新概念英語第一冊Lesson143筆記(語法點+配套練習(xí)+答案)

新概念一課堂筆記72第第頁Lesson143Awalkthroughthewoods單詞分類v.n.prep.adj.surroundplacecountcoverprosecutewoodvisitorlitterbasketrubbishpiecetyrethroughamongrusty課文復(fù)習(xí)IliveinaveryoldtownIliveinaveryoldtownwhichissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.Itisafamousbeautyspot.OnSundays,hundredsofpeoplecomefromthecitytoseeourtownandtowalkthroughthewoods.Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.Litterbasketshavebeenplacedunderthetrees,butpeoplestillthrowtheirrubbisheverywhere.LastWednesday,Iwentforawalkinthewoods.WhatIsawmademeverysad.Icountedsevenoldcarsandthreeoldrefrigerators.Thelitterbasketswereemptyandthegroundwascoveredwithpiecesofpaper,cigaretteends,oldtyres,emptybottlesandrustytins.Amongtherubbish,Ifoundasignwhichsaid,‘Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted.’課文重點重點練習(xí)surround v.包圍besurroundedby...被...包圍Ourtownissurroundedbyanoldwall.Iliveinaveryoldtownsurrounded(surround)bybeautifulwoods.Thisbeautifulwhitehouseissurroundedbygreentrees.這個漂亮的白色房子周圍圍繞著綠樹。woodn.木頭woodsn.樹林woodenadj.木質(zhì)的Mydeskismadeofwood.(wood)Ireallylikethiswoodentableandchairs.(wood)Pleasejoinustowalkinthewoods(wood).beautyspot n.景點beautyn.美麗，美人beautifuladj.漂亮的beautifullyadv.漂亮地Shewasasuchabeauty.(beautiful)Whatabeautifulgarden.(beauty)Thedancerdancesbeautifully(beautiful)SummerPalaceisabeautyspot.(beautiful)hundred n.百hundredsof成百上千的thousandsof成千上萬的millionsof數(shù)百萬的billionsof數(shù)十億的hundredorhundreds?Thereareabouteighthundedstudentsinmyschool.Hundredsofstudentsareinvitedtotheparty.throughprep.（從內(nèi)部）穿過acrossprep.橫穿 throughtheforest穿過深林throughthewindow透過窗子acrosstheroad過馬路Thebabyistooyoungtositthoughthewholefilm.Thisoldmaniswalkingacrossthestreetslowly.littern.垃圾litterbasket廢物筐v.扔垃圾belitteredwith…被扔滿...Don’tdroplittereverywhere.(litter)Allhisroomislitteredwithsocksandshoes.(litter)Youshouldlitterinthelitterbasket.你應(yīng)該把垃圾扔在垃圾筐里。Thestreetswerelittered(litter)witholdcars.place v.把...放在...n.地點takeplace發(fā)生Heplacedthemagazineonthebookshelf.他把雜志放到書架上。Whendidthiscaraccidenttake(take)place?Ittook(take)placeinthenearstreetyesterday.throwv.扔(threw,thrown)throwsth.tosb.投擲，傳遞throwsth.atsb.砸……throwaway扔掉throwback扔回，擊退Tom,throwtheballtome.Thefootballisoutofthefield.Canyouthrowitbacktome?Thenaughtymonkeythrewstonesatvisitors.Thesheetisverydirty.Throwitaway.rubbishn.垃圾apieceofrubbish一件廢棄物apileofrubbish一堆垃圾countv.數(shù)數(shù)countfrom1to10從1數(shù)到10countmoney數(shù)錢countern.柜臺；結(jié)賬處Amyisa2-year-oldgirl.Shecancountfrom1to20.Amy是一個2歲的女孩。她可以從1數(shù)到20.Toacarefulhousewife,everypennycounts(count).cover v.覆蓋coversth.withsth.用……覆蓋……becoveredwith...被……覆蓋n.封面Weshallcoverthetablewithacloth.我們將在桌上鋪一塊布。Themountainsarecoveredwithwhitesnow.Thetreesarecovered(cover)withcolourfullightslastweek.。Thecoverofthebookisold.這本書的封皮很舊。piecen.碎片cutsth.intopieces把...切成碎片apieceof一塊兒，一片兒apieceofadvice一條建議apieceofpaper一張紙apieceofnews一條消息apieceofwood一塊木頭rustyadj.生銹的rustn.銹，鐵銹/v.生銹構(gòu)詞法：n.+y=adj.Thebikeisrusty(rust).Itneedsmending.Stainlesssteeldoesn’trust(notrust).among prep.在...之間among在三者或三者以上之間between在兩者之間Iamsittingamongmyclassmatesinthepicture.Thethiefstoodbetweentwopolicemen.Ilikethisdressbestamongthosesecute v.依法處置prosecutedsb.for...因...處罰某人Trespasserswillbeprosecuted.閑人莫入，違者法辦。Theyprosecutedhimforshoplifting.他們起訴他扒竊商店貨物。befamousfor...因……而著名（作品）befamousas作為……而著名（身份）Chinaisfamousforherbeauty.中國因其美麗而聞名。Jimmyisfamousasateacher.吉米作為老師而出名。sb.beaskedtodosth.某人被要求做某事=asksb.todosth.Mymotheraskedmetocleanthekitchen.（被動句）=Iwasaskedtocleanthekitchen.Visitorshavebeenasked(ask)tokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.makesb.+adj.keepsth.+adj.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed(relax).Shutthedoor,please.Weneedtokeepthehousewarm(warm).besurroundedby被...包圍goforawalk去散步beautyspot風(fēng)景點litterbasket廢物筐onSundays每周日becoveredwith被...覆蓋hundredsof數(shù)以百計的piecesofpaper紙片throughthewoods穿過樹林cigaretteends煙頭beaskedtodosth.被要求做某事amongtherubbish在垃圾中keepthewoodstidy保持樹林整潔beprosecutedby被處置語法解析被動語態(tài)定義：主動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的發(fā)起者；被動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的承受者，意為被...結(jié)構(gòu)：被動語態(tài)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是：_____be+過去分詞______時態(tài)：其中時態(tài)變化表現(xiàn)在_____be動詞____的變化上。練習(xí)：（主動or被動）Thebookwasreadabouttentimes.被動Mymotherboughtmeasmartphone.主動Wereyouhitbyaball?被動Jennyplacedthebasketonthefloor.主動Thebiscuitswerecookedbymymother.被動Wherehaveyoubeen?主動Whatdidyoudo?主動Whenwasthecarbeingstolen?被動不同時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時：主語+am/is/are+過去分詞+by+賓語Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.ThehomeworkhasbeendonebyLucyintheevening.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.ThesemachineshavebeenmadebyusinBelium.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.EnglishhasbeenspokenbypeopleasthefirstlanguageinUK.一般過去時：主語+was/were+過去分詞+by+賓語Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Hislittlebritherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.一般將來時：主語+willbe+過去分詞+by+賓語Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.UncleWangwillmendtheTVsettomorrow.TheTVsetwillbemendedbyUncleWangtomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：主語+am/is/arebeing+過去分詞+by+賓語Lucyiswateringthetrees.ThetreesarebeingwateredbyLucy.Weareridingabike.Abikeisbeingriddenbyus.現(xiàn)在完成時：主語+have/hasbeen+過去分詞+by+賓語Wehavefinishedourcompositions.Ourcompositionshavebeenfinishedbyus.Hehasgivenabooktoher.Abookhasbeengiventoherbyhim.情態(tài)動詞：主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞+by+賓語Hecantakecareofthebaby.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.Lucymaydrawthepictures.ThepicturesmaybedrawnbyLucy.Youmustturnoffthelights.Thelightsmustbeturnedoff.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Englishshouldbelearnedbythemwell.Jimcoulddoityesterday.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.五、語法練習(xí)1.模仿例句改寫下列句子Example：Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?Someonehasopenedit.Ithasalreadybeenopened.Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?Someonehasopenedthem.Theyhavealreadybeenopened.Hasn’tanyoneairedtheroomyet?Someonehasairedit.Ithasalreadybeenaired.Hasn’tanyonetoldthemyet?Someonehastoldthem.Theyhavealreadybeentold.模仿例句回答以下問題Example:Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyetIthasn’tbeenopenedyet.Itwillbeopenedtomorrow.Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowsyet?Theyhaven’tbeenopenedyet.Theywillbeopenedtomorrow.Hasn’tanyoneturnedonthetapsyet?Theyhaven’tbeenturnedonyet.Theywillbeturnedontomorrow.Hasn’tanyonedustedthecupboardyet?Ithasn’tbeendustedyet.Itwillbedustedtomorrow.3.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thereisarusty(rust)tinontheground.Anyonewholeaveslitterinthesewoodswillbeprosecuted(prosecute).Withmeaslesyougetspots(spot)alloveryourskin.Iwentforawalkinthewoods(wood)lastWednesday.Visitors(visit)havebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.Theoldtownisafamousbeauty(beautiful)spot.Pleasewriteyournameonthecover(cover).Noonecancatchupwithhimintheclass.He’salwaysinthefirst(one)place.Thestreetsarefulloflitter(litter).Sheputawayhercompactandsmiledkindly(kind).4.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Beautifulwoodssurroundtheoldtown.（改為被動語態(tài)）Theoldtownissurroundedbybeautifulwoods.2.Theyhaveaskedvisitorstokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.（改為被動語態(tài)）Visitorshavebeenaskedtokeepthewoodscleanandtidy.3.Peoplethrowrubbisheverywhere.（改為被動語態(tài)）Rubbishisthrowneverywhere.4.Iwasmadetofeelthirsty.（變?yōu)橹鲃泳洌㏕hatmademefeelthirsty.5.“Whathappenedtoyou?”theboyaskeduncleJohn.（變?yōu)殚g接引語）TheboyaskeduncleJohnwhathadhappenedtohim.5.單項選擇(D)1.Whatlanguage_________inAmerica?A.speak B.spoke C.spoken D.isspoken(B)2.They_________tocleantheclassroomyesterday.A.areasked B.wereasked C.asked D.ask(B)3.Thiskindofflowermust_________everyday.water B.bewatered C.watered D.watering(A)4.Thiskindofbike_________inTianjin.A.ismade B.makes C.ismaking D.made(B)5.Thewindows_________yet.A.haven'topened B.haven'tbeenopened C.didn'topen D.didn'topened(B)6.Litterbasket_________underthetrees.A.haveplaced B.havebeenplaced C.isplaced D.areplacing(C)7.Doyoulikethefood?Yes,it_________verynice.A.istasting B.tasted C.tastes D.istasted(B)8.Itisdifficultforaforeigner_________Chinese.A.write B.towrite C.tobewritten D.written(A)9.Ihavenomoreletters_________,thankyou.A.totype B.typing C.tobetyped D.typed(C)10.Ihopeyoucancome_________myhouse_________mybirthdaypartynextSaturday.A.in;for B.for;for C.to;for D.with;for(B)11.Excuseme,what'sthisfor?It'sacleanerandit_________topickupdirt.(2010?廣東廣州)uses B.isused C.isusing D.used(D)12.Whyistheclassroomsodirty? Sorry,sir.It_________yesterday.Weforgottodoit.(2010?浙江寧波)A.doesn'tclean B.didn'tclean C.isn’tcleaned D.wasn’tcleaned(B)13.Noconclusion_________beforewecompletethistest.(2010?四川成都)A.ismade B.willbemade C.hasmade(D)14.Areyougoingtotheparty?No,becauseI_________.(2010?安徽)A.haveasked B.haven'taskedC.havebeenasked D.haven'tbeenasked(A)15.Wastepapershouldn't____everywhere.It'sourdutytokeepourcityclean.(2009?重慶)A.bethrown B.throw C.isthrow D.arethrow七、課后練習(xí)一．用所給詞的正確形式填空。1.Thissongisoftensung(sing)bychildren.2.Alotofbooksarekept(keep)inthelibrary.3.Theglasswasbroken(break)byhimyesterdayafternoon.4.Don’tworry.Theseexercisescanbedone(cando)inclass.5.Thisworkmustbefinished(mustfinish)before12o’clocktomorrow.6.Anewschoolwillbebuilt(build)herenextmonth.7.—Hasn’tanyoneopenedthewindowyet?—Someonehasopenedit.Ithasalreadybeenopened.(open)8.—Hasn’tanyoneemptiedthisbasketyet?—Ithasn’tbeenemptied.Itwillbeemptiedtomorrow.(empty)9.Heoftenmakesmehappy(happy).10.Youmustkeepyourroomwarm(warm).二．單項選擇。(B)1.They_____________tocleantheclassroomyesterday.A.areaskedB.wereaskedC.askedD.as