高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-3-The-Million-Pound-Bank-No

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote1/49關(guān)鍵單詞birthplacenovelnovelist1．__________n．出生地；故鄉(xiāng)2．_________n．小說；長篇故事adj.新奇；異?！鷂_________n．小說家adventureadventurer3．___________n．奇遇；冒險(xiǎn)→___________n．冒險(xiǎn)家→___________adj.喜歡冒險(xiǎn)adventurousscene4．________n．(戲劇)一場；現(xiàn)場；場面；景色5．________vi.漫游；漫步；漂泊6．____________n．人行道wanderpavement2/497．________vt.&vi.許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許n．通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照→___________n．許可；準(zhǔn)許 8．________vi.凝視；盯著看permitpermission9．________vt.發(fā)覺；認(rèn)出n．斑點(diǎn)；污點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn)10．________n．船費(fèi)(包含食宿)；通道；(一)段11．________vi.&vt.認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有n．說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目→__________n．會(huì)計(jì)passageaccount12．________vt.&vi.(sought,sought)尋找；探索；尋求13．_________n．耐性；忍耐→________adj.有耐心n．病人accountantseekpatiencepatientstarespot3/4914．________n．反面；對立面adj.相反；相違15．________n．信封contraryenvelope16．____________adj.難以置信→___________adj.可信任→________vt.相信；信任unbelievablebelievable17．________n．?dāng)?shù)量believeamount18．________adj.粗魯；無禮→___________n．粗魯19．________n．禮貌；舉止；方式20．________adj.真；真誠manner

rudeness21．________adv.真正地；確實(shí)；實(shí)在22．________vi.&n．鞠躬；彎腰indeedbowrudegenuine4/49?？级陶Zbringgoaccidentstare1．________up撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出2．________ahead前進(jìn)；(用于祈使句)能夠；往下說3．by________偶然；無意中；不小心account4．________at盯著看；凝視contrarytake5．________for是……原因；解釋6．onthe________與此相反；正相反7．________a________冒險(xiǎn)8．in________衣衫襤褸chanceragsas9．________for關(guān)于；至于5/49whenIwasspotted

經(jīng)典佳句

1．ThenextmorningI'djustaboutgivenmyselfupforlost________________________________byaship.第二天早上，我正感到絕望時(shí)候，一艘船發(fā)覺了我。 2．You________________________________twoo'clock.到兩點(diǎn)鐘你才能打開它。can'topenituntil

3．Youmustcome________________________andhavewhateveryoulike.您只要想來隨時(shí)歡迎，您想吃什么盡管吃。wheneveryouwant6/49課文回顧wasrescuedLostwaswandering

ThetalewassetinLondonin1903.Henry,anAmerican,1._____________(rescue)intheseabyaccident.2.________(lose)inLondonandhavingnomoney,he3._____________(wander)inLondonstreets,4.________(hunger)．Hewasspottedbytworichbrothersandinvitedtostepintoahouse.Henrywasgivenanenvelope5.________moneyinitandaskednottoopenituntiltwop.m.Withtheenvelopeinhand,Henryenteredarestaurant.He6.________(order)somefood.After7.________(eat),Henryopenedtheletterandfound8.________wasamillionpoundbankhungrywithorderedeatingit7/49note.Theownerandthewaiter9._______________(shock)．Theycouldn'tbelieveHenry10.________wasinragscouldbesorich.TheownerthankedHenryforhiscomingtohislittleeatingplaceandevenaskedHenrytoforgetthemealbill.wereshockedwho8/49

單句語法填空 1．(年天津卷·單項(xiàng)填空)Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment，allowingmore________(patient)tobetreated.patientsbelieveholding

2．(年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷·閱讀了解B)Two-thirds________(believable)morefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama'sfamily. 3．Ontheway,wespottedaman________(hold)apieceofpapersaying,“Lostmyjob.Familytofeed.”9/49tocookwithaton

4．Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoven(微波爐)toheatfood,studentsarenotpermitted__________(cook)intheirrooms. 5．However,lifecanbegreatwhenyouarenotbusyfindingfault________it. 6．Stare________himuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown. 7．Heisnotselfish;________thecontrary，heisverynobleandgenerous.10/498．Helikessummer,but________forme,Ilikewintermuchbetter.asbehindin

9．Thoughheisanordinarymanworking________thescenes,hedoesextraordinarythings. 10．Walkinginthestreet,Ioftenseebeggars________rags.11/491．scenen．(戲劇)一場；現(xiàn)場；場面；景色；事發(fā)地點(diǎn)onthescene在現(xiàn)場；當(dāng)場；在臺(tái)上behindthescenes在幕后；暗中【名師指津】scene后可接定語從句，且關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做狀語時(shí)，普通用關(guān)系副詞where或inwhich來引導(dǎo)。12/49利用單句語法填空

(1)BythetimeIhadcome________thescene,itwasallover. (2)Onreceivingthecall,thepolicerushedtothescene,_________________atrafficaccidenthappened.onwhere/inwhich13/492．permitvt.&vi.許可；允許；準(zhǔn)許n．通行證；許可證；執(zhí)照

permitdoingsth.允許做某事 permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事 adriving/fishingpermit駕照/釣魚許可證 permissionn．允許；許可；同意 with/withoutone'spermission取得某人同意/未經(jīng)某人許可 askforpermission請求許可14/49

【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】

與permit結(jié)構(gòu)類似動(dòng)詞有：allow,forbid,advise,encourage，它們都是既能夠接動(dòng)名詞做賓語，又可接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語補(bǔ)足語。permittingarepermitted利用用permit適當(dāng)形式填空(1)We'llhaveapicnicinthewoods,weather____________.(2)Passengers_________________tocarryonlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.permission

(3)Withyour________________，Iwillcarryouttheprojectassoonaspossible.15/493．spotvt.發(fā)覺；認(rèn)出n．斑點(diǎn)；污點(diǎn)；地點(diǎn)spotsb.doingsth.發(fā)覺某人正在做某事bespottedwith點(diǎn)綴onthespot＝onthescene在現(xiàn)場；當(dāng)場【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】spotlessadj.極清潔；非常潔凈spottedadj.有斑點(diǎn)spottern．探子；星探；偵探員16/49on利用

單句語法填空

(1)Morethantenpolicementurnedupatthespot________theaccidenthappened. (2)Infact，they'rehard________(spot),thoughtheyusuallyflyoffwhentheyhearhumansapproaching. (3)Luckilytherewasadoctor________thespot.wheretospot17/494．a(chǎn)ccountvi.&vt.認(rèn)為；說明；總計(jì)有n．說明；理由；計(jì)算；賬目

accountfor是……原因；做出解釋、說明；(在數(shù)量方面)占；對……負(fù)有責(zé)任 onaccountof因?yàn)?；因?yàn)?takeoaccount＝takeoconsideration考慮；注意；顧及；體諒；把某事考慮進(jìn)去 onnoaccount＝innocase絕不要；不論怎樣不要

【寫作佳句】

Thereisnoaccountingfortaste.人各有興趣。18/49for利用

用適當(dāng)介詞填空

(1)Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestion________account. (2)Trainsweredelayed________accountofthebadweather. (3)Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccounts________55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.intoon19/491．bringup撫養(yǎng)；培養(yǎng)；教育；提出；嘔吐bringsb.uptobe/as...培養(yǎng)某人成為……bringsb.uptodosth.培養(yǎng)某人做某事bringabout產(chǎn)生；引發(fā)；帶來bringback(使)償還；帶回來bringdown(使)降下；降落；降低(價(jià)格)bringin把……拿進(jìn)來；賺得；引進(jìn)20/49【一詞多義】(1)Hebroughtupapracticalplaninthemeeting，whichbroughtdownthecostofproduction.提出(2)Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbroughtuptovaluethesenseofsharing.教育(3)Hewasdrunkandbroughtupwhathehadeatenatmidnight.嘔吐(4)Herparentsdiedwhenshewasababyandshewasbroughtupbyheraunt.撫養(yǎng)21/49about利用

用適當(dāng)介詞填空

(1)Inmyday,childrenwerebrought________bythelaw. (2)Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobring________thepriceofhouses. (3)Sciencehasbrought________manychangesinourlife.updown22/492．byaccident(＝bychance)偶然；無意中；不小心bynoaccident絕非偶然withoutaccident平安無事地【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】(1)表示“偶然；恰巧；無意地”：byaccident;bychance。(2)表示“有意地”：bydesign;onpurpose;deliberately；intentionally。23/49without利用完成句子，每空一詞(1)我們都認(rèn)為化石發(fā)覺純屬意外。Weallsupposethatfossilsarefound____________________.(2)我們平安無事地回來了。Wegotback_______________________.(3)探戈在世界各地有這么多興趣者是絕非偶然。Itis________________________thattangohassomanyloversallaroundtheworld.bynoaccidentbyaccident/chanceaccident24/493．onthecontrary與此相反；正相反tothecontrary意思相反/地；完全不一樣/地becontraryto與……相反利用用適當(dāng)介詞填空(1)—Ihearyou'vechangedyourjob.—________thecontrary，I'mstillinthesamecompany.(2)Contrary________thedoctor'sadvice，hewentswimming.Onto25/494．takeachance(＝takethechance＝takechances)冒險(xiǎn)

have/getachanceofdoingsth./todosth./that-clause有希望/機(jī)會(huì)做某事 givesb.achance給某人一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì) achanceofalifetime千載難逢機(jī)會(huì) missachance錯(cuò)過一次機(jī)會(huì) lose/seizethechance失去/抓住機(jī)會(huì) bychance偶然；意外地 letgoagoodchance錯(cuò)過一次好機(jī)會(huì) Thechanceisthat.../Thechancesarethat...有可能…… Thereisachancethat...可能……26/49【寫作佳句】ofgoing/togo

Wetookachanceontheweatherandplannedtohavethepartyoutside.我們懷著天氣可能會(huì)好心理，計(jì)劃在戶外舉行晚會(huì)。利用單句語法填空(1)Youwon'thaveanotherchance_____________(go)there.(2)Youshouldnevertake_________________(chance)whendrivingacar.achance/chances(3)Thetwooldfriendsmet________chanceontheplanefromLondontoParis.by

(4)Theplayerisundergoodtreatmentandthechancesare________hewillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimeofthenextgame.that27/49原句1Youmustcomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike.您只要想來隨時(shí)歡迎，您想吃什么盡管吃。 該句中wheneveryouwant是由whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；whateveryoulike是由whatever引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

注意：“疑問詞＋-ever”既可用于引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；而“nomatter＋疑問詞”只可用于引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。28/49利用完成句子，每空一詞yourproblems

(1)不論你什么時(shí)候有問題，都能夠來找我?guī)兔Α?____________/___________________________youhaveproblems,youmayturntomeforhelp.(2)我想到什么就說什么。whatevercomesintoI'lljustsay___________________________mymind.(3)不論困難有多大，我們都必須及時(shí)完成任務(wù)。___________________thedifficultiesare，wemustcompletethetaskintime.HowevergreatWhatever(4)不論你面臨是什么問題，都不要失去信心。__________________________are,youmustn'tloseheart.WheneverNomatterwhen29/49原句2Well,towardsnightfallIfoundmyselfcarriedouttoseabyastrongwind.嗯，黃昏時(shí)分，我發(fā)覺自己被一陣大風(fēng)刮到了海上。 此句中“findsb./sth.＋過去分詞”，表示“發(fā)覺某人/某物被……”，過去分詞在句中做賓語補(bǔ)足語。 find后可接動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行；也可接形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等做賓語補(bǔ)足語。 findoneself＋賓語補(bǔ)足語，意為“發(fā)覺自己……”。 findoneself＋介詞短語，意為“發(fā)覺自己處于……”。 findoneselfdoingsth.意為“發(fā)覺自己在做某事”，表示吃驚或不相信等情感。30/49ourselveslyingsurrounded利用單句語法填空

(1)Afterwanderingaround,wefound___________backatthehotel. (2)Whenhecametolife,hefoundhimself_________(lie)inhospital. (3)ThenIfoundmyself_____________(surround)byadozenboys.31/49

利用所學(xué)語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，補(bǔ)充完整下面短文，并背誦下來 WhenIwastwelveyearsold,Ifoundaninterestingplay1.________(write)byMarkTwain2.________accident.Thewritertoldusanunbelievablestory.I3.________(do)likeitverymuchanditwasthisstorythatmademeinterestedinMarkTwain'sworks.Inthestory,tworichEnglishbrothersmadeabet4.________pennilessHenry,whowasinrags,5.________(give)himamillionpoundbanknote.Withthebanknote,hemetmanywrittenbydidongiving32/49adventures.Becauseofhispoor6.___________(appear),Henryreceivedbad7.________(service)inmanyplaces.Butaftertheysawthebanknote,8.________(that)wholookeddownuponhimallchangedtheirattitudes.Evenoneoftherichbrothers'daughterfellinlovewithhim.Thestory9.___________(happen)toHenryaccountedvividly10.________themoneysocietythosedays.servicesthosehappeningforappearance33/49閱讀了解(九)閱讀了解四大題型之詞義猜測題(1)：

猜詞義是英語應(yīng)用主要能力，也是高考閱讀了解中必考題型。它不但需要準(zhǔn)確無誤地了解上下文，而且要有較大閱讀量，掌握或認(rèn)識(shí)較多課外詞匯?？忌鷳?yīng)學(xué)會(huì)經(jīng)過構(gòu)詞、定義、同位、對比、因果、常識(shí)、同義、反義及上下文線索等確定詞義。這類題型在高考中有逐步增加趨勢，尤其是猜測詞組、句意題。因?yàn)椴聹y詞組、句意題包括題材背景、句子結(jié)34/49構(gòu)、文章主旨、作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度等。近幾年命題者著重考查考生利用同義或反義關(guān)系、構(gòu)詞法、語法和語篇文脈等了解生詞能力，要求考生依據(jù)閱讀材料所提供信息，結(jié)合中學(xué)生應(yīng)有常識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，正確判斷生詞詞組含義或熟詞在特定語境中表示詳細(xì)含義以及一些句子意思。要求猜測詞義詞一般為實(shí)詞及其詞組，可經(jīng)過構(gòu)詞、定義、對比、因果、聯(lián)想、上下文等線索確定詞義詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。同時(shí)，代詞復(fù)指了解題也是猜測詞義常考類型。用“邏輯關(guān)系梳理法”“遞向?qū)ほ櫡ā崩砬迦宋锛笆挛镏g邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。常見提問方式有：35/49

Thephrase“...”inthesentencecouldbereplacedby________. Theword“...”intheparagraphrefersto________.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthe...paragraph? Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean? Whichofthefollowingistheclosestmeaningtothephrase“...”？ Theword“...”mostnearlymeans________. Theunderlinedsentencemaytellusthat________. Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemean?36/491．詞義猜測題(1)依據(jù)定義或上下文解釋進(jìn)行猜測

有時(shí)短文中出現(xiàn)一個(gè)需要猜測其意義詞或短語，下面接著出現(xiàn)其定義或解釋，這就是判斷該詞或短語意義主要依據(jù)。經(jīng)過上下文詳細(xì)信息猜測詞義是當(dāng)前高考閱讀了解題中最常見一個(gè)命題形式。考生能夠依據(jù)上下文中描述，即作者為幫助讀者更深、更感性地了解某人或某物而對該人或該物作出外在相貌或內(nèi)在特征描寫，從而來確定詞語含義。(2)依據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

閱讀中出現(xiàn)難詞有時(shí)后面緊跟一個(gè)同位語，對前面詞進(jìn)行解釋，這時(shí)可利用同位關(guān)系對前面詞義進(jìn)行猜測。37/49(3)依據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(合成、派生、轉(zhuǎn)化等)進(jìn)行猜測

在英語中，有很多詞能夠在前面加前綴，在后面加后綴，從而組成一個(gè)詞，乍看起來，這個(gè)詞可能是新詞，但掌握了一定構(gòu)詞知識(shí)，就不難猜出它詞義。如前綴un-表示反義詞；后綴-ment表示名詞；后綴-er,-or,-ist表示同源名詞等。(4)依據(jù)因果關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

在一篇閱讀文章中，依據(jù)原因能夠預(yù)測結(jié)果，依據(jù)結(jié)果也能夠找出原因。經(jīng)過因果關(guān)系猜詞，首先要找出生詞與上下文之間邏輯關(guān)系，然后才能猜詞。有時(shí)文章借助關(guān)聯(lián)詞(如because,as,since,for,so,thus,asaresult,therefore等)表示前因后果。38/49(5)依據(jù)同義關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

當(dāng)詞或短語之間有并列連詞and或or時(shí)，其連接兩項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在含義上是靠近或遞進(jìn)，由此可確定同等關(guān)系中某個(gè)生詞所屬義域，從而推知其大致意思。(6)依據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測

經(jīng)過反義詞猜詞，一是看表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系連詞或副詞，如but,while,however等；二是依據(jù)上下句連接詞，如but,however,otherwise等，就能夠看到前后句在意義上差異，從而依據(jù)某一句含義，來確定另一句含義。也能夠依據(jù)與not搭配或表示否定意義詞語。另外，分號(hào)也能夠表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ纫饬x。39/49(7)利用例證猜詞

為了說明或證實(shí)，文章中經(jīng)常會(huì)舉例，往往用來列舉說明前面較難了解詞，這些例子可幫助我們猜測生詞。舉例時(shí)，常常會(huì)用一些連接性詞，如suchas,like,forexample,forinstance等。(8)利用詞義搭配關(guān)聯(lián)猜詞任何一個(gè)單詞在句子中總是與其它詞是相關(guān)聯(lián)，我們可以經(jīng)過這些前后關(guān)聯(lián)來猜測生詞詞義。40/49【例】(年新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill(蒸餾器)isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU．S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it'sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit'sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5’×5’sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.41/49

Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher'sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole. Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet'scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone(圓錐體)with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.42/49

Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates(蒸發(fā))andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon'thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink. 33．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inParagraph2referto?A．Thetube.C．Thehole.B．Thestill.D．Thecup.43/49解析：B詞義猜測題。依據(jù)語境，尤其是第二段第一句“Toconstructaworkingstill，useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.”可知，畫線部分thewatercatcher指前句中aworkingstill。44/49“Howarethingsbackattheoffice？”oneofthegentlemeninmybicycletourgroupaskedmeaswewerenearingtheendofanotherlongridethroughCroatia'ssceniccountryside.“Iassumetheyaregoingfine，”Isaid.“Ihaven'thadanycontactandIdon'tplanto.”

“Yourcellphoneisn'ton？”heasked,incredulously(不相信地)．“Youhaven'tcheckedyoure-mail？”“Myphoneisoffandno;I'mnotplanningoncheckinge-mail，”Isaid.45/49

MywifeHeidiandItookourchildren,DanielandRachel,onatwo-weektriptoCroatia,oneofthemostbeautifulcountriesintheworld.Wemadethedecisiontospendsomeofourmoney