專題06 閱讀表達(dá)-【好題匯編】2024年高考英語(yǔ)一模試題分類匯編北京專用解析版

專題06閱讀表達(dá)（一）（204屆.北京海淀區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。Asakid,IdreamedofbecomingamarinebiologistandIlivedoutthisfantasybysettingupaquariums（魚缸）athome.Then,at20,IwasintroducedtophotographerDavidLiittschwager,whohiredmetohelphimwithamagazineassignmentonmarinelife.David’sassignmentwastodocumenttheamazingbiodiversityfoundintheocean.Myrolewastocollectspeciesforhimtophotograph.Everynight,Iwouldcastafloatinglamp.Likemothsdrawntoaflame,mysteriouscreatureswouldemergefromthedepthsinsearchofthislight.I'dthensetupaquariumstohousethemastheywaitedforDavidtotaketheirshot.ThoseeveningsmademefeelasifIwereonanotherplanet.Ihadneverimaginedsuchstrangelife-formscouldexistinouroceans.ButIdidn'tgraspthetruemagicofwhatwasinfrontofmeuntilIsawthephotographsDavidtook.Thebiggestsurprisewashisimageofababyflounder.Icaughtthisfishbyaccident.OnlylaterdidInoticeitstwotinyeyeballsstaringbackatme.ButDavid'sphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetailthatevenmyeagereyeshadmissed.Hismacrolensmagnifieditsribs.Thelightning-fastexposurefrozeitsmotion.Apreciselyaimedlightreleasedtherainbowhiddeninitsskin.Andtheblackbackgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.Yearsafterthatproject,Iwassnorkeling（潛水）onashallowreef.Outofthedarkness,anotherbabyflounderemergedandsettledonmymask.ThistimeIknewwhattolookfor.BeforeworkingforDavid,Ihadassumedthegoalofphotographywassimplytoreproduceanobservationsothatotherscouldsharethesameexperience.Ithadneveroccurredtomethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandthereforeteachustoseetheworldanew.Whatwastheauthor'sresponsibilityinDavid’sassignment?______________________________________________________________________________________WhywasDavid'simageofababyflounderthebiggestsurprisetotheauthor?______________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Encounteringababyflounderwhilesnorkelingdeepenedtheauthor’sunderstandingthatphotographycouldreproduceanobservation._______________________________________________________________________________________Whatcanhelpyouseetheworldanew?（Inabout40words）_______________________________________________________________________________________【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講作者回憶自己年輕時(shí)協(xié)助攝影師DavidLiittschwager拍攝海洋生物的經(jīng)歷，通過(guò)David拍攝的魚的照片，意識(shí)到攝影可以擴(kuò)展視覺(jué)感知，讓人重新看待世界。后來(lái)作者潛水時(shí)再次遇到小魚，有了新的認(rèn)知。【40題詳解】考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第二段“Myrolewastocollect

species

forhimtophotograph.”可知作者的職責(zé)是為大衛(wèi)收集物種供他拍攝。故答案為Theauthor'sresponsibilitywastocollectspeciesforDavidtophotograph.【41題詳解】考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段“hisphotographofthisflounderrevealedauniverseofdetail...Andthe

black

backgroundremovedalldistractionstofocusourattentiononthequietbeautyathand.”可知，大衛(wèi)拍攝的照片揭示了作者錯(cuò)過(guò)的許多細(xì)節(jié)，展現(xiàn)了攝影的魅力，這讓作者感到驚喜。故答案為Becauseitrevealedauniverseofdetailthattheauthorhadmissedandshowedthemagicofphotography.

【42題詳解】考察細(xì)節(jié)理解。從最后一段可知，作者意識(shí)到攝影可以擴(kuò)展我們的視覺(jué)感知，讓我們重新看待世界，而不只是簡(jiǎn)單地再現(xiàn)一個(gè)觀察結(jié)果。故答案為Thepartthatisfalseis“photographycouldreproduceanobservation”.Theauthorcametorealizethatphotographycouldexpandourvisualperceptionandteachustoseetheworldanew.

【43題詳解】開(kāi)放題。要求考生談?wù)勛约簩?huì)如何利用考試焦慮來(lái)幫助自己更好地準(zhǔn)備考試，考生言之有理即可。故參考答案為Photographycanhelponeseetheworldanewbecauseitcanexpandourvisualperceptionandteachustoobserveandappreciatetheworldinadifferentway,revealingdetailsandbeautythatwemightotherwisemiss.（二）（2024屆.北京西城區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。Inafast-pacedworld,wherestressandmentaltirednessseemcommonplace,we’reconstantlylookingfornewwaystounwind.Peoplemaycarryoutavarietyofactivitiestohelpthemrelax.Butwhataboutthebirdsongsorothernaturesounds?Couldtheyalsohelppeopletoletgoofthetensionsofmodernlife?AccordingtoastudybyKing’sCollegeLondonin2022,seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthementalwellbeingofpeople.Takingatriptoplacesrichinbirdlifelikeparks,forestsandcanalsandencounteringbirdssingingtoeachotherinthetreescouldevenhelptotreatsomementalhealthconditions.Andit’snotjustbirdsthatcouldhaveacurativeeffectonourmoods.AnotherstudyconductedbytheNationalTrustcomparedtheeffectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditation(冥想)apps.Thestudyfoundlisteningtobirdsongaswellasotherwoodlandsoundslikeleavescrunchingunderfootorthegentleflowofastreamboostedfeelingsofrelaxation30%morethantheappsdo.Othersoundswhichmayhelptocoolpeopledownarewaveslappingontheshore,gentlewind,andlightrainfall.However,notallofusliveinruralsurroundings,anddependingonwherewelive,atriptothecountrysidetoseebirdsmaynotbeanoption.Butcouldthenaturesoundsthatoriginatetherestillhelpyou?AccordingtoresearchbyCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversity,evenarecordingofthesoundsofbirdshadaprofoundeffectonpeople’smood,whileotherstudiessawpeoplelisteningtosoundscapesofthecoastandforestswithsimilaroutcomestotheirwellbeing.So,whereveryoulive,youcanaccessthewonderfulsoundsofbirdsandnatureduringastrollthroughawoodorviasomeheadphones.Andmaybelisteningtothechirps,trills,warblesandwhistlesofsomebirdscouldhelpyoutorelaxafteralong,hardday.40.WhatdidthestudybyKing’sCollegeLondonin2022find?_____________________________________________________________________________________41.HowdidtheNationalTrustconductthestudy?_____________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Accordingtothepassage,birdssinging,voicedmeditationappsandtherecordingofthesoundsofnaturehavethesameeffectonpeople’smood._____________________________________________________________________________________43.Besideswhatismentionedinthepassage,whatdoyouusuallydotohelpyourelaxinyourdailylife?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthementalwellbeingofpeople.41.Theycomparedtheeffectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditationapps.42.Accordingtothepassage,birdssinging,voicedmeditationappsandtherecordingofthesoundsofnaturehavethesameeffectonpeople’smood.Thestudyfoundlisteningtobirdsongaswellasothersoundsofnatureboostedfeelingsofrelaxation30%morethantheappsdo.43.Inadditiontowhatismentionedinthepassage,Iusuallylistentomusic,dosomesimpleexercises,orengageinhobbiessuchasreadingandpaintingtohelpmerelaxindailylife.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了2022年倫敦國(guó)王學(xué)院的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)看到或聽(tīng)到鳥的聲音有助于促進(jìn)人們的心理健康。文章介紹了研究開(kāi)展的經(jīng)過(guò)以及發(fā)現(xiàn)等?！?0題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoastudybyKing’sCollegeLondonin2022,seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthementalwellbeingofpeople.(根據(jù)倫敦國(guó)王學(xué)院2022年的一項(xiàng)研究，看到或聽(tīng)到鳥類有助于促進(jìn)人們的心理健康)”可知，2022年倫敦國(guó)王學(xué)院的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)看到或聽(tīng)到鳥的聲音有助于促進(jìn)人們的心理健康。故答案為Seeingorhearingbirdscouldhelptoboostthementalwellbeingofpeople.【41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“AnotherstudyconductedbytheNationalTrustcomparedtheeffectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditation(冥想)apps.(國(guó)民信托組織進(jìn)行的另一項(xiàng)研究比較了林地聲音和語(yǔ)音冥想應(yīng)用程序的影響)”可知，國(guó)民信托是比較了林地聲音和有聲冥想應(yīng)用程序的效果來(lái)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故答案為Theycomparedtheeffectsofwoodlandsoundswithvoicedmeditationapps.【42題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段“Thestudyfoundlisteningtobirdsongaswellasotherwoodlandsoundslikeleavescrunchingunderfootorthegentleflowofastreamboostedfeelingsofrelaxation30%morethantheappsdo.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽(tīng)鳥鳴以及其他林地的聲音，如腳下樹(shù)葉的嘎吱聲或溪流的輕柔流水聲，比應(yīng)用程序能讓人放松30%)”可知，錯(cuò)誤的部分為“havethesameeffectonpeople’smood”，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，聽(tīng)鳥鳴和其他自然聲音能比應(yīng)用程序多增加30%的放松感。故答案為【43題詳解】考查開(kāi)放題。根據(jù)“除了文中提到的，你在日常生活中通常做些什么來(lái)幫助你放松？”可回答：除了文章中提到的，我通常聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，做一些簡(jiǎn)單的練習(xí)，或從事愛(ài)好，如閱讀和繪畫，以幫助我放松在日常生活中。故答案為Inadditiontowhatismentionedinthepassage,Iusuallylistentomusic,dosomesimpleexercises,orengageinhobbiessuchasreadingandpaintingtohelpmerelaxindailylife.（三）（2024屆.北京東城區(qū)等五區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。Inordertofitinandmakefriendsinanewschool,Amandaobservedhowherclassmatesbehavedandinteractedwitheachother.Gradually,sheperfectlyadoptedthemannerismsoftheclassmatesaroundher,laughingattheirjokes,noddinginagreementwiththeiropinions,hidingherselfintosomeoneshethoughtotherswantedhertobe.We’vealldonethese.Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofholdingbackorhidingournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssowecanfeelaccepted.Inaworldthatoftentellsustojustbeourselves,youmightwonderwhymanyofusrelyonsocialmasking.“Socialmaskinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded,”sayspsychologistDiptiTait.“It’satribal(群體的)thingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown.Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselvesfromexposureanddifference.”Whilemaskingcanhelpusdealwithsocialsituations,itcanalsocomewithnegativeconsequences.Hidingourbehavioursandinterestsconstantlycanleadtoastrongfeelingofseparation,disconnection,andinternalconflict.Asaresult,wemayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingdepressionaswestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsandsignsthatotherstakeforgranted.Fortunately,amaskisnotourownskin.Wemayfeelextremelytiredaftersocialengagementsandwanttospendtimealoneinordertofeellikeourselves.“Thegoalistofeelsafeenoughtoremovethemask,”saysTait.“It’scrucialforindividualstoreceiveacceptanceandsupportforwhotheyare,ratherthanfeelingliketheyneedtohidetheirtrueselvesinordertofitin.”40.Whatissocialmasking?_____________________________________________________________41.Whydomanyofusrelyonsocialmasking?_____________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed._____________________________________________________________43.Inadditiontomasking,whatelsecanyoudotofitinwhenyouareinanewenvironment?(Inabout40words)_____________________________________________________________【答案】40.Itistheprocessofholdingbackorhidingyournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssoyoucanfeelaccepted.41.Becauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded./It’satribalthingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown./Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselvesfromexposureanddifference./Becauseasaspecieseveryonewantstobeincludedratherthanbeingontheirownorbeingexposedanddifferent.42.Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed.Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed.Accordingtothepassage,theywillfeelmoredepressed/theymayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingdepression.43.Asastudent,whenIaminanewenvironment,Iwilltrytointeractwithmyclassmates,whichcanmakeusknoweachotherbetter.Iwillmakemyselfclearbecauseitisasignofrespectforothersandmyself.(開(kāi)放題，言之有理即可)【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了什么是“社會(huì)偽裝”，其產(chǎn)生的原因以及帶來(lái)的不良后果?！?0題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中“Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofholdingbackorhidingournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssowecanfeelaccepted.(這是一種社會(huì)偽裝，是一種抑制或隱藏我們與他人互動(dòng)的自然方式的過(guò)程，這樣我們就能感到被接受)”可知，社會(huì)偽裝是一種克制或隱藏你與他人互動(dòng)的自然方式的過(guò)程，這樣你就會(huì)感到被接受。故答案為：Itistheprocessofholdingbackorhidingyournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssoyoucanfeelaccepted.【41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中““Socialmaskinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded,”sayspsychologistDiptiTait.“It’satribal(群體的)thingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown.Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselvesfromexposureanddifference.”(心理學(xué)家DiptiTait說(shuō)：“社會(huì)偽裝之所以發(fā)生，是因?yàn)槲覀冏鳛橐粋€(gè)物種想要被包容。這是一個(gè)群體的的事情，我們?cè)谝黄穑皇俏覀冏约?。我們都有一定的偽裝來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受暴露和差異的影響?！?”可知，我們中的很多人都依賴社會(huì)偽裝是因?yàn)槲覀兿胍话?；因?yàn)槲覀兪且粋€(gè)群體，而不是一個(gè)人；或者因?yàn)槲覀兌加幸欢ǖ膫窝b來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受暴露和差異的影響。故答案為：Becauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded./It’satribalthingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown./Weallhavecertainmaskstoprotectourselvesfromexposureanddifference./Becauseasaspecieseveryonewantstobeincludedratherthanbeingontheirownorbeingexposedanddifferent.【42題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中“Asaresult,wemayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingdepressionaswestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsandsignsthatotherstakeforgranted.(因此，當(dāng)我們努力理解別人認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的社會(huì)情境和跡象時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷更大的的患抑郁癥的可能性)”可知，當(dāng)人們努力理解別人認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的社會(huì)情境和跡象時(shí)，可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷嚴(yán)重的抑郁。因此句中錯(cuò)誤部分為“theywillfeellessdepressed”；根據(jù)文章可知，他們的情緒會(huì)更加低落。故答案為：Whenpeoplestruggletounderstandsocialsituationsthatothersconsidernormal,theywillfeellessdepressed.Accordingtothepassage,theywillfeelmoredepressed/theymayexperienceaheightenedandincreasedpossibilityofdevelopingdepression.【43題詳解】開(kāi)放性題目。答案符合邏輯即可，注意詞數(shù)要求。例如，作為一名學(xué)生，當(dāng)我在一個(gè)新的環(huán)境中，我會(huì)嘗試與我的同學(xué)互動(dòng)，這可以讓我們更好地了解彼此。我會(huì)把自己的意思說(shuō)清楚，因?yàn)檫@是一種尊重他人和尊重自己的表現(xiàn)。故答案可為：Asastudent,whenIaminanewenvironment,Iwilltrytointeractwithmyclassmates,whichcanmakeusknoweachotherbetter.Iwillmakemyselfclearbecauseitisasignofrespectforothersandmyself.（四）（2024屆.北京石景山區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域內(nèi)作答。Winningasignificantscienceawardisabigdeal,especiallyifyouare12yearsold.ButMarineGill,agirlfromFresno,California,wonthetopawardintheScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge(SIIC)fordesigningafiredetectionsystemsuperiortoexistingones.Marine’sinspirationcamefromafirethatdestroyedarestaurantinherneighbourhoodduringthespringof2023.“Ihadneverreallyexperiencedsomethinglikethatbefore,”shetoldTheWashingtonPostabouttheearlymorningfire,whichstartedinthekitchen.“Theyhadsmokedetectingdevice(設(shè)備),andyetitstillburneddown.”Aftershestudiedfirestatistics,Marinespentoverhalfayeardevelopingafiredetectionsystemthatcouldhavepreventedthefire.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectorsthatsenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,Marine’sthermal(熱的)imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.Withathermalcameraandatinycomputer,thedevicedetectswhenaheatsourcehasbeenleftunattendedfortenminutesandsendsatextmessagewarning.Thehardestpartwastheprogramming.“Ihadtwodesigns,andmyfirstdesigncompletelyfailed.ItwasareallybigchallengeIhadtogothrough,”shesaid.Thefinaldeviceoutperformstraditionalsmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy.Marinewantstobringthecostsdowntomakeitevenmorecommonthanhardwiredsmokedetectors.“Thetopwinnershave,exhibitedboundlesspossibility,”MayaFranklin,presidentofSocietyforScience,saidinthepressrelease.“Theirremarkableresearchnotonlyreflectstheirtalentbutalsoputsasteppingstonetoanexcitingnewfuture.”40.WhatdesignwonMarineGillthetopawardintheSJIC?______________________________________________________________41.FromwheredidMarinedrawinspirationforthedesign?______________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectors,Marine’sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtosenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair.______________________________________________________________43.WhatisthemainqualitythathasmadeMarineatopwinner?Why?(Inabout40words)______________________________________________________________【答案】40.Afiredetectionsystem41.Afirethatdestroyedarestaurant42.Unliketraditionalsmokedetectors,Marine’sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtosenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair.Marine’sthermal(熱的)imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.43.Determinationandindomitablespirit.Becausedeterminationandindomitablespiritarethekeytosuccess.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了MarineGill成功發(fā)明了一種優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有的火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)的故事?！?0題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ButMarineGill,agirlfromFresno,California,wonthetopawardintheScientificJuniorInnovatorsChallenge(SIIC)fordesigningafiredetectionsystemsuperiortoexistingones.”（但來(lái)自加州弗雷斯諾的女孩馬琳·吉爾在科學(xué)少年創(chuàng)新者挑戰(zhàn)賽(SIIC)中獲得了最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，她設(shè)計(jì)了一種優(yōu)于現(xiàn)有的火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)。）可知，火災(zāi)探測(cè)系統(tǒng)使得MarineGill贏得了SIIC最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。故填A(yù)firedetectionsystem。【41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Marine’sinspirationcamefromafirethatdestroyedarestaurantinherneighbourhoodduringthespringof2023.”（馬琳的靈感來(lái)自于2023年春天，一場(chǎng)大火燒毀了她家附近的一家餐館）可知，Marine靈感來(lái)源一場(chǎng)大火燒毀了一家餐館。故填A(yù)firethatdestroyedarestaurant?！?2題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Unliketraditionalsmokedetectorsthatsenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair,Marine’sthermal(熱的)imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.”（與傳統(tǒng)的煙霧探測(cè)器從空氣中的煙霧中感知活躍的火災(zāi)不同，Marine的熱成像設(shè)備旨在阻止火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。）可知，傳統(tǒng)的煙霧探測(cè)器從空氣中的煙霧中感知活躍的火災(zāi)，而Marine的熱成像設(shè)備旨在阻止火災(zāi)的發(fā)生。故填Unliketraditionalsmokedetectors,Marine’sthermalimagingdeviceisdesignedtosenseactivefiresfromthesmokeintheair.Marine’sthermal(熱的)imagingdeviceisdesignedtostopfiresfromoccurring.【43題詳解】開(kāi)放性試題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Ihadtwodesigns,andmyfirstdesigncompletelyfailed.ItwasareallybigchallengeIhadtogothrough,”shesaid.Thefinaldeviceoutperformstraditionalsmokedetectorsinspeedandaccuracy”（我有兩個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)，第一個(gè)完全失敗了。這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，”她說(shuō)。最終的裝置在速度和準(zhǔn)確性上都優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)的煙霧探測(cè)器）可知，是她堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志和不服輸?shù)木袷顾龖?zhàn)勝了困難，贏得了最高獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，因?yàn)閳?jiān)強(qiáng)的意志和不服輸?shù)木袷浅晒Φ年P(guān)鍵。故回答為Determinationandindomitablespirit.Becausedeterminationandindomitablespiritarethekeytosuccess.（五）（2024屆.北京房山區(qū).統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問(wèn)題。Asthesayinggoes,“timewaitsfornoman”.Timeisalwaysagainstus,andwejustcan’tstopit.Maybethat’swhysomeofusarealwaysrunninglateforappointments.Butiftimekeepingisnotwhatyou’regoodat,don’tstress.Theremightbeagoodreasonforyourlackofpunctuality.People’sattitudestobeingontimevary.Someclock-watchandmakesurethey’rebangontimeforameeting.Itis,afterall,rudetobelate,andifyoucanmakeitontime,whycan’teveryoneelse?Butif,likeme,youwanttomakeeverysecondcount,youmighttrytosqueezeasmuchasyoucanintothetimeyouhaveavailable.However,whenyourscheduledoesn’truntoplan,yourpunctualityinevitablyslips.Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.AuthorGracePacietoldtheBBCthat“they’rethepeoplewhodon’twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,andtheydon’tallowenoughtime.”Theyassumetheirjourneytoanappointmentwillalwaysgosmoothly,andthetrainwillalwaysbeontime!Perceptionsofunpunctualpeoplearealmostalwaysnegative—evenifsometimeswrong.Expertssay:Beingconsistentlylatemightnotbeyourfault.Itcouldbeyourtype.Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.Itisalsopossiblepeoplearelatesonottobeconspicuousandtoavoidtheanxiouswaitforotherstoturnup.MaybewelatecomersshouldmakemoreofaneffortandfollowtheadviceIheardtonot“try”tobeontimebut“decide”tobeontime40.Whatdoes“timebenders”referto?_______________________________________________________________________________41.Whatarethepersonalitycharacteristicsoftimebenders?_______________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’tcareaboutbeinglatesotheydon’tallowenoughtime._______________________________________________________________________________43.Whatdoyouusuallydotobeontime?(Inabout40words)_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Itreferstopeoplewholackpromptness./Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.41.Thecharacteristicssuchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking./Theyoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.42.AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’tcareaboutbeinglatesotheydon’tallowenoughtime.AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,sotheydon’tallowenoughtime.43.MymethodtobeontimeismakingaclearschedulesothatIcanprepareinadvance.Besides,Iamusedtoallowingenoughtimeincasesomethingunexpectedhappens.Sometimestogetupearly,Iwillsetanalarmandcheckitbeforebedtime.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了也許遲到不是我們的錯(cuò)，并介紹了我們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)遲到?！?0題詳解】考查詞句猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段“Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.(做事不及時(shí)的人被稱為‘不守時(shí)的人’。)”可知，“不守時(shí)的人”是做事不及時(shí)的人。故答案為Itreferstopeoplewholackpromptness./Peoplewholackpromptnesshavebeendescribedas“timebenders”.【41題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thepunctually-challengedoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.(不守時(shí)的人通常有共同的性格特征，比如樂(lè)觀、自制力低、焦慮或喜歡尋求刺激。)”可知，“不守時(shí)的人”的性格特征是樂(lè)觀、自我控制水平低、焦慮或?qū)で蟠碳さ膬A向。故答案為Thecharacteristicssuchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking./Theyoftensharepersonalitycharacteristics,suchasoptimism,lowlevelsofself-control,anxiety,orapenchantforthrill-seeking.【42題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段“AuthorGracePacietoldtheBBCthat“they’rethepeoplewhodon’twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,andtheydon’tallowenoughtime.(作家GracePacie告訴BBC：‘他們是不想遲到的人，但他們對(duì)早到有一種奇怪的抗拒，他們不給自己足夠的時(shí)間?！?”可知，不守時(shí)的人也不想遲到，但是他們對(duì)早到有一種奇怪的抗拒，所以他們不給自己足夠的時(shí)間，“don’tcareaboutbeinglate”是錯(cuò)誤的，故答案為AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’tcareaboutbeinglatesotheydon’tallowenoughtime.AccordingtoGracePacie,timebendersdon’twanttobelate,buttheyhaveastrangeresistancetobeingearly,sotheydon’tallowenoughtime.【43題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)我自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我準(zhǔn)時(shí)的方法是制定一個(gè)明確的時(shí)間表，這樣我就可以提前做好準(zhǔn)備。此外，我習(xí)慣留出足夠的時(shí)間，以防意外發(fā)生。有時(shí)為了早起，我會(huì)設(shè)置鬧鐘并在睡覺(jué)前檢查它。故答案為MymethodtobeontimeismakingaclearschedulesothatIcanprepareinadvance.Besides,Iamusedtoallowingenoughtimeincasesomethingunexpectedhappens.Sometimestogetupearly,Iwillsetanalarmandcheckitbeforebedtime.（六）（2024屆.北京延慶.統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問(wèn)題。Anxietyisnotdeadly,becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatbeinganxiousisanormalpartoflife,wecanuseittoourbenefit.Anxietycanhelpbuildouremotionalstrength.Ifwewanttobuildemotionalstrength,weneedtofacesomedegreeofmentalstress.Ofcourse,unpleasantandabusetendtocausemoreharmthangood,buttheexperienceofoccasionalanxiety,stress,andtensionsubstantiallyincreasesouremotionalcourage.Anxietycanincreaseyouremotionalconnection.Clinicalsciencehasidentifiedthatsharingouranxietieswithourlovedonesisoneofthemosteffectivestrategiestobuildconnection.Whenmypatientslearntoopenupandsharetheiranxietieswiththeirpartners,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalconnection.Anxietycanhelpusrebalance.Whenwefeelgenuinelyanxiousbecauseofstress,it’sourbody’swayoftellingustorebalance.Nobodyistrulylimitless.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsolessstressedandanxious.Anxietycanbeahealthy,helpfulemotionthatisaconstructiveaspectofhumanlife.Whenitcomestooccasionalexperienceofanxiety,itcanemotionallyhelpboostourcourage.Itcanalsobuildupemotionalconnectionwhenweexpressoursensitivefeelingstoothers.Andintheformofstress,itcanserveasaninternalindicatortoremainbalancedandhealthy.Nowit’shightimewestartedputtingittogooduse．40.Whyisanxietynotdeadly?____________________________________________________________________________________________41.Whencananxietyincreaseouremotionalconnection?____________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious．____________________________________________________________________________________________43.Asastudent,howdoyoumakeuseoftestanxietytohelpyoubebetterpreparedforexams?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.41.Whenweshareouranxietieswithourlovedones.42.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious.Becauseaccordingtothepassage,whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergelessstressedandanxious.43.Icanusetestanxietytomotivatemyselftostudyharderandbebetterpreparedforexamsbyremindingmyselfoftheimportanceofdoingwellandtheconsequencesofnotbeingprepared.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章就“焦慮”這一話題展開(kāi)了論述，分析了焦慮的積極作用和如何利用焦慮?！?0題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段“Anxietyisnotdeadly,becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfight-or-flightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.(焦慮并不是致命的，因?yàn)槟軌蚋械浇箲]表明我們的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)作，這是大腦和感官健康的一個(gè)指標(biāo)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為焦慮并不是致命的，因?yàn)槟軌蚋械浇箲]表明我們的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑系統(tǒng)在運(yùn)作，這是大腦和感官健康的一個(gè)指標(biāo)。故答案為Becausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthat