Unit+3+The+Internet+Discovering+Useful+Structures+課件-【知識(shí)精講精研】高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)

Unit3TheInternetDiscoveringUsefulStructuresThepresentperfectpassivevoice肯定式主語(yǔ)＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主語(yǔ)＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑問(wèn)式Have/Has＋主語(yǔ)＋beendone...?特殊疑問(wèn)式特殊疑問(wèn)詞＋have/has＋主語(yǔ)＋beendone...?1.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)“及物動(dòng)詞+副詞”“及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”以及“及物動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。Atlasttheyputoutthefire.→Atlastthefirewasputout.Haveyousentforadoctor?→

Hasthedoctorbeensentfor?Myclassmatescaughtupwithmeinthisexam.→Iwascaughtupwithbymyclassmatesinthisexam.許多“不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”以及“不及物動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，也可以有賓語(yǔ)，也可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。Theboyslaughedathimforthefoolishmistake.→Hewaslaughedatforthefoolishmistake.Theylookeddownonpeasantsintheolddays.→Peasantswerelookeddownonintheolddays.2.帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的句子在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)的任何一個(gè)都可作被動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)。Theteachergave

thestudentanewbook.Thestudentwasgivenanewbook(bytheteacher).Anewbook

wasgiven

to

thestudent(bytheteacher)↓帶有雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,read,sell,buy,pay,lend,pass,promise等，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，一般將間接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。若將直接賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，間接賓語(yǔ)前面要用相應(yīng)的介詞。3.帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)要相應(yīng)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。EverybodycalledherBigSister.→ShewascalledBigSister(byeverybody).Peoplelastsawthelostgirlplayingneartheriver.→Thelostgirlwaslastseenplayingneartheriver.Ihaveobservedherentertheoffice.帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，若賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)為省略to的不定式充當(dāng)時(shí)，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中需將省掉的to加上。Shehasbeenobservedtoentertheoffice.4.有短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要注意保持短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的完整性，不能遺漏短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的介詞或副詞。如:

referto,

lookinto,

listento,

laughat,

dealwith,

turnto,

carryout,

setup,

thinkover等。It’ssaidthattheproblemhasbeenlookedinto.Theinjuredbirdhasbeenlookedaftersinceitwassaved.5.并不是所有的動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。如happen,occur,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組，沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Someofthebestconversationshaveeverhappenedaroundthedinnertable.Howmuchmoneyhasspentontheearthquakerecovery?Thegirlisreallyupsetbecausehernewbicyclehasstolen.Theseoldhouseshavebeenbuiltinthe18thcentury.beenbeenwereFindandcorrectthemistakeineachsentence.4.It’sapitythattheletterhasneversenttohisfather.5.Littlehadbeenseenofthemsincetheymovedintothehousedownthestreet.beenhas單句語(yǔ)法填空1.They___________(sell)tenapartmentsinthepastonehour.2.He______________(buy)apresentwhenshevisitedXinjiang.3.He______already____________(ask)tohelpyou.4.Thecompany______________(make)itsworkersworkhardrecently.5.Anotice_____already____________(putup)onthewall.6.Sincewerealizedthatweshouldstudyhard,ourtime_______________(make)fulluseof.7.Thesestreets__________________(notsweep)fortwodays.8.Howlong_______thebook___________(keep)?9.Howlongago______thepicture_________(take)?10.Thesegoods__________________(notship)abroadyet.havesoldwasboughtbeenaskedhashasmadehasbeenputuphasbeenmadehasn’tbeenswepthasbeenkeptwastakenhasn’tbeenshipped1.Fromwhat___________________(已被討論過(guò)的)above,wecandrawtheconclusionthatparentsareourbestteachers.2.Fortunately,alotofmeasures__________________(已被采取了)todealwiththeproblem.3.Twosuggestions___________________(已被提供)byourclassmates.4.People’shealth______________________(受到了很大的影響)byair,noiseandwater.5.Inspiteofthesechanges,theliberationofwomen______________________________________(沒(méi)有被完全認(rèn)識(shí)到)．hasbeendiscussedhavebeentakenhavebeenprovidedhasbeengreatlyaffectedhasnotbeencompletelyrealized1.functionn.功能；作用；機(jī)能

vi.起作用；正常工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)functionas

起……作用；具有……功能functionwell/normally

運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好/正常perform/fulfilla...function

履行……職責(zé)，發(fā)揮……作用performavarietyoffunctions

履行多種職責(zé)Thechaircanalso

functionasabed.

Inyournewjob,youwillperformavarietyoffunctions單句語(yǔ)法填空(1)Sofar,sixpeople________________(confirm)thattheywillattendthemeeting．完成句子(2)_____________________________(已被證實(shí))themeetingwilltakeplacenextweek．haveconfirmedIthasbeenconfirmed2.confirmvt.確認(rèn)；使確信

confirmationn.確認(rèn)，確定confirmsb.insth.

使某人確信某事confirmthat...證實(shí)……Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已確定……Tooursatisfaction,our