人教版（2019）選擇性必修 第二冊(cè)Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading for writing 課件

Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingforwritingTheyall...madeagreatcontribution.madegreatachievements.succeededintheirscientificcareer.overcomemanydifficulties.

Whatmakesgreatscientists?LeadinDoyouknowthem?QianXuesenTheFatherofMissiles&AerospaceTheKingoftheRocketBeAwardedwiththeMedalofTwoBombsandOneSatelliteLeadinDoyouknowthem?StephenHawkingBigbangtheoryABriefHistoryofTimeThefatherofChina’sAerospacePassage1Fastreading2.MatchthemainideawitheachparagraphPara1PersonalityPara2Hisdeathandpeople’sappreciationofhimPara3IntroductionPara4EducationPara5FurthereducationabroadandachievementsPara6ReturningtomotherlandPara7AchievementsinAerospace1.What’sthetexttype?BiographyPerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith"greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit"whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.haveagreateffecton對(duì)....有巨大影響haveagreatinfluenceon對(duì)...有很大的影響Para11.WhichsentenceshowstheevaluationofQianXueseningeneral?2.WhichsentenceshowsthequalitiesofQianXuesen?1.PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChina’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.仿寫(xiě)句子1：也許沒(méi)有其他科學(xué)家對(duì)中國(guó)呼吸科的影響比鐘南山更大。“否定詞+比較級(jí)=最高級(jí)”也許沒(méi)有其他科學(xué)家對(duì)中國(guó)航天科學(xué)的影響比錢(qián)學(xué)森更大。PerhapsnootherscientisthashadagreaterimpactonChineserespiratorysciencethanZhongNanshan.2.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.核心部分/主干（主句）：Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.枝條/次要（分句）：1）

Describedbytheauthors....scientificspirit”2）whowaspatrioticandserved....devotion,

2.連接詞(that/which/who...)標(biāo)記詞：1.介詞(on/in/by/before/after...)

切割法：介詞+賓語(yǔ)(名/代詞/doing)；連詞和從句部分;非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞(+賓語(yǔ))3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（doing/done/todo)修飾成分：都不是“主干”仿寫(xiě)句子1：鐘南山被中國(guó)人民描述為一個(gè)具有“偉大的醫(yī)學(xué)思想和醫(yī)學(xué)精神”的人，他關(guān)愛(ài)人們，熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)，以努力、成就和奉獻(xiàn)為祖國(guó)服務(wù)，是一個(gè)非常受人尊敬的人。過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)錢(qián)學(xué)森被《錢(qián)學(xué)森的故事》的作者描述為一個(gè)具有“偉大的科學(xué)思想和科學(xué)精神”的人，他非常愛(ài)國(guó)，以努力、成就和奉獻(xiàn)為祖國(guó)服務(wù)，是一個(gè)非常受人尊敬的人。DescribedbyChinesepeopleasamanwith"greatmedicalthoughtandmedicalspirit"whowaspeople-lovingandpatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.定語(yǔ)從句介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)2.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qianwasanextremelywell-respectedman.BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.However，aftertheSonghuBattlebrokeout

in1932，QianmadethedecisiontoswitchhismajortoaviationbecauseherealisedthatChinaneededitsownpowerfulairforcetoprotectanddefendthecountry.(2)defencen.

防御;保衛(wèi)breakdown出故障;失敗;垮掉;分解breakup 打碎;分裂;解體Para2WhydidQianchangehismajortoAviation?WhatisQian’squality?patrioticQianwenttotheUnitedStatesin1935topursuehisgraduate

studies.Overthecourseofthe1930sand1940s,QianbecameapioneerinAmericanjetandrockettechnology.AsagraduateassistantattheCaliforniainstituteofTechnologyduringthe1930s,Qianhelpedconductimportantresearchintorocketpropulsion,andinthe1940s,heandseveralotherpeoplefoundedtheJetPropulsionLaboratory,nowoneofNASA'Sleadingspace-explorationcentres.攻讀研究生Para31.WhatdidQiandoinAmerica?2.WhatarethequalitiesofQianXuesen?knowledgeableprofessionalAfterovercomingsomedifficultiesduringhisfinalfewyearsintheUSQianreturnedtoChinain1955.Hereceivedahero’swelcomefromhishomelandandwasputinchargeof

notonly

developingChina’srocketscience

butalso

itsspaceandmissile

programme.Atthattime,Chinawaspooranditsrocketsciencewasundeveloped.NoinstituteoruniversityinChinaofferedrocketscienceasamajor,andtherewerenotalentsorexpertsinthisfieldinChina.Nevertheless,Qiandidnotletthatdiscouragehimfromtakingonthechallenge.Whenasked"CanweChinesepossiblymakemissiles?”hisreplywasadetermined"Whynot?WeChineseareabletomakethesamethingsthatotherpeoplemake.”(1)takechargeof掌管/負(fù)責(zé)……inthechargeof 受……的管理;由……負(fù)責(zé)adv.然而；盡管如此；不過(guò)；仍然conj.然而；盡管如此discouragesbfromdoing

勸阻某人不要做某事;阻止某人做某事;打消某人做某事的念頭Para41.WhydidhereturntoChina?2.Whatqualitiesdoesthisparagraphshow?devoted,havingleardership,patriotic,optimisticUnderQian’sleadership,ChinadevelopedtheDongfengmissiles,followedbythefirstgenerationofLongMarchrockets.In1970,Chinasuccessfullylauncheditsfirstman-madesatellite,DongFangHongI,fromaLongMarchrocket.BecausemuchofthetechnologybehindtheShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbacktoQian'sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof"thefatherofChinasaerospace.”undersb.’sleadership在某人的帶領(lǐng)下 tracebackto追溯到…… trace...to...追查……到……Para5WhywasQiancalled“thefatherofChina’saerospace”?hardworkingcreativeQianreadalotandwasextremelyknowledgeable,especiallyintheareaoffrontierscienceresearch.However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstandingandcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Hisdeepappreciationforartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.Para6仿寫(xiě)3:使他成為如此杰出和富有創(chuàng)造力的醫(yī)學(xué)專家的原因可能是他對(duì)跑步健身，還有游泳和打太極等其他事物的濃厚興趣。whatmighthavemadehimsuchabrilliantandcreativescientistwasprobablyhiskeeninterestinotherthings,suchasrunningandfitness,aswellasswimmingandtaichi.

On31October2009,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian'sdeath,andpeoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.

Para7On22May2021,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyYuan’sdeath.Death:仿寫(xiě)8：2021年5月22日，袁隆平逝世。on+具體時(shí)間,sb.passedaway.on+具體時(shí)間,thewholecountrywassaddenedbyQian’sdeath...missiles,rocket,satellite,19111930s1940s19551932born,schoolsinBJ,SHJiaotongUniv.‘Railway’SonghuBattle,aviationpatrioticselflessinChina→USAgraduateinUSAgifted/excellentreturnedtoChinarocketpropulsionapioneer,jetrocketJetP.Lab(NASA)1970rocket,missileinChinaaerospace2009passedawaydetermined,fearless,pioneering,hardworking,devotedoutstanding,knowledgeable,creativegreat,honorable,respectable銜接詞語(yǔ)是語(yǔ)篇銜接的紐帶，表達(dá)的邏輯意義包括時(shí)間關(guān)系、空間關(guān)系、列舉和順序、例證、并列和遞進(jìn)、對(duì)比和轉(zhuǎn)折、等同和替換、過(guò)渡和總結(jié)、結(jié)果和推論等，其中，多數(shù)是銜接性狀語(yǔ)。ThefatherofChina’sAerospaceQianXuesenpara1:introduction:

para2-5:lifeandachievement:para6:personality:para7:deathpatriotic:switchedmajortoaviationwell-respected:his

deathandhisinfluenceknowledgeable:becameapioneer;conductedimportantreaserch;co-foundedJPL......(determined;devoted;creative...)①hadagreatimpactonChina’saerospacescience;②thefatherofChina’saerospace.①borninShanghai;②enteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity;③usedtobeagraduateassistant;AWorldofPureThoughtPassage2StephenHawking(1942-2018)physicist/mathematicianQ：HowwasHawking’sowntheoryprovencorrect??Lookatthepicturesandthetitlesofthetexts.Canyoupredict:PredictionFastreading1.What’sthetexttype?Biography2.MatchthemainideawitheachparagraphPara1ThereasonsforhisfamePara2IntroductionPara3CharacteristicsthatmadehimgreatPara1.

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand

gifted

scientistsinphysics.Mostpeoplearefamiliarwith

images

ofhiminhiswheelchair,unabletomoveandusingacomputertotalk.

Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles,hisworldbecameoneofabstract

thought.WhywasStepheninaworldofpurethought?開(kāi)始患上某種疾病。Sincehecamedownwithadiseasewhichcausedhimtolosetheuseofmostofhismuscles，hisworldbecameoneofabstractthought.A.recoverfromB.sufferfromC.comefromD.benefitfrom

Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneral,thereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory穩(wěn)恒態(tài)理論,whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.ThebiggestchampionofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyle’slectures,HawkingstoodupandpointedoutthatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhismaths.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheoryswastrue.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomerswithtelescopes.Astarwasborn.Para2.1.Whatarethetwotheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse?2.HowwasHawking’sowntheoryprovencorrect?

Hawkingfirstachievedfamewhenhewasstillhealthyenoughtowalk,asagraduatestudentinphysicsatCambridgeUniversityin1964.Ingeneral,thereweretwomaintheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverse.Thefirstwasthesteadystatetheory穩(wěn)恒態(tài)理論,whichholdsthattheuniversehasnobeginningorend.Theotherwasthebigbangtheory,whichholdsthattheuniversebeganatasinglepointintimeandspace.ThebiggestchampionofthesteadystateconceptwasFredHoyle,aprofessoratCambridge.DuringthequestionandanswerperiodafteroneofHoyle’slectures,HawkingstoodupandpointedoutthatHoylehadmadeamistakeinhismaths.Oncethemathswascorrected,itshowedthatthebigbangtheory—andnotthesteadystatetheoryswastrue.Hawking’sownworkonthebigbangtheorywassoonprovenbyastronomerswithtelescopes.Astarwasborn.Para2.TrytosummarizeHawking’squalitywithyourownwords.bravebrillant/talentedSo,WhatmadeStephenHawkingagenius?Besidesbeingbrilliant,hewasbrave,thoughsometimescarelessinwhathesaidordid.Hewaswillingtosaywhatotherswereafraidtosay,andtodreamofwhatotherswereafraidtodreamabout.Furthermore,hewasquitedetermined.Thishadhelpedhimasascientist,andhadhelpedhimevenmoreinhis?ghtagainsthisdisease.Aboveall,Hawkingwaswillingtoadmithisfaults.Thisoddcombinationofcharacteristicshadmadehimoneofthegreatestthinkersofthe20thand21stcenturies.Q.WhatqualitiesdidHawkinghave?Para3.AworldofpurethoughtPara.1

Para.2Para.3 qualtitiesBriefintroductionHisstoryhisgiftandimagetwotheoriesontheoriginoftheuniverseSteadystatetheoryBigbanthoryquestioningspirit/courageousbrilliant,bravedeterminedfrankUnderline

thelinkingwordsandphrasesinthepassages,and

describetheirfunction.表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示原因表示遞進(jìn)表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示原因表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示解釋說(shuō)明銜接詞語(yǔ)(linkingwords)是語(yǔ)篇銜接的紐帶,表達(dá)的邏輯意義包括時(shí)間關(guān)系、空間關(guān)系、列舉和順序、例證、遞進(jìn)、對(duì)比和轉(zhuǎn)折、等同和替換、過(guò)渡和總結(jié)、結(jié)果和推論等,其中多數(shù)是銜接性狀語(yǔ)。表示強(qiáng)調(diào)表示時(shí)間表示轉(zhuǎn)折表示總結(jié)表示結(jié)果表示承接表示承接SummaryScientificSpiritPragraph1:BriefintroductionPragraph2:Quality1Pragraph3:Quality2Pragraph4:Quality3...significanceofthescientificspirit&inspirationyougetfromitstorystorystoryintimeorder,usinglinkingwordsandphrasesHowtowriteanarticleaboutthescientificspirits?BesidesQianXuesenandStephenHawking,whatothergreatscientistscanyouthinkof?WriteanessayaboutthescientificspiritQualities？significanceofthescientificspirit&inspirationyougetfromitStories?根據(jù)以下信息用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文介紹袁隆平教授?；拘畔?.1937年9月7日出生于重慶的一個(gè)貧困的家庭。自幼刻苦學(xué)習(xí),酷愛(ài)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)；2.自從1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后,他已經(jīng)研究水稻近半個(gè)世紀(jì),一直在為世界農(nóng)業(yè)默默耕耘。主要成績(jī)3.由于他的研究,我國(guó)水稻產(chǎn)量快速增長(zhǎng),為很多國(guó)家解決了糧食不足的問(wèn)題;他被譽(yù)為“雜交水稻之父”(“FatherofHybridRice”);4.由于他對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn)，他獲獎(jiǎng)甚多；在2019年，他被授予“共和國(guó)勛章”(“MedaloftheRepublic”);5.雖然他很出名,但是他過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活，不計(jì)名利;6.2021年5月22日，袁隆平，在湖南長(zhǎng)沙逝世，享年91歲。

Writing1.介紹概況：同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，使文章簡(jiǎn)潔。如：(1)AbrahamLincoln,thesonofapoorfamily(一個(gè)貧苦家庭的兒子),wasborninKentuckyonFebruary12,1809.[同位語(yǔ)](2)QuanHongchan,aworldchampionindiving(一位跳水的世界冠軍),isagirlof16fromZhanjiang.[同位語(yǔ)](3)BorninMaryland,USAin1985(他1985年出生于美國(guó)馬里蘭州),MichaelPhelpsisafamousswimmer.[分語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)](4)In2006,havingbrokentheworldrecordandgotthegoldmedal(在他打破世界紀(jì)錄并獲得金牌之后),hebecametheidoloftheyouth.[分詞短語(yǔ)]高級(jí)句型1.1937年9月7日出生于重慶的一個(gè)貧困的家庭。自幼刻苦學(xué)習(xí),酷愛(ài)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)；原文：BorninHangzhouin1911,QianattendedschoolsinBeijingandthenenteredShanghaiJiaoTongUniversitytostudyRailwayMechanicalEngineering.BorninapoorfamilyinChongqingonSeptember7,1937,YuanLongpingstudiedhard,showinggreatinterestinagriculture.Imiationwriting2.自從1953年大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后,他已經(jīng)研究水稻近半個(gè)世紀(jì),一直在為世界農(nóng)業(yè)默默耕耘。原文：However,whatmighthavemadehimsuchanoutstandingandcreativescientistwasprobablyhisstronginterestinotherthings,suchasmusicanddrawing.Sincehisgraduationfromuniversityin1953,Yuanhaddoneresearchonriceforoverhalfacentury.However,whatmighthavemadeYuansuchanoutstandingscientistwasthathedevotedallhistimeandenergytothestudyofagriculture.Imiationwriting3.由于他的研究,我國(guó)水稻產(chǎn)量快速增長(zhǎng),為很多國(guó)家解決了糧食不足的問(wèn)題;他被譽(yù)為“雜交水稻之父”“FatherofHybridRice”;原文：Becausemuchofthetechnologybehind

theShenzhourocketscanalsobetracedbackto

Qian'sresearch,Qianearnedthenameof“the

fatherofChina'saerospace”.Becauseofhisresearch,whichmakesChina’sriceproductionincreasingrapidlyandsolvestheproblemofthelackoffoodformanycountries,Yuanearnedthenameof“FatherofHybridRice”.Imiationwriting4.由于他對(duì)世界的貢獻(xiàn)，他獲獎(jiǎng)甚多；在2019年，他被授予“共和國(guó)勛章”例句：Inhislife,hegotmanyhonours,oneofwhichisthe2005CCTVMovingChinaAward.Hewasrewardedwithmanyprizesforhisgreatcontributionstotheworld，oneofwhichwasMedaloftheRepublicin2019.Imiationwriting5.雖然他很出名,但是他過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)樸的生活，不計(jì)名利;例句

Successful

asheis,heisnotproud.Famousashewas,helivedasimplelifeandcaredlittleaboutmoneyandfame.Imiationwriting6.2021年5月22日，袁隆平，在湖南長(zhǎng)沙逝世，享年91歲。舉國(guó)哀痛，人們以各種方式紀(jì)念他、緬懷他。原文：On31October2009,

thewholecountrywas

saddenedbyQian'sdeath,andpeoplehonoured

andrememberedhimindifferentways.On22May2021,thewholecountrywassaddenedbythenewsthatYuandiedinChina'sHunanProvince,aged91,andpeoplehonouredandrememberedhimindifferentways.Imiationwriting

BorninapoorfamilyinChongqingonSeptember7,1937,YuanLongpingstudiedhard,showinggreatinterestinagriculture.

Asamatteroffact,sincehisgraduationfromuniversityin1953,Yuanhaddoneresearchonriceforoverhalfacentury.However,whatmighthavemadeYuansuchanoutstandingscientistwasthathedevotedallhistimeandenergytothestudyofagriculture.Becauseofhisresearch,whichmakesChina’sriceproduct