2022年4月自考00603英語(yǔ)寫作試題及答案含解析

英語(yǔ)寫作年月真題

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1、【問(wèn)答題】Thefollowingpassageisincompletewithoneparagraphmissing.

Studythepassagecarefullyandwritethemissingparagraphinabout100words.

Makesurethatyourtoneanddictionareinunitywiththepassageprovided.

GettingBackinShape—OneStepataTimeTheworstoftheepidemicappearsto

beover,andasummerofincreasingfreedomliesahead.Butwhatifoursummer

clothesnolongerfit?Thepastmonthsofdisruptedroutinesandnear-constant

stressandanxietydrovemanytoseekcomfortinfood,whichmeansmanyofushave

gainedweight.DietitianandauthorPaulaMeeisworriedthatthiswillmakeus

easytargetsforcompaniespeddlingdietandweight-lossproducts.Thus,she

suggestsamoremindfulapproachbasedonestablishinghealthierhabits:accepting

thatitwasnormaltogainweightduringlockdown,examiningyourlifestyle

factorsthatleadtoweightgaining,andstockingupyourfridgewithhealthier

snacks.Thefirststepistoacceptthatitwasnaturalandnormaltoturnto

foodforsolace.'Lockdownbroughtphysicalandmentalchallenges,'says

Mee.'Peoplehadtogiveupthegymandsports,andmanyreportednotsleepingwell.

Theuncertaintymeantpeoplespentmoretimeinthekitchen,nibblingandsnacking.

Foodwassomethingtheyfelttheycouldenjoysafely,anditofferedconsolation

anddistractionformany.'Thiscouldexplainwhysomanygainedweight.A

systematicreviewexaminingtheimpactofthelockdownonthebodyweightof59,711

peoplefrom32countriesfoundthatupto72%hadput

onweight.________________________________________________________________________

____________________________Thethirdstepistostockupyourfridgewith

healthysnacks.Astudysurveyed120,000healthymenandwomenoverthecourseof

20years.'Itdeterminedthatweightgainwasmoststronglyassociatedwiththe

intakeofcrisps,potatoeswithoutskins,sugar-sweetenedbeverages,andprocessed

andunprocessedredmeats,'saysMee.'Thefoodsassociatedwithweightloss

werefruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nuts,andyogurts.'Ultra-processedfoods

arehighinsalt,fat,sugar,andcaloriesbutlowinnutrition.Theytrigger

thebrain'srewardpathwaysandcausecravingsformore.So,you'dbetter

haveless-processedsnacksathand,likenuts,hard-boiledeggs,ornatural

yogurtswithsomechoppedfruits.'WhatItellmyclientsistotakestepsto

acceptthesituation,lookattheirlifestyle,whilemakingsmallchangesovertime

toimprovethequalityofthefoodtheyeat.Idon'tclaimtohavealltheanswers,

butIdoknowthosearehabitsthatmakeforhealthierlives,'saysMee.

答案：Thesecondstepistopayattentiontoyourlifestylefactors,

particularlysleepqualityandstresslevels.Alackofsleepisassociated

withimbalancesinthehormonesthatcontrolfeelingsofhungerandfullness.

Thesehormonalfluctuationsmayleadtoovereatingduetocravingsweet,high-

fat,andsaltyfoods.Chronicstressisalsoassociatedwiththosesame

cravingsforcalorie-densefoods.Mostofusdonotneedsnacksbetweenmeals

butwehavebeenmoretemptedthanusualduringlockdown.Learningtohandle

stresscouldhelpusstopsnacking,somethingmanyofushavestruggledwith

whileworkingfromhome,withthefridgeincloseproximity.【評(píng)分參考】1.

本部分滿分20分，按四個(gè)檔次給分。其中12分為及格分，需要慎重把握。2.提供的答

案僅供參考。如果考生的回答與參考答案意思相近，或思路新穎，且有創(chuàng)見(jiàn)，即使在整體

上不夠全面，也應(yīng)酌情給高分，但不得超過(guò)該題最高分值。如果考生的回答與參考答案不

完全吻合，但上下一致，語(yǔ)氣連貫，條理清晰，應(yīng)按正確答案給分。3.寫作的用詞量如

果不符合要求，應(yīng)酌情減分。4.拼寫錯(cuò)誤每四個(gè)扣1分，但不重復(fù)扣分。5.分值不得

岀現(xiàn)0.5分。第一檔（17-20分）上下連貫，意思完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚，很少

有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。第二檔（12-16分）上下較連貫，語(yǔ)言較通順，表達(dá)較清

楚，有少數(shù)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。第三檔（8-11分）上下基本連貫，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)不夠清

楚，有較多語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。第四檔上下不夠連貫，語(yǔ)言不夠通順，表達(dá)不清

楚，有大量語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

2、【問(wèn)答題】Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcomposea'Topic

Outline'forit.WhyHumorIsanEssentialLifeSkillMarkTwainsaidthatHumoris

thegreatthing,thesavingthingafterall.Theminuteitcropsup,allour

hardnessesyield,allourirritationsandresentmentsslipaway,andasunny

spirittakestheirplace.He'scertainlynotwrong.Humormayverywellbethe

greatthing.Ittouchesuponnearlyeveryfacetoflife-90%ofmenand81%ofwomen

reportthatasenseofhumoristhemostimportantqualityinapartner,a

crucialqualityforleaders,andevenaneffectivetreatmentforcancer.There's

nodoubtthathumorisalifeskillthateverybodyneeds.Buthowdowedefinehumor?

Therearethreemaintheoriesonwhathumorisandwhereitcomesfrom.

Relieftheoryarguesthathumorisawaytoreleasenervousenergy,blowing

offpsychologicalsteam.That'swhyjokestoldatfuneralsareoftenmetnot

withthesilencethatasomberoccasionlikethatwouldmeritbutwith

extremelyloudlaughterinstead.Superioritytheorywasoriginallyformulatedto

explainaspecifickindofhumor:Whywelaughatothers’misfortunes.Inthis

theory,humorisameansofdeclaringone'ssuperiorityoverothers.Ifyou're

lookingtocultivateasenseofhumortoimproveyourleadershipskills,thisis

notthekindyouwanttoacquire.Incongruitytheory(不協(xié)調(diào)理論)arguesthathumor

ariseswhentwocontrasting,distinctideasaremingled,oftenreversing

expectations.ConsiderOscarWilde's“Workisthecurseofthedrinking

classes”—it'sfunnybecauseitreversesnotonlyacommonphrasebutalsoamore

conventionalwayoflookingattheworld.Thenwhatarethebenefitsof

humor?Beingfunnyispossiblyoneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyour

health.Youcanalmostthinkofasenseofhumorasyourmind'simmune

system.Peopleatriskfordepressiontendtofallintodepressingepisodeswhen

exposedtosomekindofnegativestimuli,andafterwards,itbecomeseasierand

easierforthemtogobackintodepression.Howeverviewinganegativeeventina

humorouslightactsasakindofemotionalfilter,preventingthenegativemood

fromtriggeringadepressingepisode.Humordoesn'tjustguardagainst

depression.Italsoimprovespeople'soverallqualityoflife.Researchershave

foundthatpeoplewhoscorehighincertaintypesofhumorhavegreaterself-

esteem，strongerself-competence,morecontroloveranxiety,andbetter

performanceinsocialinteractions.Youmaywonderwhetheryouareableto

createhumor.Humorisatraitthatisbothinnateandlearnable.There'snosuch

thingasacompletelyhumorlessindividual—humorisafundamentalpartofhuman

nature.Inthepast,webelievedthatonlysomeculturesdevelopedhumor.butthis

beliefhaschanged.asnoculturehaseverbeenfoundtobedevoidoflaughterand

comedy.Humorisalsosomethingyoucanlearn.So,ifyouwanttoimproveyour

senseofhumor,trytolookonthefunnysideoflife,andtheworstthingthat

canhappentoyouisalaughortwoinyourlife.

答案：I.Introduction:Humorasanessentiallifeskill(Paragraph1)A.A

senseofhumordeemedasavitalquality/thegreatthingB.Thesis:Humoris

alifeskilleverybodyneeds.ⅡDefinitions/Theoriesofhumor(Paragraphs

2-4)A.Relieftheory,awayofreleasingnervousenergyB.Superioritytheory,

ameansofdeclaringone'ssuperiorityoverothersC.Incongruitytheory,a

tacticofreversingexpectationsIII.Benefitsofhumor(Paragraphs5-6)A.A

guardagainstdepression/Servingasthemind'simmunesystemB.Acatalyst

forhigherlifequality/ImprovinglifequalityIV.Conclusion:Believing

yournaturalsenseofhumorandlookingonthefunnysideoflife.(Paragraph7)

【評(píng)分參考】1.本部分滿分20分，按四個(gè)檔次給分。其中12分為及格分，需要慎重把

握。2.考生只能按題型要求寫出“TopicOutline",如用“SentenceOutline”或兩種混

用，則降檔處理。如寫成“Summary”或其它形式，則按0分處理。其中Thesis可置于

Introduction之前。3.提供的答案僅供參考。如果考生的回答在層次劃分上與參考答

案不一致，但條理清晰、合理，概括完整，應(yīng)按正確答案給分。4.拼寫錯(cuò)誤每四個(gè)扣1

分，但不重復(fù)扣分。5.分值不得出現(xiàn)0.5分。第一檔（17-20分）概括準(zhǔn)確，內(nèi)容

完整，語(yǔ)言通順，表達(dá)清楚。第二檔（12-16分）概括較完整，個(gè)別要點(diǎn)有遺漏，語(yǔ)

言較通順，表達(dá)較清楚。第三檔（8-11分）概括不夠全面，部分要點(diǎn)有遺漏，語(yǔ)言基

本通順，表達(dá)基本清楚。第四檔概括不全面，遺漏大部分要