新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)第3課筆記

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Cardsend v. 寄, 送 派人打發(fā) 1)加雙賓語(yǔ)send sth. to sb. /send sb. sth. 給某人送(寄)東西send/take children to school：take強(qiáng)調(diào)某人親自送；send則是通過(guò)第三人去送, 如美國(guó)的校車 take flowers to his wife 自己送send flowers to his wife 叫店里的人送2）加單賓語(yǔ) send sth 寄什么東

2、西 send a lettersend sb 打發(fā)某人 send the children to bed 打發(fā)孩子去睡覺(jué)3)短語(yǔ)：send/give sb my love 代向致意Please send your sister my love.= Please send my love to your sister.請(qǐng)把我的問(wèn)候帶給你的姐姐。類似的表達(dá)問(wèn)候還可以說(shuō)：Please say hello/hi to your sister.(比較口語(yǔ)化) Remember me to your sister.(比較正式)Give my regards to your sister.（更加正式）4)s

3、end for sb/sth 派人去請(qǐng)（叫）send for a doctor派人去請(qǐng)醫(yī)生 send for a taxi派人去叫出租車postcard n. 明信片兩個(gè)爆破音在一起，前者失去爆破音。這里/t/和/k/前者失去爆破音name card /visiting card 名片 credit card 信用卡Here is my name card. (口語(yǔ)常用, 同時(shí)伴隨著遞出的動(dòng)作) ID(identity) card 身份證 (ID 身份)ones best card 某人的王牌，絕招cash card 現(xiàn)金卡儲(chǔ)蓄卡工資卡(不能透支)post n./v. 郵 寄 post-bag

4、郵袋post-code 郵編post office 郵局 postman post mark郵戳spoil(spoiled，spoilt) v. 使索然無(wú)味, 損壞過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞有兩種變化，類似的還有dream英式英語(yǔ)中多用不規(guī)則形式 dreamt spoilt美式英語(yǔ)中多用規(guī)則形式 dreamed spoiled無(wú)論英美，過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用不規(guī)則形式a spoilt child 一個(gè)被慣壞的孩子spoilt milk vt. 弄壞，損壞，糟蹋 The rain spoiled the school sports. 這場(chǎng)雨把學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)弄得一團(tuán)糟。The sad news spoiled o

5、ur weekend.這不幸的消息使我們沒(méi)能過(guò)好周末。 vt. 寵壞，慣壞，溺愛(ài)Dont spoil your children. 不能太慣孩子。Julie loves her son too much. She has spoiled him. 朱莉太愛(ài)她的兒子了。她把他慣壞了。spoil: 把東西質(zhì)量變差; 生活中不順心的事;寵壞, 溺愛(ài)；spoil主要指精神上的break: 打破; break the windows 打破玻璃damage dmd: 破壞, 程度不一定很重destroy dstr : 破壞, 徹底摧毀以上三個(gè)指物理上的破壞;museum n. 博物館Palace Muse

6、um 故宮public adj. 公共的 adj. 公共的，公眾的，社會(huì)的(尤作定語(yǔ))There is a public library in this town.這鎮(zhèn)上有一個(gè)公共圖書館。I always sit in public gardens on Sundays.星期天我經(jīng)常去公園坐坐。the public highway公路 adj. 公開的，眾人皆知的Their secret meeting was made public 20 years later.public house(酒吧簡(jiǎn)稱pub) public place 公共場(chǎng)所in public 公開的；in private 私

7、下里的Lets have a conversation in private.讓我們私下談?wù)?-Why not have a conversation in public? 為什么不公開談呢?(當(dāng)面說(shuō)呢?) n. 公眾，群眾，大眾The public is/are pleased with his explanation. 公眾對(duì)他的解釋很滿意。The museum is open to the public on Sunday. 這家博物館星期天對(duì)公眾開放friendly adj. 友好的。雖然friendly是以-ly結(jié)尾，在拼法上與許多副詞一樣，但它卻是形容，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)一般做定語(yǔ)；作狀語(yǔ)

8、表人做什么事情很友好, 用短語(yǔ)in a friendly wayHe always greets me in a friendly way.他總是親切地和我打招呼。She gave me a friendly greeting.她友好地和我打了一下招呼。He is not very friendly to John.他對(duì)約翰不太友善。以-ly結(jié)尾的形容詞還有l(wèi)ovely孤獨(dú)的，brotherly兄長(zhǎng)般的，fatherly，manly，motherly silly蠢的make friends with sb 和某人交朋友waiter n. 服務(wù)員, 招待員waiter(男服務(wù)員), waitre

9、ss(女服務(wù)員), 只出現(xiàn)在餐館里 chief waiter 領(lǐng)班 shop assistant 商店里的店員 attendant n. (其他公共場(chǎng)所的)服務(wù)員lend v. 借給 lend to(借出)：lend sth. to sb/lend sb. sth.borrow from(借進(jìn))：borrow sth. from sb./borrow sth. (borrow不能用 borrow sb sth.)Can you lend me 200 yuan?你能借給我200無(wú)錢嗎He borrowed my pen yesterday. 他昨天借了我的鋼筆lend sb a hand=gi

10、ve sb help 幫誰(shuí)忙 給某人以幫助lend sb an ear （耐心地）傾聽(tīng)be living on borrowed time大難不死decision n. 決定 decied v. 決定make /take/reach/ a decision作出決定It was not easy for me to make/take this decision.make a big/great decision 做個(gè)重大決定(big：重大；great：偉大, 更重大) decied v. 決定decied to do相當(dāng)于make up ones mind to do決定做I decided

11、to study another foreign language.我決定再學(xué)一門外語(yǔ)。whole 1）adj. 表示“整整的”、“整個(gè)的”：a whole bottle of milk 一整瓶牛奶the whole，the whole day 整天 ，two whole weeks 整整兩星期all the，all the day (the可省略) 整天a whole year一整年 a whole day 一整天all of后面如果加代詞, 代詞前面不需要修飾詞；一旦要加名詞, 前面一定要加theall of us；all of the students2）n. 整個(gè) 整體Two halv

12、es make a whole兩個(gè)一半構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體。as a whole 整個(gè)地 wholesale 批發(fā) retail零售on the whole 總的來(lái)說(shuō)，一般來(lái)講single 1)adj. 唯一的, 單一的 反義詞double 雙倍的a single/round ticket 單程/往返票2)adj.未婚的，獨(dú)身的 single men and women3)單獨(dú)一人使用的 a single/double bed單/雙人床4)adj.single-parent 單親的【課文講解】（37分）1、Postcards always spoil my holidays.Last summer,

13、I went to Italy. a holiday 一天的假期holiday 較長(zhǎng)的假期 go on holiday 去度假be on holiday 正在度假 holidays 較長(zhǎng)（不能指一天）的假期 vacation vken 法定假日（宗教假日、國(guó)家慶典）英美都用holiday，每年的例行休假，英國(guó)用holiday,美用vacationleave雇員因某種原因而獲準(zhǔn)的休假ask for a leave請(qǐng)假 take French leave（英）不辭而別eave in an English style （法）不辭而別last： adj. 上一個(gè)last summer adj. 最后一

14、個(gè)，表示“最后一個(gè)”時(shí)要加冠詞the the last day 最后一天 (具體到一天及一天的早中晚都要用on)2、A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. 一位好客的服務(wù)員教了我?guī)拙湟獯罄Z(yǔ)。teach sb. sth. 教某人某事 He teaches us English. teach myself English 自學(xué)英語(yǔ)teach sb.a lesson / give sb.a lesson 教訓(xùn)某人一頓teach sb. to do sth. 教某人去做某事teach fish to swim 班門弄斧語(yǔ)言不可數(shù), 所以

15、要用a little Italian或a few words of Italian I can speak a little English/a few words of English. a few可與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用，表示肯定，含有some, a small number of（一些，少數(shù)幾個(gè)）的意思：The police would like to ask him a few questions.警察要問(wèn)他一些問(wèn)題。Mother is coming in a few days.媽媽過(guò)幾天就要來(lái)了。Italian于Italy 注意重讀音的位置不同have a word in sbs ear

16、和說(shuō)句悄悄話have a word with sb和說(shuō)一句話have a words with sb和吵架have word from sb聽(tīng)到，收到的消息3、Then he lent me a book. 之后還借給我一本書。像send, buy, give等動(dòng)詞一樣，lend可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)：一個(gè)直接賓語(yǔ)（通常指物），一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)（通常指人）。（cf. 本課語(yǔ)法）在這句話中，lend的直接賓語(yǔ)為a book，間接賓語(yǔ)為me。lend sb sthWould you lend me your pen?能把你的筆借我用一下嗎？Yesterday I lent my dictionary to M

17、ary.昨天我把字典借給了瑪麗。4but I did not understand a word.但一個(gè)字也不懂。nota的否定意義比單用not要強(qiáng)。課文的最后一句加了single”，語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng)。試比較：5、Every day I thought about postcards. think about/of +n./doing 考慮, 思考，指某一段時(shí)間一直在想/考慮某事, think of還可指想到I often think about the lovely holiday we had last year. 我經(jīng)?；叵胛覀?nèi)ツ甓冗^(guò)的愉快的假期。What are you thinking a

18、bout? 你在想什么？Im thinking about my friends.我在想我的朋友們。What do you think of TV program last night?你覺(jué)得昨晚的電視節(jié)目怎么樣?think over 仔細(xì)考慮，反復(fù)思考Whats the weather like today? cold, chilly tl (非常非常冷), freeze fri:z Ill freeze.我要凍僵了6、make a big decision, 作出一項(xiàng)重大決定。make/take a decision dsn, 作出決定。這是個(gè)常用的詞語(yǔ)搭配，可以靈活使用：It was n

19、ot easy for me to make/ take this decision. 對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)作出這項(xiàng)決定并不容易。You have made/taken a wrong decision.你作出了個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定。Have you made/taken a decision?你決定了嗎？7、I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!我在房間里關(guān)了整整一天spend人做主語(yǔ)，與表示時(shí)間的詞或短語(yǔ)連和時(shí)，意思為“花(時(shí)間)”、“度過(guò)”. spend+時(shí)間+地點(diǎn) : 在什么地點(diǎn)花費(fèi)/度過(guò)了多少時(shí)間I spe

20、nd three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)spend+time/money/ energy+(in）doing/on sth表示做什么或?yàn)槭裁椿硕嗌贂r(shí)間/金錢/精力I cant spend any more on this car. 我不能再為這車花錢了。energy end【Key structures】一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的而現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束的事件、動(dòng)作或情況。它通常指動(dòng)作何時(shí)發(fā)生，而不指動(dòng)作持續(xù)多久。Do you

21、ever catch a cold in the winter? Yes, I caught a cold last winter.【Special Difficulties】 直接賓語(yǔ)與間接賓語(yǔ)雙賓語(yǔ)：許多及物動(dòng)詞后可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)(表示動(dòng)作結(jié)果，動(dòng)作所涉及的事物)和間接賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)作目標(biāo)，動(dòng)作是誰(shuí)做的或?yàn)檎l(shuí)做的，通常是人)。這類動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive, show, send, bring, lend, tell, return, write, pay, teach, make, buy, find等。間接賓語(yǔ)大多數(shù)情況下置于直接賓語(yǔ)之前，緊跟動(dòng)詞；不過(guò)，如想要強(qiáng)調(diào)直接賓語(yǔ)，也可將它置于動(dòng)詞之后

22、、間接賓語(yǔ)之前。如果間接賓語(yǔ)在后，間接賓主前必須加“to”(表示動(dòng)作對(duì)什么人做)或“for”(表示動(dòng)作為什么人而做)。give sb. sth./give sth to sb間接賓語(yǔ)在后面時(shí), 其前必須加to(對(duì)而言)或for(為而做)?？梢苑g為“給”、“替”、“為”的，就用for；如果只能翻譯為“給”的, 就用to與to相連的give, take, pass, read, sell, buy，pay，hand，bring，show，promise，offer，owetake flowers to my wife.與for相連的 buy, order, make, findI buy a book for you ./make a cake for youfind sth. for sb./do sb. a favor 幫某人一個(gè)忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me? 幫我個(gè)忙Can I order