福建福州高三期末調(diào)研卷

B14福建省福州市2022屆高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量抽檢第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A2021HolidayShoppingGuideBooksManyAmericanssaytheyarereadingmore,accordingtoasurveyfrommarketresearchfirmStatista.Amazon's“FindaGift”sectionmakesshoppingthereeveneasier,butindependentbooksellersareworkinghardtokeepup,offeringsidewalkpickupandsometimesevenfreeshipping,andthey'reknownforofferingbookloverspersonalized,thoughtfulremendations.Findastorenearyouat.BicyclesBikeswereoneofthehottestitemsofthepastyear,thanksinparttoclosedgymsaroundthecountry.Infact,formonths,specialityshopsweresoldoutofallbutthepriciestspecialityrides,soifatwowheelertopsyourwishlist,startshoppingsoon,beforesupplieseshortagain.Ifyou'renotparticularlyhandy,looktobuyfromalocallyownedshop,whereyoucangetabikethat'salreadyfixedtogetherratherthanaboxfullofparts.WorkoutItemsAlsoinshortsupplythisyear:handweights,kettlebells,andotherpopularworkoutitems.Theymaystillbehardtofindorcrazyexpensive,soconsiderotherhealthhelperssuchasexercisebandsorjumpropesorshoppingatlessobvioussuppliers,suchasT.J.Maxx,supermarkets,orevenHomeDepot,wherewefoundsuchitemsinavarietyofbrightcolours.MasterClassesIt'salwaysagoodtimetolearnsomethingnew.Youcangetavirtualseatinaclasswithatopprofessionalinavarietyoffields,suchasballetwithfamousdancerMistyCopeland,fictionwritingwithchildren'snovelistR.L.Stine,orscientificthinkingwithNeildeGrasseTyson.Findthemandotherprosatmasterclass,whichcharges$180perseries.21.Whatpossiblymadebikesthehotsaleof2020?A.Closedshops. B.Gym'sshutdown.C.Limitedsupplies. D.Shoppinginconvenience.22.WhatisspecialaboutMasterClasses?A.Classestakenonline. B.$180forallclasses.C.Arequirementofartbackground. D.Learningfromthebestscientists.23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertisefitnessequipment.B.Toencourageholidayproduction.C.Tomakeshoppingremendations.D.Towarnagainstthetrapofshopping.BEducatorandcivilrightsactivistMaryMcLeodBethunewillsoonmakehistoryasthefirstblackpersontohaveastatueintheUSCapitol'sStatuaryHall,whenherstatuereplacesthatofageneral.Bethune,thedaughterofformerlyenslavedpeople,wasaninfluentialeducatorandactivistwhofoundedtheNationalCouncilofNegroWomen,advisedmultipleUSpresidentsandcreatedaboardingschoolforblackchildrenthatwouldlaterbeeBethuneCookmanUniversityinDaytonaBeach.The11footstatueweighsmorethan6,000lbs.ItwascreatedbyartistNildaas,whowaschosenfromafieldof1,600applicantsandisthefirstHispanicmastersculptortocreateastatuefortheNationalStatuaryHallStateCollection.Beforeshestartedsculpting,asconductedafouryearthoroughresearch,whichshecalled“abeautifuljourney”.ThestatuefeaturesBethunewearingacapandlongdressandapearlnecklace,holdingablackroseinonehandandawalkingstickintheother.She'sstandinginfrontofapileofbooks,withawarmsmileandwhatonelocalreporterdescribedaseyesthat“registerwisdomandkindness”.Thebaseofthestatueisinscribed(銘刻)withhername,herhomestate,birthanddeathdates,aswellasoneofhermostfamousquotes,“Investinthehumansoul.Whoknows,itmaybeadiamondintherough.”TheblackroserepresentsBethune'sworkineducation,aswellasherbeliefthat“l(fā)ovingthyneighbour”requiredinterracial,interreligiousandinternationalbrotherhood,accordingtoanonprofitorganization.

“Althoughthereisnospeciesofflowercalleda‘blackrose’,Dr.Bethunewasattractedbybeautyofarosewithaparticulardarkcolour,”itexplained.“Thesedarkrosesinstantlybecameherfavourite.Shethereafterreferredtoherpupilsasher‘blackroses’.”24.WhyhasBethune'sstatuebeensetup?A.BecausesheofferedmuchadvicetoUSpresidents.B.Becauseshewasthefirstblackpersontobeageneral.C.Becauseshecreatedthefirstuniversityforblackpeople.D.Becauseshewasadistinguishedblackeducatorandactivist.25.WhatareParagraphs3and4mainlyabout?A.Thesizeofthestatue. B.Theresearchofthestatue.C.Thecreationofthestatue. D.Thechoosingofthesculptor.26.Whatdoes“blackrose”inParagraph6standfor?A.Bethune'sfamousquotes. B.Bethune'sdevotionandfaith.C.Bethune'swisdomandkindness. D.Bethune'sinvestmentandreligion.27.WhatdoweknowaboutBethune?A.Ashaperofhumansoul. B.Afounderofanonprofitorganization.C.AneducatorforAfricanwomen. D.Abuilderofmodernuniversity.CAugusteRodinspentthebestpartoffourdecadesworkingonhismasterpieceTheGatesofHell.TheMonaLisa,bycontrast,tookLeonardodaVinciamere15yearsorso.Sowecanonlyimaginewhatthosemasterswouldthinkofanupandingartistwhocanknockoutplexworksinundertwohours.Notleastbecauseshe'sarobot.MeetAiDa,theworld'sfirstrobotartisttostageanexhibition,and,accordingtohercreator,everybitasgoodasmanyoftheabstracthumanpaintersworkingtoday.NamedinhonourofthepioneeringfemalemathematicianAdaLovelace,theartificialintelligence(AI)machinecandrawaportraitbysight,andposean“extremelybeautiful”paintingrichwithmeaning.Thehumanoidmachinecanwalk,talkandholdapencilorbrush.ButitisAiDa'sabilitytoteachitselfnewandevermoreplicatedmeansofcreativeexpressionthathassettheartworldexcited.Fromasimplephotograph,whetherabeeoratree,therobothasdoneabstractpaintingswarningofthefragility(脆弱性)oftheenvironmentthatwouldlookathomeinatopmoderngallery.

“Wejustcan'tpredictwhatshewilldo,whatshe'sgoingtoproduce,whatthelimitofheroutputis,”saidAidanMeller,whoisinchargeoftheUnsecuredFuturesexhibitionwhichopensonJune12,2019.Mellerisclearthathisgoalisnottoreplacehumanartists.Rather,heparestheriseofAIarttotheingofphotography.“Inthe1850severyonethoughtphotographywouldreplaceartandartists,butactuallyitbecameanewstylebringingmanynewjobs,”hesaid.“WearelookingforwardtotheconversationAiDabringsinaudiences,”saidLucySeal,researcherfortheproject.“Ameasureofherartisticpotentialandsuccesswillbethediscussionsheinspires.Engagingpeoplesothatwefeelempoweredtoreimagineourattitudestoorganiclifeandourfuturesisamajoraimoftheproject.”28.WhydoestheauthormentionAugusteRodinanddaVinci?A.Tosupportanidea. B.Tomakeaprediction.C.Tomakeacontrast. D.Toanalyzecharacters.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“l(fā)ookathome”inParagraph5mean?A.Lookfamiliar. B.Fitperfectly.C.Makeitathome. D.Feelfortable.30.WhatisthepurposeofthecreationofAiDa?A.Toimprovepaintingskills.B.Toenrichcontemporaryartforms.C.Tomeasurethepotentialofart.D.Toinspiredifferentviewsonhumanlife.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Arobotartistisabletoteachitself.B.AnAIartistdrawsinpenandbrush.C.Arobotartistwillreplacehumanartists.D.AnAIartistwilltaketheartworldbystorm.DWhenHowardBislawastaskedwithsavingalocalshopfromfinancialruin,hisconcernwasenergyefficiency.Heapproachedhiselectricityprovideraboutupgradingthelights.Theproviderhadanotheridea.Itofferedtoinstallanexperimentalcoolingsystem:panels(面板)thatcouldstaycolderwithoutconsumingenergy.Thepanelsnowsitontheshop'sroof,theirmirroredsurfacescoatedwithathincoolingfilmandangledtothesky.Theycoolliquidinpipesunderneaththatrunintotheshopand,togetherwithnewlights,havereducedelectricitybillsby15%.ThepanelscamefromadiscoveryatStanfordUniversity.Researcherstherecreatedamaterialthatstayedcolderthanitssurroundingsindirectsunlight.Sincethen,theyhavemadeahostofmaterials,includingfilms,paintsandtreatedwood,thatstaycoolintheheat.Thesematerialsallrelyonimprovinganaturaleffectknownaspassiveradiative(輻射的)cooling.Theyreflectlightinmuchthesamewayasmirrorsorwhitepaintsdo,buttheycandofarmore.Whenthematerialspointatthesky,therayscanpassthroughtheatmosphereandintospace.Thatlinksthematerialstoaheatsink,intowhichtheycankeepdumping(傾倒)heatwithoutitingback.Asaresult,theycanstayafewdegreescoolerthansurroundingair.Scientistshavetermedthemsupercoolmaterials.Thesematerialsmightalsoreducetheincreasingdemandforpowerhungryrefrigerationandairconditioning.ResearchershaveevensuggestedtheymighthelpEarthrespondtoglobalrisingtemperatures.Butmanymorearecautious.Sofar,howmuchelectricalpowercanbesavedhasbeenbasedondatafromsmallsamples.Therearealsodoubtsabouttheirabilitytoworkinavarietyofclimatesandplaces.Anotherunknowniswhetherconsumerswillembracetheidea.Evenreplacingwornoutroofswithreflectivewhiteoneshasnotbeenwidelyadopted.However,thismodellingworksuggeststhatuseofasupercoolpaintmightdoubletheenergysavings.“It'sabitofagamechanger,inasense,”accordingtoresearchers.32.Howdidtheshopgetoutoftrouble?A.Bycoolingliquidintheshop. B.Byadoptingacoolingsystem.C.Byquittingconsumingenergy. D.Bychangingelectricityproviders.33.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Aheatsink. B.Theworkingprinciple.C.Anaturaleffect. D.Thediscoveryprocess.34.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Consumersshouldbeawareofpowershortage.B.Ittakesmoreresearchtoexplorewiderapplication.C.Quickerresponseshouldbemadetorisingtemperatures.D.Thedemandforreflectivewhiteroofshasbeenreduced.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MagicPower:theGameChangingTechnologyB.Lightsout:LessEnergyConsumptionCanHelpC.TheNaturalCoolingthatDoublesEnergySavingsD.TheSuperCoolMaterialsthatSendHeatintoSpace第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Onawarmspringmorningin1984,DongYaohuiandhistwoyoungfriendspulledonbackpacksandsetoutonahikeoftheGreatWall.TheirwalkbeganinShanhaiPass.36Bysunset,theytookshelterinancienttowerswheresoldiersoncestoodguard,perhapswatchingforinvadersfromthenorth.

Thewalkof17monthsand8,850kilometrestestedpersistence.37Thetripwouldnotonlychangetheirlivesbutchangethefortunesofthewallitself,helpingpreserveitandliftittothestatusitholdstoday.

Onpletingtheirjourney,theypublishedtheirexperiencesinabook.Astheysharedtheiradventures,itbecameclearthatitwasnotjustthephysicaldemandsbutalsotheemotionalimpactthatleftlastingimpressions.38Sincethen,Chinahasmadeanumberofmeasurestoprotecttheattraction.In2006,forinstance,theStateCouncilissuedtheRegulationontheProtectionofGreatWalltostrengthenlawsconcerningitspreservationandregulateactivitiesonthestructure.

TheCulturalRelicsAdministrativeDepartmenthasbeengivencontrolovertheoverallprotectionoftheGreatwall.39

Dongplaceshishandsontheweatheredwall,ashedid38yearsago.Buttoday,hethinksmoredeeplyonamissiongranderthanhisownjourney.“Someonedugupsomeearth,makingitintoabrick,”hesays.“Someoneelsebroughtitallthewayupthemountainandbuiltawall.Thenmanypeopleguardedthewallforhundredsofyears.TheGreatWallisdefinitelyalive.40”

A.Itisn'tjustacold,stonewall.B.Preservationrequirestheeffortsofallsociety.C.Fromtheretheywentforwardtothevastwest.D.HespentthelastthreedecadesprotectingtheGreatWall.E.Itmadethemthefirstevertowalkthewholelength.F.Meanwhile,localvillagershaverecentlybeenhiredtoactasguardians.G.PreservationworkbeganwhentheGreatWallwaslistedasaWorldHeritageSite.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Bymorning,Arthurknewwhathehadtodoaftersittingallnight41.Hewentoutandglancedagainathismotorcycle.Therewasnohidingthe42frontlampandthedent(凹痕)ontheside.Arthurletoutasighandwenttorunerrands(跑腿)forhismotherfirst.

ItwaslatemorningbeforeArthurwasfreetocarryouthis43.HewenttowardJayPritchett'shouse.Whenthedooropened,Arthur44histhroatandsaid,“I'msosorry.Icarelesslyknockedintoyourparkedcar.”Jaylookedatthe17yearoldyouth,45.Arthurcontinued,“Sorryfornottellingyou46.Iwastoofrightened.”

Jaywassilentforaminutebeforesayingina47voice,“Youthinkitistherightthingto48foryourbrother?”Arthurwentpale,wideeyed.JayexplainedthathisbrotherhadadmittedhowhehadriddenArthur'smotorcycleandlost49,resultingintheaccident.Arthurasked50,“Willhebearrested?”“No,justasmalldent.”SeeingArthur's51expression,hewenton,“Ihope,52,yourbrotherwilllearnfromthis.Asforyou,rememberthatitis53tohidethetruth.”

Arthurthankedhimandsetoffhome.Hewas54ofhisbrother'scourageinadmittingeverything.Heknewhecouldlookforwardtoagoodnight's55.

41.A.working B.thinking C.studying D.crying42.A.broken B.stolen C.lighted D.repaired43.A.plan B.task C.job D.test44.A.cleaned B.clicked C.cleared D.cracked45.A.surprised B.disappointed C.concerned D.moved46.A.frankly B.firmly C.timely D.exactly47.A.cold B.loud C.sad D.kind48.A.turnup B.coverup C.putup D.fixup49.A.temper B.control C.confidence D.consciousness50.A.anxiously B.curiously C.calmly D.thoughtfully51.A.serious B.delighted C.relieved D.worried52.A.instead B.however C.otherwise D.moreover53.A.unwise B.impolite C.unfortable D.abnormal54.A.proud B.ashamed C.afraid D.sure55.A.treat B.party C.reward D.rest第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenIgotmyfirstlibrarycardinthemid1950s,my56(appreciate)fortheinstitutiondevelopedquickly.Thememoryof57(sink)intoanarmchairanddisappearingintothefarawayworldofpioneerlifeisstillvividtoday.

WhenIstudiedEnglishliteratureatuniversity,Ithought58besttobuildmyownlibrary.However,fortyyearsintomycollecting,Irealizedthatallthosebookshadbeeapartofthehouse.Towardtheend59myteachingcareer,Ibecameateacherlibrarian,60relightedmyloveforbeingsurroundedbybooks.

Myyearsasateacherlibrarianwerethemost61(reward)ofmycareer.EventhoughIwasanauthorityfigure,Iwasn'tinvolvedwithstudentassessmentsandevaluations.Iwasfreetomakethelibraryafortableandexcitingplace62(learn).

Whetherlibrariesarelocatedinschoolsorin63(munity),Ibelievetheyprovidestudentsandthepublicwithanopportunitytoengagewiththepast,thepresentandthefuture;allthatisrequired64(be)atouchofcuriosity.Librariesaredynamicplacesthathelpustoadjusttotheworld,andtheirdoorsmust65(keep)opentoeveryoneforfree.

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假設(shè)你是李華,你的筆友John想了解你校今年的校運(yùn)會,請你寫一封信,內(nèi)容包括:1.簡要情況(如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、項(xiàng)目等);2.印象深刻的一件事;3.校運(yùn)會的意義。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80詞左右,信件開頭結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù);2.不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名字。DearJohn,Gladtoreceiveyourlastletter,askingaboutthesportsdayofthisyear.

Bestwishes!Yours,LiH