北師大版初三英語第14講：unit-7-語法篇(教師版)

Unit7語法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握冠詞的用法冠詞（Articles）冠詞三兄弟a,an和the的任務(wù)就是給名詞“戴帽子”。語法上，冠詞是虛詞，沒有詞義，用于名詞前，幫助表明詞義。冠詞三兄弟的分工各有不同，大家一定要記清楚，不要“張冠李戴”。冠詞分為兩類：不定冠詞a/an和定冠詞the。不定冠詞a/an只能用于單數(shù)名詞之前，表示“一…”的意思或該名詞的不特定性。定冠詞the則強(qiáng)調(diào)該名詞的特定性，表示“這、這些”等意思，在可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞之前都能使用。一、不定冠詞的用法1.不定冠詞的種類：不定冠詞有兩個a和an。a用于以輔音音標(biāo)開頭的單詞之前。例如：abook一本書awoman一個女人an用于以元音音標(biāo)開頭的單詞之前。例如：anapple一個蘋果anhour一個小時注意：當(dāng)形容詞修飾名詞時，冠詞要放在形容詞的前面，這時用a或an取決于這個形容詞的讀音。例如：anEnglishteacher一位英語老師aredapple一個紅蘋果2.不定冠詞的用法：(1)用于第一次提到的、不確定的人或物（可數(shù)名詞）之前，例如：Thereisadogoutsidethedoor.門外有一條狗。DoyouseeamaninredT-shirt?你有看到一個穿紅體恤衫的男子嗎？(2)用于價格或時間等名詞的前面，是“每…”的意思，例如：4yuanakilo每公斤四元onceaweek一周一次(3)表示職業(yè)、身份，例如：alawyer一個律師adoctor一個醫(yī)生astudent一名學(xué)生(4)用于數(shù)字、量詞之前，例如：ahundred一百alotof許多acouple一對(5)用于一些固定詞組中havearest休息makealiving謀生agreatdeal很多二、定冠詞的用法1.定冠詞的一般用法(1)用于第二次談到的人或物，例如：Shehasabag.Thebagisyellow.她有一個包，這個包是黃色的。(2)用于雙方共知的人或物，例如：Idon’tlikethecoat.我不喜歡這件大衣。(3)“the+n單數(shù).”可以表示一類人或物，例如：thepanda大熊貓thedriver司機(jī)2.定冠詞的特殊用法定冠詞常用于一些特定詞的前面。助記：沙漠、河流與群山；列島、海峽與海灣；階級、黨派、國家名；組織、團(tuán)體和機(jī)關(guān)；方位、朝代、獨一詞；會議、文件及報刊；樂器、建筑、海洋群；定冠詞帽戴在前。theYellowRiver黃河playthepiano彈鋼琴TheGreatWall長城thePeople’sDaily人民日報theUnitedNations聯(lián)合國(1)用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)之前表示全家人/夫婦倆，例如：thegreens格林一家theMr.Li李先生一家(2)“the+adj.”表示一類人或物，例如：therich富人thepoor窮人theyoung年輕人(3)用于形容詞最高級前面，例如：Heisthetallestboyinourclass.他是我們班上最高的男生。(4)用于一些固定詞組中intheevening在晚上atthemoment在此時gotothecinema去電影院三、不用冠詞（零冠詞）的情況下列情況應(yīng)免冠，代詞限定名詞前；專有名詞不可數(shù)，學(xué)科球類三餐飯；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表泛指，兩節(jié)星期月份前；顏色語種和國名，稱呼習(xí)語及頭銜。1.在一些專有名詞（人名、地名、月份、節(jié)日等）之前，不用冠詞。MissLaura勞拉小姐DoctorSmith史密斯醫(yī)生Hydepark海德公園March三月Children’sDay兒童節(jié)2.名詞前已有修飾詞的時候，不用冠詞。例如：thismorning今天早上mybook我的書yourchildren你的孩子3.在表示三餐、球類、棋類和游戲等名詞前，一般不用冠詞。例如：playbasketball打籃球playcards打牌playgames玩游戲havedinner吃晚飯4.在物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前，一般不用冠詞。例如：Welovepeace.我們愛和平。Smokingisbadforhealth.吸煙有害健康。1.Davidis_______singer.Hethinksitis_______interestingjob.A.a;theB.the;an C.a;/ D.a;an2.AsTimlovesZunyialot,hebought________one-waytickettoZunyi.A.anB.aC.theD./3.Cathywasveryhappytomeet_______oldfriendontheplanetoParis.A.aB.anC.theD./4.What_________goodnews!OurschoolbandwillplayatHarbinSummerConcertinAugust.A.aB.anC.the D./5.Lookat________calendar.It’sJune22.A.a B.an C.the D./6.Beijingisoneof_______biggestcitiesinChina,anditisfamousfor_______GreatWall.A.a;theB.the;aC./;theD.the;the7.Myfriendisgoodatplaying______basketball.A.aB.anC.theD./解析：考查冠詞辨析。題意為“David是一位歌手，他認(rèn)為這是一份有趣的工作?！辈欢ü谠~a,an表示泛指。本題兩處空格均表泛指，并且interesting以元音因素開頭，所以前用an，故選D。2.考查不定冠詞的用法。表示“一個”，題意為“因為Tim非常喜歡遵義，他買了一張去遵義的單程票?！惫蔬xB。3.考查不定冠詞的用法。泛指“一個”，并且old以元音因素開頭，故選B。4.news不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞前不加冠詞。感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞！故選D。5.考查定冠詞的用法，根據(jù)It’sJune22可知表示特指，用定冠詞the，故選C。6.形容詞最高級前用定冠詞the，GreatWall長城，專有名詞前用定冠詞，題意為“北京是中國最大的城市之一，因長城而有名?！惫蔬xD。7.表示球類運(yùn)動的名詞前不加冠詞，playbasketball打籃球。題意為“我的朋友擅長打籃球?！惫蔬xD。答案：1-5DBBDC6-7DD基礎(chǔ)演練一、單項選擇1.Howabouttaking_______shortbreak?Iwanttomake_______call.A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a2.Ilookedunder______bedandfound_______booksIlostlastweek.A.the;aB.the;theC./;theD.the;/3.Ilike______colorofyourskirt.Itis______goodmatchforyoublouse.A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the4.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross_____continent.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/5.What______pitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceive_______prize.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;theD.the;the二、在下列空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需要冠詞處畫/。1.Thereis________pictureof________elephanton______wall.2.________elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse.3.________doctortoldhimtotake________medicinethreetimes______day.4.Let’sgoourfor______walk.5._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China.鞏固提高一、在下列空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需要冠詞處畫/。1.Thisis_______usefulbook.I’vereaditfor______hour.2._________sunrisesin_______east.3.Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime?4.Hejoined________armyin_______springof1995.5.________oldmanis______teacher.Helikesplaying______basketballafter_______supper.6.It’shot.Open_______door,please.7.Thereis_______womanoverthere._______womanisMeimei’smother.8.WashingtonD.C.is________capitalof_______USA.9.________Turnersarelivingattheendof________TurnerStreet.10.AfterIhad________quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.二、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子不要把我與別人比較。Don’t_________________________________________.2.我們必須堅持跑下去直到到達(dá)終點。Wehaveto_______________untilwe________________.他下決心要學(xué)好英語。He____________________________tolearnEnglishwell.我真的很激動能有機(jī)會看到這些美景。Iwasreally_________to______________toseethebeautifulviews.David戴上眼鏡看起來很酷。Davidlooksverycool________________________.6.Tom和Kate都喜歡旅游。__________Tom_________Kateliketravelling.7.她想了很多，該怎么過這個寒假。She________________________howto_________thiswintervacation.8.作者把生活比作旅行。Thewriter________________________ajourney.9.我們應(yīng)該勇敢地面對失敗。We______________________bravely.10.互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使我們的生活變得容易和方便。Internet________ourlives______________________________.答案基礎(chǔ)演練一、單項選擇1-5DBCBC二、在下列空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需要冠詞處畫/。1.a;an;the2.The;the3.The;/;a4.a5.The;the;/鞏固提高一、在下列空白處填入適當(dāng)冠詞，不需要冠詞處畫/。1.a;an2.The;the3.a4.the;the5.The;a;/;/6.the7.a;the8.the;the9.The;/10.a二、根據(jù)中文提示完成句子1.comparemewith/toothers/otherpeople2.keeprunning;gottothefinishingline3.makes/madeuphismind4.excited;haveachance5.withglasses6.Both;and7.thoughtalotabout;spend8.comparedlifeto9.shouldfacefailure10.makes;easyandconvenient一、單項選擇1.Jacks’hobbyistoplay__________chess.A.aB.anC.theD./2.Janeis________16-year-oldstudentin_________UnitedStates.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;/D.the;the3.---HasMaryevervisitedTowerBridge?---Yes.She_________ittwoyearsago.A.visitsB.visitedC.hasvisitedD.wasvisiting4.---Thisisthe______timethatIcometoParis.Ihavebeentheretwice.---Metoo.TheworldissolargethatIwanttoseemoreofit.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last5.Whenyouplaysports,youneedtoguard_______accidents.A.overB.againstC.withD.at6.Peterreturnedthewallettothepolice.Hewas_______honestboy.A.aB.anC.the D./7.---Youlookedtired.Why?.---I_______theFragrantHilltoseetheredleavesyesterday.A.climb B.climbedC.haveclimbed D.wasclimbing8.Shanghaiisalargeandmoderncity,_______hasmanybeautifulplaces.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whom9.ItistruethatShakespeare’splays________bymanypeopleeveryyear.A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen10.Inordertoreachhisgoal,hehas________allkindsofdifficulties.A.overcome B.thrownC.madeD.found二、完形填空Duringsummervacations,Iwouldvolunteeratthepetrescue(救助)centre,soIcouldseealotofdogs.Minniewasthefunniest-lookingdogI'deverseenbyfar.Herbodylookedlikeasausage.Herhairwastoothinto1herbody.Hereyesalwaysseemedsurprised,andhertailwassoshortthatitlookedlikearat’stail.Shelookedsostrangethather2didn’twantheranymore.Shewasbroughttothecentre.ButIthought,“Minniewaskindandsweet.Nooneshouldlaughatherstrangelooking.”SoIgaveMinnieagoodbathand3herinthenewspaper:“Funny-lookingdog,kindandsweet,needsloving4.”Later,aboycalledme,butIwarnedhimthatMinniewas5.However,theboytoldmethathisgrandfather’ssixteen-year-olddoghadjustdied.TheywantedtokeepMinnieverymuch.Hearingthesewords,IsaidthattheycouldtakeMinnieaway.Icombed(梳)herhair,andgaveheragoodbath.Thenwewaitedforthemtoarrive.Atlast,anoldcarstoppedinfrontofthepetrescuecentre.Twokids6tothedoor.TheyputMinnieintotheirarmsandrushedouttotheirgrandfather,whowaswaitinginthecar.Ihurriedbehindthemtoseehisreaction(反應(yīng)).Insidethecar,thegrandfatherputMinnieinhisarmsand7hersofthair.Shelookedveryrelaxedandhappy.“She’sperfect,andIlikeher!”theoldmansaid.Iwas8thatMinniehadfoundagoodowner.Justatthattime,Isawthatthegrandfather’seyeswereamilkywhitecolor—hewasblind.Afterthatsummervacation,ImissedMinniesomuch.SoIwentbacktothegrandfather’shouse.ThegrandfatherwaswalkinginthegardenwithMinnie9theway.Icouldseebothofthemwerehappy.“Minnieisthemostbeautifuldoginmyeyes,”saidthegrandfather,“I’ve10felthappierbefore!”Hearingthis,Iwasprettyhappy!1.A.hide B.warm C.protectD.cover2.A.owner B.leader C.teacher D.partner3.A.introduced B.reportedC.praised D.advertised4.A.school B.family C.hospital D.zoo5.A.sick B.dirty C.ugly D.dangerous6.A.jumped B.stepped C.walked D.raced7.A.tidied B.cleaned C.touched D.pulled8.A.peaceful B.thankful C.careful D.powerful9.A.leading B.taking C.giving D.making10.A.just B.ever C.never D.still答案 單項選擇1-5DABCB 6-10BBCDA完形填空1-5DADBC 6-10DCBAC__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、單項選擇1.

We

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national

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every

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A.

in

B.

at

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on

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for

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Li

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hard,

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became

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great

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or

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so

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but

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sport

do

you

like

______,

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course.

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favorite

sports

star.

A.

well

B.

better

C.

best

D.

the

best

4.

---What’s

your

grandma

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Ellen?

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flowers

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waters

B.

will

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watered

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is

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5.---Must

I

finish

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you

______.You

can

make

it

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A.

needn’t

B.

mustn’t

C.

can’t

D.

shouldn’t(附：單選1-5,

北京市朝陽區(qū)2014—2015學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末檢測九年級英語試卷)二、閱讀理解AAlexandEmilyGodfreyhadbeeninJapanwiththeirparentsfornearlyaweek.Theyweretheretovisittheirmother’soldcollegeroommate,whohadmovedtoJapantoteachEnglish.ThenshefellinlovewiththecountryandmarriedaJapanese.“What'sourplanfortheafternoon?”askedAlexafterlunchoneday.“Well,”saidMr.Ito,“wehaveticketsfora4:00baseballgame.”“IhadnoideabaseballwaspopularinJapan,”repliedAlex.Afewhourslater,theItosandtheGodfreyswereseatedinsidethestadiumamongacrowdofexcitedfans.“Arethosecheerleaders?”askedEmily.Shewaspointingtoagroupofmenontheballfieldwholedthecrowdinchantsandcheers.Mrs.Itonodded,“IforgetthatAmericansdon'thavecheerleadersforbaseballgames.That'sthedifferencebetweenAmericanandJapanesebaseballculture.”“Baseballisn’tmycupoftea,buttoday’sgamepromisestobeagoodone.ThetwoteamsarethebestinJapan,“Mr.Itoadded.Oncethegamebegan,EmilyandAlexfoundthegameitselfdidn'tseemmuchdifferentatallfromtheAmericanbaseballgames.Theyweresurprised,though,toseepeoplewavingAmericanflagsfromtimetotime.Mr.Itoexplained,“Japaneseteamsareeachallowedtohavethreeforeignplayers.WhenAmericanplayerscomeuptobat,theirfansshowsupportbywavingyourcountry’sflag.”Attheendofthegame,AlexandEmilyweretired,buttheirmindswereracingwithalltheyhadseeninthegame.“Didyouhaveagoodday,kids?”askedMrs.Godfrey,turningtoAlexandEmily.Theynodded.“Aftertoday,IhaveafeelingthatAmericanbaseballmayneverbequiteasinterestingagain.”saidEmily.1.WhydidAlexandEmilygotoJapan?A.ToteachEnglish. B.Towatchabaseballgame.C.Toliveinthecountry.D.Tovisittheirmother’sfriend.2.WhatdidAlexandEmilyfindaboutbaseballinJapan?A.Baseballwasunpopularinthecountry.B.Japaneseteamshadnoforeignplayers.C.Japanesehadcheerleadersforbaseballgames.D.Japanesehaddifferentrulesofbaseballgames.3.HowdidAlexandEmilyfeelwhentheysawAmericanflags?A.Surprised. B.Proud. C.Excited. D.Nervous.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Mr.Itowasabaseballfan.B.AlexandEmilyenjoyedthegame.C.AlexandEmilyknewnothingaboutbaseball.D.EmilythoughtAmericanbaseballmoreinteresting.BGetitfree!HaveyoueverbeentoShanxiinnorthChina?WouldyouliketoseeforyourselfthedifferentculturesinShanxi?DoyouwanttoexperiencetheYellowRivercultureofChina?ShanxiisoneoftheimportantplacesofChinesecultureandhasbeendescribedastheplaceoforigin(起源)ofancientChina.

ItisproudofthegreatTaihangMountains,theYellowRiverthatraisedthethousand-oldChineseculture,MountWutai,whichisseenasoneofthefourmountainsbyChineseBuddhists(佛教),theYungangGrottoesthatweredoneabout1,600yearsagoandtheancienttownofPingyao—oneofthefourbestkeptoldtownsinthecountry.ThesightandhistoryofShanxihardlyfailtosurprisevisitors.Peoplecanvisitthenobletombs(皇陵)oftheancientJinKingdom,whichdatesback3,000years.TheycanalsoadmireatatraditionalChinesetownbuiltabout600yearsago.ThisisShanxi—ahistoricallyrich,mysterious(神秘的)placeandaplacethatisonly500kilometersawayfromBeijing.Ifyouareinterestedinallthatwasmentionedabove,weareofferingyouaspecialopportunity—afreetriptoShanxi!

Cost:Allliving,food,transportandticketswillbepaidforbyChinaDaily(中國日報).Othercosts(suchasinternationaltelephonecalls,businesscenterservices,roomservice)willnotbecoveredbyChinaDaily.

Requirements:

1.Foreigners(speakexcellentEnglish).

2.Goodatwritingand/orphotography.

3.KnowledgeofChinesecultureispreferred.

Timeandplaceoftrip:

July,2015–TripofthemajormountainsinShanxi.

September,2015–TripofYellowRiverinShanxi.

Deadline:June10,2015

Howtogetitfree:

1.Pleasesendyourpersonalinformationto:events@.Wewillnotsharethepersonalinformationwithanythirdparty.

2.Photographsorwritingareneededifthere’sany.Wealsoencourageyoutowriteaboutthereasonsforjoiningthetripandyourexpectations.Wehopethatthosewhowilljoinuswillwriteabouttheirfeelingsafterwardsandtakeasmanyphotosaspossible,astheywillpostthephotographsorwritingsoftheirsabout“beautifulShanxi”onChinaDaily.

5.WhatisShanxiproudof?A.Modernbuildings.B.Longhistory.C.Greatservice.D.Freetrips.6.

Whocanprobablygetthisopportunity?A.AChinesepainterwithgoodspokenEnglishskills.B.AJapanesephotographerwithgoodwritingskills. C.ABritishsingerwithChineseculturelearningexperience. D.AFrenchmusicianwithunderstandingofChinesehistory.7.Wherewillthepassageprobablyberead?A.Inarestaurantmenu. B.Inahotelnamelist. C.Inastorybook. D.Inanewspaper.8.WhatmayChinaDailydoafterthetrip?A.Getbusywithhundredsofphotos. B.Raisesomemoneytorepairtheloss.C.Collectpersonalinformationemails.D.Writeaboutthecostofthefreetrip.CGreenisanimportantcolorinnature.Itisthecolorofgrassandtheleavesontrees.Itisalsothecolorofmostgrowingplants.Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,freshandgrowing.Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeorfinished.Forexample,agreenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperience,whoisnewtoasituation.Inthefifteenthcentury,agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehorns(角)hadnotyetdeveloped.Acenturylater,agreenhornwasasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinbattle(戰(zhàn)役).Bytheeighteenthcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday—apersonwhoisnewinajob.Someonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb(拇指).Theexpressioncomesfromearlynineteenhundreds.Apersonwithagreenthumbseemstohaveamagictouchthatmakesplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythatthewomannextdoor