中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：專題七形容詞

專題七形容詞中考考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)分類突破考點(diǎn)1

形容詞的句法功能(1)形容詞的用法及位置①作定語作名詞的定語時(shí),一般置于名詞前;作復(fù)合不定代詞的定語時(shí),位于復(fù)合不定代詞之后。Heisatallman.他是一名高個(gè)子男士。There’s

nothing

new

in

today’s

newspaper.今天的報(bào)紙上沒有什么新鮮事。②作表語放在系動(dòng)詞之后,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。The

food

smells

nice.這種食物聞起來不錯(cuò)。③作賓語補(bǔ)足語在keep,make,leave等動(dòng)詞的賓語后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Weshouldkeepourclassroomclean.我們應(yīng)該使我們的教室保持整潔。The

mother

leaves

the

baby

alone.這位媽媽把嬰兒?jiǎn)为?dú)放在一邊。(2)常見名詞變形容詞的方法名詞構(gòu)成方法意義例詞表示天氣的名詞詞尾加-y多……的cloud—cloudywind—windy表示方位的名詞詞尾加-ern……方位的;朝……方的west—westerneast—eastern表示時(shí)間和稱謂的名詞詞尾加-ly每……的;……般的week—weeklyfriend—friendly表示物質(zhì)的名詞詞尾加-en……制成的wood—woodengold—golden(續(xù)表)表抽象意義的名詞詞尾加-ful……的care—careful詞尾加-less無……的hope—hopeless

①少數(shù)形容詞,如live(活的),elder(年長(zhǎng)的)等只能作定語,不能作表語。Myelderbrotheris12yearsold.我哥哥12歲。②有些形容詞在句中只能作表語,不能作定語,如afraid(害怕的),alive(活著的),awake(醒著的),alone(獨(dú)自的;單獨(dú)的),asleep(睡著的),well(健康的),sorry(難過的),ill(生病的)等。Theoldmanwasaloneathome.那位老人獨(dú)自在家里。Mymotherisill.Ihavetolookafterher.我媽媽生病了。我必須照顧她?？键c(diǎn)2

形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則(1)規(guī)則變化類別詞尾情況構(gòu)成示例單音節(jié)詞及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般結(jié)構(gòu)詞尾加-er或-esttall—taller—tallest以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾詞尾加-r或-stnice—nicer—nicest重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,且詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母,再加-er或-estbig—bigger—biggesthot—hotter—hottest類別詞尾情況構(gòu)成示例單音節(jié)詞及少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾變y為i,再加-er或-esthappy—happier—happiestfunny—funnier—funniest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mostimportant—moreimportant—mostimportant口訣記憶形容詞比較等級(jí)的變化比較級(jí)(最高級(jí))的變化有規(guī)律,一般詞尾-er(-est)加上去。若遇“啞e”結(jié)尾詞,直接加-r(-st)就可以。一輔重讀閉音節(jié),末尾輔音字母需雙寫?！拜o音字母＋y”詞尾現(xiàn),i需把y來替換。部分雙、多音節(jié)詞,前面加more(most)記心里。最高級(jí)前面要加the,這點(diǎn)千萬別忘記。(2)不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest考點(diǎn)3

形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)及含義例句原級(jí)as＋原級(jí)＋as和……一樣Ithinkthisbookisasinterestingasthatone.我認(rèn)為這本書和那本書一樣有趣。not＋as/so＋原級(jí)＋as不如……It’snotsohottodayasyesterday.今天不如昨天熱。less＋原級(jí)＋than不如……Thisstoryislessinterestingthanthatone.這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)故事有趣。(續(xù)表)等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)及含義例句比較

級(jí)比較級(jí)＋than一者比另一者……YourT-shirtisnicerthanhis.你的T恤衫比他的好看。the＋比較級(jí),the＋比較級(jí)越……越……Thebusierweare,thehappierwewillbe.我們?cè)矫υ娇鞓贰１容^級(jí)＋and＋比較級(jí)越來越……Ourcountryisgettingstrongerandstronger.我們的國(guó)家正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)及含義例句比較級(jí)the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo...兩者中較為……的一個(gè)Jackistheyoungerofthetwoboys.Jack是這兩個(gè)男孩中年齡較小的一個(gè)。比較級(jí)＋thananyother＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/比較級(jí)＋thantheother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)比其他任何一個(gè)都……Heistallerthananyotherboyinhisclass.他比班里的其他任何一個(gè)男孩都高。He

is

taller

than

the

other

boys

in

his

class.他比班里的其他男孩都高。等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)及含義例句最高級(jí)the＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞＋in/of短語……中最……的一個(gè)Jimisthetallestboyofall.Jim是所有男孩中個(gè)子最高的。疑問詞＋be動(dòng)詞＋the＋最高級(jí)……是最……的Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth?太陽、月亮和地球哪一個(gè)最大?the＋序數(shù)詞＋最高級(jí)第幾……TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)及含義例句最高級(jí)oneofthe＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)最……之一Shanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesintheworld.上海是世界上最大的城市之一。

表倍數(shù),如“一半/兩倍/三倍……”用half/twice/threetimesas...as...結(jié)構(gòu)。Thischairistwiceasbigasthatone.這把椅子是那把椅子的兩倍大。

(1)修飾比較級(jí)的詞有much,even,far,alot,alittle,abit,alittlebit等,表示“……很多;甚至……”等,表程度。It’s

a

lot

larger

than

the

population

of

the

US.它比美國(guó)的人口多很多。It’s

a

little

longer

than

the

Yangtze

River.它比長(zhǎng)江稍長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)兒。(2)形容詞的比較級(jí)有時(shí)可以和最高級(jí)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化?！氨容^級(jí)＋thananyother＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/比較級(jí)＋thantheother＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”可以轉(zhuǎn)化為最高級(jí)。Wang

Wei

is

the

tallest

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

any

other

student

in

his

class.＝Wang

Wei

is

taller

than

the

other

students

in

his

class.王偉是他班里最高的學(xué)生?？键c(diǎn)4

-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞的用法(1)大多數(shù)-ing形容詞表示主動(dòng)意義,多指事物對(duì)人的影響,一般修飾事物。(2)大多數(shù)-ed形容詞表示被動(dòng)意義,多指人對(duì)事物的感受,主語一般是人,常用于“sb.＋be動(dòng)詞＋-ed形容詞(＋介詞)”結(jié)構(gòu)中。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句surprising令人驚訝的surprised感到驚訝的This

is

a

surprising

story.這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的故事。I

am

surprised

at

the

news.我對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到吃驚。(續(xù)表)-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的I

have

an

interesting

book.我有一本有趣的書。He

is

interested

in

science.他對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣。exciting令人興奮的excited感到興奮的Have

you

heard

of

the

exciting

news?你聽說這個(gè)令人興奮的消息了嗎?We

are

excited

about

the

traveling.我們對(duì)旅行感到興奮。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句boring乏味的;枯燥的bored感到乏味的The

book

is

so

boring.這本書很乏味。I

am

bored.我感到很無聊。pleasing令人愉悅的pleased滿意的;愉快的This

is

a

pleasing

trip.這是一次令人愉快的旅行。The

teacher

is

pleased

with

our

performance.老師對(duì)我們的表演很滿意。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句frightening引起恐懼的frightened害怕的This

is

a

frightening

story.這是一個(gè)令人恐懼的故事。I’m

frightened

of

walking

home

alone

in

the

dark.我害怕在黑夜獨(dú)自走路回家。moving令人感動(dòng)的moved感動(dòng)的Titanic

is

a

moving

film.《泰坦尼克號(hào)》是一部感人的電影。We

are

deeply

moved

by

you.我們被你深深地感動(dòng)了。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句tiring令人疲倦的tired感到疲倦的It’s

a

long

tiring

day.這是又長(zhǎng)又累的一天。I’m

too

tired.我太累了。fascinating迷人的fascinated入迷的What

a

fascinating

voice!好迷人的聲音啊!I’ve

always

been

fascinated

by

his

ideas.我總是對(duì)他的想法極感興趣。專項(xiàng)能力檢測(cè)Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇1.(2022·新疆)Cindyfelt

A

?inhernewschool,soshejoinedsomeclubstomakenewfriends.

A.lonelyB.sleepyC.coldD.hungry2.(2022·天津)Travelingbytrainisslowerthanbyplane.Butit’s

C

?thanbyplane.

A.interestingB.lessinterestingC.moreinterestingD.mostinterestingA

C

3.(2022·天津)Ona

D

?day,youcanseemostofthecityfromthetopofthetower.

A.rainyB.darkC.snowyD.clear4.(2022·浙江溫州)Everybody,pleasekeep

D

?.It’snotallowedtomakeanynoiseinthereadingroom.

A.fitB.warmC.dryD.quiet5.(2022·安徽)—JimandIshare

C

?tastesandhobbies.

—Nowonderyoutakepartinlotsofmeaningfulsocialactivitiestogether.A.separateB.weakC.similarD.doubleD

D

C

6.(2022·江西)Ionlygotfourhoursofsleeplastnight,soIfeel

A

?today.

A.tiredB.lonelyC.hungryD.proud7.(2022·江蘇揚(yáng)州)It’s

D

?oftheboytoleavethetaprunning.

A.endlessB.homelessC.meaninglessD.careless8.(2022·貴州銅仁)—UncleWang,couldyoutellmethesecretofyourgoodhealth?—Inmyview,

C

?vegetablesand

C

?meat.

A.less;lessB.more;moreC.more;lessD.less;moreA

D

C

C

9.(2022·四川瀘州)Withahigh-speedtrainstationbuiltinLuzhou,itismuch

A

?forustotraveltoChengdu.

A.easierB.easilierC.moreeasyD.moreeasily10.(2022·四川瀘州)Hurryup,SuMei!Thegraduationceremonybeginsinasecond.Wehave

C

?timeleft.

A.fewB.afewC.littleD.alittleA

C

11.(2022·四川自貢改編)—What’sthe

C

?riverinChina?

—TheYangtzeRiver.A.longB.longerC.longestD.morelonger12.(2022·江蘇連云港)Weare

D

?thattheGreatWallisoneofthewondersoftheworld.

A.friendlyB.braveC.nervousD.proudC

D

13.(2022·湖南懷化改編)TheairinHuaihuais

B

?thanbefore.

A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well14.(2022·江蘇無錫)—Cindy,canIlookatyournotebook?Itlooksspecial.—Sorry.Iusuallywritedownsomething

D

?init.

A.perfectB.practicalC.pleasantD.privateB

D

15.(2022·湖北武漢)—Everythinghedoesis

C

?towhatisconsiderednormal.

—Althoughhelooksalittledifferent,hehasachievedalotinthemathfield.A.similarB.relativeC.oppositeD.close16.(2022·湖南岳陽改編)Withthedevelopmentof5Gtechnology,ourdailyliveshavebecome

A

?.

A.moreandmoreconvenientB.themostconvenientC.convenienterandconvenienterD.themoreconvenientC

A

17.(2022·云南)Ourschoollifehasbecome

C

?thanbeforebecauseofallkindsofafter-schoolactivities.

A.colorfulB.colorfullyC.morecolorfulD.themostcolorful18.(2022·甘肅武威)—How’sthenewrestaurant?—It’s

D

?.Wewaitedalongtimeforthefoodtoarrive.

A.wonderfulB.excitingC.difficultD.awfulC

D

19.(2022·海南改編)—Mom,Ican’ttakecareofMary.Sheiscryingallthetime.—Trytobe

A

?,Jack.Yourlittlesisterisill.

A.patientB.seriousC.excitedD.boring20.(2022·云南昆明)Theearlierwetakeactiontoprotectourenvironment,the

A

?itwillbeforourfuture.

A.betterB.bestC.worseD.worstA

A

21.(2021·江蘇揚(yáng)州)Ican’tbelieveyoumadethelifelikecatoutofpaper.How

B

?youare!

A.loyalB.creativeC.helpfulD.organized22.(2021·安徽)—TheChineselanguageismoreandmorepopular.—Exactly!It’sbecominga

C

?languageskillintheinternationalcommunity.

A.similarB.difficultC.necessaryD.traditionalB

C

Ⅱ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式或漢語提示完成句子。每空—詞1.(2022·江蘇宿遷改編)—ManystudentsinourclasslikeJamesbecausehenevergetsangryeasily.—Iagreewithyou.Heisvery

patient

?(patience).

2.(2022·四川眉山改編)Theyoungmanisnewhereandhehasfewfriends.Sosometimeshefeels

lonely

?(孤獨(dú)的).

3.(2022·四川眉山改編)—Congratulations!Youhavejustpassedthedrivingtest.—Wow,thankyou.Iamso

excited

?(excite)tohearthegoodnews.

4.(2022·江蘇連云港)ChecktheanswerontheInternetifyouare

unsure/uncertain

?(不確定)aboutit.

patient

lonely

excited

unsure/uncertain

5.(2022·湖北隨州改編)Heisn’t

tall

?(高的)orshort.Heisofmediumheight.

6.(2022·四川成都改編)Schooleducationofferschancesfor

personal

?(person)developmenttohelpeachofusrealizeourdream.

7.(2022·新疆)Ithinkthecaris

cheap

?(便宜的)andIcanaffordit.

8.(2022·江蘇蘇州改編)Askingquestionsisoneofthe

easiest

?(easy)waystoleadyoutoactivelearning.

9.(2022·江蘇蘇州改編)Thedoctor’sadviceonkeepinghealthyis

worth

?(值得)taking.

10.(2022·云南改編)Everyonecanbean

active

?(積極的)persontomakeourmotherlandstronger.tall

personal

cheap

easiest