浙江省五校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三下學期3月聯(lián)考英語試題(解析版)

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省五校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學年高三下學期3月聯(lián)考英語試題第I卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)略第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AOklahomaSchoolTestingProgramforEnglishLanguageArtsPurposeThistestingassessmentsystemutilizesdifferenttypesofassessmenttogathermultiplepiecesofevidencetoprovidetimely,relevant,actionable,andreliableinformationaboutwhatstudentsknowandcandorelativetoasetofstandards.TestStructure,Format,andScoringTheEnglishLanguageArtsoperationaltestismeanttobeadministeredintwosessionswithinonedaywithabreakbetweensessionsorontwoinstructionaldaysinarow.Eachsectionofthetestconsistsof25operationalitemsand5field-testitems.Shortconstructed-responseitemsprovidestudentswiththeopportunitytorespondtoitemsintheirownwords.Atypicalresponseis1-3sentences.Eachmultiple-choiceitemisscoredascorrectorincorrect.Technology-enhanceditemsareworthonepointandarescoredascorrectorincorrect.TestAdministrationDetailsPaper/penciltestingisadministratedinthistest.Duetothenatureofapapertestbooklet,studentsmayhavetoflippagestoreadpassagesandtoreadtheassociatedtestitems.Studentswillbeabletousescratchpaperand/orunmarkedgrid(方格)paperforthepaper.Thescratchpapermustbecollectedanddestroyedbythetestadministratorimmediatelyfollowingthetest.1.Howmanytestitemsarethereintotal?A.25. B.30. C.50. D.60.2.Whatisprohibitedinthetest?A.Takingawayscratchpaper. B.UsingaPencil.C.Usingunmarkedgridpaper. D.Flippingpages.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Acourseplan. C.Anexampaper. D.Anexamguideline.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要對俄克拉荷馬州英語語言藝術學校測試計劃進行了詳細的說明和介紹，為讀者提供了關于這一測試計劃的具體信息和細節(jié)?！即鸢浮?.D2.A3.D【1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TestStructure,Format,andScoring部分中的“TheEnglishLanguageArtsoperationaltestismeanttobeadministeredintwosessionswithinonedaywithabreakbetweensessionsorontwoinstructionaldaysinarow.Eachsectionofthetestconsistsof25operationalitemsand5field-testitems.(英語語言藝術操作測試將在一天內分兩次進行，中間有休息時間，或者連續(xù)兩天進行。每段測試由25個操作項目和5個現(xiàn)場測試項目組成。)”可推斷出，每個測試部分包含25個操作項目和5個現(xiàn)場測試項目，并且測試包含兩次，由此可知，總測試項目數(shù)為：25（操作項目）+5（現(xiàn)場測試項目）=30個項目，然后30*2=60。故選D。【2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TestAdministrationDetails部分中的“Thescratchpapermustbecollectedanddestroyedbythetestadministratorimmediatelyfollowingthetest.(考試管理員必須在考試結束后立即收集并銷毀草稿紙。)”可知，草稿紙必須由考試管理員在考試結束后立即收集并銷毀，由此可知，考生不可以帶走草稿紙。故選A。【3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內容可知，文章詳細描述了俄克拉荷馬州英語語言藝術學校測試計劃的目的、測試的結構和格式、評分方式以及測試管理的細節(jié)等。這些內容通常出現(xiàn)在為考生或教師提供關于如何進行和管理考試的指南或手冊中。故選D。BItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.Usually,children,witheyesthatseeallandmindsthatarestillfreetowonder,areextraordinarilyacceptingthechangesinroutine,theshiftinseasons.Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.Andthesideeffectwastotalhairloss.Itshouldgrowbackeventually,butmymotherdecidedtohaveawig(假發(fā))tocoverherhead.Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.Whensheisalone,sheusuallyleavesherheaduncovered,findingthewiguncomfortablewhenunnecessary.“Grandmahasnohair,”Seansaid,becausewehadcaughtherbysurprise.“Iknow,Sean.Isn’titfunny?”Iaskedhimasmymomjoinedusinthelivingroom.WeexplainedtohimthatGrandmahadtotakemedicinethatmadeherhairgoaway,butitwouldcomeback.“Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.4.WhathashappenedtoGrandmaovertheyear?A.Shehasrefusedothers’visits. B.Shehaspulledthroughthecancer.C.Shehaslostherfightwiththetumor. D.Shehasrecoveredwithoutsideeffects.5.WhywasSeansurprisedwhenvisitingGrandma?A.BecausehefoundGrandmatiredandthin.B.BecausejustoverheardGrandma’scancer.C.Becausehecouldn’tacceptGrandma’sappearance.D.BecausehehadneverseenGrandmahairlessbefore.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGrandma?A.Lovingandoptimistic. B.Loyalandhonest.C.Humbleandcommitted. D.Generousandhumorous.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorconveyinthetext?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining. B.Neverjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Lovegoesbeyondphysicalchanges. D.Whatdoesn’tkillusmakesusstronger.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者帶兒子去看望因癌癥化療而脫發(fā)的母親，以及兒子對母親變化的好奇和母親的大方應對，展現(xiàn)了母子之間的深厚情感。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.A7.C【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ItisOctoberagain.Ithasbeenayearsincemymotherwasdiagnosedwithlungcancer;ayearsinceshestartedhergood,bravefight.Ithasbeenayearmarkedwithsomanymilestones,somanysharedsmilesandsecretfears.(又是十月。我母親被診斷出患有肺癌已經(jīng)一年了；一年前她開始了勇敢的戰(zhàn)斗。這是一個里程碑式的一年，有很多共同的微笑和秘密的恐懼。)”以及第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.Shealsocamethroughthinandtired.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術。她也挺過來了，又瘦又累。)”可知，作者的媽媽在過去的一年里戰(zhàn)勝了癌癥。故選B?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisweek,however,whenItookmytwoyoungerboyswithmeforavisittoMom’swithouttellingherinadvance,Seanranintoherbedroomtogreether,thenquicklyreturnedtothelivingroomtotalktome.“Mom,”myfour-year-oldwhispered,carefulnottobeoverheardoroffending,“Grandmahasnohair.”(然而，這個星期，當我?guī)е鴥蓚€小兒子去拜訪媽媽時，沒有事先告訴她，Sean跑進她的臥室迎接她，然后迅速回到客廳和我說話?！皨寢?，”我四歲的孩子小聲說，生怕被人聽到或冒犯，“奶奶沒有頭發(fā)?！?”可知，Sean看到奶奶沒有頭發(fā)的時候感到很驚訝。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Shewearsitmostlyforthecomfortofothers.(她戴它主要是為了讓別人舒服。)”可知，奶奶戴假發(fā)是為了讓別人舒服，由此可知，奶奶非常有愛心；再根據(jù)文章第三段“Momcamethroughhersurgerythatremovedthetumor(腫瘤)inherlungwithfaithandgrace.(媽媽帶著信心和優(yōu)雅完成了切除肺部腫瘤的手術。)”和最后一段““Wouldyouliketotouchmyhead,Sean?”mymotheraskedasmysonstaredather,hisblueeyesfilledwithquestionsandcuriosity.(“你想摸摸我的頭嗎，Sean？”媽媽問，兒子盯著她，藍眼睛里充滿了疑問和好奇。)”可知，她對生活的態(tài)度是積極向上、樂觀的。故選A。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Itissurprisingtoseeyourmother—oranyoneyoulove—withouthair,butsurprisinglyit’ssomethingthatyoucangetusedtoquickly.Weare,afterall,notreallythesebodies—thesearejusttheshellsthattransportwhoweare,andnomatterwhatthephysicalchanges,thoseconnectedbyloveseemtobeabletorecognizetheirown.(看到你的母親或任何你愛的人沒有頭發(fā)是令人驚訝的，但令人驚訝的是，這是你可以很快習慣的事情。畢竟，我們并不是這些真正的身體——這些只是承載我們的軀殼，不管身體發(fā)生了什么變化，那些被愛聯(lián)系在一起的人似乎都能認出自己。)”以及全文內容可知，這篇文章講述了作者母親的故事，她接受了癌癥治療，導致脫發(fā)。當作者四歲的兒子注意到這種變化并表示好奇時，母親的回應是開放的，并允許他觸摸她的頭。這種互動凸顯了作者的信念，即愛超越了身體的變化。盡管母親的外表因疾病而改變，但她和兒子之間植根于愛的聯(lián)系仍然沒有動搖。作者認為，無論身體發(fā)生怎樣的變化，那些被愛聯(lián)系在一起的人都能認識并接受對方。因此，作者想要傳達的信息是，愛比外表更深刻、更持久，它超越了任何可能發(fā)生的身體變化。故選C。CUsersofGoogleGemini,thetechgiant’sartificial-intelligencemodel,recentlynoticedthataskingittocreateimagesofVikings,orGermansoldiersfrom1943producedsurprisingresults:hardlyanyofthepeopledepictedwerewhite.Otherimage-generationtoolshavebeencriticizedbecausetheytendtoshowwhitemenwhenaskedforimagesofentrepreneursordoctors.GooglewantedGeminitoavoidthistrap;instead,itfellintoanotherone,depictingGeorgeWashingtonasblack.Nowattentionhasmovedontothechatbot’stextresponses,whichturnedouttobejustassurprising.Geminihappilyprovidedargumentsinfavorofpositiveactioninhighereducation,butrefusedtoprovideargumentsagainst.Itdeclinedtowriteajobadforafossil-fuellobbygroup(游說團體),becausefossilfuelsarebadandlobbygroupsprioritize“theinterestsofcorporationsoverpublicwell-being”.AskedifHamasisaterroristorganization,itrepliedthattheconflictinGazais“complex”;askedifElonMusk’stweetingofmemeshaddonemoreharmthanHitler,itsaiditwas“difficulttosay”.Youdonothavetobeacritictoperceiveitsprogressivebias.Inadequatetestingmaybepartlytoblame.GooglelagsbehindOpenAI,makerofthebetter-knownChatGPT.Asitracestocatchup,Googlemayhavecutcorners.Otherchatbotshavealsohadcontroversiallaunches.Releasingchatbotsandlettingusersuncoveroddbehaviors,whichcanbeswiftlyaddressed,letsfirmsmovefaster,providedtheyarepreparedtoweather(經(jīng)受住)thepotentialrisksandbadpublicity,observesEthanMollick,aprofessoratWhartonBusinessSchool.ButGeminihasclearlybeendeliberatelyadjusted,or“fine-tuned”,toproducetheseresponses.ThisraisesquestionsaboutGoogle’sculture.Isthefirmsofinanciallysecure,withvastprofitsfrominternetadvertising,thatitfeelsfreetotryitshandatsocialengineering?Dosomeemployeesthinkithasnotjustanopportunity,butaresponsibility,touseitsreachandpowertopromoteaparticularagenda?AlleyesarenowonGoogle’sboss,SundarPichai.HesaysGeminiisbeingfixed.ButdoesGoogleneedfixingtoo?8.Whatdothewords“thistrap”underlinedinthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Havingaracialbias. B.Respondingtowrongtexts.C.Criticizingpoliticalfigures. D.Goingagainsthistoricalfacts.9.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Gemini’srefusaltomakeprogress. B.Gemini’sfailuretogivedefiniteanswers.C.Gemini’sprejudiceintextresponses. D.Gemini’savoidanceofpoliticalconflicts.10.WhatdoesEthanMollickthinkofGemini’searlylaunch?A.Creative. B.Promising. C.Illegal. D.Controversial.11.WhatcanweinferaboutGooglefromthelastparagraph?A.Itssecurityisdoubted. B.Itlacksfinancialsupport.C.Itneedsfurtherimprovement. D.Itsemployeesareirresponsible.【語篇解讀】本文為一篇新聞報道。文章主要圍繞谷歌的人工智能模型Gemini的表現(xiàn)進行了描述和分析，指出了該模型在生成圖像和文本回復時出現(xiàn)的問題，以及這些問題可能反映出的谷歌公司文化和戰(zhàn)略考量?！即鸢浮?.A9.C10.D11.C【8題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“UsersofGoogleGemini,thetechgiant’sartificial-intelligencemodel,recentlynoticedthataskingittocreateimagesofVikings,orGermansoldiersfrom1943producedsurprisingresults:hardlyanyofthepeopledepictedwerewhite.Otherimage-generationtoolshavebeencriticizedbecausetheytendtoshowwhitemenwhenaskedforimagesofentrepreneursordoctors.(科技巨頭谷歌的人工智能模型GoogleGemini的用戶最近注意到，讓它創(chuàng)建維京人或1943年的德國士兵的圖像產(chǎn)生了令人驚訝的結果:幾乎沒有一個被描繪的人是白人。其他圖像生成工具也受到了批評，因為當被要求提供企業(yè)家或醫(yī)生的圖像時，它們往往會顯示白人男性。)”可推測，“thistrap”指的是前面提到的其他圖像生成工具在生成圖像時存在的種族偏見問題。而谷歌的 Gemini想要擺脫這種陷阱，卻又掉入了另一個——把喬治.華盛頓描繪成黑人。故選A。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Geminihappilyprovidedargumentsinfavorofpositiveactioninhighereducation,butrefusedtoprovideargumentsagainst.Itdeclinedtowriteajobadforafossil-fuellobbygroup(游說團體),becausefossilfuelsarebadandlobbygroupsprioritize“theinterestsofcorporationsoverpublicwell-being”.AskedifHamasisaterroristorganization,itrepliedthattheconflictinGazais“complex”;askedifElonMusk’stweetingofmemeshaddonemoreharmthanHitler,itsaiditwas“difficulttosay”.Youdonothavetobeacritictoperceiveitsprogressivebias.(Gemini樂于提供支持高等教育的積極行動的論據(jù)，但拒絕提供反對的論據(jù)。它拒絕為化石燃料游說團體寫招聘廣告，因為化石燃料不好，游說團體優(yōu)先考慮“公司的利益而不是公眾的福祉”。當被問及Hamas是否是恐怖組織時，它回答說，加沙的沖突是“復雜的”；當被問及ElonMusk在推特上發(fā)布的表情包是否比希特勒造成的傷害更大時，該公司表示“很難說”。即使你不是批評家，也能看出它的進步偏見。)”可知，第二段主要講述的是Gemini在回復信息時有自己的偏見。故選C。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“GooglelagsbehindOpenAI,makerofthebetter-knownChatGPT.Asitracestocatchup,Googlemayhavecutcorners.Otherchatbotshavealsohadcontroversiallaunches.

Releasingchatbotsandlettingusersuncoveroddbehaviors,whichcanbeswiftlyaddressed,letsfirmsmovefaster,providedtheyarepreparedtoweather(經(jīng)受住)thepotentialrisksandbadpublicity,observesEthanMollick,aprofessoratWhartonBusinessSchool.(在奮力追趕的過程中，谷歌可能走了捷徑。其他聊天機器人的發(fā)布也引發(fā)了爭議。沃頓商學院教授EthMollick表示，發(fā)布聊天機器人，讓用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)可以迅速解決的奇怪行為，可以讓企業(yè)更快地行動，前提是它們準備好經(jīng)受住潛在風險和負面宣傳。)”可知，EthanMollick觀察到發(fā)布聊天機器人并讓用戶發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的行為，如果公司準備好承受潛在的風險和負面宣傳，可以迅速解決這些問題，從而讓公司更快地行動。這表明他認為Gemini的早期發(fā)布是有爭議的，因為它可能帶來一些未預料到的問題和負面反應。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“ButGeminihasclearlybeendeliberatelyadjusted,or“fine-tuned”,toproducetheseresponses.ThisraisesquestionsaboutGoogle’sculture.Isthefirmsofinanciallysecure,withvastprofitsfrominternetadvertising,thatitfeelsfreetotryitshandatsocialengineering?Dosomeemployeesthinkithasnotjustanopportunity,butaresponsibility,touseitsreachandpowertopromoteaparticularagenda?AlleyesarenowonGoogle’sboss,SundarPichai.HesaysGeminiisbeingfixed.ButdoesGoogleneedfixingtoo?(但Gemini顯然經(jīng)過了刻意調整，或“微調”，以產(chǎn)生這些反應。這引發(fā)了對谷歌文化的質疑。這家公司從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣告中獲得巨額利潤，在財務上如此安全，以至于它可以自由地嘗試社交工程嗎？是否有些員工認為它不僅有機會，而且有責任利用其影響力和權力來推動特定的議程？現(xiàn)在所有的目光都集中在谷歌的老板SundarPichai身上。他說Gemini正在被修復。但谷歌也需要修復嗎？)”可知，最后一段提出了對谷歌文化的質疑，并暗示該公司可能在微調其人工智能模型Gemini時采取了一些自由，導致了意想不到的反應。這意味著該模型存在需要解決和糾正的問題，表明谷歌在該領域仍有改進的空間。故選C。D“TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.SusanGoldin-MeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.Virtuallyeveryonegestures,notjustItalians.Experimentalsubjects,toldafteraresearchsessionthattheywerebeingwatchedforgestures,apologizefornothavingmadeany—butweredoingsotheentiretime.Peoplebornblindgesturewhentheyspeak,includingtoeachother.Awomanbornwithoutarmsbutwith“phantomlimbsyndrome(幻肢綜合征)”describeshowsheusesherphantomarmswhenshetalks—butnotwhenshewalks.Allthissuggeststhatcognitionis,tosomeextent,“embodied”;thinkingisnotalldoneinyourhead.Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiasesofwhichtheymaybeunaware.In“TheCrown”,ahistoricaldramaseries,LadyDianaiswarnedthatherhandsmaybetrayherrealemotions,whichcouldbedangerous;theyaretiedtogethersoshecanlearntospeakwithoutgesticulating.NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisasophisticatedaidtoboth.12.WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldjokeinParagraph1?A.Topresentanargument. B.Todescribeascene.C.Toleadinthetopic. D.Toclarifyadoubt.13.WhichstatementwillSusanGoldin-Meadowprobablyagreewith?A.Thedisabledseldomusegestures. B.Gesturesliterallyembodycognition.C.Thinkingonlyoccursinsidethebrain. D.Gesturesareimproperincommunication.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoproveinthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Gesturesmayexpresswhatthespeakerreallythinks.B.Peopleareunawareofthemeaningsoftheirgestures.C.Gesturingduringspeechshowsonlyalackofcontrol.D.Speakerscanliemoreeasilywiththehelpofgestures.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Speech:ADirectChannelofInformation B.Gestures:AVitalFormofCommunicationC.Italian’sBodyLanguage:ANationalStereotype D.ThinkingwithYourHands:ALifetime’sResearch【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了芝加哥大學的蘇珊·戈爾丁-梅多的新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，她認為情緒以多種方式表現(xiàn)出來：面部表情、姿勢、語調等等。但是，當人們在說話時使用手勢時，他們的行為是不同的?！即鸢浮?2.C13.B14.A15.B【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““TieanItalian’shandsbehindhisback,”runsanoldjoke,“andhe’llbespeechless.”Thisrestsonanationalstereotype:Italiansaretalkativeandemotional,andallthatarm-wagglingsupposedlygoestoproveit.(“把意大利人的手綁在背后，”一個老笑話說，“他會啞口無言?！边@是基于一個民族的刻板印象：意大利人健談、情緒化，所有的握手都被認為是證明這一點的證據(jù)。)”以及第二段“Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.(但是，當人們在說話時使用手勢時，他們的行為是不同的，她在新書的標題中總結了這一點，“用你的手思考”。這是一次對一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，作者在第一段提到關于意大利的老笑話是為了引出本文的主題——手勢在交流中的重要性。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“SusanGoldin-MeadowoftheUniversityofChicagohasaratherdifferentview.Emotionscomeoutinlotsofways:facialexpressions,posture,toneofvoiceandsoon.Butpeoplearedoingsomethingdifferentwhentheyusegestureswithspeech,whichshesumsupinthetitleofhernewbook,“ThinkingwithYourHands”.Itisamasterlytourthroughalifetime’sresearch.(芝加哥大學的SusanGoldin-Meadow有不同的看法。情緒以多種方式表現(xiàn)出來：面部表情、姿勢、語調等等。但是，當人們在說話時使用手勢時，他們的行為是不同的，她在新書的標題中總結了這一點，“用你的手思考”。這是一次對一生研究的精湛之旅。)”可知，SusanGoldin-Meadow認為人們在使用手勢與語言時實際上在做一些不同的事情，并強調手勢是思考和交流的一部分。她通過“用你的手思考”這個書名也表達了類似的觀點，即手勢在某種程度上體現(xiàn)了認知。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Infact,gesturesthataccompanyspeechareasecondchannelofinformation.Subjectswatchafilminwhichacatrunsbutaretoldtolieandsayitjumped.Theydosoinwords—whiletheirhandsmakearunningmotion.Peoplewhosaytheybelieveinsexualequalitybutgesturewiththeirhandslowerwhentalkingaboutwomenarenotindicatingwomen’sheight;theycanbeshowntohavebiasesofwhichtheymaybeunaware.(事實上，伴隨著說話的手勢是第二種信息渠道。研究對象觀看了一部電影，電影中有一只貓在跑，但被要求撒謊說它是跳下來的。他們用語言來表達，而他們的手做著奔跑的動作。那些說自己相信男女平等，但在談論女性時把手放低的人并不是在暗示女性的身高；他們可能會表現(xiàn)出自己可能沒有意識到的偏見。)”可知，作者通過舉例和解釋來論證手勢可能表達說話者真正的想法。故選A。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“NoonewhoreadsSusan’sbookcouldeveragainthinkthatgesturingshowsonlyalackofcontrol.Itisaboutthinkingandcommunication,andisasophisticatedaidtoboth.(讀過Susan這本書的人再也不會認為手勢只是缺乏控制的表現(xiàn)。它是關于思考和交流的，是對兩者的復雜輔助。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要討論了手勢作為一種重要的交流形式，在語言和思考中所扮演的角色。從文章開頭提到的意大利人的笑話，到SusanGoldin-Meadow教授的觀點，再到各種實驗和實例的引用，都旨在強調手勢在交流中的不可或缺的地位。因此，標題應該突出手勢作為交流的一種重要形式，選項B“Gestures:AVitalFormofCommunication(手勢：一種重要的交流形式)”最符合文章的中心思想。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項Wewatchoursaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes,allyearround?Alot.____16____.InvestinqualitysunglassesToshieldyoureyes,wearsunglassescertifiedtoblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.____17____.“Infact,ifthelensesaredarkbutnotUV-protected,that’sworseforyoureyes,becausewhenyou’relookingthroughdarklensesyourpupilsdilate,whichletsmoreUVlightinsidetododamage,”saysDrEsenAkpek,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.WearsafetyglasseswhenneededYoudon’thavetobedoingconstructionworkorfactoryworktoneedprotectiveeyewear.____18____.It’sestimatedthatupto90percentofsports-relatedeyeinjuriesareactuallypreventablewithpropereyeprotection.“Iseepeoplewho’vebeengardening,leanedforwardandgotpokedintheeyebyabranch,”saysDrDavinderGrover,anophthalmologistatGlaucomaAssociatesofTexas.Investinanairpurifier____19____.Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancauseirritation.Inadditiontolubricatingeyedrops,“airpurifiersandhumidifiersareourfriends,”saysAkpek.SeeaneyespecialistregularlyRoutinecheckuphelpsmaintaingoodeyehealth,sopleasedon’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly,ifpossible.____20____.A.SafetycomesfirstforvariousoutdooractivitiesB.Surprisingly,darklensesaren’tnecessarilythemostprotectiveC.Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheair—andtheeyesD.Gardening,homerepairsandsportsallposetheriskoftraumatotheeyeE.Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearlyF.Byincorporatingtheselifestylesteps,youreyeswillstayhealthythroughouttheyearG.Wehaveaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要就如何全年保護眼睛給出了幾個具體的建議和注意事項?！即鸢浮?6.G17.B18.D19.C20.E【16題詳析】根據(jù)空前內容“Weusesunscreentoprotectourskin.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes,allyearround?Alot.(我們用防曬霜來保護我們的皮膚。但是我們能做些什么來全年保護我們的眼睛呢？很多。)”可知，上文提出我們可以采取許多措施來保護我們的眼睛。選項G“Wehaveaskedexpertswhatlifestylestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth(我們向專家咨詢了人們應該采取哪些生活方式來保護他們的視力和眼睛健康)”延續(xù)上文內容，同時引出下文我們可以采取的具體的措施。故選G。【17題詳析】根據(jù)空前內容“Toshieldyoureyes,wearsunglassescertifiedtoblockout99to100percentofUVAandUVBlight.(為了保護你的眼睛，戴上經(jīng)過認證的太陽鏡，可以阻擋99%到100%的UVA和UVB光。)”可知，上文講述的是我們可以戴上經(jīng)過認證的太陽鏡來保護我們的眼睛。選項B“Surprisingly,darklensesaren’tnecessarilythemostprotective(令人驚訝的是，深色鏡片并不一定是最具保護作用的)”承接上文內容，指出我們可以佩戴太陽鏡保護眼睛，同時指出深色鏡片未必是最具有保護作用的。這與下文““Infact,ifthelensesaredarkbutnotUV-protected,that’sworseforyoureyes,becausewhenyou’relookingthroughdarklensesyourpupilsdilate,whichletsmoreUVlightinsidetododamage,”saysDrEsenAkpek,aprofessoratJohnsHopkinsUniversity.(約翰霍普金斯大學教授埃森·阿克佩克博士說：“事實上，如果隱形眼鏡是深色的，但沒有防紫外線，這對你的眼睛更不利，因為當你通過深色隱形眼鏡看東西時，瞳孔會放大，這會讓更多的紫外線進入眼睛，造成傷害?！?”內容上保持一致。故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空前內容“Youdon’thavetobedoingconstructionworkorfactoryworktoneedprotectiveeyewear.(你不必在建筑工作或工廠工作時才需要防護眼鏡。)”可推測出，不是建筑工作或工廠工作才會對眼睛造成損傷。選項D“Gardening,homerepairsandsportsallposetheriskoftraumatotheeye(園藝、房屋維修和運動都有造成眼睛損傷的風險)”是上文內容的自然延續(xù)，指的是園藝、房屋維修和運動都可能對眼睛造成損傷。故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)空后內容“Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancauseirritation.(室外的寒冷和風也會使眼睛干燥，而污染和過敏原也會引起刺激。)”中的“too”可知，空處內容和眼睛干燥相關。選項C“Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheair—andtheeyes(室內暖氣和空調會使空氣變干，也會使眼睛變干)”指的是室內暖氣和空調會使使眼睛變干，與下文內容一致，故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文內容“Routinecheckuphelpsmaintaingoodeyehealth,sopleasedon’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckupregularly,ifpossible.(例行檢查有助于保持良好的眼睛健康，所以如果可能的話，請不要忘記定期去看眼科專家檢查。)”可知，本段主要建議我們定期檢查眼睛。選項E“Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly(并非所有的眼部問題都是顯而易見的，而且及早發(fā)現(xiàn)最好治療)”是上文內容的自然延續(xù)，指的是要定期檢查眼睛，因為并非所有的眼部問題都是顯而易見的，而且及早發(fā)現(xiàn)最好治療。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Fortyyearsago,Mrs.Austenwasmyfirst-gradeteacher,anoldladywithsalt-and-pepperhair,firmbutkind,patientand____21____.Sheletusbakegingerbreadmenintheschoolcafeteria—adelightful____22____thatamazedme.Andwheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books,shewouldn’tlettheotherkids____23____myclassmateJackorme.ButIcametotruly____24____Mrs.Austenwhenadress-updaywas____25____.Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe____26____ofthemid-1800s.Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.Iwassoproud____27____itasIwalkedtoschoolthatday.WhenIgotthere,however,Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup,feelingkindof____28____.Mrs.Austenoohedandaahedovermy____29____andthenwenttoheroffice.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforeshe_____30_____inafrontier-styledress!Sheexplainedthatshehadaskedherhusbandtobringthecostume.Wemovedawaytwoyearslater,andIstill_____31_____thatInevertoldMrs.Austenhow_____32_____Iwastoher,ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven_____33_____herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling_____34_____.Ihadmanywonderfulteachersthroughouttheyears,butMrs.Austenhasalwayshelda(n)_____35_____placeinmyheart.21.A.neighborly B.cowardly C.grandmotherly D.scholarly22.A.treat B.view C.journey D.story23.A.callon B.relateto C.laughat D.engagewith24.A.remember B.appreciate C.believe D.approach25.A.appointed B.canceled C.established D.scheduled26.A.field B.style C.course D.show27.A.making B.holding C.wearing D.owning28.A.surprised B.frightened C.disappointed D.embarrassed29.A.cookies B.present C.costume D.material30.A.reappeared B.displayed C.announced D.modeled31.A.assume B.regret C.imagine D.pretend32.A.dedicated B.important C.attached D.grateful33.A.sought B.deserved C.offered D.declined34.A.atease B.inorder C.outofplace D.undercontrol35.A.typical B.special C.obvious D.ideal【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者對曾經(jīng)老師的回憶，描述了和老師之間的一段溫馨而深刻的師生關系?！即鸢浮?1.C22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：四十年前，Austen夫人是我的一年級老師，一位頭發(fā)花白、堅定而和藹、耐心又慈祥的老太太。A.neighborly友好的；B.cowardly懦弱的、膽小的；C.grandmotherly慈祥的；D.scholarly學術性的、學者派頭的。根據(jù)空前的“kind,patient”以及下文內容可知，Austen夫人是一位慈祥的老師。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她讓我們在學校的食堂烤姜餅人——這是一種令人愉快的款待，讓我大吃一驚。A.treat款待；B.view觀點；C.journey旅程；D.story故事。根據(jù)上文的“bakegingerbreadmen”可知，老師帶學生在烤姜餅人，這是一種食物。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：每當我們讀《杰克和珍妮特》的故事時，她不會讓其他孩子嘲笑我的同學Jack或我。A.callon號召；B.relateto有關、涉及；C.laughat嘲笑；D.engagewith與……接洽、銜接。根據(jù)空前“wheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books”可推測，作者的名字應該是Janet，而根據(jù)常理可知，小孩可能會因為自己的同學和故事書中人物同名而嘲笑同學。根據(jù)上文可知，這位老師非常的有愛心，由此可知，她會阻止自己的學生這樣做。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當學校安排了一次裝扮日時，我才真正感激Austen夫人。A.remember記得；B.appreciate欣賞、感激；C.believe相信；D.approach接近。根據(jù)下文內容以及“ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven______herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling______.”可知，作者非常感激自己的老師曾經(jīng)為她所做的一切，保護了一個女孩的自尊心。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，當學校安排了一次裝扮日時，我真正感受到了Austen夫人的特別。A.appointed任命、委派；B.canceled取消；C.established建立；D.scheduled預定；安排。根據(jù)下文“Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe_____ofthemid-1800s.”可知，學校安排了一次裝扮日。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在那一天，我們被鼓勵穿19世紀中期風格的衣服。A.field田地、領域、場地；B.style風格；C.course課程；D.show表演、展覽。根據(jù)下文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”可知，學校鼓勵學生在裝扮日穿19世紀中期風格的衣服。故選B?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天我穿著它去上學，我感到很自豪。A.making制作；B.holding持有、保持；C.wearing穿戴；D.owning擁有。根據(jù)上文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”以及下文“Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup”可知，作者是穿著媽媽所做的裙子去了學校。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當我到達那里時，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)