淺析籃球術(shù)語的翻譯

Ⅰ淺析籃球術(shù)語的翻譯摘要作為國際體育交流的一種工具，英語在體育領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用越來越廣泛，籃球項(xiàng)目自發(fā)明以來經(jīng)歷了上百年歷史的發(fā)展,因其極強(qiáng)的觀賞性和競技性,目前在世界范圍內(nèi)已成為最受歡迎的運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目之一,同時(shí)在我國所有運(yùn)動項(xiàng)目當(dāng)中擁有最龐大的群眾基礎(chǔ)。但大量的籃球術(shù)語英文讓不懂英語的愛好者十分頭疼，本文從籃球術(shù)語的翻譯背景、翻譯策略和特點(diǎn)等方面入手，對籃球術(shù)語翻譯進(jìn)行了簡單的分析，證明了好的籃球術(shù)語英語翻譯的重要性。籃球術(shù)語翻譯不僅能影響球員、教練和俱樂部，甚至能影響籃球比賽的結(jié)果。國內(nèi)需要培養(yǎng)這方面的人才來應(yīng)對我國籃球運(yùn)動國際化的形式。關(guān)鍵詞：籃球術(shù)語；英語翻譯；翻譯策略；特點(diǎn)ⅡABSTRACTAsatoolofinternationalsportscommunication,Englishismoreandmorewidelyusedinthefieldofsports.Basketballhasexperiencedhundredsofyearsofhistorysinceitsinvention,andhasnowbecomeoneofthemostpopularsportsintheworldbecauseofitsstrongornamentalandcompetitivenature,andalsohasthelargestmassbaseamongallsportsinChina.However,alargenumberofbasketballtermsinEnglishareabigheadacheforthosewhodonotknowEnglish.Thispaperbrieflyanalyzesthetranslationofbasketballtermsintermsoftheirtranslationbackground,translationstrategiesandcharacteristics,andprovestheimportanceofagoodEnglishtranslationofbasketballterms.Basketballtermtranslationcanaffectnotonlyplayers,coachesandclubs,butalsotheoutcomeofbasketballgames.ChinaneedstocultivatetalentsinthisfieldtodealwiththeinternationalizationofbasketballsportsinChina.Keywords：Basketballterminology;Englishtranslation;translationstrategy;characteristicsⅢTableofContentsChapterOneIntroduction 1ChapterTwoTheConceptandStatusofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 22.1ConceptofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 22.1.1TheConceptofTerminology 22.1.2TheConceptofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 22.2CurrentStatusofResearchonBasketballTerminologyTranslation 32.2.1BasketballTerminologyTranslationTimesBackground 32.2.2StatusofTranslationofTerms 42.2.3TheCurrentStatusofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 5ChapterThreeTranslationStrategiesandFeaturesinBasketballTerminologyTranslation 73.1DifferentTerminologyTranslationStrategiesinBasketballTerminology 73.1.1ApplicationofNaturalizationStrategy 73.1.2ApplicationofAlienationStrategy 83.1.3ApplicationundertheFusionofNaturalizationandDissimilation 93.2FeaturesofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 103.2.1TheFunofTranslation 103.2.2RichnessofTranslation 103.2.3TheFigurativeNatureofTranslation 11ChapterFourTheSignificanceoftheApplicationofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 124.1BasketballTerminologyTranslationinInternationalTournaments 124.2TheSignificanceofBasketballTerminologyTranslation 13ChapterFiveConclusion 14Bibliography 15Acknowledgements 16保定理工學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文-1-ChapterOneIntroductionAsatoolforinternationalsportscommunication,Englishisbecomingmoreandmorewidelyusedinthefieldofsports.Withtheimprovementanddevelopmentofthecompetitivelevelofbasketball,domesticlocalbasketballplayerscannolongermeettheneedsofthedevelopmentlevelofbasketball.Asaresult,alargenumberofinternationalbasketballplayersandcoacheshavestartedtoenterthedomesticmarket.Withtheirentry,aseriesofproblemshaveemerged,oneofwhichiscommunication.Basketballisnotasportformedafterthereformofothersports,butanoriginalsport,whichreflectsaboveallhiscreativespirit.Theconfrontationbetweenthetwosidesduringthegamemakespeoplecooperatemoreandmoreclosely,whichcanalsoseetheteamspiritembeddedinthebasketballgame.Inthegameeachplayerwillgivehisbesteffortandnoonecanpresumetheresultofthegameuntilthelastsecondofthegame,whichistheembodimentofpersistenceinbasketball.Thisrequiresthetranslatortoreachahigherleveloftranslationofbasketballterminologythatcanconveythebasketballspiritinthegameaswell.InadditiontothedomesticChinesecommentary,moregamehighlightsusetheoriginalAmericanEnglishcommentary,becausetheAmericannativebasketballhasbecomeaculture,itscommentarycanbequiteexciting,inthiscommentary,thereareboundtobealotofbasketballjargon.ThisrequiresourplayerstohaveacertainmasteryofEnglish,andmoreimportantly,amasteryofbasketballterminologyinEnglish.ChapterTwoTheConceptandStatusofBasketballTerminologyTranslationThischaptermainlystudiestheconceptandbackgroundofbasketballterminologytranslation.Bystudyingtheconceptofbasketballterminology,wecanhaveaprofessionalunderstandingofbasketballterminology.Byunderstandingthebackgroundoftheeraofbasketballterminologytranslation,weknowthatwiththepopularityofbasketballgamesandfrequentinternationalexchanges.Thesportstranslationmarkethasgraduallyemerged,butsportstranslatorslackthecorrespondingexpertiseinbasketballEnglishorsportsEnglish,etc.2.1ConceptofBasketballTerminologyTranslationAfterunderstanding,basketballterminologyistheprofessionallanguageusedduringbasketballgamesandbasketballcommentary.2.1.1TheConceptofTerminologyTermsareacollectionofappellationsusedtorepresentconceptsinaspecificsubjectfield.ItisalsocalledascientificortechnologicalnouninChina(asopposedtonounsingrammar).Atermisaconventionallinguisticsymbolthatexpressesorqualifiesascientificconceptbymeansofspeechorwriting,andisatoolforthecommunicationofideasandunderstanding.Accordingtointernationalstandards,thetermterminologyrefersonlytoliteraldesignations.However,manypeopleusethiswordinaconfusingway,sometimesreferringtoatermandsometimestoaconcept.Thismaybeduetothedriftofconceptsinthemindofthespeaker,butitmayalsoberelatedtoanotherdefinitiongivenbytheCanadianterminologistLondo,whoseestermsaslinguisticsymbolsintheSaussureansense.Atermcanbeawordoraphraseusedtoproperlylabelthings,phenomena,characteristics,relationshipsandprocessesinvariousspecializedfieldsofproductiontechnology,science,art,sociallife,etc.Forexample:communicationmediaormedia,mediaormedium,referstothecarrierofinformationdissemination,thatis,theprocessofinformationdisseminationfromthecommunicatortotherecipienttocarryandAllformsofmaterialtoolsthatcarryandtransmitinformationfromthecommunicatortotherecipient.

Terminologyisthelinguisticdesignationofconceptsinthefieldofexpertise,anditincludesallprofessionalexpressionsthataregenerallycommon.2.1.2TheConceptofBasketballTerminologyTranslationTerminologyisthelinguisticdesignationofconceptsinthefieldofexpertise,anditincludesallprofessionalexpressionsthatarecommoningeneral.Terminologycanbeunderstoodas:acollectionofcommonwordsandexpressionsthatareusedinacertainfieldandhaveaspecialmeaning.Therefore,basketballterminologycanbeinterpretedasacollectionofexpressionsthatcanrefertoaparticularmeaninginbasketball-relatedactivities.Accordingtothespecificityofbasketballdevelopmenthistoryandthecompetitioncharacteristicsofbasketballgames,itisproposedthatbasketballtranslatorsshouldbeproficientindifferentexpressionsofbasketballterms,familiarwiththeprofoundcultureofbasketballterms,strengthenthelearningofbasketballspecialknowledgeandexpandthecoverageofterminologylearning,andbuildacorpusofbasketballterms,soastobettersolvethenewlyemergedbasketballterms,strengthentheoverallbusinessabilityofbasketballtranslators,andimprovetheforeignexchangeanddevelopmentofbasketballinChina.Inordertobettersolvethenewbasketballterminology,strengthentheoverallbusinessabilityofbasketballtranslators,improvetheforeignexchangeanddevelopmentofbasketballinChina,andfinallyachievetheimprovementofbasketballcompetitioninChina.2.2CurrentStatusofResearchonBasketballTerminologyTranslationWiththeinventionanddevelopmentofbasketball,basketballterminologycameintobeing,andtheimportanceofbasketballterminologyasthemostcorepartofbasketballtheoryisself-evident.2.2.1BasketballTerminologyTranslationTimesBackgroundWhenbasketballwasintroducedtoChinain1895asanimportthroughtheYMCAintheUnitedStates,itwasalsoaccompaniedbytransnationallanguageexchange:thegamewastransmittedorallyfrompersontopersonandtheYMCAtranslatedtheAmericanBasketballRules.Terminologytranslationisalanguageskill,ameansandawaytocommunicateacrossnationalcultures.Thebirthanddevelopmentofthispositioncannotbeseparatedfromtwowords:“bringingin”and“goingout”.TheYMCAbroughtbasketballin,andthefoundingfathersofbasketballinChinawentouttolearn.WhenbasketballtookrootinChina,alargenumberofbasketballseniors,includingthefamousDongShouyi(China'sfirstbasketballassociationpresident),ShuHong(China'sfirstbasketballreferee),andSongJunfu(afamoussportseducatorinChina'smodernsportshistory)wenttoSpringfieldCollegeintheUnitedStatestostudyunderProfessorNaismith,theinventorofbasketball.AfterthefoundingofNewChina,inordertoimprovethelevelofbasketballandpromoteinternationalexchange,thecountryalsoinvitedBulgaria,Hungary,theSovietUnion,etc.toChinamanytimestocarryoutfriendlymatches.The“59Summit”wasthemasterpieceofthattime.Untilnow,mentioningthatgloriouseracanstillevokethememoriesoftheoldergeneration.In2004,theChinesemen'snationalbasketballteamhiredAmericanHarrisastheheadcoachandLithuanianYunusastheassistantcoach.Whilealleyeswerefocusedonthetwoforeigners,besidethemstoodXiaSong,awell-knowndomesticsportsagentandtranslatorfortheChinesemen'sbasketballteamatthattime.FromXiaSongtoZhengCheng,ShanZhenghao,GuoWeisheng,andthenafter2017,thedoublenationalteam'sredteamWangRuntao,ShangYifei,andtheblueteam'sShiRong(thenationalteam'svideoanalyst,whoalsoworksasatranslator),thebatonofChinesemen'sbasketball“teamtranslator”isalsobeingalternated.Clublevel,whetheritisNBLorCBAleague,allteamswithforeigncoachesandplayersareoftenequippedwith1-2translators.Althoughtheyarenotthefightingforceoftheteam,theyarelikethe“adapterring”ofaDSLRcamera,connectingthebodyandlens,anddirectlyaffectingthefinal“imagingeffect”.However,asChinesebasketballmovestowardsinternationalization,playersneedtohaveacertainmasteryofEnglish,andmoreimportantly,amasteryofbasketballterminologyinEnglish.Duetothelackofrelevantknowledge,localplayershavecertainproblemsinintegratingintointernationalbasketball.2.2.2StatusofTranslationofTermsTerminologyplaysapivotalroleinthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,culturalheritageandsocialprogress.However,therearescientificandtechnicaltermsandsocialscienceterms.Scientificandtechnicaltermsarecharacterizedbyrigor,conciseness,noveltyandnomenclature,withasinglesemanticmeaning,relativelypreciseandfixeddefinitions,andrelativelylessambiguityintranslation.Socialsciencetermshavedeeplinguisticandculturalconnotations,aswellasperiodanddisciplinarylimitations,whicharepronetoambiguityintranslation.Thetranslationofsocialsciencetermscanadoptthemethodofparaphrasingordirecttranslationwithnotes,soastofacilitatethereadersofthetargetlanguagetotrulyunderstandtheculturalconnotationcontainedintheterms,andatthesametime,thetranslationcanalsobeinnovativeaccordingtotheterminologyconstruction.Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thespeedofhumanknowledgeaccumulationandthetotalamountofknowledgehaveincreaseddramatically.Newtechnologies,newproductsandnewideasareemergingallthetime,leadingtotheemergenceofnewterms,thenumberisincreasingdaybyday,andthedistributionisextremelywide.Alargenumberofrealitiesshowthatterminologyplaysapivotalroleinthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,culturalheritageandsocialprogress.Thedevelopmentofsocietyandculture,aswellastheinfluenceofscientificprogress,thelifeofmodernhumansocietyhasbecomeinseparablefromtheterminologyasacarrierofscientificknowledge.Terminologyisanimportantpartofthelinguisticassetsofaglobalenterpriseandisfundamentaltothedevelopmentofcorporateinformationandtechnicalwriting,anditensurestheprofessionalismandconsistencyoftechnicaldocumentation.Byeffectivelyreusingexistingterminologydataresources,companiescanreducethecostofproductcontentdesign,reducethecostofcontentlocalizationandtranslation,andmaintaintheaccuracyandconsistencyofcontent.2.2.3TheCurrentStatusofBasketballTerminologyTranslationWiththedevelopmentofChina'smarketeconomy,foreignexchangeisessential.Alsointhesportsworld,soccerandbasketballhavebeengoingabroad,whileforeigncoachesandforeignaidhavebeenflowingintothecountry,andrelevantregulationshavebeenset.Insuchacontext,professionalbasketballclubshavebeenintroducingforeigncoachesandforeignaidtoenhancetheircompetitiveness,absorbingadvancedtrainingideasandmethods,andactivelygoingabroadtoparticipateincompetitions.However,duetotheforeignlanguagelevelofclubpersonnelandathletescannotcommunicatewellwithforeigncountries,inordertoensurethenormalwork,sportstranslationplaysanindispensableroleasabridgeandlinkofcommunication,thispapertriestostudythecurrentsituationandcountermeasuresofsportstranslationofprofessionalbasketballclubsinChina,hopingtobetterpromotethedevelopmentofbasketballsportstranslationandtheopeningupofsportsinChina.Withthecontinuousexchangeanddevelopmentofcultures,thetendencyofbothhighdifferentiationandhighintegrationamongvariousculturesisobvious,andthemutualtranslationoftermsbetweendifferentlanguagesisgraduallyemerging.Thetranslationofsportsterminologyalsohassuchamixedphenomenon.Atpresent,therearevarioustranslationsof“LeisureSports”inChina,someuse“sportsandleisure”,someuse“relaxationsports”,andsomedirectlytranslateitas“recreationalsports”.Thisconfusionintranslationleadstoconfusioninouruseofit,andevenleadstocommunicationbarriers.Therefore,thetranslationofsportstermsisverynecessaryforpracticalapplications.SongZiyinstudiedthedevelopmenthistoryandtranslationstrategiesofbasketballterminologytranslationinChina,suchasthedevelopmentofbasketballterminologytranslation,andpointedouttheproblemsinbasketballterminologytranslation;FangZiyaoandLiKe(2018)studiedbasketballterminologytranslationandcharacteristicsin“BasketballEnglishTerminologyCharacteristicsandTranslation”,whichmadereadersawareoftheimportanceofEnglishlearninginbasketball.SunChongjingin“AstudyontranslationwiththeteamofChineseprofessionalbasketballclubsundertheperspectiveoftranslationpurposetheory”combinedwithpracticeundertheguidanceoftranslationpurposetheory,pointedoutthatbasketballclubshavecommunicationproblemswithforeigncoachesandplayersintermsofbasketballterminology,andimprovingthelevelofbasketballterminologytranslationcanbetterpromotethedevelopmentofChinesebasketball.RizkyNinAnAnalysisOnTechniquesAndQualityOfBasketballTermsTranslationInTheMovieEntitledThunderstruck,thebasketballtermsappearinginthemovie“Thunderstruck”areexplainedintermsoftheuseoftranslationtechniques,andmoreattentionispaidtotheterminologywithmoreemphasisonthequalityoftranslation;LeopoldJin“Specializedsportterminologyinbasketball-translationandanalysisofkeyterms”analyzedthebasketballprofessionalsportsterminologyandcombineditwiththepracticeofThetechnicalityofbasketballterminologytranslationwasimprovedthroughthetranslationofthreearticlesintheFIBApublishedjournalAids.ChapterThreeTranslationStrategiesandFeaturesinBasketballTerminologyTranslationBasketballterminologytranslationisinseparablefromthestrategiesandcharacteristicsofterminologytranslation,andthischaptermainlyfocusesonthetranslationstrategiesandcharacteristicsthatneedtobeusedinbasketballterminologytranslation,weneedtoanalyzetheapplicationofbasketballterminologytranslationunderdifferentstrategiesandthecharacteristicsofdifferentbasketballterminologytranslation,andsummarizetheterminologytranslationsolutionsthatadapttothenewera.3.1DifferentTerminologyTranslationStrategiesinBasketballTerminologyThetranslationofbasketballterminologyisnaturallyinseparablefromtheroleofterminologytranslationstrategies.3.1.1ApplicationofNaturalizationStrategyVenutistronglyagreeswithBlanchotthatthetranslationitselfisthelivingembodimentofthisdifference.Inhisview,therearetworeasonsfortheweakeningofdifferenceintranslation:first,thediscussionoftranslationhaslongbeenobscured,ithasbeenmarginalizedinthevaluesystemofthecoordinatesofthetargetlanguage,anddifference,insteadofbeingalive,isintheprocessofmeltingaway.Secondly,theBritishandEnglishvaluestandards,whichdevelopedaglobalpredominanceafterthewar,havefurtherdefinedthecontextofAnglo-Americanstatistculture.ThiscontextonlyacceptedforeignlanguagetextsthatideologicallyconformedtotheideologyofAnglo-Americanculture.Itisinthiscontextthatnaturalizedtranslations,inordertomeetthetastesoftherecipients,alwaysadjustthetranslatedtextsaccordingtothespecificpolitical,culturalandideologicalnormsofthetranslatedlanguage,andtheweakculturehastobeatthemercyoftheAnglo-Americanculture,becomingatoolofthecolonizersforculturalcolonization.Thenaturalizationstrategyofnaturalizationistoadoptanethnocentricattitude,tomaketheforeigntextconformtotheculturalvaluesofthetranslatedlanguage,andtobringtheoriginalauthorintothetranslatedculture.Whentranslating,thetranslatorshouldthinkoftheoriginalworkandtheauthoroftheoriginalwork,andtrytoexpressthecontentandstyleoftheoriginaltextasaccuratelyandvividlyaspossible;atthesametime,thetranslatorshouldalsothinkofthereadersofthetranslatedtext,andthetranslatedthingshouldbeasclosetothereadersaspossible,sothatthereaderscanunderstandandacceptiteasily.Itisalsowidelyusedinbasketballterminology,forexample,Communicationbetweendefenders.Theuseofeverydayidiomsinsteadofterminologywasalsoaformofnaturalizationstrategytranslationatthattime.Forexample,inmodernbasketballgames,coachesoftenemphasizethe“echo”betweenteammatesonthecourt,andtheword“echo”hasalmostbecometheexclusiveterminsports,butintheAmericanBasketballTrainingLawCompendiumpublishedin1973,insteadof“echo”,theword“greeting”isrepeatedlyused.Theword“greeting”wasusedrepeatedlyinthe1973editionoftheAmericanBasketballTrainingCodeinsteadof“echo”,buttheoriginaltextwasintendedtoemphasizecommunicationbetweenplayersonthecourt.Theword“greet”isintendedtoemphasizetheunilateralsendingofmessages,while“echo”isthesameaseachother'svoice,sooveremphasisonadaptingtonaturalizationstrategiesintranslationmayproducemisinterpretationormisunderstandingoftheterm.Therearealsomanybasketballterminologytranslationsthatusethenaturalizationstrategyinordertomakethetranslatedwordsfitperfectlyintoourculture.Forexample,theexampleisanintroductionofNowitzki'sclassicmove“Oneleggedfadeaway”whichcanbedirectlytranslatedas“Oneleggedbackwardshot”,herethetranslationstrategyofnaturalizationisusedtotranslateas“Goldenchickenindependence”.3.1.2ApplicationofAlienationStrategyVenutiattributesthismethodtothenineteenth-centuryGermantheologianandphilosopherFriedrichSchleiermacher'stranslationthesisthat“thetranslatortriesnottodisturbtheoriginalauthor,buttobringthereaderclosertohim”.Schleiermacherhimselfwasinfavoroftheheterodoxapproach,andVenutipointsoutthattheheterodoxapproachshouldbepromotedinculturalsocieties(suchasAnglo-Americansocieties)wheremonolingualismisusedwithblindarroganceandwherethenaturalizedmethodoftranslationisthenorm.Theuseofthealienationmethodinthiscontextsuggestsastrategyofculturalinterventionintheprevailingsocialsituation,asitisachallengetothedominantculturalmentality.Venutidescribesheterodoxtranslationasa“pressuretodepartfromthenation”,whichservesto“injectlinguisticculturaldifferencesinforeigntextsintothetargetlanguage,sendingthereaderabroad”.Theuseofalienationstrategytotranslatebasketballtermsismainlyfocusedonthe“prosperousperiodofbasketball”,thatis,from1995tothepresent,becauseatthistime,China'snationalstrengthisstrong,economicdevelopmentisbooming,people'squalityeducationisimprovedasawhole,andwiththedeepeningofreformandopeningup,ourpeople'sacceptabilityofforeigncultureincreasesyearbyyear,ChineseandWesternsportsWiththedeepeningofreformandopeningup,ourpeople'sacceptabilityofforeignculturehasincreasedyearbyyear,andthepopularityofbasketballintheworldisveryhigh,soithasbecomeahotitemintheprocessofChineseandWesternsportsandculturalexchanges,andmoreandmorecommonbasketballtermsthatintegrateWesterncultureareknowntothepublic.Manybasketballplayershavetheirownuniquestyleofplay,andmanyfansontheInternethavegiventheseplayersuniquecodenames,suchasdescribingaplayerwithstrongassistsas“Dimer”,because“Dime”FromtheAmericangangslang,peopleingangswillusepublicphonestoinformothergangs,thecostofthephonefortencents(Dime),sooftenprovideinformationtopeople,informationisalsoconsideredawaytoassist,passedontothisday,thecourtwilloftenassisttheplayerisalsoknownasthe“tencents”.Thereisalsoaclassofplayers,whenevertheyareonthecourtfeelveryhot,haveaverygoodstate,thistypeofplayerisknownas“microwave(Microwave)”.TherearealsomanyNBAteamnamesthatcontaintheuniquecultureoftheteamorthecity,sotheteamnameorplayernickname,aliasbecauseofitsuniquenessanduniqueculture,theuseofalienationstrategytotranslatebetter.3.1.3ApplicationundertheFusionofNaturalizationandDissimilationInmosttranslationstrategychoices,thenaturalizationstrategyisgreaterthanthedissimilationstrategy,butthedissimilationstrategyalsohasitsuniquefeaturesinitsrole,sotheflexibleuseofthedissimilationtranslationstrategycanexpandtheculturalbackgroundoftheterms,makingbasketballtermsmorevividandinteresting,andthecurrentuseofdifferenttranslationstrategiesmainlydependsondifferenttranslationscenarios,andinordertoachievethepurposeofcommunicationandexchange,andtoretainthesourcelanguageculturalInordertoachievethepurposeofcommunicationandexchange,andtoretainthecharacteristicsofthesourcelanguageculturetothegreatestextent,differenttranslationstrategiesshouldbeusedinthetranslationprocesswithoutbeingboundtotherelationshipbetweenthetwo.Basketballterminologytranslationdevelopmenteraisdifferent,thefocusofthetranslationstrategyisalsodifferent,butChina'smodernbasketballterminologytranslationshouldbebasedondifferentusescenarios,flexibleuseandcombinationofdifferenttranslationstrategies.Thepurposeoftranslatingbasketballtermsfordifferentoccasionsistomakethembetteracceptedandused.Forexample:downtown.It'shardtoseetherelationshipbetween“downtown”and“l(fā)ong-rangethree-pointshot”.Infact,“downtown”originallymeantthecenterofthecity(downtown),butinthecontextofbasketballterminology,thewordreferstotheareaofthecourtbeyondthethree-pointline.Itcanbeanywhereoutsidethethree-pointline,withintheboundariesofthebasketballcourt.Sportscommentatorsandsportscastersoftenusethetermtodescribethoseover-the-topthree-pointers.Thechancesofasuccessfullong-rangethree-pointeraresmall,andthosethataredifficultareoftenimpressive,usuallybeforetheendofaquarterorbeforethegameiscompletelyover.3.2FeaturesofBasketballTerminologyTranslationFun,richnessandfigurativearethethreemostsignificantcharacteristicsofbasketballterminologytranslation,andthesecharacteristicsrequireatranslatorwithacompleteloveandunderstandingofbasketballandEnglish.3.2.1TheFunofTranslationInterestingreferstothefactthatnewsanditspresentationarefullofinterestingandhumanqualitiesthatappealtotheaudience,interestingisaveryimportantqualityofsomething,becauseoftheinteresting,thisthingwillbeloved,accepted,fromsomepointofview,interestingevengreaterthanitsconnotationitself.Thefunofbasketballisthatpeoplewillcollideandcommunicateintheprocessofplayingbasketball,andthecommunicationbetweenpeopleiswherethefunlies.Inthetranslationofbasketballterms,thewordsusedarevividandinteresting.Forexample,pik,whichusuallymeanstopickuporchooseonefrommultiplethings,butinbasketballEnglishterminology,istranslatedascover.Itmeansanoffensivematchinwhichtheoffensiveplayeruseshisbodytoblockthewayofhispartner'sopponentwithareasonabletechnicalmovement,creatingatimeforhispartnertogetridofthedefense.Press,peopleusuallytranslateitassqueeze,butinbasketballEnglishterminology,peopletranslateitasTightdefense.Itincludesfull-urtpress,half-urtpress,znepresszonetightend,ne-an-pressone-mantightendandt-an-presstwo-mantightend.Therearemanysimilarexamplesinthetranslationofbasketballterms,whichareveryvividandinteresting,thusmakingthetranslationofbasketballtermsmoreaccurate.Someofthebasketballtermsareverydeepinfun,forexample,Coveroriginallymeanscover,butinbasketball,coveristhewordPick,anditishardtoimagine