.D)Itwas10%cheaperthaninotherhotels.22.

A)Demandcompensationfromthehotel.B)Askforanadditionaldiscount.C)Complaintothehotelmanager.D)Findacheaperroominanotherhotel.airportairline航線flight航班economy/businessclass經(jīng)濟艙/商務(wù)艙firstclass頭等艙departure/departuretime（起飛時間）declare申報board登機/getonboardsth4.A)Atabookingoffice.

B)InaHongKonghotel.

C)Onabusystreet.

D)Atanairport.

4.W:CanIhelpyousir?

M:Yes,canyoushowmethewaytogatenineforflight910toHongKongIamquiteconfusedhere.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

12.A)Onatrain.B)Onaplane.C)Inatheater.D)InarestaurantW:MayIseeyourticketplease?Ithinkyouaresittinginmyseat.M:Oh,youareright.Myseatisinthebalcony.I'mterriblysorry.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?解題原則預(yù)測選項：縱向確定場景（工作、學(xué)習(xí)、生活及旅游）；橫向排除干擾選項，了解每道小題的內(nèi)容。解題三原則：開頭原則：第一道題一般在開頭部分問答原則：回答的內(nèi)容往往是答案所在轉(zhuǎn)折原則：即轉(zhuǎn)折詞后的內(nèi)容為重要內(nèi)容20081219.A)Hecanmanagehistimemoreflexibly.

B)Hecanrenewcontactwithhisoldfriends.

C)Hecanconcentrateonhisownprojects.

D)Hecanlearntodoadministrativework.20.A)Readingitsadsinthenewspapers.

B)Callingitspersonneldepartment.

C)Contactingitsmanager.

D)Searchingitswebsite.21.A)Tocutdownitsproductionexpenses.

B)Tosolvetheproblemofstaffshortage.

C)Toimproveitsadministrativeefficiency.

D)Toutilizeitsretiredemployees’resources.20080623.A)Marketingconsultancy.B)Professionalaccountancy.C)Luxuryhotelmanagement.D)Businessconferenceorganization.24.A)Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.B)Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.C)Havingbeentothecountrybefore.D)BeingabletospeakJapanese.25.A)Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.B)Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.C)ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.D)ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.重點主題CampuslifeJob其他campuslifeon/offcampus作業(yè)：thesis畢業(yè)論文dissertation期刊論文/periodical期刊/journalbookreport讀書報告researchreport調(diào)查、實驗報告presentation內(nèi)容演示takenote記筆記關(guān)于考試：考試難，時間緊，能否延期。作業(yè)難做。論文沒做完。選課多。對老師評價：講課boring，老師strict，作業(yè)多。Sheisoneinamillion.當(dāng)老師要退休的時候?qū)蠋煹脑u價才會高。獎學(xué)金：fellowship；RA助研：researchassistant；TA助教：teachingassistant寫論文的步驟：第一步，選題topic，選題難，范圍廣。第二步，查詢資料research，圖書館場景。第三步，打出論文。typewriter打字機，computer計算機，printer打印機，laserprinter激光打印機，laptop筆記本電腦。論文沒打完，typewriter/computer壞了breakdown或者typewriter需要新的ribbon。課程形式：optional/compulsorycourseelectivecourse/requirement/requiredcourseacademicyear學(xué)年seminar[‘seminɑ:]lecture/speech講座、演講workshop工作室，討論課程schooltimetable/classschedule課程表registerfor/signupfor/enrollin選課catch/follow跟上、聽懂校方人物校長：president院長:deanbean教授

：professor

講師:lecturer導(dǎo)師：

tutor大一新生:freshman大二學(xué)生:sophomore大三學(xué)生:junior大四學(xué)生:senior學(xué)位學(xué)士:BachelorDegree碩士:MasterDegree博士:DoctorDegree

post-doctor科目及專業(yè)

文學(xué):Literature心理學(xué):Psychology

建筑學(xué):Architec

ture

學(xué)校場景出題思路：

1講座：難理解2選修課：難.選多了3考試：

掛了3.A)ShehasbeenlongingtoattendHarvardUniversity.B)She’llconsidertheman’ssuggestioncarefully.C)ShehasfinishedherprojectwithDr.Garcia’shelp.D)She’llconsultDr.Garciaaboutenteringgraduateschool.3.M:Hi,Melissa,how’syourprojectgoing?Haveyouthoughtaboutgoingtograduateschool?PerhapsyoucangetintoHarvard.W:Everythingiscomingalongreallywell.Ihavebeenthinkingaboutgraduateschool.ButI’lltalktomytutorDr.Garciafirstandseewhatshethinks.Q:Whatdoyoulearnaboutthewomanfromtheconversation?jobpromotion升職workload工作量,工作負(fù)擔(dān)complain/complaintsalary/wages/pay/incomebonus獎金annual年度的askforleave請假win-win雙贏form表格Interview/interviewer/interviewee1、找到工作高興。2、失去工作傷心。3、拒絕工作令人奇怪。有空缺職位:jobvacancy簡歷:resume工作經(jīng)驗:workexperience面試:interview加班:overwork升職:promote解雇:fire辭職:quit/resignannualleave年假sickleave病假23.

A)Sheisthirstyforpromotion.B)Sheistiredofherpresentwork.C)Shewantsamuchhighersalary.D)Shewantstosavetravelexpenses.24.

A)Languageinstructor.B)Environmentalengineer.C)Translator.D)Travelagent.25.

A)Devotionandworkefficiency.B)Livelypersonalityandinquiringmind.C)Communicationskillsandteamspirit.D)Educationandexperience.三賓館場景

預(yù)訂房間

確認(rèn)預(yù)訂

取消預(yù)訂reservationMakeConfirmcancel小費:tip前臺:reception登記入住:checkin/out四飯店場景分賬GoDutchSplitthebillFifty-fiftySeparatethebill16~17世紀(jì)時的荷蘭和威尼斯，是海上商品貿(mào)易和早期資源共享本主義的發(fā)跡之地。終日奔波的意大利、荷蘭商人們已衍生出聚時交流信息、散時各付資費的習(xí)俗來。因為商人的流動性很強，一個人請別人的客，被請的人說不定這輩子再也碰不到了，為了大家不吃虧，彼此分?jǐn)偙闶亲詈玫倪x擇了。而荷蘭人因其精明、凡事都要分清楚，逐漸形成了let'sgodutch（讓我們做荷蘭人）的俗語。出去吃：eatout外賣：takeaway訂位子:bookatable菜單:menu餐后甜點:dessert五機場場景訂票:bookaticket目的地:destination單程票:one-wayticket往返票:round-tripticket1、票已售完。2、接人晚點。3、送人傷感。4、航班延誤，需等待。5、乘客遲到，需換票。Checkin(boardingpass)SecuritycheckGothroughcustomsGetonboardDomesticflightInternationalflightConnectingflightDirectflightDifferentflighttypesFirstclassEconomyclassBusinessclassClassesoftravelHaveapleasantflight!租房場景市郊:suburb市中心:downtown房東land-----房東太太land---------mate室友醫(yī)院場景

Physician------醫(yī)生surgeon-------醫(yī)生牙醫(yī)----------