小升初音標(biāo)學(xué)生版

音標(biāo)

入門(mén)測(cè)一、選出下列單詞劃線(xiàn)部分發(fā)音與所給音標(biāo)不相同的一項(xiàng)。/?/A．nurse B．mother C．worker D．sister2．/a?/A．now B．yellow C．cow D．brown3./j/A．yes B．yellow C．fly D．you4./e?/A．make B．Kate C．cake D．bad5./i:/A．tree B．green C．read D．bread6./??/A．near B．dear C．where D．here7./?/A．little B．find C．gift D．swim/?/A．sun B．cup C．money D．ruler/e/A．three B．there C．that D．this10./?/A．cook B．book C．good D．room二、選出單詞與對(duì)應(yīng)的音標(biāo)。（1）meet A.[h?：s]（2）horse B.[buk]（3）two C.['br?e?]（4）book D.[mi：t]（5）brother E.[tu：]三、選出下列句子中畫(huà)線(xiàn)部分的音標(biāo)，將序號(hào)填線(xiàn)上。A./?/B./j/C./i/D./a?/（1）Therei____s?some?milk?in?the?fri____dge.（2）Rubber?du___ck?likes?su___nny?weather.（3）They____oung?girl?wears?ay___ellow?dress?at?the?NewY___ear?party.（4）Lili?li___kes?eatingi___ce?creams?and?ri____ding?bi___kes.知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解：音標(biāo)及字母【課前熱身】讀讀下面的繞口令，看誰(shuí)讀得最好Bettybeatabitofbuttertomakeabetterbutterbread.貝蒂敲打一小塊黃油要做一塊更好的奶油面包。TedsentFredtenhensyesterdaysoFred’sfreshbreadisreadyalready.特德昨天給弗萊德送去了十只母雞，所以弗萊德的新面包已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了。一、關(guān)于語(yǔ)音的幾個(gè)概念:1.音素:音的最小單位,英語(yǔ)中有48個(gè)音素.2.音節(jié):由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位.3.元音:發(fā)音響亮,是樂(lè)音,口腔中氣流不受阻礙,是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語(yǔ)中有20個(gè)元音.4.輔音:發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,不是音節(jié)的重要組成部分,英語(yǔ)中有28個(gè)輔音.二、48個(gè)國(guó)際音標(biāo)：（1）元音（20個(gè)）

5個(gè)長(zhǎng)元音：/ɑ:/

:car/arm/class/fast/?:/:ball/four/walk/

?:/:her/girl/early/i:/

:eat/tea/me/u:/:

two/school/food

7個(gè)短元音

：/?/：up/bus/love/?/ ：hot/lot/what/?/：teacher/father/after/?/：it/is/pig/?/：look/good/book /e/：bed/elephant/yes/?/：apple/happy/bag8個(gè)雙元音

：/e?/:say/day/name/a?/:like/nine/five/??/:oil/toy/boy/??/:go/no/coat/a?/:out/now/how/??/:deer/ear/dear /e?/:pear/there/air /??/:sure （2）輔音（28個(gè)）

10個(gè)清輔音：/p/

/

t/

/

k/

/f/

/θ/

/s/

/?/

/

h/

/ts/

/t?/

/tr/

pigtwocakefishthreesingshehairstudentspeachtree10個(gè)濁輔音

：/b/

/d/

/g/

/v/

/e/

/z/

/?/

/

r/

/dz/

/d?/

/dr/

bigdaddogverywithzoomeasurered

handsorangedrink3個(gè)鼻音：

/m/

/n/

/?/

milknoseking

2個(gè)半元音：

/

j//

w/

yeswater1個(gè)邊音

：/

?/lemon三、26個(gè)字母概述：英語(yǔ)共有26個(gè)字母,這26個(gè)字母可以組成千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)個(gè)單詞,英語(yǔ)字母是學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的基礎(chǔ)。2.在26個(gè)英文字母中，元音字母：Aa

Ee

Ii

Oo

Uu

半元音字母；其他為輔音字母

。3.26個(gè)英文字母及發(fā)音音標(biāo)如下:

Aa

/ei/

Bb

/bi:/

Cc

/si:/

Dd

/di:/

Ee

/i:/

Ff

/ef/

Gg

/d3i:/

Hh

/eit∫/

Ii

/ai

/

Jj

/d3ei/

Kk

/kei/

Ll

/el/

Mn

/em/

Nn

/en/

Oo

/?u/

Pp

/pi:/

Qq

/kju:/

Rr

/a:/

Ss

/es/

Tt

/ti:/

Uu

/ju:/

Vv

/vi:/

Ww

/d?blju:/

Xx

/eks/

Yy

/wai/

Zz

/zed/

/zi:/

以上我們可以看出,英語(yǔ)字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素.如:

1)含元音音素[ei]

字母:

Aa

Hh

Jj

Kk

音標(biāo):

/ei/

/eit∫/

/d3ei/

/kei/

2)

含元音音素[i:]

字母:

Bb

Cc

Dd

Ee

Gg

Pp

Tt

Vv

Zz

音標(biāo):

/bi:/

/si:/

/di:/

/i:/

/d3i:/

/pi:/

/ti:/

/vi:/

/zi:/

3)

含元音音素[e]

字母:

Ff

Ll

Mm

Nn

Ss

Xx

Zz

音標(biāo):

/ef/

/el/

/em/

/en/

/es/

/eks/

/zed/

4)

含元音音素[ju:]

字母:

Uu

Qq

Ww

音標(biāo):

/ju:/

/kju:/

/d?blju:/

5)

含元音音素[ai]

字母:

Ii

Yy

音標(biāo):

/ai/

/wai/

【小試牛刀】1、將下列發(fā)音與音標(biāo)連線(xiàn)footfoodgoodgoosegreatrabbit/fu:d//f?t//gre?t//g?d//r?b?t//gu:s/四、認(rèn)識(shí)下面人體部位并試著自己進(jìn)行拼讀1.eye

/ai/

眼睛

2.nose/n?uz/

鼻子

3.tooth

/tuθ/

牙齒

4.mouth

/ma?θ/

嘴巴

5.tongue/t??/

舌頭6.hair/he?/

頭發(fā)

7.ear/??/

耳朵8.face/feis/臉9.head/hed/

頭10.hand/h?nd/

手11.arm/ɑ:m/

手12.foot/f?t/腳【小試牛刀】聽(tīng)老師口令，指出老師所講身體部位音標(biāo)讀法及組合發(fā)音元音單元音：1)[i:]發(fā)音字母:eeeaeieeiee:threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeea:eatteameatleaveteacherteammeanspeakcleanpleasee:heshemeie:pieceei:receive2)[?]發(fā)音字母:iyei:sitpictureitislistsixpigbigbuildmissy:manytwentyhappydictionarye:decidedelicious3)[?]發(fā)音字母:aa:baghandandanthappyhatmapblackbackgladflagman4)[e]發(fā)音字母:eaeaea:headbreadsweaterbreakfastheavypleasuree:elephantrememberselllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesa:manyany5)[?:]發(fā)音字母:irurearerorir:girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdur:turnburnmurdernurseturtlepurpleThursdayer:learnearlyearthhearder:termheror:workworkerwordworld6)[?]發(fā)音字母:eroroaeurureer:teacherunderrememberplayerfathermotherfarmerafteror:doctoractorforgeto:togethertomorrowtodaylessonwelepolicemana:aroundaboutagoelephantawaybananaChinae:studentchildrenopendifferentur/ure:Saturdaypicture7)[ɑ:]發(fā)音字母:araar:carfarmcardarmgardenaska:fastclasslastglassaunt8)[?]發(fā)音字母:uoouoou:upsupperlunchfunrunhuntcupbuso:emotherdosebrotherloveaboveou:troubleoo:bloodflood9)[?:]發(fā)音字母:alarauorourooral:allsmallwalltalktallballcallwalkar:warmquarterau:daughterautumnor:shorthorseforfortysportdoorfloorstoreour:fouryouroor:doorfloor10)[?]([?])發(fā)音字母:oao:orangehotlostlotfoxboxhoplotnota:wantwhatwashwatch11)[u:]發(fā)音字母:ooouoo:toozoofoodschoolroomgoosetootho:whodotwotoshoewhoseu:truetruthbluefullruler12)[?]發(fā)音字母:ooouuooo:lookgoodfootbookwoodou:shouldcouldwouldu:putfullpullpusho:womanwolf【單元音練習(xí)】一、將下列單詞中發(fā)[i]這個(gè)音的字母劃出來(lái)pig fishinfifteensixshipbeginbehindjacketbasketballrainythinhappyheavybusycarrysunnymoneylovelystudytwentythirtywindymonkey二、根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，圈出每組中劃線(xiàn)的元音字母發(fā)音不相同的單詞。1.A.sofa B.sit C.kick D.lip2.A.ink B.gift C.jam D.ship3.A.hand B.picture C.big D.sister4.A.hot B.pick C.pig D.bill三、根據(jù)發(fā)音規(guī)則，找出每組中不發(fā)[e]的單詞。1.A.cat B.well C.leg D.pen2.A.sweater B.map C.pet D.elephant3.A.egg B.ten C.tall D.desk4.A.bread B.head C.bed D.toy四、找出下列沒(méi)有相同發(fā)音的詞。1.A.he B.feet C.bread D.green2.A.pig B.is C.dog D.ship3.A.thirty B.bird C.her D.food4.A.she B.big C.in D.money5.A.sweets B.fish C.teacher D.we6.A.tiger B.first C.work D.shirt7.A.tree B.bean C.clean D.chin8.A.happy B.sea C.sit D.picture雙元音13)[e?]發(fā)音字母:aayaieyeaa:namecakelategateplaneAprilay:playsaymaywaydayawayai:rainpainteighteighteeneightyey:theygreyea:greatbreak14)[??]發(fā)音字母:oowoao:homecoldgonophonehostghostow:knowyellowbelowthrowblowshowrowoa:boatcoatgoat15)[a?]發(fā)音字母:iyighi:bikefinefindhininefivericewritelikey:mytryflybyigh:lightnighthigh16)[a?]發(fā)音字母:ouowou:houseoutaboutgroundcountsoundblousearoundmouseow:flowerdownnowcowhowtownbrown17)[??]發(fā)音字母:oyoioy:boytoyoi:toiletoilnoise18)[??]發(fā)音字母:eerearereeer:beerdeerear:earneardearere:here19)[??]([e?])發(fā)音字母:earairereeirear:pearbearair:chairairere:therewhereeir:theirtheirs20)[??]發(fā)音字母:ureure:sure【雙元音練習(xí)】一、選出劃線(xiàn)字母正確讀音（）1、toyA./??/B./e?/C./a?/（）2、hereA./?/B./??/C./??/（）3、stairA./e?/B./?/C./e?/（）4、ourA./?/B./??/C./a?/（）5、rideA./?/B./a?/C./α:/（）6、horseA./α?/B./ai/C./?:/（）7、coldA./?/B./??/C./?/二、寫(xiě)出下列單詞中元音字母或元音字母組的含相同元音音標(biāo)例1.trainsnake/e?/2.playgamecake_______3.flybikeride_______4.smalltallhorse_______5.rabbithavebag_______6.boytoyenjoy______7.cowtownhow______8.homegono______9.hereearnear______10.pearstairair_____三、找出劃線(xiàn)部分發(fā)音不同的選項(xiàng),并寫(xiě)出音標(biāo)eg.（C）/?/1、A.coldB.oldC.sorry（）_______2、A.playB.gameC.taxi（）_______3、A.townB.toyC.our（）_______4、A.thisB.rideC.white（）_______5、A.smallB.appleC.walk（）_______6、A.hereB.girlC.skirt（）_______7、A.haveB.bananaC.taxi（）_______8、A.nearB.pearC.stair二、輔音[p]:peapeachpigpinkpurplemap[t]:twotootoboattentwelve[k](k、c、ck):ecapcatbikecakeblackduck[f]:fishfrogfootfacefarm[θ]:threemouth[s]:snakesingface[?]:shipsheepshopshe[h]:henhousehorsehandhair[ts]:skirtsstudentsshirts[t∫]:ChineseChinapeachbeachchicken[tr]:treetraintrousers[b]:beebigbyeblackbedbearbookbanana[d]:beddaddoneedduckhead[g]:bagpigdogegggirl[v]:vestveryliveleave[e]:with[z]:zoozebra[?]:measurepleasure[d?]:orangejuice[dz]:wordshandsheadsfriends[dr]:drinkdressdrive[r]:rabbitredrice[m]:monkeymilksomeegame[n]:nosesonsunrunchickenpen[?]:kingsingEnglish[j]:yesyellowyou[w]:waterwatermelonwhite[l]:lionlemonblueleglamp【輔音練習(xí)】找出每組單詞中劃線(xiàn)部分發(fā)音不同的詞。（）1.A.yesB.yellowC.youD.my（）2.A.girlB.goodC.orangeD.dog（）3.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when（）4.A.cupB.cityC.classD.cat（）5.A.thisB.thatC.threeD.those（）6.A.thankB.nineC.nameD.nice（）7.A.schoolB.chairC.cheapD.watch（）8.A.uncleB.thinkC.EnglishD.thin（）9.A.flyB.babyC.buyD.why（）10.A.sixB.sitC.sunD.is二、寫(xiě)出劃線(xiàn)部分的字母。1..[θ??k]______2.[e?uz]______3.[bedz]______4.[sits]______5.[tri:]_______6.[t∫ε?]______7.['orindз]_______8.[ka:]_______三、寫(xiě)出劃線(xiàn)部分的音標(biāo)。1.cheap2.she3.these4.age5.bag[][][][][]class7.you8.why[][][]四、找出相互對(duì)應(yīng)的單詞和音標(biāo)。()1.onA.[∫i:]()6.GameF.[m?p]()2.deskB.[?n]()7.butG.[geim]()3.sheC.[desk]()8.bikeH.[b?t]()4.hugeD.[tri:]()9.thoseI.[baik]()5.treeE.[hju:dз]()10.mapJ.[e?uz]出門(mén)測(cè)從下列四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出所給單詞的正確讀音。( )1.set A、[set] B、[sit] C、[s?t] D、[s?t]( )2.court A、[kut] B、[k?ut] C、[k?:t] D、[sit]( )3.better A、[?betз:] B、[?b?t?] C、[be?ta:] D、[?bet?]( )4.duck A、[dΛk] B、[d?k] C、[duk] D、[du:k]( )5.tank A、[s??k] B、[ti?k] C、[te?k] D、[t??k]( )6.mouse A、[maus] B、[m?us] C、[mus] D、[mΛs]( )7.cry A、[srai] B、[krai] C、[kri] D、[krei]( )8.where A、[wi?] B、[wi:] C、[he?] D、[we?]( )9.deep A、[di:p] B、[dip] C、[dep] D、[d?p]( )10.echo A、[??k?u] B、[?ek?] C、[?ek?u] D、[??k?u]找出下列劃線(xiàn)部分發(fā)音不同的單詞( )1.A.cake B.take C.nap D.wave( eaed B.eat C.tea D.seat( ever B.leg C.red D.he( ood B.too C.book D.neighborhood( ather B.crab C.shark D.car( oda B.hot C.box D.not( ike B.five C.my D.his( )8.A.order B.doctor C.boring D.corner( )at B.water C.walk D.talk( o B.no C.to D.nose( ay B.play C.they D.Sunday( ot B.not C.to D.follow( )13.A.each B.idea C.theatre D.dear( ower B.follow C.how D.brown( ide B.hi C.toilet D.bike( ou B.house C.blouse D.trousers( udy B.puzzle C.bus D.busy( ind B.diningroomC.behindD.pumpkin( eet B.coffee C.meet D.see( is B.find C.white D.kite根據(jù)音標(biāo)，選擇正確的單詞。applefeetbearkeepheadwhitedeskelephantlampmouse/be?//wait//??pl//ki:p//hed//?elif?nt//maus//fi:t//desk//l?mp/