Unit3BacktothepastReading知識(shí)點(diǎn)課件高中英語譯林版（2020）選擇性

Unit3BacktothepastReadingSailingthe

oceanIt’sinournaturetoexplore.Sailingtheoceans

ZhengHeInthesummerof1405,ZhengHe,oneofChina’sgreatestexplorers,setsailfrom

Taicangonhisfirstvoyage.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas,with

almost28,000peopleonboard,whichwasasplendidscene.Itwouldtake500years

beforealargerfleetsailedtheseas.Accordingtosomerecords,thelargestshipswere

over140metresinlength,demonstratingtheadvancedtechnologyandspecial

skillsusedinconstructingships.

碧海遠(yuǎn)航鄭和公元1405年夏，中國一位最偉大的探險(xiǎn)家鄭和從太倉起錨，開啟了他的首次遠(yuǎn)航。其船隊(duì)有船200余艘，載著近28000人，在碧海上乘風(fēng)破浪，場(chǎng)面極其壯觀。規(guī)模更大的航海船隊(duì)要到500年后才出現(xiàn)。據(jù)史料記載，鄭和船隊(duì)最大的船長逾140米，可知其造船技術(shù)之高超，工藝之獨(dú)特。Between1405and1433,onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.Hisshipswereloadedwithchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers,andthefleetpaidfriendlyvisitstomorethan30countriesandregions.HeevensailedasfarastheeastcoastofAfrica.Astheysailed,thenavigatorstookcompassreadings,keptlogsoftheirvoyagesandchartedthecoast.LaterthedetailedmapsbecameZhengHe’sNavigationMap.1405至1433年間，鄭和代表明朝總共進(jìn)行了七次航行。他的船隊(duì)滿載瓷器、絲綢、茶葉和其他奇珍異寶作為饋贈(zèng)異邦君王的禮品，先后對(duì)30多個(gè)國家和地區(qū)進(jìn)行了友好訪問。他最遠(yuǎn)甚至抵達(dá)了非洲東海岸。海員們一路上記錄羅盤刻度，書寫航海日志，繪制海岸地圖。這些詳細(xì)的地圖后來集為《鄭和航海圖》。1....navigatedtheblueseas,...(line2)v.tofindyourpositionandthedirectionyouneedtogo導(dǎo)航；v.tosailalong,overorthroughasea航行，航海v.tofindtherightwaytodealwithadifficultsituation找到正確的方法navigate-navigation-navigator1.Theriverbecametoonarrowandshallow___________(navigate).2.Hisfatherisanexpertin____________(navigate).3.Hebecamea_____________(navigate)duringthewar.Practicemakesperfect.navigationtonavigatenavigator2.Between1405and1433,onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalof

sevenvoyages.L71405年到1433年期間，鄭和代表明朝共進(jìn)行了七次航行。onbehalfofsb=onsb.’sbehalf:代表某人【語境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空。1)ThePresidentcan’tbeheretoday,soI’mgoingtospeakon________behalf.2)________behalfofourcompany,Iwouldliketoexpressourheartfeltthankstoyou.his

On2.Between1405and1433,onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.L71405年到1433年期間，鄭和代表明朝共進(jìn)行了七次航行。(2)atotalof:

numberoramount總數(shù)為

Theschoolhasatotalof1,776pupils.

翻譯：

。這所學(xué)?？傆?jì)有1776名小學(xué)生【語境應(yīng)用】單句語法填空。(1)atotalof...總共；……的總數(shù)intotal＝inall總計(jì)；總共(2)totallyadv.完全地；整個(gè)地1)Atotal____________27activitiesallowvisitorstohaveanunforgettableexperience.2)Therewereabout30people____________total.4)Herhusbandwas___________(total)astonishedbytheunexpectedvisit.ofintotally3....wereloadedwithchina,silk,tea...(line8)n.負(fù)載，負(fù)荷；（責(zé)任或憂慮的）沉重感v.裝上，裝入；裝子彈/彈藥loadsthinto/ontosth把...裝入/上...loadsthwithsth

用...裝載...aloadof/loadsof...

大量的...1.Wefinished___________(load)andsetoff.2.Sheloadedfilm_________thecamera.3.Sheloadedthecamera_______film.4.Shethoughtshewouldnotbeabletobeartheloadofbringing________herfamilyalone.5._________(know)thattheyhadarrivedsafelytookaloadoffmymind.6.Hecarrieda___________(load)gun.Practicemakesperfect.intowithloadingupKnowingloaded4....keptlogsoftheirvoyagesandchartedthecoast.(line11)n.正式記錄，原木；

日志v.把...載入日志；伐木keepalog/logsof...記錄...;寫...的日志log(sb.)in/on登錄，注冊(cè)log(sb.)off/out退出，注銷5....keptlogsoftheirvoyagesandchartedthecoast.(line11)n.apageorsheetofinformationintheformofdiagrams圖表n.adetailedmapofthesea海圖v.tomakeamapoftheareaorshowthefeatureinit繪制地圖v.torecordorfollowtheprogressordevelopmentofsb./sth.記錄，跟蹤v.toplanacourseofaction制定計(jì)劃Unit3Para.1&Para.2啟航L1在船上L3根據(jù)L4在長度上L5高超的技術(shù)L5代表L7總數(shù)L7-8被裝滿了...L8進(jìn)行友好訪問L9做記錄L11setsail

onboard

accordingto

inlength

advancedtechnology

onbehalfof

atotalof

beloadedwith...

payfriendlyvisitsto..

keeplogsof

ZhengHe’ssevenvoyageshadafar-reachingimpactonChinaanditsneighbours.InthecountriesandregionswhereZhengHesetfoot,legendshavebeenpassedonaboutthisgreatexplorer.ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingforeignpeopletoChineseculture,andallowingtheChinesetobetterunderstandoverseaslands.鄭和七次下西洋對(duì)中國及其鄰國產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。在鄭和到訪過的國家和地區(qū)，至今流傳著有關(guān)這位偉大探險(xiǎn)家的傳說。鄭和的努力有助于發(fā)展和鞏固中國與這些國家和地區(qū)的和睦關(guān)系，促進(jìn)中國文化的對(duì)外傳播，也增進(jìn)了中國對(duì)海外諸邦的了解。Formanyyears,somehistoriansdismissedtherecordsofthesevoyagesaslegends.ThefinalproofcamewhenanenormousshipyardwasdiscoveredinNanjing,wherethefleethadbeenbuilt.ZhengHe’saccomplishmentsarenowwidelyacknowledged,andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.多年來，一些歷史學(xué)家認(rèn)為這些航海活動(dòng)的記載只是傳說而不予理會(huì)。后來，鐵證出現(xiàn)了，在南京發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)巨大的造船廠，當(dāng)年鄭和的船便在此處建造。鄭和的成就在今天獲得公認(rèn)，他也作為中國最具影響力的探險(xiǎn)家之一被世人銘記。6....andstrengthenharmoniousrelationswith...(line16)adj.friendly,peacefulandwithoutanydisagreement和諧的，和睦的harmony-harmonious-harmoniouslybeinharmonywithsth與...和諧相處1.Theonlywayforustosurviveistolive______harmonywithnature.2.Inshort,agoodand________________(harmony)environmentathomeisnecessaryforachildtogrowhealthily.3.Ifirmlybelievethathumanshouldlivewithnature______________(harmonious).4.Theirharmoniousrelationshipresulted________theirsimilargoals.Practicemakesperfect.harmoniousfrominharmoniously7....somehistoriansdismissedtherecordsaslegends.(line18)v.不予考慮，對(duì)...不屑一提；摒除(思想、感情等)v.解雇；解散dismisssthas...

把某事當(dāng)成......不予考慮dismiss-dismissal1.Wecansafelydismisswhathesaid_____ajoke.2._________________________________(dismiss)herfears,sheclimbedhigher.3.At12o’clock,theclass___________________(dismiss).4.Hewasso___________________(responsible)thatIdecidedtodismisshim.5.Hestillhopestowinhisclaimagainsttheunfair_____________(dismiss).Practicemakesperfect.wasdismisseddismissalasirresponsibleDismissing/Havingdismissed8.ZhengHe’saccomplishmentsarenowwidelyacknowledged,andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.

鄭和的成就在今天獲得廣泛認(rèn)可，他也作為中國最具有影響力的探險(xiǎn)家之一被世人銘記。acknowledgevt.承認(rèn)(1)acknowledge...tobe/as... 承認(rèn)……是/為……

acknowledgedoing承認(rèn)做了某事

Itis(widely)acknowledgedthat... 人們(普遍)認(rèn)為……

Heiswidelyacknowledgedasoneoftheworld’sgreatestarchitects.

翻譯：

。

她被公認(rèn)為是全國最好的藝術(shù)家之一。

翻譯：

.他被公認(rèn)為是世界上最偉大的建筑師之一。Sheisacknowledgedtobe/asoneofthebestartistsinthecountry.9....heisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.(line21)adj.havingalotofinfluenceonsb./sth.有很大影響力的beinfluentialinsth./doingsth.

在(做)……有支配力influence-influential

1.Hehadbeeninfluential_______makingeconomicpolicy.2.Sheisoneofthemost______________(influence)figuresinlocalpolitics.3.Whatexactlyistheinfluenceofonlinegames__________teenagers?Practicemakesperfect.influentialinon/uponPara.3&Para.4對(duì)...有深遠(yuǎn)的影響L13傳承L14-15鞏固了和諧的關(guān)系L15-16使...接觸到...L16-17允許某人做某事L17把某事當(dāng)成不予考慮L18普遍認(rèn)為L20作為……而被銘記L21haveafar-reachingimpactonsth

passon

strengthenharmoniousrelationswith

exposesbto

allowsbtodosth

dismisssthas...

bewidelyacknowledged

berememberedas...

ChristopherColumbusThosewhomakegreatdiscoveriesmustoftenovercomemanychallengesalongtheway—aswasthecasewiththeexplorerChristopherColumbus.ColumbuswasborninaportcityofItalyin1451.Asateenager,helovedsailing,andheshowedgreatinterestingeography,whichinspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.克里斯托弗·哥倫布凡獲得偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)的人，往往必須戰(zhàn)勝重重磨難，探險(xiǎn)家克里斯托弗·哥倫布便是如此。1451年，哥倫布生于意大利一個(gè)港口城市。少年時(shí)代他就喜愛航海，對(duì)地理表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣。這些激勵(lì)他開始了海員生涯。Columbusinsistedon

searchingfor

adirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Aftercontinuousattempts,hereceivedfinancialsupportfromtheKingandQueenofSpain.On3August1492,hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.哥倫布決心橫渡大西洋，開辟一條直通東印度群島的航線。經(jīng)過不懈的爭(zhēng)取，他終于獲得了西班牙國王和王后的資助。1492年8月3日，他和約90名船員分乘三艘船從西班牙出發(fā)。Thejourneywasfullofchallenges:ittooklongerthanexpected,theyfacedashortageoffood,andoneoftheshipswasleakingbadly,whichputeveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.Themenonboardwereinpanic.Regardlessofallthechallenges,Columbusmanagedtokeepeveryoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeandbraveryacrosstheocean.這次航行中他們飽經(jīng)患難：航行時(shí)間超過預(yù)期，食物儲(chǔ)備不足，還有一艘船嚴(yán)重漏水，上面所有人都命懸一線。船上的人們都陷入了恐慌。哥倫布不顧所有的挑戰(zhàn)，憑借自己的知識(shí)和勇氣，確保大家都平安越過海洋。Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandinthedistance.ColumbuscalledthenativeslivingontheislandsIndiansbecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.However,theshorestheyhadreachedwereoftheCaribbean,nottheEastIndies.終于，10月12日那天，有船員看到遠(yuǎn)方的陸地。哥倫布深信來到了東印度，便將生活在島上的土著人稱為印地安人。然而，他們所到達(dá)的海岸其實(shí)屬于加勒比海地區(qū)，而不是東印度群島。10.ColumbusinsistedonsearchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.L5哥倫布決心橫渡大西洋，開辟一條直通東印度群島的航線。insistvi.&vt.①堅(jiān)決要求；堅(jiān)持說②堅(jiān)持

insistondoingsth.堅(jiān)決主張做某事

insistthat+sb.+(should)dosth.堅(jiān)持要求（賓語從句中用虛擬語氣，should可以省略）eg.Heinsisted______addressingmeas"Mr.Kennedy."eg.Somepeopleinsistthatinterestandtalentsshouldbeputfirstincareerchoosing.

翻譯：

。有些人認(rèn)為職業(yè)選擇時(shí)應(yīng)該把興趣和才能放在首位。on

11.On3August1492，hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.

在1492年8月3日，他帶著三艘船以及大約90個(gè)船員從西班牙出發(fā)了。

(1)departfrom 離開；開出；從…出發(fā)

departfor 開往…；去往…；動(dòng)身去…

(2)departure

n.離開，啟程eg.Flight45willdepart

____

Harbinat11:45a.m.andarriveinHongkongat2:30p.m.eg.Thebusdeparting

Torontoisabouttocloseitsdoors.翻譯：

___________________demonstratedhowunreliablehewas.

他突然離去，這說明他是多么不可靠。from

for

Hissuddendeparture12....puteveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.(line10)n.墳?zāi)筧dj.嚴(yán)重的，深切的；嚴(yán)肅的，表情沉重的grave-gravityfromthecradletothegrave從生到死;一生1.Theconsequences_________(be)verygraveifnothingisdone.2.Thepolicehaveexpressedgraveconcernaboutthemissing____________(child)safety.3.Haveyourealisedthe__________(grave)ofthesituation?4.Learningshouldbeanever-endingprocess,fromthecradle_______thegrave.Practicemakesperfect.child’sgravitywillbeto13.panic

n.驚恐，恐慌

vi.&vt.(使）驚慌，(使)驚慌失措inpanic

驚慌地getintoapanic

驚慌失措①Officeworkersfledinpanicasthefirebrokeout.火災(zāi)爆發(fā)時(shí)，辦公室人員驚慌逃離。②對(duì)即將到來的考試驚慌失措是沒用的。Itisnousegettingintoapanicaboutthecomingexam.14.Regardlessofallthechallenges,Columbusmanagedtokeepeveryoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeandbraveryacrosstheocean.哥倫布不顧所有的挑戰(zhàn)，憑借自己的知識(shí)和勇氣，確保大家都平安越過海洋。regardlessof：不管\不顧\不考慮eg.Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardlessofrace,religion,orsex.翻譯：

。法律要求平等對(duì)待所有人，不分種族、宗教或性別15.convince

vt.使確信，使相信；說服，勸說convincesb

todosth.

說服某人做某事convincesb

ofsth.

使某人相信某事他們?cè)噲D說服他去支持他們。Theytriedtoconvincehimtosupportthem.Between1493and1504,Columbusfoundmorelandoverthecourseofhisthreesubsequentvoyages.Themajorcontributionofthisgreatexploreristhathe“discovered”theNewWorld.HisdiscoveryinspiredexplorerssuchasCaptainJamesCooktoexploreanddiscovermorevastareasoftheworld.HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.Thisperiodalsoallowedforaninternationalexchangeofideasandcultures.1493至1504年，哥倫布又先后三次出航，途中發(fā)現(xiàn)了更多陸地。這位偉大探險(xiǎn)家最大的貢獻(xiàn)是“發(fā)現(xiàn)”新大陸。他的發(fā)現(xiàn)激勵(lì)了諸如詹姆斯·庫克船長這樣的探險(xiǎn)家去探索和發(fā)現(xiàn)世界更廣大的區(qū)域。他的航?；顒?dòng)開啟了大航海時(shí)代的新篇章，那是一個(gè)見證許多重大地理發(fā)現(xiàn)的時(shí)期。同時(shí)，這個(gè)時(shí)期也實(shí)現(xiàn)了思想和文化的國際交流。16.Thisperiodalsoallowedfor

aninternationalexchangeofideasandcultures.這個(gè)時(shí)期也實(shí)現(xiàn)了思想和文化的國際交流。allowfor:①

使成為可能②考慮到

③把……計(jì)算在內(nèi)eg.Itwilltakeabouttwohourstogetthere,allowingfortrafficjams.翻譯：

。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事eg.Thetwins,whohadfinishedtheirhomework,___________(allow)toplaybadmintonontheplayground.考慮到交通堵塞，到那里大約需要兩小時(shí)wereallowed沿途L1-2對(duì)……表現(xiàn)出興趣L3-4鼓勵(lì)某人做某事L4堅(jiān)持做某事L5離開L7食物短缺L9使...處于極大的危險(xiǎn)中L10驚慌地L11不顧，不管L11設(shè)法完成某事L11翻開新的篇章L20使……成為可能L22alongtheway

showgreatinterestinsth

inspiresbtodosth

insistondoingsth

departfrom

ashortgeoffoodput...ingravedanger

inpanicregardlessof

managetodosth

openanewchapterof...

allowforInthesummerof1405,ZhengHe,oneofChina’s________(great)explorers,setsailfromTaicang_______hisfirstvoyage.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas,withalmost28,000people____board,______wasasplendidscene.Accordingtosomerecords,thelargestshipswereover140metres___length,_______________(demonstrate)theadvancedtechnologyandspecialskills________(use)inconstructingships.Unit3greatestTextReviewononwhichindemonstratingused非限定從中，which指代前面整個(gè)句子時(shí)，從句謂語用單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語過去分詞短語作定語4.______behalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemade_____totalofsevenvoyages.5.Hisships_____________(load)withchina,silk,teaandothertreasures______giftsforforeignrulers.6.Inthecountriesandregions_______ZhengHesetfoot,legendshavebeenpassed_____aboutthisgreatexplorer.7.ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopand__________(strong)harmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingfo