湖南省新高考教學(xué)教研聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考（一模）英語試卷 含答案

2024屆新高考教學(xué)教研聯(lián)盟高三第一次聯(lián)考英語試卷長郡中學(xué)；衡陽市八中；永州市四中；岳陽縣一中；湘潭縣一中；湘西州民中；石門縣一中；澧縣一中；益陽市一中；桃源縣一中；株洲市二中；麓山國際；郴州市一中；岳陽市一中；婁底市一中；懷化市三中；邵東市一中；洞口縣一中；九江市一中；南昌市二中長郡中學(xué)；衡陽市八中；永州市四中；岳陽縣一中；湘潭縣一中；湘西州民中；石門縣一中；澧縣一中；益陽市一中；桃源縣一中；株洲市二中；麓山國際；郴州市一中；岳陽市一中；婁底市一中；懷化市三中；邵東市一中；洞口縣一中；九江市一中；南昌市二中由聯(lián)合命題命題學(xué)校：長郡中學(xué) 審題學(xué)校：江西省豐城中學(xué)注意事項(xiàng):1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whydoesthemanget-uplate?A.Hestayeduplatelastnight.B.Hedoesn’thavetoworktoday.C.Heforgottosetanalarmclock.2.Whatismostlikelythemantobe?A.Anactor. B.ATVbroadcaster. C.Abusinessowner.3.WhendoesthemanwanttoarriveinWashington?A.By9:00a.m. B.By8:30a.m. C.By7:30-a.m.4.Wheredidthewomanintendtogo?A.Toacinema. B.Toarestaurant. C.ToMaggie’shouse.5.WhomightLilybe?A.Thewoman’sbabysitter. B.Thewoman’s:boss. C.Thewoman’schild.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthestory?A.it'stoolong. B.It'sconfusing. C.It'sveryexciting.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readthewholebook. B.Writeashortstoryherself.C.Borrowacopyofthebook.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdothespeakersthinkoftaikonauts（宇航員）'mission?A.Heroicyetlonely. B.Honourableyetrisky. C.Costlyyetirreplaceable.9.Whatdoesthewomaninsistonaboutspaceexploration?A.Havingmannedspacetravel.B.Modernizingspacegovernance.C.Investinginspaceexploration.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthepurposeofthecampaign?A.Tobuildananimalshelter.B.Toraisemoneyforanimalshelters.C.Toencouragepeopletoadoptanimals.11.Howmuchmoneyhasthemanspentinhelpinganimals?A,$7,500. B.$5,000. C.$10,000.12.Whatismostprobablythewoman'sjob?A.Ajournalist. B.Ateacher. C.Awriter.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13,Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthewoods. B.Attheirhome. C.Intheclassroom.14,Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Rubbish. B.Mushrooms. C.Bamboograss.15.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodowithwhatshefinds?A.Takepictures. B.Cookameal. C.Doadrawing.16.Whatdomushroomsandbamboograsshaveincommon?A.Theyarebothnutritious.B.Theyhaveasinglerootsystem.C.Theygrowallovertheground.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whereisthespeakernow?A.Atamemorialceremony. B.Atadonationceremony. C.Atagraduationceremony.18.WhathappenedtoAlvinJames?A.Hediedlastyear.B.Hecreatedanewscholarship.C.Hedeliveredalettertotheuniversity.19.WhatdoesthespeakersharewiththeaudienceinAlvin'sletter?A.Alvin'sopiniononeducation.B,Alvin'sdonationtothecharities.C.Alvin'slifestory.20.Whowillfundthenewscholarship?A.AlvinJames. B.Formerstudents. C.Theuniversity.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALonelyPlanet'sTopPlacestoGoin2024Areyoulookingforinspirationforyournexttraveldestination?LonelyPlanethaspublisheditsyearlylistoftopplacestogo.Whetheryou'relookingforadventure,culture,orvalue,there'ssomethingforeverytypeoftraveler.Let'sexplorethe.toppicksfortraveldestinationsin2024.TopCity:NairobiNairobi,theKenyancapital,waschosenforitsuniquemusicanddanceculture,andimpressivelocalrestaurants.NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity'scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover-400specieswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscraperstwinkleonthe.horizon.TopCountry:MongoliaMongoliaislovedforitswide-openspaces,adventureactivities,anduniquefood.TheMongoliangovernmenthasannounced2023through.2025:as:the“YearstoVisitMongolia",easingentryconditionsforinternationaltravelersandimprovingpublicfacilities,includinganew$650millionairport.TopSustainableTravelDestination:SpainThepublisheralsorecommendedSpainforthecountry'seffortstoexpand.renewableenergy,todevelopoff-seasontravel,andtobringtourismtonewdestinations,suchastheportcityofValencia,easingpressuresonhotspotssuchasBarcelona.TopBest-ValueLocation:TheAmericanMidwestTheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.Visitorscanenjoyexcellentservicesandfacilities.suchasoldwarehousestransformedintoartstudios,neweco-designhotels,andMichelin-starredrestaurants,withouthavingtospendtoomuchmoney.TopBeachDestination:DonegalDonegal.Ireland'smostnorthwesterncounty,hasthecountry'slongestcoastlineandover100beaches,wherevisitorscanenjoythehighestseacliffsinEuropeandmilesofbeautifulcoastalhikingtrails.21.WhatcanpeopledoinNairobiNationalPark?A.Enjoyadventureactivities. B.Tastelocaldeliciouscuisine.C.Seevariouswildanimals. D.Appreciatemusicalperformances.22.WhyisTheAmericanMidwestconsideredtobetheBest-ValueLocation?A.Ithassimplifiedentryprocedures. B.Itofferscost-effectiveexperiences.C.Itcombinesartwithnaturalscenery. D.Itprovidesgoodtransportationservices.23.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toentertain. B.Toanalyse. C.Toinform. D.Toreport.BOnDecember16,2023,thefirstsectionofMayaTrainofficiallyopened,whichrunsbetweenCampecheandCancún,carryingupto231passengersacross290milesandstoppingat14trainstations,BuiltasanambitiousefforttopromotetourismandboostMexico'seconomy,therailsystemconnectsthemajorcitiesandtouristregionsoftheYucatánPeninsula-fromCancún'sbeachestoTulum'sarchaeological（考古的）wonders.Oncetheprojectiscompleted,theentirerailsystemwilllinktouristdestinationsacrossfivestates.However,environmentalistsandarchaeologistsarguethatthetrainroutewillcausegreatdamagetotheenvironmentandancientMayansites.TheMayaTrainpassesthroughsixUNESCOWorldHeritagesites,andthousandsofarchaeologicalsites.OneparticularareaofconcernistheCalakmulbiospherereserve,whichishometomanyendangeredspecies,suchasjaguarsandover500otheranimalspecies.Thetrainlines,morethan60meterswide,couldactasartificialbarriersthatmaylimitthemovementoftheseanimalswithinthereserve,makingitdifficultforthemtomovearoundandaccessfoodandwatersources.Opponentsalsoexpresssafetyconcerns.Certainsectionsoftherailsystemwillbebuiltrightontopoftheaquifer's（地下水層的）mostfragilepointsofcontactwiththesurface.“It'slikewantingtobuildovereggshells,saysGuillermoChristy,awatertreatmentconsultant."Puttingtrainsweighingthousandsoftonsontopcouldcausetheundergroundcavestocrashdown."Toconstructthetraininfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）alsorequiresdrivinglongpilesdeepintotheground,whichposesabigthreattothisfragileecosystemandleadstowatershortages.IntheongoingdebateofMayaTrain,itiscrucialtoconsiderthedelicatebalancebetweeneconomicdevelopmentandenvironmentalpreservation.WhileMayaTrainmayprovideeconomicbenefits,wemustnotoverlookthepotentialenvironmentalandculturallosses,aswellasthesafetyrisksitmaybring.Achievingharmonybetweenprogressandconservationmaybeasignificantchallengefortheproject,butwemusttakeintoaccountthelong-termconsequencesofouractions.24.WhatdoweknowabouttheMayaTrainproject?A.ItconsumeslotsoflaborinMexico.B.ItwascompletedonDecember16,2023.C.Ithasconcernedsomeprofessionals.D.Itblocksthedevelopmentoflocaltourism.25.Whatistheeffectofthetrainlinesontheanimalsinthereserve?A.Theydisturbtheirsleepingpatterns. B.Theyrestricttheiractivities.C.Theypollutetheirwatersources. D.Theyengagetheirenemiestothearea.26.Whydoestheauthormention"eggshells"inparagraph4?A.Toshowthedifficultyofconstructingtheraillines.B.Toprovetheurgencyofprotectingthefragileecosystem.C.Toexplainthereasonsforwatershortagesalongtherailway.D.TostressthepotentialharmofMayaTraintotheaquifersystem.27.Whichstatementwouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Preservingculturalsitesrequiresstrongfinancialsupport.B.ItistimetospeeduptheconstructionprocessofMayaTrain.C.Economicdevelopmentshouldnotcomeattheexpenseoftheenvironment.D.Weshouldprizetheeconomicbenefitsoftheprojectinthelongrun.CGeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth'shistory-alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000-kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting（漂移），leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?TheseabedstructuresuggeststhatthecontinentdriftednorthwestwardandendedupSoutheastAsia.Butsurprisingly,thereisnolargecontinenthiddenbeneaththoseislands,onlysmallcontinentalfragments（碎片）surroundedbyancientoceanicbasins.Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn'treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa"veryextendedandfragmentedcollection"undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragmentsthatweredispersed,whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent'sgeologicalfeatures.However,withadvancedtechnologyandthediscovery,scientistscannowpiecethemtogether.Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland'swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostcompletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos-animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.ThestoryofArgolandisnotoneofcompletedisappearancebutoftransformation.Astheworldcontinuestoevolve,thislostcontinentservesasapowerfulsymbolofthedelicacyoflifeonthisplanet,andareminderoftheimportanceofrespectingandprotectingtheworldthatwelivein.28.WhatdoweknowaboutArgoland?A.Itsplitintotwopiecesmanyyearsago.B.ItbrokeawayfromthecontinentofAfrica.C.ItsanktothebottomoftheArgoAbyssalPlain.D.ItexistsasfragmentsundertheeasternislandsofIndonesia,29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"dispersed"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crashed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.30.Whydoestheauthormentionthe"Wallaceline"inparagraph4?A.TointroducetheearlyhistoryofArgoland.B.TostressthesignificanceoftracingArgoland.C.ToprovethebiodiversityofSoutheastAsianislands.D.ToexplaintheevolutionaryprocessofAustralianspecies.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaLostContinent B.TheBoundariesofWildlifeHabitatsC.TheGeologicalFeaturesofArgoland D.TheFormationoftheArgoAbyssalPlainDAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate（碳酸鈉）canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids（氨基酸）.Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads（珠）madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadsandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice'sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback."Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,"theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher."It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,"emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Itcanberecycledatalowcost. B.Itisproducedwithoutpollution.C.Ittakeslesstimeto.breakdown. D.Ithasawiderangeofapplications.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.B.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice'sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hurdle"inparagraph4referto?A.Theinstabilityofaminoacids.B.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.C.Environmentalproblemscausedbytraditionalglass.D.Thechallengeofimprovingtheheating-coolingprocedure.35.WhatistheattitudeofYanXuehaitowardsthenewglass'slaunchonthemarket?A.Optimistic. B.Critical. C.Indifferent. D.Uncertain.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyouhaveeverlookedcloselyatthetiresonyourcar,youhaveprobablyseenlittlehairsstickingoutoftheblackrubber.36Aretheythereforanysafetyreasons?Thoselittlebitsareoneofthestrangecarfeaturessomepeoplemaystoptothinkabout.Locatedontheverticalpartofthetire,thesecuriouslittlerubberhairsareknownas“ventspews（輪胎毛刺）".Theyarecrucialinthetire-makingprocess.Asthetreadpatternmold（胎面花紋模具）ispressedintothetire'srubber,theextrarubberrequiresawaytoescapethemold.37Curiously,there'snosetnumberofhairseachtirewill.have.38Butthepresenceoftirehairsisuniversal.Theyarenothingmorethanremnants（殘余部分）ofthecomplexprocessthatmakesstronganddurabletires.39Becausetheyarefoundonthepartofthetirerubberthatdoesn'thittheroad,andtheyhavenoimpactonhowwellyourtiregrips（抓牢）thepavementinrainyweather.Theserubberhairsalsodon'thaveanyimpactonroadnoiseorwhyyourtiressqueakwhenyou'redriving.Theyaremerelyevidenceofthenewtire'sarrivalintheworld.Tirehairsarenaturallywornawayduringnormaldriving,andthepresenceorabsenceofthesehairsdoesn'tdetermineifatireissafe.Thereisoneinstance,however,wherethelackoftirehairscanmatter.40Asaresponsiblecarowner,youshouldmonitorthehealthofyourtiresregularly.A.Whydotireshavehairs?B.Tirehairsdon'thaveanyeffectonsafedriving.C.Arethereanyotherinterestingfactsaboutcars?D.Theylookfunny,yeteverynewcartirehasthem.E.Itcouldbeasignthattiresareworn,oldandneedtobereplaced.:F.Theexactnumbervariesbasedonthedesignandsizeofthetires.G.Becausetiny-sizeescapeventsarecreatedthroughouteachmold,littletirehairsareborn.第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Onesunnyafternoon,JackandIrodehardtowardshishouse.Thesunshone41onJack'sblackbicycle.Youwouldneverseehisbikewith42onit.AsIbentover,ItookaglimpseofJack'sshiningschool43.Jackwasalwaysneatandtidy,buthisclotheswereoldand44.Ioften45ifheownedanythingelse.Weturnedintoastreetlinedwithsmall,oldrailwayhouses.Jackopenedagateandwewentthroughit.Igotoffmybikeand46itagainstthegaragewall.Itwasasmall,whitewashedhouse.Thetinyareaoflawnwasneatly47.Wewentinbythebackdoor.Thekitchenhadacupboard,asmalldiningtablewiththreechairsandanancientcooker.Everythingwas48clean.InJack'sroom,ithadabed,aone-doorcloset,andatable.Severalbookswere49againstthewallononecornerofthetable,andontheothercorner50amodelsteamengine.Jackdemonstratedtomehowtheengine51.IlookedatJack'sfaceandabroadsmilespreadoverit.Feelingashamed,IreflectedthatIgrewupina52wealthyhome.Myclosetwas53withnewandfashionableclothes.Ihadastate-of-the-artten-speedracingbike.54,IoftendidnotappreciatewhatIhad.Itookitallforgranted.Bycontrast,Jackhadalmostnothing,buthewashappyand55.Thankyou,Jack,forunknowinglyteachingmethevalueofbeingsatisfiedwithwhatI'vegot.41. A.briefly B.regularly C.slowly D.brightly42. A.dirt B.decorations C.passengers D.damage43. A.coat B.tie C.shoes D.hat44. A.generous B.clean C.worn D.ugly45. A.meant B.wondered C.argued D.knew46. A.protected B.accepted C.rested D.covered47. A.drawn B.crossed C.waved D.shaped48. A.nearly B.spotlessly C.naturally D.severely49. A.spread B.stored C.placed D.hidden50. A.lied B.stood C.set D.put51. A.rose B.admitted C.flamed D.worked52. A.relatively B.humbly C.traditionally D.respectively53. A.stuffed B.engaged C.equipped D.surrounded54. A.Therefore B.Nevertheless C.Otherwise D.Subsequently55. A.energetic B.modest C.curious D.content第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。It'saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,56UNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Theteam57（devote）toprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals（壁畫）andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionof58takesaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.Theculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceover59（century）ontheancientSilkRoad.Commonly60（see）"diseases"affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking,aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamason（石匠）andhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,61（be）abletorecognizetheproblemsandtheir62（correspond）causesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,63formallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissing64fadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“pe