譯林版高中英語選擇性必修第四冊單元綜合檢測2含答案

單元綜合檢測(二)第一部分閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABestDiabetes(糖尿病)DietsU．S.Newshasrankedfourleadingdietsbasedoninputfromapanelofhealthexperts.Browseourdietprofilesbynarrowingdownyourresultsuntilyoufindtheonesthatarerightforyou.TheFlexitarianDiet1stinBestDiabetesDietsTheFlexitarianDiet，whichemphasizesfruits，veggies，wholegrainsandplant-basedprotein，isasmartandhealthychoice.Onepanelistnotedthatthisdietis“aniceapproachthatcouldworkforthewholefamily.”READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.1/5WEIGHTLOSS3.6/5HEALTHY4.7/5MediterraneanDiet1stinBestDiabetesDietsWithitsemphasisonfruits，vegetables，oliveoil，fishandotherhealthyfare，theMediterraneandietisextremelysensible.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.2/5WEIGHTLOSS3/5HEALTHY4.8/5DASHDiet3rdinBestDiabetesDietsDASHfightshighbloodpressureandwaspraisedforitsnutritionalcompleteness，safety，abilitytopreventorcontroldiabetes，androleinsupportinghearthealth.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE4.1/5WEIGHTLOSS3.2/5HEALTHY4.8/5MayoClinicDiet3rdinBestDiabetesDietsTheMayoClinicDietaimstomakehealthyeatingalifelonghabit，andearnedpraiseforitsnutritionandsafety.READMORE→OVERALLSCORE3.8/5WEIGHTLOSS3．3/5HEALTHY4.4/5【語篇解讀】本文介紹了四種最適合糖尿病病人的健康飲食以及它們的排名。1．Ifyougotdiabetesandwantedtoloseweight，whichfoodwouldmeetyourneeds?A．MayoClinicDiet B．DASHDietC．MediterraneanDiet D．TheFlexitarianDietD[細節(jié)理解題。比較四種適合糖尿病病人飲食中的WEIGHTLOSS(減肥)部分的得分可知，TheFlexitarianDiet得分3.6/5，最高，所以得了糖尿病，想減肥，最能滿足需要的是TheFlexitarianDiet。故選D項。]2．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anovel B．AmagazineC．Awebsite D．AnewspaperC[文章出處題。根據(jù)每個飲食介紹下READMORE→(閱讀更多→)可以推測，這段文字可能來自網(wǎng)站。故選C項。]3．Whatcanbementionedbytheauthorinthistext?A．DASHDietcanbenefityourhearthealth.B．Alldiabeticdietscanfighthighbloodpressure.C．Allthediabeticdietsemphasizetheircompletenutrition.D．TheMayoClinicDiethasdevelopedalifelonghealthyeatinghabit.A[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三方框DASHDiet中“DASHfightshighbloodpressureandwaspraisedforitsnutritionalcompleteness，safety，abilitytopreventorcontroldiabetes，androleinsupportinghearthealth.”可知，DASH飲食有益于心臟健康。故選A項。]BForseveralmonths，CarahasbeenworkingupthecouragetoapproachhermomaboutwhatshesawonInstagram.Notlongago，the11-year-oldgirl，likealltheotherkidsinthisstory，discoveredthathermomhadbeenpostingherphotosformuchofherlife.“I'vewantedtobringitup.It'sstrangetoseemyselfupthere，andsometimestherearepicturesIdon'tlikeofmyself，”shesaid.Likemostothermodernkids，Caragrewupimmersed(沉迷……之中)insocialmedia.Whilemanykidsmaynotyethaveaccountsthemselves，theirparents，schools，sportsteams，andorganizationshavebeenorganizinganonlinepresenceforthemsincebirth.Theshockofrealizingthatdetailsaboutyourlifehavebeensharedonlinewithoutyourpermissionorknowledgehasbecomeanimportantexperienceinthelivesofmanyteenagers.Recentlyaparentingblogger(博主)wroteinaWashingtonPostessay(散文)thatdespite(不顧)her14-year-olddaughter'shorroratdiscoveringthathermotherhadsharedyearsofhighlypersonalstoriesandinformationaboutheronline，shesimplycouldnotstoppostingonherblogandsocialmedia.ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself，whichisn'tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.Butit'snotjustcrazymommybloggerswhoconstructachild'sonlineidentity；plentyofaverageparentsdothesame.There'sevenaspecialwordforit:sharenting.AlmostaquarterofchildrenbegintheirdigitalliveswhenparentsuploadtheirphotostotheInternet，accordingtoastudyconductedbytheInternet-securityfirmAVG.Thestudyalsofoundthat92percentofkidsundertheageof2alreadyhavetheirownuniquedigitalidentity.【語篇解讀】本文講述了一些父母熱衷于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子們并不喜歡這樣，這讓孩子們感到很煩惱。4．HowdoesCarafeelabouthermom'sbehavior?A．It'saggressive. B．It'sappropriate.C．It'sannoying. D．It'sfavorable.C[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘It'sstrangetoseemyselfupthere，andsometimestherearepicturesIdon'tlikeofmyself，’shesaid.”可知，Cara不喜歡媽媽將自己的照片展示(分享)出來的這種行為。故選C。]5．Whydidtheparentingbloggerpostaboutherdaughteronline?A．Becauseitfilledupherblog.B．Becauseitshowedoffhersuccess.C．Becauseitrecordedherstories.D．Becauseitmeantalottoher.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThewritersaidthatpromisingherdaughterthatshewouldstoppostingherpubliclyontheInternetwouldmeanshuttingdownavitalpartofherself，whichisn'tnecessarilygoodforherselforherdaughter.”可推知，在網(wǎng)上分享孩子的照片是這位博主生活的重要部分，這對她來說很重要。故選D。]6．Whoarefondofsharenting?A．Aquarterofstudents.B．Mostordinaryparents.C．Kidsundertheageof2.D．Somecrazybloggers.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“plentyofaverageparentsdothesame”可知，很多普通的父母都喜歡在網(wǎng)上曬自己孩子的照片。故選B。]7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Children'sNewTroubleB．SocialMediaC．Kids'OnlinePerformanceD．MommyBloggersA[標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文講述了一些父母熱衷于在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上發(fā)布自己孩子的照片以及文章，而孩子們并不喜歡這樣，這讓他們感到煩惱，故選A。]CHowmanydifferentemotions(情感)doyouthinkyoucancommunicatetopeoplewithyourface?Doyouhavethesamefacialexpressionsaspeoplefromdifferentcultures?Readthistofindoutwhatscientistshavejustdiscoveredaboutthistopic.Newresearchsuggeststhatthereareonlyfourbasicfacialexpressionsofemotion.However，howtheseexpressionsareinterpreted(理解)mightdependonwhereyouarefrom.ResearchbyscientistsfromtheUniversityofGlasgowhaschallengedthetraditionalviewofhowthefaceexpressesemotions.Untilnow，itwaswidelybelievedthatsixbasicemotions—happiness，sadness，fear，anger，surpriseanddisgust(厭惡)—wereexpressedandrecognizedacrossdifferentcultures.However，theUniversityofGlasgow'sworknowsuggeststhatthehumanfaceonlyhasfourbasicexpressionsofemotion.Thisisbecausesomepairsofemotionsareimpossibletodistinguish(區(qū)分).Fearandsurprise，forexample，bothsharewideopeneyes.Thefacialexpressionsforangeranddisgustalsolookthesame.Soifourfacesareonlyabletoexpressfourbasicemotions，howdowecommunicateamuchmorecomplex(復雜的)varietyoffeelings?Thestudyfoundthatthewayexpressionsareinterpretedisdifferentindifferentcultures.LookingathowpeoplefromtheEastandWestlookatdifferentpartsofthefaceduringfacialexpressionrecognition，scientistsfoundthatalthoughtherearesomecommonfeaturesacrosscultures，thesixbasicfacialexpressionsofemotionarenotrecognizeduniversally.Whatinterestspeopleaboutthecross-culturalaspectoftheresearch?“Thisworkleadstounderstandingwhichemotionsweshareandappreciatingourdifferences.”【語篇解讀】新的研究表明，人類只有四種基本的面部表情，而不是六種。8．WhatdidtheUniversityofGlasgowfind?A．Facialexpressionsexpressemotions.B．Sixbasicemotionscanberecognized.C．Somebasicfacialexpressionsareunusual.D．Someofthesixfacialexpressionsaresimilar.D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thisisbecausesomepairsofemotionsareimpossibletodistinguish.”可知，六種基本表情里面有一些是類似的。]9．Whichgroupmaybethefourbasicfacialemotions?A．Sadness，fear，angerandsurprise.B．Anger，sadness，fearandhappiness.C．Happiness，surprise，sadnessandfear.D．Disgust，happiness，angerandsadness.B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句話，再對比之前提到的六種表情，可推斷出新的研究提出的四種基本表情。]10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Basicfacialexpressionsarenotuniversal.B．Peoplefindithardtocommunicatemorefeelings.C．PeoplefromtheWesthavemorefacialexpressions.D．Wecan'texpressmorefeelingswithfourexpressions.A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...thesixbasicfacialexpressionsofemotionarenotrecognizeduniversally”可知，基本的面部表情并不是通用的，文化不同，所表達的意思也不同。]11．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．WhatDoesYourFaceSay?B．HowDoWeCommunicate?C．WhatAretheSixBasicEmotions?D．DoWeHavetheSameFacialExpressions?A[標題歸納題。文章主要講的是人的面部表情能夠表達多少種情感。]DCreatinganewgeneinasingledaycouldsoonbepossible.Thetechnologycouldonedayletresearchersspeedilyrewritegenes，enablingthemtomakenewmedicinesandfuelsonthefly.ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNAsincethe1970s.ThetraditionalapproachtakesDNAnucleotides(核苷酸)andaddsthem，onebyone，toagrowingchaincalledanoligo(寡核苷酸).Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror-prone，limitingoligostoabout200letters—atinypartofthethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.Overthedecades，mostresearchershavesettledononeparticularpolymerase(聚合酶)，calledTdT，becauseunlikeothers，itcanattachnewnucleotidestoanoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNAtemplatestrand.ScientistshavetriedforyearstomakeTdTaddonenucleotideatatimeandstop，beforerepeatingtheprocesswithadifferentnucleotide.ButTdTdoesn'tworkwellwiththesemodifiednucleotides.“TdTisverypicky.”saysSebastianPalluk，aPh.D．student.Onesuchsystem，forexample，requiredaboutanhourtoaddeachmodifiedbase，fartooslowtobepractical.Ultimately，theapproachshouldbecheap，becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.It'salsofast.Mostnewnucleotidesattachtothegrowingoligoin10to20seconds.Fornow，thestepstilltakesaminute.Sosynthesizingawholegenewillstilllikelytakethebetterpartofaday.Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.Sofar，thegrouphasmadeoligosonly10baseslong.Andtherearestillafewwritingproblems，astheapproachwasonly98%accurateatwritingDNA，belowthe99%accuracyofthetraditionalapproach.Inordertowriteoligosupto1，000baseslong，theapproachwilllikelyneedtobe99.9%accurate.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了科學家們正在嘗試用一個最新的方法來改寫基因，如果成功，將可以在一天的時間里創(chuàng)造出一個新的基因，但目前該技術(shù)尚未成熟。12．WhatisthedrawbackofthetraditionalwayofmakingDNA?A．Itistooexpensive.B．Itistoohardtobecarriedout.C．Itincreasesoligostoabout200letters.D．Itistooslowandtheremaybemistakes.D[細節(jié)理解題。由第一段最后一句話“Buttheprocessistypicallyslowanderror-prone，limitingoligostoabout200letters—atinypartofthethousandsoflettersthatmakeupmostgenes.”可知，傳統(tǒng)重組基因方法的缺點是緩慢且容易出錯，故選D。]13．WhyhavemostresearcherssettledonTdT?A．Becauseitischeap.B．Becauseitiseasytoget.C．Becauseitisharmlesstopeople.D．Becauseitiseasytocontrol.B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句話“Overthedecades，mostresearchershavesettledononeparticularpolymerase，calledTdT，becauseunlikeothers，itcanattachnewnucleotidestoanoligostrandwithoutfollowingaDNAtemplatestrand.”第三段第一句話“Ultimately，theapproachshouldbecheap，becauseTdTiseasytomanufactureinbacteria.”可知，研究人員專注于TdT的原因是因為TdT在細菌中很容易得到。故選B。]14．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．ResearchershavebeenabletomakeDNArecently.B．Thenewapproachisquitereadywithoutanyproblem.C．Thereisstillsomeworktodobeforethenewapproachispractical.D．Towriteoligos1，000baseslong，theapproachneedstobe99%accurate.C[推理判斷題。由文章最后一段的首句“Thenewapproachisnotquiteready.(新方法還不完全成熟。)”及最后一句“Inordertowriteoligosupto1，000baseslong，theapproachwilllikelyneedtobe99.9%accurate.”可以推斷出這種基因重組的方法目前還不成熟，主要是精準度不夠，由此可以推斷出這種方法離真正應用到實際還需要進行很多的試驗與研究工作。故選C。]15．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Amagazine. B．Adiary.C．Anovel. D．Aguidebook.A[文章出處題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容可知，本文為一篇科技說明文，講述了科學家們正在嘗試用一個最新的方法來改寫基因，如果成功，將可以在一天的時間里創(chuàng)造出一個新的基因，由此可知本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在與科技相關(guān)的雜志上。故選A。]第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Theword“emoji”comesfromJapanese，literallymeaning“picturecharacter”．16Theycomeindifferentcategories，suchasfacesandpeople，plantsandanimals，andfoodanddrink.WhenfirstintroducedinJapanin1999，emojiswerelimitedto176simpledesigns.Nowtherearemorethan3，000emojis.Duetotheirpopularity，theOxfordDictionariesWordoftheYearin2015wasapictographeq\a\vs4\al()insteadofatraditionalword.Intoday'sworld，emojishavebecomemoreandmorepopular.17Peoplelikethembecausetheyaddemotionalmeanings，andarequickandeasytouse.Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan“see”yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.18Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.19AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare'spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.Somepeople，however，believethatthesenewversionshavetakenawaytheheartandsoulofShakespeare'splays.Aswecansee，emojishaveatendencytopopupallovertheplace.Usersofemojissaythattheyfacilitatethewaywecommunicateandexpressourselves.Butthismakesothers，especiallyeducators，worrythatwearelosingtheabilitytocommunicateproperlyusingthewrittenword，oreventhespokenword.Afterall，howmanyofustodaywouldrathersendamessagepackedwithemojisthanmakeatelephonecall？20Onthatday，emojiswillhavebecomearealpictorial“l(fā)anguage”．But，fornow，maybeit'sbestthatwejustenjoyusingthem.A．Maybeemojis'bestdaysareahead.B．Themostpopularemojisareabsoluteclassics.C．Theuseofemojishasevenspreadtoclassicalliterature.D．Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetocommunicateinpictures.E．Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantagesoverwrittenlanguage.F．Emojisaresmallsymbolsrepresentingideas，emotionsorfeelings.G．Emojiscanalsohelppeopleexpresstheirfeelingswhentheycan'tfindtheappropriatewords.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了單詞“emoji”(表情符號)的來源，它的含義以及使用范圍。隨著越來越多的人開始喜歡使用表情符號，有人認為它對交流有好處，但有人則認為表情符號會降低人們的語言技能。16．F[上文“Theword‘emoji’comesfromJapanese，literallymeaning‘picturecharacter’．”說明“emoji”的來源以及含義，與空處是遞進關(guān)系，表情符號是代表思想、情緒或感覺的小符號，進一步闡述了“emoji”的含義。故選F。]17．E[下文“Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan‘see’yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.”說明人們在書面語言上使用了表情符號，人們更容易讀到書寫人的面部表情，與空處為遞進關(guān)系，表明表情符號似乎比書面語言有明顯的優(yōu)勢。故選E。]18．G[上文“Withasmilingorsadfaceaddedtoamessageorpost，yourreadercan‘see’yourfacialexpressionwhilereadingyourwords.”說明表情符號相比書面語言有明顯的優(yōu)勢，下文“Forinstance，ifyourfriendismovingacrossthecountry，youmayjustsendthemastringofcryingfacestoexpressyoursadnessoveryourseparation.”說明，當人們找不到合適的詞語表達的時候，可以借助表情符號。G項承上啟下，說明表情符號還可以幫助人們表達情感。故選G。]19．C[下文“AShakespeareseriesforyoungreadershastakenWilliamShakespeare'spopularplaysandreplacedsomewordswithtextspeakandemojis.Theintentionoftheseadaptationsistomaketheclassicsmoreaccessibletoyoungreaders.”說明古典文學中使用了表情符號，C項中“classical”與下文一致，說明表情符號的使用甚至蔓延到了古典文學中，切合題意。故選C。]20．D[上文“Afterall，howmanyofustodaywouldrathersendamessagepackedwithemojisthanmakeatelephonecall？”說明人們現(xiàn)在習慣于發(fā)送充滿表情符號的信息，下文“Onthatday，emojiswillhavebecomearealpictorial‘language’．”說明表情符號未來將成為真正的圖形“語言”，D項中pictures是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文pictorial相呼應，說明也許有一天人們會選擇用圖片來交流。故選D。]第二部分語言運用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Aweakoldmanwenttolivewithhisson，daughter-in-law，andafour-yearoldgrandson.Theoldman'shands21andhiseyesightwaspoor.Thefamilyatetogetherattable，buttheelderlygrandfather'sshakyhandsmadeeatingrather22．Peasrolledoffhisspoonontothefloor.Whenhegraspedtheglass，often23spilled(潑灑)onthetablecloth.Thesonanddaughter-in-lawbecame24atthemess(臟亂).“Wemustdo25aboutgrandfather，”saidtheson.“I'vehadenoughofhisspilledmilkandfoodonthefloor.”Sothehusbandandwifesetasmalltableinthecorner.There，grandfatheratealonewhiletherestofthefamilyhadtheirdinneratthedinnertable26．Sincegrandfatherhadbrokenadishortwo，hisfoodwasservedina27bowl.Sometimeswhenthefamilyglancedingrandfather's28，hehadatearinhiseye.Still，thecouplealwaysblamedhimwhenhe29aspoonorspilledfood.Thefour-year-oldwatcheditallin30．Oneeveningbeforesupper，thefather31hissonplayingwithsmallwoodpieces.Heaskedthechildsweetly，“Whatareyoumaking？”Theboy32，“Oh，IammakingalittlebowlforyouandmamatoeatyourfoodfromwhenIgrowup.”Thewordsso33thecouplethattheywerespeechless.Thentearsstartedto34downtheircheeks.Thoughnowordwas35，bothknewwhatmustbedone.Thateveningthehusbandtookgrandfather'shandandledhimbacktothefamilydinnertablegently.Fromthenon，thegrandfatherateeverymealwiththefamily.【語篇解讀】本文講述的是一個關(guān)愛老人的故事。老人年紀大了，手腳開始變得不聽使喚，家人嫌棄手腳不便的老人，讓老人單獨吃飯，還經(jīng)常批評老人打破餐具。這些場景被四歲的孩子看到了，看到父母不善待爺爺?shù)男袨楹笠残Х滤麄?，為他們準備年老后使用的木碗，這一舉動深深地觸動了父母，他們痛改前非，開始善待老人。21．A．trembled B．coveredC．raised D．pushedA[由下文中的“shakyhands”可知，老人因年老體衰而雙手顫抖。故選A項。]22．A．interesting B．convenientC．a(chǎn)musing D．difficultD[本句提到老人雙手顫抖，后面兩句又描寫了就餐時的具體困難，由此可以推斷出老人因雙手顫抖而就餐困難。故選D項。]23．A．juice B．milkC．soup D．waterB[由第二段第三句“I'vehadenoughofhisspilledmilkandfoodonthefloor.”可知，老人由于雙手顫抖而潑灑杯中的牛奶。故選B項。]24．A．shocked B．disappointedC．a(chǎn)ngry D．surprisedC[由下文中這對夫婦的做法可以推斷出他們對父親潑灑牛奶、把食物掉到地上、把家里弄得臟亂的行為大為惱火。故選C項。]25．A．a(chǎn)nything B．everythingC．nothing D．somethingD[本句是一個肯定句，要表達的意思是要對父親(孩子的爺爺)采取一些措施，所以用something。故選D項。]26．A．seriously B．happilyC．sadly D．slowlyB[由前面的“thegrandfatheratealone”和“while”可知，這里老人獨自一個人就餐和一家其他三個人開心地就餐形成對比，所以用happily。故選B項。]27．A．plastic B．smallC．wooden D．cheapC[由下文“hissonplayingwithsmallwoodpieces”以及本句中提到老人偶爾會打碎一兩個盤子，第三段中提到他們的兒子給他們準備年老后使用的木碗可知，此處指木碗。故選C項。]28．A．way B．directionC．sight D．situationB[本句意為朝爺爺?shù)姆较蚩?，inone'sdirection是固定短語，意為“朝某人的方向”。故選B項。]29．A．dropped B．threwC．chose D．touchedA[由上文提到的老人偶爾會打碎一兩個盤子可知，此處指弄掉勺子。故選A項。]30．A．peace B．reliefC．danger D．silenceD[此處表示四歲的兒子只好默不作聲地看著，insilence是固定短語，意為“沉默地”，符合語境。故選D項。]31．A．noticed B．keptC．heard D．suggestedA[根據(jù)語境可知，父親看到兒子正在玩耍地上的木塊，noticesb.doingsth.是固定短語，意為“注意到某人做某事”。故選A項。]32．A．responded B．caughtC．hit D．pushedA[前面父親問“你在做什么？”，所以此處指小孩回答。故選A項。]33．A．a(chǎn)ttracted B．stuckC．struck D．a(chǎn)bsorbedC[由本句中的“speechless”和下文可知，兒子的話深深地觸動了這對夫婦。故選C項。]34．A．stream B．goC．fall D．floodA[根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示他們的淚水開始流下來了。故選A項。]35．A．taught B．toldC．spoken D．writtenC[根據(jù)語境可知，這里的word指“話”，搭配spoken構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，表示沒有話被說出來。故選C項。]第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。YueyangToweris36.ancientChinesetowerontheshoreofLakeDongting.ItisoneoftheThreeGreatTowersofJiangnan.YueyangTowerbecamefamousforMemorialtoYueyangTower(《岳陽樓記》)37.(write)byFanZhongyan，whowasanexcellentministerofthenorthernSongDynasty(960-1127)inChina.38．(lie)onthecitywallofthewestgateoftheancientcityinYueyangCity，HunanProvince，China，YueyangTowerfacesJunshanIslandandoverlooksDongtingLake，beingextremelybeautifuland39.(impress).Sinceancienttimes，it40.(enjoy)thegoodreputationthatDongtingLakeisthe41.(good)amonglakes，andYueyangTowerisincomparableamongtowers.YueyangTower'sroofcoveredwithyellowglazedtiles(黃色琉璃瓦)lookslikeageneral'shelmetinancientChina.Itistheonlyancient42.(build)withahelmetroofstructure(構(gòu)造)inChina.BeforetheTangDynasty(618-907)，YueyangTowerwasmainlyused43.themilitarypurpose.AftertheTangDynasty，it44.(gradual)becameafamousscenicspotin45.menofletterschantedpoetryandwrotefu.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了位于湖南省岳陽市的岳陽樓，自古有“洞庭天下水，岳陽天下樓”之美譽。36．a(chǎn)n[考查冠詞。句意：岳陽樓是一座古老的中國式塔樓。tower為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示泛稱，用不定冠詞，又因為前面的ancient為元音音素開頭的單詞，故用冠詞an。故填an。]37．written[考查非謂語動詞。句意：岳陽樓因范仲淹寫的《岳陽樓記》而出名。所填詞在此處作后置定語，修飾MemorialtoYueyangTower，且與之為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞written。故填written。]38．Lying[考查非謂語動詞。句意：岳陽樓坐落于古城岳陽西城門的城墻上。分析該句成分可知，所填詞與該句的邏輯主語YueyangTower構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用其動詞-ing形式Lying。故填Lying。]39．impressive[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：岳陽樓面向君山島，俯瞰洞庭湖，極其漂亮，給人留下深刻印象。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞與beautiful并列，作being的表語，故用所給詞的形容詞形式impressive。故填impressive。]40．hasenjoyed/hasbeenenjoying[考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：自從古代以來，它就一直享有盛名——洞庭湖是眾多湖泊中最好的。分析該句成分可知，所填詞作謂語，又根據(jù)Sinceancienttimes可知，該處用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。故填hasenjoyed/hasbeenenjoying。]41．best[考查形容詞最高級。句意：自從古代以來，它就一直享有盛名——洞庭湖是眾多湖泊中最好的。根據(jù)空前的the及后面的amonglakes可知，該處需用所給詞的最高級形式best。故填best。]42．building[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：它是中國唯一一個盔式構(gòu)造的古建筑。根據(jù)前面的修飾語theonlyancient可知，此處需用所給詞的名詞形式building。故填building。]43．for[考查介詞。句意：岳陽樓主要用于軍事目的。beusedfor意為“被用于”，為固定短語。故填for。]44．gradually[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意：唐朝之后，它逐漸成為一個著名景點，文人雅士們在這里吟詩作賦。分析該句成分可知，所填詞在此處修飾動詞became，作狀語，故用所給詞的副詞形式gradually。故填gradually。]45．which[考查定語從句。句意：唐朝之后，它逐漸成為一個著名景點，文人雅士們在這里吟詩作賦。分析該句成分可知，該句是由“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導的定語從句，先行詞為scenicspot，故用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which。]第三部分寫作第一節(jié)近來調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，學生中抽煙的人數(shù)不斷增多。請你寫一篇短文，闡述吸煙的危害。并呼吁學生不要吸煙。注意：詞數(shù)80左右。【參考范文】Smokingisawidespreadhabitevenamongschoolchildren.Thenumberofyoungsmokersisincreasing.Asweallknow，smokingisharmfultoourhealth.Butit'sevenmoreharmfultomiddleschoolstudentsforitdoesgreatharmnotonlytotheirhealthbutalsototheirmind.Middleschoolstudentsarefuturebuildersofthecountry.Theyshouldspendtheirtimelearningknowledge.Soit'shightimethattheseyoungsmokersmadeuptheirmindstogiveupsmoking.第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Igrewupinasmalltownwhereelementaryschoolwasaten-minutewalkfrommyhouseandinanage，notsolongago，whenwechildrencouldgohomeforlunchandfindourmotherswaiting.Atthetime，Ididn'tconsiderthistobesoimportant，althoughtodayitcertainlywouldbe.Actually，ourlunchtimetogetherinthepastyearshadhadagreatinfluenceonmylifebeforeIrealizedit.OurlunchtimewhenIwasinthethirdgradewillstaywithmealways.Ihadbeenpickedtobetheprincessintheschoolplay，andforweeksmymotherhadpainstakinglypracticedmylines(臺詞)withme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIdeliveredthemathome，assoonasIsteppedonstage，everyworddisappearedfrommyhead.Finally，myteachertookmeaside.Sheexplainedpatientlythatsheneededanarratorandhadwrittenanarrator'sparttotheplay，andaskedmetoplaytheroleofthenarrator.Herwords，kindlydelivered，stillhurtmeespeciallywhenIsawmypartgotoanothergirl.Ididn'ttellmotherwhathadhappenedwhenIwenthomeforlunchthatday.Butshesensedmyupset，andinsteadofsuggestingwepracticemylines，sheaskedifIwantedtowalkintheyard.Itwasalovelyspringdayandtherosevine(藤)wasturninggreen.Underthehugetrees，wecouldseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)appearingunexpectedlythroughthegrassinbunches(簇，串)，asifapainterhadtouchedourlandscapewithsmallamountsofgold.Iwatchedmymothercasuallybenddownbyoneofthebushes.“IthinkI'mgoingtodigupa