高考第三次模擬考試英語（新高考I卷01）

2024年高考英語第三次模擬考試高三英語（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whatwillthewomandofirst?A．Goshopping. B．Gobackhome. C．Goswimming.【答案】A【原文】W:Mustwestayathomeifitrainstomorrow?M:Notreally.Howaboutgoingswimminginthenewpool?W:Goodidea.ButIneedtobuyaswimsuitfirst.2．Whatcolordoesthewomansuggest?A．Black. B．White. C．Brown.【答案】A【原文】M:Whichsuitdoyoulikebest?W:Well,tobehonest,thebrownoneandthewhiteonearenotgoodchoices,inmyopinion.Youaregoingtoajobinterview,notadanceparty.Youshouldgowithsomethingclassic,likeblackordarkblue.3．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Inalibrary. B．Inabookstore. C．Inadormitory.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme,howcanIfindthebookcalledAnneofGreenGables.M:Oh,I’mafraiditwassoldout.W:It’sallright.Thankyou.4．InwhichcitydidthewomanandJohnstaythelongest?A．Vienna. B．Rome. C．Paris.【答案】C【原文】M:WheredidyouandJohngoonvacation?W:WespentfourdaysinVienna,oneweekinParis,andfivedaysinRomeandwehadatwodaydelayinGenevabeforewewenttoItaly.5．Whyhasthemanealongwaytoseethewoman?A．Tohaveaninterview.B．Toaskaboutalawyer.C．Toregisteranadvertisement.【答案】A【原文】W:Well,MrLi.It’searlyandyou’veealongwayjustforaninterview.M:Yes.IreadyouradvertisementinthenewspaperandmyauntsaidthisisagoodpanyandsinceI’dliketobealawyersomeday,wethoughtthejobwouldgivemeanewstart.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍?！韭牭?段材料，回答第6、7題。】6．Howdoesthemanfeelprobably?A．Satisfied. B．Confused. C．Angry.7．Whencanthemangethisputerback?A．Tonight. B．Inafewmoredays. C．Intwoweeks.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】M:WhencanIcollectmyputer?Youknow,Ibroughtmyputerheretwoweeksago.W:I’msorry.We’restillrepairingit.M:Lookhere,everytimeIcall,yougivemethesameanswer.W:Bepatient,sir.Wewouldbegratefulifyoucouldwaitafewmoredays.M:Wait?Ican’twaitanymore.W:Iunderstandthat.Butwe’retryingourbestto...M:Ineednoexcuse.W:Alright,sir,we’llrepairtheputerimmediatelyandhaveitsenttoyoutonight.【聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。】8．Whatdothespeakersusuallydoforlunch?A．Haveapartyintheoffice.B．Meetinthebuilding'scafe. C．Gotoadowntownrestaurant.9．Whatmustthespeakersdobeforeleaving?A．Finishtheirreports. B．Attendthepany'scelebration. C．Haveagrouplunch.【答案】8．B9．A【原文】M:Hey,Elsa.Remember,we’llchangeourlunchplanningtoday.W:Ididn’tgetthismessage.So,wewon’teatlunchintheofficeorthebuilding’scafe?M:No.Everyonewillhavelunchatarestaurantdowntown.Usually,weonlyhavegrouplunchesforbirthdaysorpublicholidays.Butnowwe’rechangingourscheduleforapanycelebrationW:Fine.Whataboutourpany?M:We’recelebratingourpany’smostsuccessfulyear.Beforeweleave,everyonemustfinishtheirweekreports.Afterlunch,everyonewillbefreetogofortheweekend!【聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inthepany. B．Intheschool. C．Inthehospital.11．WhatareAIethics(倫理)aboutaccordingtothespeakers?A．TeachingAItocollectpeople’sdata.B．MakingsureAIcanhelpwithhumanjobs.C．UsingAIinanaccurateandresponsibleway.12．WhatdoesthewomanthinkisthekeytobuildingAIethics?A．Technology. B．Skills. C．Education.【答案】10．A11．C12．C【原文】M:Goodmorning!Itlookslikeanotherbusydayatwork.HaveyoueverheardabouttheconceptofAIethics?It’squiteaninterestingtopic.W:Yes.AIiswidelyusednow,forinstance,inschoolstoenhanceeducationandinhospitalstoimprovepatientcare.AIethicsareaboutensuringthatartificialintelligenceisusedcorrectlyandresponsibly.M:Yes,it’skindoflikemakingsureAIdoesn’tcheatorlietous.Thatseemsprettyimportant.W:Exactly.Andalsorespectingprivacyandnotmisusingpeople’sdata.M:Somefolksworryaboutjobstoo.W:Yes,butitcanalsocreatenewjobsintechnology.Wejustneedtolearnnewskills.M:So,weneedtobalancethegoodsidesandrisks.W:Right.Educationplaysanimportantrole.HowtouseAIreasonablyshouldbetaughtinschools.M:Iguessthereshouldbeglobalrulesforthistoo.W:Absolutely!Thatwayeveryonecanbenefitfromtechnologyfairlyandresponsibly.M:Thatmakessense.Bytheway,whenwillyousendmethelatestsalesfigures?W:Oh,Isentthemtoyourmailboxlastnightalready.Youshouldbeabletocheckthemnow.【聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。】13．WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A．TouringFrance. B．Paintingpictures. C．Playingoutdoors.14．WhatdidJohndosoonafterhemovedtotheUS?A．Hestudiedbiology. B．Hedidbusiness. C．Heworkedonafarm.15．WhydidJohninitiallygohunting?A．Forpleasure. B．Forfood. C．Formoney.16．WhatarethemainobjectsofJohn’sworks?A．Americanbirds. B．Humanbehaviors. C．Familymembers.【答案】13．B14．B15．A16．A【原文】M:Hello,everybody.TodayI’dliketosharewithyousomethingaboutJohnJamesAudubon.JohnwasbornonApril26th,1785.HespentmuchofhischildhoodinFrancewherehespentmanyhourseachdayoutdoorspaintingpictures.Attheageof18,hemovedtotheUnitedStates.Well,actually,JohnbeganhislifeintheUSasabusinessman.However,insteadoftakingcareofhisbusiness,Johnwasoftenoffexploringnature.Atfirst,Johnspenthistimehuntingforfun.Thenhefoundthattheanimalsaroundwereverybeautiful,andheparticularlyenjoyedobservingthebirdshesaw.Hebeganstudyingthem,tryingtolearnthedifferencesbetweenthebirdsandnoticingtheirdifferentbehaviors.Therefore,hepaintedthebirdsheobservedalot.In1819,Johnrealizedthathedidn’thaveenoughmoneytopayhisbills.Hewasveryupsetthathecouldn’tearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily.Sohespenttimeimprovinghispaintingskillsandbegantosellhispaintings.Hediscoveredthathecouldearnsomemoneywhiledoingsomethinghereallyenjoyed.WeareluckynowtohavesomanypaintingsofAmericanbirdsbyJohnJamesAudubon.【聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題?！?7．WhatisPerelman?A．Aresearcher. B．Adoctor. C．Areporter.18．Withwhomdobabiesfeelthemostfortable?A．Strangeadults. B．Babysitters. C．Otherbabies.19．Howmaybabiesreacttounfamiliarbabies?A．Theymaystarttocry.B．Theymayshowmuchfear.C．Theymaytoucheachother.20．Whatmaythestudyleadto?A．Muchmoreparentingtimewithbabies.B．Anincreaseinfamilybaseddaycarecenters.C．Agreaterdemandforexperiencedbabysitters.【答案】17．A18．C19．C20．B【原文】M:RecentlyafiveyearstudywasconductedbytheCenterforChildhoodDevelopmentinLosAngeles,California,regardingthewaybabiesreacttodifferenttypesofpeople.Thefindingsofthestudysuggestthatbabiesseemtobemorefortablearoundotherbabiesthantheyarewithstrangeadults.TheresultsconfirmtheideasofDr.RichardPerelman,whohaswrittenmanybooksaboutraisingchildrenwithhisresearchteam.Dr.Perelmansupportsthefindingsofthestudyandaddsthatitisasounderideatokeepchildrenwithotherchildren,asinadaycarecenter,thantohavechildrencaredforbyababysitter.Accordingtotheresultsofthestudy,somebabiesseemtoshowfearofstrangeadults,buttheyarelikelytoreachouttotrytotouchanunfamiliarbaby.Twoofthechildreninthestudywereespeciallyclose.Itwasreportedthatifthetwochildrenwereseparatedforanyreason,theywouldstarttocry.Theonlywaytosatisfythemwastoallowthemtobetogether.Ifthefindingsaretrue,itmayleadtoanincreaseintheuseoffamilyorienteddaycarecenterswherechildrencanspendmoretimewitheachother.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（原創(chuàng)試題）ThingstoDoWhenYouLoseYourJobWhenIlostmyjob,Islippedintoaselfpityfunkforabit.Thefollowingisacrucialtodolistanyonewho’sbeenlaidoffshouldfollow.1.AcknowledgeYourEmotions,ThenMoveOnAfteryou’vebeenletgo,youmayfindyourselfexperiencingarangeofemotions:panicuponsayinggoodbyetoaregularpaycheck,ragewhenyoureflectonallthelonghoursyoudevotedtoyourformerpositionandsoon.Ratherthangetcaughtupineachofthese,recognizethatthey’reallnormal.Moveonandfocusonthefuture.2.TellEveryone(Yes,EvenStrangers)Chancesare,yourselfesteemhastakenahit.Rightafterlosingmyjobin2014,Iattendedafriend’spartyanduponmeetingherpals,Iwasaskedthedreaded,“Sowhatdoyoudo?”Ireluctantlytoldpeopleaboutmylayoffandwaitedtobefloodedwithboatloadsofpity.ButwhatIgotinsteadwasactuallysolidsupport.PeopleI’djustmetwerewillingtohelp.IleftthepartygladI’dspilledthebeans,nomatterhowawkwardI’dinitiallyfelt.3.GetYourFinancesinCheckandCreateaBudgetTalkingmoneyisawkward,butknowledgeispower.Figureoutwhatyou’vegottoworkwithsoyou’renotaccumulatingdebt.WhenIwasforcedtostopandlookatmyfinances,IrealizedIhadtomakesomechanges.Istartedwithabunchofsmallcuts:dinnersinandbooksborrowedfromthelibrary.4.InvestinYourPersonalDevelopmentIfenrollinginaclassortwowillmakeyoumoremarketableandyoucanaffordit,goforit.Itookseveralwritingworkshopsduringmydowntimeandfoundthattheyboostedmyselfesteemandofferedmeapositiveoutlet.Thesealsogavemeareasontochangeoutofpajamasandpracticelookingpresentableagain.5.PrepareYourNarrativeYoumaywanttoputyourlayoffbehindyou,butthere’snodenyingit’lleupduringafutureinterview.eupwithanhonestbutprofessionalnarrativeandpracticeit

alot.Whydoyoufeelangrywhenyoulostyourjob?Youfindyourselfexperiencingarangepanic. B．Youspentmuchtimeonyourpreviousjob.Ihadtosaygoodbyetoaregularpaycheck. D．Igotcaughtupinallthese.23．Howdoyoustayoutofdebt?A．Avoidtalkingmoney. B．Makecertainwhatyoumustworkwith.C．Preventabadsituation. D．Borrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.23．Whichistherightthingyouneedtodowhenyoulostyourjobaccordingtothetext?A．Gainmuchknowledge. B．Tellyourclosefriendsaboutyoursituation.C．Findanewjobfast. D．Prepareforyourfutureprogress.【答案】21.B22.B23.D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。講訴了事業(yè)后應(yīng)該做的幾件事。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段rangewhenyoureflectonthelonghoursyoudevotedtoyourformerposition可知。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第3條Figureoutwhatyou’vegottoworkwithsoyou’renotaccumulatingdebt.23.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四條InvestinYourPersonalDevelopment可知。BAyearagoAugust,DaveFusslosthisjobdrivingatruckforasmallpanyinwestMichigan.Hiswife,Gerrie,wasstillworkinginthelocalschoolcafeteria,butworkforDavewasscarce,andthepriceofeverythingwasrising.TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears.ThenDaveandGerriereceivedatimelygift$7,000,alegacy(遺產(chǎn))fromtheirneighborsIshandArleneHatchwhodiedinanaccident.“Itreallymadeadifferencewhenweweregoingunderfinancially,”saysDave.ButtheFussesweren’ttheonlyfolksinAltoandtheneighboringtownofLowelltoreceiveunexpectedlegacyfromtheHatches.DozensofotherfamiliesweretouchedbytheHatches’generosity.Insomecases,itwasafewthousanddollars;inothers,itwasmorethan$100,000.ItsurprisednearlyeveryonethattheHatcheshadsomuchmoney,morethan$3milliontheywereanelderlycouplewholivedinanoldhouseonwhatwasleftofthefamilyfarm.ChildrenoftheGreatDepression,IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving.Theylikedparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore,checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase.Throughtheyears,theHatchespaidforlocalchildrentoattendsummercampwhentheirparentscouldn’taffordit.“IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything.”saystheirfriendSandyVanWeelden.“Theycouldseethingstheycoulddotomakeyouhappier,andtheywoulddothem.”EvenmoreextraordinarywasthattheHatcheshadtheirfarmlanddistributed.ItwastheHatches’wishthattheirlegacy,alegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcents,shouldenrichthewholemunityandlastforgenerationstoe.Neighborshelpingneighbors—thatwasIshandArleneHatch’sstory.24．Accordingtothetext,theFusses_______.A．wereemployedbyatruckpany B．wereinfinancialdifficultyC．workedinaschoolcafeteria D．losttheirhome25．WhywouldtheHatchesroutinelygofromstoretostore?A．Theydecidedtoopenastore. B．Theywantedtosavemoney.C．Theycouldn’taffordexpensivethings. D．Theywantedtobuygiftsforlocalkids.26．AccordingtoSandyVanWeelden,theHatcheswere_______.A．Understanding B．optimistic C．Childlike D．curious27．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ThemunityofAltowaspoor.B．Thesummercampwasattractivetotheparents.C．SandyVanWeeldengotalegacyfromtheHatchesD．TheHatcheswouldliketheneighborstofollowtheirexample.【答案】24．B25．B26．A27．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一對關(guān)心鄰里、無私奉獻(xiàn)的夫妻。他們把自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)留給需要的人，強(qiáng)調(diào)人人互助，世界就會更美好。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheFusseswereatriskofjoiningthemillionsofAmericanswhohavelosttheirhomesinrecentyears.(富斯一家面臨著加入近年來數(shù)百萬失去住房的美國人行列的危險。)”可知，他們家陷入了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，故B項(xiàng)“wereinfinancialdifficulty(陷入財(cái)政困難)”正確。故選B。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“ChildrenoftheGreatDepression,IshandArlenewereknownfortheirhabitofsaving.Theylikedparisonshoppingandwouldroutinelygofromstoretostore,checkingpricesbeforemakinganewpurchase.(作為大蕭條時期的孩子，伊什和阿琳都有存錢的習(xí)慣。他們喜歡貨比三家，在購買新東西之前，會經(jīng)常挨家挨戶地檢查價格。)”可知，他們這樣做是為了比較價格，是為了省錢，所以B選項(xiàng)“Theywantedtosavemoney.(他們想省錢）”正確。故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“IshandArleneneveraskedifyouneededanything.(伊什和阿琳從沒問過你需要什么。）”和“Theycouldseethingstheycoulddotomakeyouhappier,andtheywoulddothem.(只要看到自己做的事情能讓別人感覺到快樂，他們就會去做。)”說明他們很體貼很理解別人，所以A選項(xiàng)“understanding(理解的，有洞察力的）”符合題意。故選A。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“ItwastheHatches’wishthattheirlegacy,alegacyofkindnessasmuchasoneofdollarsandcents,shouldenrichthewholemunityandlastforgenerationstoe.(哈奇夫婦希望他們的遺產(chǎn)，一份善良的遺產(chǎn)，一份金錢的遺產(chǎn)，能夠豐富整個社區(qū)，并延續(xù)到子孫后代。)”以及最后一段“Neighborshelpingneighbors—thatwasIshandArleneHatch’sstory.(鄰居幫助鄰居——這就是伊什和阿琳·哈奇的故事。)”推知，哈奇夫婦的愿望就是他們的遺產(chǎn)能夠?yàn)樯鐓^(qū)以及子孫后代造福，鄰里之間能夠互相幫助，故D選項(xiàng)“TheHatcheswouldliketheneighborstofollowtheirexample.(哈奇一家希望鄰居們能以他們?yōu)榘駱樱狈项}意。故選D。CSomepeopleholdtheideathatbeingstarvingisthemosteffectivewayoflosingbodyfat.Remember,ifwegoonastarvationdiet,weloseweightbutnotmuchfat.Instarvationmode,weuseupourenergystoresofcarbohydrate(碳水化合物)first(intheformofasubstancecalledglycogen).However,thebodycanstoreonlyalittleglycogen,andthisisusedupwithintwodays.Thenwestartbreakingdownfatandprotein.Butwecan’taffordtolosebodyproteins:ourmusclemassdecreases,webeenoticeablyweaker,andourimmunityisthreatenedbecausethelackofprotectiveimmunoglobulinproteins(保護(hù)性免疫球蛋白)meanswearesubjecttoanincreasedriskofinfection.Sure,welookslimmer,andwecertainlyweighless,butweareweakerandbeingunhealthy.Thereisnopointindietingifit’sgoingtomakeusill.And,ofcourse,becauseweneedourmuscles,whenweareevenslightlydistractedfromthediet,ourbodiesimmediatelyrebuildmuscleandweregainallofthe‘lost’weightveryquickly.Notonlyhavewegonethroughaperiodofreducedimmunityandalackofproteins,minerals,vitamins,antioxidantsandotheressentialnutrients,thereisevidencethatsocalledimmediatelyeffectivedietingisdetrimentaltohealthinthelongerterm.Quitesimply,wearegoingtovirtuallyeliminateallrefined(精制的)carbohydratesandsugars(whicharealsocarbohydrates),leavinguswithalowcarbohydrate,highproteindiet.Onthisdiet,youwillbecuttingoutvirtuallyallrefinedcarbohydratessothatbodyfatisburnedwithpriority,toprovideenergy.Sugar,whiteflour,cakes,bread,pastaandricearetheusualtroublemakers.Thesefoodshaveverylittlenutritionalvalueand,what’smore,cancausemedicalandfatproblems.Ofcourse,thereareformsofthesecarbohydrates—suchaswholemealrice,wholemealbreadandwholemealpastas—thatdohavenutritionalbenefitsandwhichyoucanreintroducelater,butintheinitialstageofthediet,youhavetoreduceallcarbohydrates,toswitchonthefatburningmechanism.Onepointtobeawareofisthatrefinedcarbohydratescanappearinmanyunexpectedsources.Youprobablyknowthatbread,cakes,biscuits,potatocrispsandfriedpotatochipsallcontainrefinedcarbohydrates,butpasta,rice,mostbreakfastcereals,mosttinnedfoods,manyprepackagedfoods,andpreparedsaucesdoaswell…Infactthelistgoesonandon.Virtuallyall‘fastfoods’containveryhighproportionofrefinedcarbohydratesandifyourdietishighinrefinedcarbohydrates,youwilldefinitelyputonweight.Ifyou’reworriedthatbycuttingoutrefinedcarbohydratesyou’llhavevirtuallynofoodslefttochoosefrom,fearnot.Infact,highproteinandnutritiousfoodssuchasmeat,fish,shellfishandeggsareallopentoyou,alongwithvegetables,cheese,spicesandherbs,fromwhichyoucaneasilyproducedelicious,healthyandquickmeals.You’llberelievedtohearthatyoudon’thavetoliveonadietoflettuceandtomato.Onthecontrary,youwillbeeatingvirtuallylimitlessquantitiesofverytastyfoodwithdelicioussaucesanddressings:inotherwords,realfood!28．Whatdoyouknowaboutpeoplefollowingastarvationdiet?A．Theyaremorelikelytodevelopdiseases.B．Theyruntheriskofimmediatehealthproblems.C．Theirfatandproteinwillbeburntpriortocarbohydrates.D．Theirappetitewillbespoiledgradually.29．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph2?A．Damaging. B．Insignificant. C．Unpredictable. D．Constructive.30．Whatcanyoulearnaboutthecarbohydratesinahighproteindiet?A．Theyarebannedalthoughconsideredbeneficial.B．Theyareusedasaprimarysourceofenergy.C．Theycanbeconsumedonlyundercertaincircumstances.D．Carbohydratesfostertheconsumptionofsugaryfood.31．Whatcanyoudoifyoufollowthenewhighproteindiet?A．Youcanbeelessmuscularandathletic.B．Youshouldonlyeatmeat,fish,shellfishandeggs.C．Youshouldmonitoralltheproteinyoutakein.D．Youcanhaveandmakedeliciousdishes.【答案】28．A29．A30．C31．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章指出節(jié)食減肥法雖然能夠減輕體重，但會導(dǎo)致肌肉流失、免疫力下降以及缺乏必要的營養(yǎng)素，從而使身體變得虛弱和不健康。文章建議采用低碳水化合物、高蛋白的飲食方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)健康減肥，指出要避免精制碳水化合物，逐漸引入全谷類食物，同時警惕精制碳水化合物隱藏在許多食物中。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butwecan’taffordtolosebodyproteins:ourmusclemassdecreases,webeenoticeablyweaker,andourimmunityisthreatenedbecausethelackofprotectiveimmunoglobulinproteins(保護(hù)性免疫球蛋白)meanswearesubjecttoanincreasedriskofinfection.(但是我們不能失去身體的蛋白質(zhì)：我們的肌肉量減少，我們變得明顯更弱，我們的免疫力受到威脅，因?yàn)槿狈ΡＷo(hù)性免疫球蛋白意味著我們受到感染的風(fēng)險增加)”可知，采用節(jié)食減肥法的人免疫力會下降，更容易患病。故選A項(xiàng)。29．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“Notonlyhavewegonethroughaperiodofreducedimmunityandalackofproteins,minerals,vitamins,antioxidantsandotheressentialnutrients(我們不僅經(jīng)歷了免疫力下降和缺乏蛋白質(zhì)、礦物質(zhì)、維生素、抗氧化劑和其他必需營養(yǎng)素的時期)”可知，此處介紹節(jié)食減肥法對人體帶來的損害，畫線詞所在句是進(jìn)一步介紹這種損害。由此推知，所謂立竿見影的節(jié)食從長遠(yuǎn)來看對健康是“有害的”，畫線詞意思應(yīng)該是“有害的”，與damaging意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ofcourse,thereareformsofthesecarbohydrates—suchaswholemealrice,wholemealbreadandwholemealpastas—thatdohavenutritionalbenefitsandwhichyoucanreintroducelater,butintheinitialstageofthediet,youhavetoreduceallcarbohydrates,toswitchonthefatburningmechanism.(當(dāng)然，這些碳水化合物也有一些形式——比如全麥米飯、全麥面包和全麥面食——它們確實(shí)有營養(yǎng)價值，你可以稍后再引入它們，但在飲食的初始階段，你必須減少所有的碳水化合物，以啟動脂肪燃燒機(jī)制)”可知，在高蛋白飲食法中，碳水化合物只有在特定情況下才能吃，初始階段不能吃。故選C項(xiàng)。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Infact,highproteinandnutritiousfoodssuchasmeat,fish,shellfishandeggsareallopentoyou,alongwithvegetables,cheese,spicesandherbs,fromwhichyoucaneasilyproducedelicious,healthyandquickmeals.(事實(shí)上，高蛋白和營養(yǎng)的食物，如肉類、魚類、貝類和雞蛋，以及蔬菜、奶酪、香料和草藥，都是向你開放的，你可以很容易地制作出美味、健康和快速的食物)”可知，如果遵循高蛋白飲食法，你可以吃并制作出美味的菜肴。故選D項(xiàng)。DAtancientsitesacrosstheAmazonRiverbasin,mysteriousplotsofunusuallyrichsoildot(點(diǎn)綴)thelandscape.Scientistshavelongdebatedtheoriginofthis“darkearth”,whichisdarkerincolorthansurroundingsoilsandricherincarbon.Somepeoplethinkthisdarkearthformednaturally,butthelatestresearchhasshownthatmodernKuikuropeopleinBrazilcreatesimilarsoilaroundtheirvillagesonpurpose,whichaddsevidencetotheideathatlongagoAmazonsdeliberatelymadesuchsoiltoo.Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.“Whenyouplantinhillyland,thesoilisweak,”explainedelderKanuKuikuroinoneoftheinterviews.Thatiswhywethrowtheash,maniocpeelingsandmaniocpulp.Whenparingsoilsamplesfromancientandmodernsites,researchersfound“strikingsimilarities”—bothwerefarlessacidicthansurroundingsoilsandcontainedhigherlevelsofplantfriendlynutrients.Analysesalsorevealedthatdarkearthholdstwicetheamountofcarbonassurroundingsoilsonaverage.Scans(掃描)oftheXinguregionsuggestthattheareaisdottedwithdarkearth,andthatholdasmuchasabout9milliontonsofcarbon—theannualcarbonemissionsofasmall,industrializedcountry.“ThisnumbercouldroughlyequaltheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStateswhenalldarkearthacrosstheAmazonistakenintoconsideration,”Perronsays.FiguringoutthetruevalueofcarbonstoredintheAmazon’sdarkearthwillrequiremoredata.Still,theresearchhassignificantinfluencesontheAmazon’sfuture.ThetechniquehighlightshowancientpeoplewereabletoliveintheAmazonbydevelopingsustainablefarmingthatdoubledasacarbonstoringtechnique.Withmoreandmoregreenhousegasesenteringtheatmosphere,itcouldalsoprovideablueprintfordevelopingmethodsofsustainablylockingatmosphericcarboninthesoil,helpingfightclimatechange.32．WhatcanweinferfromthedarkearthacrosstheAmazonRiverbasin?A．Theyaremoreacidicthansurroundingsoils.B．Theycontainmoreorganicnutrients.C．Theyformednaturally.D．Theycontainlesscarbon.33．WhydoestheauthormentiontheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUS?A．Toexplainthedifficultyofprotectingdarkearth.B．ToshowthewidedistributionofdarkearthinAmazon.C．Tostressthehugecarbonstoringcapabilityofdarkearth.D．TorevealthelargecarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStates.34．Whatdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A．Theimportanceofdevelopingsustainablefarming.B．Theadvancedfarmingtechnologyinancienttomes.C．Apossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.D．Awayofgreenagriculture.35．Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A．UrgencyofSustainableDevelopment B．FactsAbouttheDarkEarthC．AdvantagesoftheDarkEarth D．WisdomofAncientAmazons【答案】32．B33．C34．C35．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了亞馬遜黑土地的形成和功能。黑土地是人為形成的，而非自然現(xiàn)象。同時黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力對于對抗全球氣候變化有一定作用?！驹斀狻?.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.(麻省理工學(xué)院的地球科學(xué)家Perron回顧了2018年Kuikuro電影制作人對Kuikuro人的采訪，發(fā)現(xiàn)Kuikuro村民通過使用灰燼、食物碎片和控制燃燒積極地制造黑暗的土地)”及“Whenparingsoilsamplesfromancientandmodernsites,researchersfound“strikingsimilarities”—bothwerefarlessacidicthansurroundingsoilsandcontainedhigherlevelsofplantfriendlynutrients.(在比較古代和現(xiàn)代遺址的土壤樣本時，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了“驚人的相似之處”——兩者的酸性都遠(yuǎn)低于周圍土壤，并且含有更高水平的植物友好營養(yǎng)物質(zhì))”可知，黑土地富含更多的利于植物成長的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，也就是有機(jī)營養(yǎng)成分。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Scans(掃描)oftheXinguregionsuggestthattheareaisdottedwithdarkearth,andthatholdasmuchasabout9milliontonsofcarbon—theannualcarbonemissionsofasmall,industrializedcountry.“ThisnumbercouldroughlyequaltheannualcarbonemissionsoftheUnitedStateswhenalldarkearthacrosstheAmazonistakenintoconsideration,”Perronsays.(對新古地區(qū)的掃描表明，該地區(qū)散布著暗土，其中含有約900萬噸碳——相當(dāng)于一個小型工業(yè)化國家的年碳排放量。Perron說：“這個數(shù)字大致相當(dāng)于美國每年的碳排放量，如果把整個亞馬遜地區(qū)的黑色土壤都考慮在內(nèi)的話。”)”可知，這個地區(qū)的黑土地可以吸附的碳數(shù)量相當(dāng)于一個小型工業(yè)化國家的碳排量。由此可推知，作者提到了美國每年的碳排放量，是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)黑土地巨大的碳儲存能力。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withmoreandmoregreenhousegasesenteringtheatmosphere,itcouldalsoprovideablueprintfordevelopingmethodsofsustainablylockingatmosphericcarboninthesoil,helpingfightclimatechange.(隨著越來越多的溫室氣體進(jìn)入大氣，它也可以為開發(fā)可持續(xù)地將大氣碳鎖定在土壤中的方法提供藍(lán)圖，幫助應(yīng)對氣候變化)”可知，黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案。故選C。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Perron,anearthscientistatMIT,reviewedinterviewsofKuikuropeopleconductedbyaKuikurofilmmakerin2018andfoundthatKuikurovillagersactivelymakedarkearthbyusingash,foodbitsandcontrolledburns.(麻省理工學(xué)院的地球科學(xué)家Perron回顧了2018年Kuikuro電影制作人對Kuikuro人的采訪，發(fā)現(xiàn)Kuikuro村民通過使用灰燼、食物碎片和控制燃燒積極地制造黑暗的土地)”及文章第二段描述“黑土地極強(qiáng)的碳吸附能力”和第三段“黑土地為對抗全球氣候變化提供了可能的解決方案”可知，本文主要介紹了關(guān)于黑土地的一些信息，由此可推知，B項(xiàng)“關(guān)于黑土地的事實(shí)”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WhenpeoplefirsteacrosstheLawofAttraction(吸引力法則),theirheartsandmindsoftenimmediatelythinkofonespecificthingthatthey’dlovetoachieveintheirlives.However,thenextthoughtisoften“ButIcan’tdothat”.Youmayeupwithallkindsofexcuses.36HerearethereasonswhyyoushouldbelieveyoucanusetheLawofAttractiontoobtainwhateveryouwant.Smallstepscreatebigchanges.Oneofthemostmonreasonsforabandoningdreamsisthattheysimplyseemtoohugetorealize.Usuallyit’smanageabletothinkoffollowingyourdreamastakingaseriesofsignificantbutsmallsteps.37Thenlookateachofthem.Notsounrealisticnow,isit?38Whenpeopleareinterviewedontheirdeathbedsorwriteabouttheirlivesinautobiographies(自傳),itisoftenobservedthatmajorregretstendtorelatetothingsthatwerenotdone.Inolderage,it’slikelythatyouwillbeunfortablewiththeideathatyoudidn’teventrytodothethingthatyoulovedorattempttoobtainwhatyoutrulywanted.39Butyoudon’teverneedtofeelthisway!Maketodaythefirstdayofyournewjourneytowardsavoidingregret.Stepstowardsyourdreamareneverbackwardssteps.Anothermonworryisthatifyoufollowyourdreams,you’llbe“takingstepsback”.