適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)Unit4NaturalDisasters新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSⅠ.閱讀理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龍卷風(fēng)).Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(發(fā)電機(jī))andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.BScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黃)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.NowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.Ⅱ.七選五(2024九省適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)CommonMistakesNewRunnersMakeRunningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterfere(阻礙)withtrainingorleadtoinjury.1,keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.

·DoingtoomuchtoosoonOneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.2.

·3

Beginnersmightthinktheyneedtoruneveryday(ornearlyeveryday)tomeettheirfitnessorweight-lossgoals,butthiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Runningisahigh-impactactivitywhichcanbereallyhardonyourbody.Soit’simportanttogiveyourbodyarestbetweenworkouts.·Notwearingtherightequipment4,it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts.Themostimportantpieceofequipmentforrunningisagoodpairofrunningshoes,sobesuretodosomeresearchbeforeyoupurchaseapair.Visitarunningspecialtystoreandaskanemployeetofityouforashoe.

?Runningthroughpain5.Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.Remember:Itdoesn’tmakeyoulessofarunnerifyoulistentoyourbodytokeepithealthy.

A.NottakingrestdaysB.Ifyou’rejuststartingoutC.ComparingyourselftoothersD.RunningcanbeuncomfortableattimesE.It’simportantnottousethesamemusclesF.Whileitmaybetruethatyoudon’tneedexpensiveequipmenttotakeuprunningG.Expertssuggestincreasingyourrunningdistancebynomorethan10%eachweekⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShenNongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.(they).

Since200BCE,gojiberries4.(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.InChina,gojiberriesareknown5.“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,ShenNongBenCaoJing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus8.(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化劑),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

InChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.Ⅳ.應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作假定你是李華,上周你校舉辦了手工制作活動(dòng),活動(dòng)用料全部來(lái)自生活中的可回收材料。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇短文,內(nèi)容包括:1.活動(dòng)目的;2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容;3.你的感受。留意:1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請(qǐng)?jiān)谙鄳?yīng)位置作答。AHandcraftMakingActivity_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了Triplett在暴風(fēng)雪后組織摯友對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厥転?zāi)兒童進(jìn)行捐贈(zèng)的故事。1.B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的“Triplett...withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes.”可知,作為當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦乃麄儏s平安的緣由是災(zāi)難發(fā)生之際他們都沒(méi)有回到受災(zāi)區(qū)。2.D微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的“Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.”可知,當(dāng)晚Triplett回到避難所后看到了很多災(zāi)民,其中一位母親正在撫慰因無(wú)法慶祝圣誕而難受的兒子,讓他冷靜下來(lái)。3.D微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段的“Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgeneratorsandbottledwater,...purchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.”以及“Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.”可知,Triplett給災(zāi)區(qū)兒童們的捐贈(zèng)物主要是玩具、棋盤(pán)嬉戲等消遣用品。4.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的“Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning...tohelphoweverhecould.”;“Thatnight...theirlostChristmas.”以及最終一段的“Hecredits...theholidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避難所的景象并為之動(dòng)容,從而確定組織捐贈(zèng)?？梢酝茢喑?Triplett是一個(gè)富有憐憫心的且熱心腸的人?！菊Z(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué),地球內(nèi)核的自轉(zhuǎn)速度可能比地球慢,但這一發(fā)覺(jué)并非全部人都認(rèn)可,仍須要進(jìn)一步弄清原委發(fā)生了什么。5.D推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段可知,本段主要介紹的是地球內(nèi)核的構(gòu)造,與雞蛋的構(gòu)造有相像之處,所以,此處提到雞蛋是以此來(lái)說(shuō)明地球內(nèi)核構(gòu)造。6.D微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.”和“TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.”可知,20世紀(jì)90年頭對(duì)地球內(nèi)核的探討發(fā)覺(jué),地球內(nèi)核的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向與地球相同,但速度略快。7.C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段可知,探討結(jié)果并非全部人都認(rèn)可,仍須要進(jìn)一步弄清原委發(fā)生了什么,由此可知,這項(xiàng)探討須要進(jìn)一步證明。8.A推理推斷題。依據(jù)首段可知,本文講解并描述的是科學(xué)探討發(fā)覺(jué),地球內(nèi)核可能比地球旋轉(zhuǎn)得更慢,下文對(duì)此探討進(jìn)行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科學(xué)探討報(bào)告。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤。1.B上文“Runningisagreatwaytogetinshapeandjustabouteveryonecandoit.However,manymakeanumberofcommonmistakes,whichcaninterferewithtrainingorleadtoinjury.”指出跑步時(shí)有些人會(huì)犯一些常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤,這些錯(cuò)誤可能會(huì)干擾訓(xùn)練或?qū)е率軅?下文“keepthesethingsinmindtohelpyouincreaseyourchancesofrunningsuccess.”可知,空處是狀語(yǔ)從句,B項(xiàng)“假如你剛剛起先”符合。故選B項(xiàng)。2.G上文“Oneofthebiggestmistakesnewrunnersmakeisdoingtoomuchtoosoon.Slowlyeasingintoatrainingprogramwillhelpreducetheriskofinjury,soyoucancontinueonwithyournewrunningroutine.”指出剛起先跑步的人會(huì)跑得太快,所以要漸漸進(jìn)入訓(xùn)練,不要跑太多太快,G項(xiàng)“專(zhuān)家建議每周增加跑步距離不超過(guò)10%”符合,指出不要跑太多。故選G項(xiàng)。3.A此處是本段小標(biāo)題,即新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一,由本段內(nèi)容可知,新手跑步者不休息,A項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有休息日”符合。故選A項(xiàng)。4.F依據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Notwearingtherightequipment”可知,本段主要介紹了新手跑步者常犯的錯(cuò)誤之一是沒(méi)有佩戴合適的裝備,下文“it’simportantthatyouwearproperlyforyourworkouts”強(qiáng)調(diào)跑步時(shí)正確穿著很重要,空處也應(yīng)與“佩戴合適的裝備”有關(guān),F項(xiàng)“雖然你可能的確不須要昂貴的設(shè)備來(lái)起先跑步”符合,其中“equipment”呼應(yīng)本段標(biāo)題中的“therightequipment”。故選F項(xiàng)。5.D下文“Ifsomethinghurtswhenyourun,youneedtostopandtreatthepain.”指出跑步時(shí)假如感到難受,應(yīng)當(dāng)停下來(lái),這說(shuō)明有時(shí)候跑步會(huì)讓人感到難受,D項(xiàng)“跑步有時(shí)會(huì)感到不舒適”符合。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅲ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)草藥中的枸杞。1.which考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是前面整句話的內(nèi)容,關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which。2.treatment/treatments考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:據(jù)說(shuō)神農(nóng)皇帝嘗過(guò)100種草藥,這使他能夠教中國(guó)人如何在飲食和治療疾病中運(yùn)用它們。and連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞,可以用單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞。故填treatment或treatments。3.them考查代詞。句意:這些草藥有助于身體保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介詞后用賓語(yǔ),故填them。4.havebeenused考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)。依據(jù)Since200BCE可知,此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語(yǔ)g