2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)

2025屆新高考英語(yǔ)精品復(fù)習(xí)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)Nonfiniteverdsasadverbial考點(diǎn)精講一

、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式及句法功能不定式作狀語(yǔ)todo作狀語(yǔ)

將來(lái)、未完成！考點(diǎn)精講——不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)可以單獨(dú)放在句首、句中或句末。不定式前也可加inorder或soas，但soasto不能用于句首。1.Topassthecollegeentranceexam，wemustworkhard.2.Thebusstoppedinorderto/soastopickuppassengers.用法區(qū)分：todo,inordertodo,soastodo考點(diǎn)精講——不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)so+adj+astodosthsuch+n+astodosth…enoughtodosthtoo….to;onlytodosth(意料之外)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：1.Thisboxistooheavy（foralittlegirl）tolift2.Thequestionistoodifficult（forme

）toanswer.3.Heistoowillingtohelpothers.4.Thesoupistoodelicioustodrink5.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.6.Tomdidn'tgetuptoolatetocatchtheearlytrain.不要死記！TranslatethesesentencesintoChinese考點(diǎn)精講——不定式作原因狀語(yǔ)一，“主語(yǔ)（sb）＋系動(dòng)詞＋形/v-ed＋todo/tobedone”結(jié)構(gòu)中。常用于這類結(jié)構(gòu)表語(yǔ)有：sorry，surprised，disappointed，excited，glad，happy，anxious，delighted，pleased，foolish等

屬于狀態(tài)形容詞

。lamglad

(attend)herparty.lamglad

(invite)toherparty.toattendtobeinvited二，【注意】“主語(yǔ)(sth./sb.)＋系動(dòng)詞＋性質(zhì)形容詞＋todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常使用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。如easy，difficult，hard，cheap，expensive，fit，comfortable，heavy，good，important，impossible，dangerous等，不定式和主語(yǔ)之間存在

被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但常用主動(dòng)表示被動(dòng)。Thisbookisdifficult

.(understand)Themorningairissogood

thathegetsupearlyeveryday.tounderstandtobreathe

(breathe)主語(yǔ)(sth./sb.)＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞+(forsb)＋todoEngishishard(forus)tolearn.一、“sb＋系動(dòng)詞＋形/v-ed＋todo/tobedone”

狀態(tài)形容詞

lamglad

tobeinvitedtoherparty.二、“sth./sb.＋系動(dòng)詞＋形容詞+（forsb./sth.）+todo”性質(zhì)形容詞

Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.三、It(形式主語(yǔ))+be+形容詞+（forsb./sth.）+todoItishardforthestudentstolearnEnglishgrammar.四、with＋名詞/代詞＋todo區(qū)別:用todo還是tobedone分詞作狀語(yǔ)doing

主動(dòng)，進(jìn)行done被動(dòng)，完成分詞能作狀語(yǔ)的首要條件是：邏輯主語(yǔ)一致！考點(diǎn)精講——分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于when，while，before，since，as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。WhenthesentencewastranslatedintoEnglish，itwasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.

＝TranslatedintoEnglish，thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.考點(diǎn)精講——分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于because，since，as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。①BecauseWangXiuqiandidn’tunderstandthisproblem，heaskedtheteacheraboutitafterclass.＝②Becausehewasdefeatedbyhisdeskmate，hefeltdiscouraged.＝Notunderstandingthisproblem，WangXiuqianaskedtheteacheraboutitafterclass.Defeatedbyhisdeskmate，hefeltdiscouraged.考點(diǎn)精講——分詞作作條件狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于if，unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。IfI’mgivenanotherhour，Icanalsoworkouttheproblem.＝Y(jié)oushouldstaywhereyouare,unlessyouareaskedtoleave.＝Given

anotherhour，Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.Youshouldstaywhereyouare,unlessaskedtoleave.考點(diǎn)精講——分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)表示自然而然的結(jié)果，分詞前可接thus。MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina，makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.區(qū)分todo作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Tomtookataxitotheairport，onlytofindhisplanehighupinthesky.考點(diǎn)精講——作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)同時(shí)發(fā)生的次要的(或者伴隨的)動(dòng)作，常用逗號(hào)與句子主體部分隔開(kāi)，相當(dāng)于并列句或者并列謂語(yǔ)。OneeveningHarryphonedme，andheaskedmetocometohisflatassoonaspossible.＝OneeveningHarryphonedme，asking

metocometohisflatassoonaspossible.考點(diǎn)精講——作讓步狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于though，although，evenif等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Thoughhewaswarnedofthedanger，hestillwentskatingonthethinice.＝即使邀請(qǐng)我去，我都不想去聽(tīng)如此差的音樂(lè)會(huì)。Warnedofthedanger，hestillwentskatingonthethinice.Evenif(Iam)invited,Iwon'tgotosuchabadconcert.【注意】

某些過(guò)去分詞既不表被動(dòng)，也不表完成，而表一種狀態(tài)，如：lost、seated、hidden、absorbed、dressed、moved,tired、excited、pleased、surprised，interested等。Absorbedinhisbook，hedidn’tnoticemeentertheroom.Dressedinred，shelooksmorebeautiful.獨(dú)立成分做狀語(yǔ)有些分詞或不定式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，不受上下文的影響，稱作獨(dú)立成分。獨(dú)立成分含義generally/frankly/honestlyspeakingjudgingfrom/by...considering.../oconsideration/accounttotellyouthetruthseeing...given...comparedto/with...with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語(yǔ)with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)-----“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”1、Helayonthegrasswithhiseyes

atthesky.(look)2、Withhishair

，helookedmuchyounger.(cut)3、Withalotofhomework

，Ican’tgoskatingwithyou.(finish)with＋名詞/代詞＋doing.（表主動(dòng)）with＋名詞/代詞＋done.（表被動(dòng)）with＋名詞/代詞＋todo，

（表將來(lái)）lookingcuttofinish獨(dú)立主格做狀語(yǔ)什么是

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)？Withalotofhomework

todo，Ican’tgoskatingwithyou.Alotofhomework

todo，Ican’tgoskatingwithyou.為什么要用

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)？Witheverythingdone,wewenthome.

Everythingdone,wewenthome.

________(see)theGreatWallwinditswayoverthemountains，allofusfeltreallyamazed.Time__________(permit)，youcanpayavisittosomeplacesofinterestinHangzhou.答：因?yàn)榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，它是獨(dú)立存在。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練：Thefirstmapshowstemperatureanddensityoftheuniverseasitexpandedandcooled,thesecondmap

(illustrate)themassandsizeofallobjectsintheuniverse.---常州教育學(xué)會(huì)監(jiān)測(cè)期中試題Seeingpermittingillustrating為什么要用

獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)？Astherewillbemuchworktodotonight，wecan’tgotoseethefilm.＝Muchworktodotonight，wecan’tgotoseethefilm.Ifweatherpermits，theywillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.＝Weatherpermitting，theywillgoonanoutingtothebeachtomorrow.Hewaslyingonthegrass，andhishandswerecrossedunderhishead.＝Hewaslyingonthegrass，hishandscrossedunderhishead.用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫以下句子?！緦?duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】考點(diǎn)分層演練

解題策略第一步:句中已有謂語(yǔ),且空處不是并列謂語(yǔ),確定填非謂語(yǔ) 第二步 :判斷用哪種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 第三步 :確定非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)層級(jí)一

高考真題練單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20，________

(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.(2022·全國(guó)甲)2.Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachairontothebalcony，andclimbedup_______(see)them.(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)3.Therehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years，________(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures，accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.(2021·北京)planningcausedtosee層級(jí)二

語(yǔ)篇提能練1.周日晚上的這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)被認(rèn)為起于九樓，并迅速蔓延至整棟大樓，導(dǎo)致九樓以上的人被困。Thefire，whichisthoughttohavestartedfromthe8thfloor，spreadquicklythroughthetowerblockonSundaynight，(leave＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ))Forinstance，onceabigfirecameabout

inahousingestate.Thenthecommunitygotintoamess，leavingpeopleontheupperfloorstrapped.2.舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，有一次一個(gè)屋發(fā)生大火。然后小區(qū)就陷入了一片混亂，狗在狂吠，居民在尖叫。dogsbarkingandresidentsscreaming.

BOOK2UNIT13.那位女士被指控偷了商店里的東西，她站在那里，羞愧地垂著頭。(讀后續(xù)寫之情感描寫)________________________________________________，theladystoodthere，hangingherheadinshame.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))Accusedof/Chargedwithstealingthingsintheshop4.在被說(shuō)服改變態(tài)度之后，我終于做出承諾要好好學(xué)習(xí)。_____________________________________________________，Ifinallymadeatocommitmentstudyinghard.Havingbeenpersuadedtochange/intochangingmyattitude

難點(diǎn)突破比較：tobedone、beingdone、havingdone、

havingbeendone、done.

難點(diǎn)突破IfIwasgivenanotherchancebyGod,IwouldtellhellIloveher.

IwouldtellhellIloveher.Whenwewereshownaroundthelibrary,wewereattractedbyitsdesign.

wewereattractedbyitsdesign.AlthoughIwastoldmanytimestodothehomework,Icouldn’tdo.

Icouldn’tdo.Afterhehanded

inthepaper,helefttheroom.

helefttheroom.Afterwewereshownaroundthelibrary,wecametothehalltoenjoydinner.

wecametothehalltoenjoydinner.GivenanotherchancebyGod,Shownaroundthelibrary,Toldmanytimestodothehomework,Havinghandedinthepaper,Havingbeenshownaroundthelibrary,

1.Tomwasabsorbedinhiswork，soheforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.①

，Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))②

，Tomforgottoinformmeofthetimeofthemeeting.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))AbsorbinghimselfinhisworkAbsorbedinhiswork

難點(diǎn)突破2.牛頓忙著在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做實(shí)驗(yàn)，沒(méi)有注意到他的朋友已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。①

，Newtondidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))②

，Newtondidnotnoticehisfriendhadleft.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))EmployedindoingexperimentsinthelabEmployinghimselfindoingexperimentsinthelab

難點(diǎn)突破3.Peoplemayriskgoingdeafiftheyareexposedtoveryloudmusiceveryday.①

，peoplemayriskgoingdeaf.②

，peoplemayriskgoingdeaf.ExposedtoveryloudmusiceverydayExposingthemselvestoveryloudmusiceveryday4.Iabandonedmyselftocomputergames.Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexaminationandupsetmyparents.①

，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexaminationandupsetmyparents.②

，Iperformedextremelybadlyintheend-of-termexaminationandupsetmyparents.AbandoningmyselftocomputergamesAbandonedtocomputergames語(yǔ)

法鏈接寫作1.作狀語(yǔ)用分詞生動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)練典例(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)大衛(wèi)聽(tīng)了我的話，露出了燦爛的笑容，站起來(lái)朝起跑線走去。Hearingmywords，Davidbeamedabigsmile，stoodupandmovedtowardsthestartingline.運(yùn)用(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)父親輕輕地拍著他們的肩膀，用溫柔的聲音說(shuō)：“親愛(ài)的，愛(ài)才是最重要的。讓我們一起吧?！盻___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Pattingthemgentlyontheshoulders，thefathersaidinawarmvoice，“Darling，itislovethatcounts.Let’sdothistogether.”典例(2020·浙江7月)被這只熊不停地用力推，籬笆很快就散架了。Pushedhardconstantlybythebear，thefencesoonfellapart.運(yùn)用(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)雖然筋疲力盡，但是大衛(wèi)到達(dá)了終點(diǎn)線，所有的學(xué)生都為他歡呼。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Wornout，Davidreachedthefinishinglineandallthestudentscheeredforhim.2.表目的，不定式適當(dāng)提前典例(2022·全國(guó)甲)而且，為了呼吁更多的人來(lái)保護(hù)海洋，我們還可以發(fā)傳單。What’smore，tocallonmorepeopletoprotecttheocean，wecanalsohandoutleaflets.運(yùn)用(2021·上海)為了更高效地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，你最好選擇聽(tīng)說(shuō)課程。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TolearnEnglishmoreefficiently，youhadbetterchoosetheListeningandSpeakingcourse.3.havingdone比after從句光鮮靚麗典例(2022·新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ)在確認(rèn)了大衛(wèi)想跑就跑的情況后，我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身發(fā)現(xiàn)他朝我走來(lái)，他瘦小的身體隨著他的雙腳向前擺動(dòng)而左右搖晃。HavingmadesurethatDavidcouldrunifhewantedto，Iturnedaroundtofindhimcomingtowardsme，hissmallbodyrocki