高中英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí) 英語語法專題：形容詞和副詞

形容詞和副詞01形容詞和副詞1.形容詞和副詞的句法作用

|2.形容詞變副詞的方法

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3.形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)

4.形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)

|5.形容詞和副詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)I.單句語法填空|II.單句改錯(cuò)|III.翻譯句子|IV.語法填空

|V.短文改錯(cuò)06針對(duì)訓(xùn)練

高中英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞是歷年高考的必考點(diǎn)。形容詞主要用來修飾名詞和代詞，表示事物或人的性質(zhì)和特征。副詞主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞甚至是句子。形容詞和副詞一、形容詞和副詞的句法作用形容詞的句法作用形容詞主要修飾名詞或代詞，在句中主要作定語，表語和補(bǔ)足語。1Thereisabeautifulparkinthecenterofthecity.在城市中心有一座美麗的公園。Thefilmisbothinspiringandinteresting.這部電影既有趣又令人振奮。Wemustkeepourcitycleanandtidy.我們必須讓我們的城市干凈整潔。一、形容詞和副詞的句法作用副詞的句法作用副詞在句子中主要用作狀語，用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和其他副詞，有時(shí)還可修飾短語和句子。1XiaoLiworksveryhardinthefactoryeveryday.小李每天在工廠里努力工作。Heusuallygetsupatsixandheisneverlateforclass.他每天6點(diǎn)起床，從未上課遲到。Luckily，hemanagedtoclimbupthesteephill.幸運(yùn)的是，他爬上了這座陡峭的山。二、形容詞變副詞的方法一般在形容詞的詞尾加-ly將其變成副詞。如quick—quickly，slow—slowly，loud—loudly，sudden—suddenly等。1一些以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞，要把-y改為-i，再加-ly。如happy—happily，angry—angrily，lucky—luckily，heavy—heavily，noisy—noisily等。2有些以-ble或-le結(jié)尾的形容詞，去掉-e再加-y。如happy—happily，angry—angrily，lucky—luckily，heavy—heavily，noisy—noisily等。3二、形容詞變副詞的方法一少數(shù)以-e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉-e再加-ly。如true—truly等。但絕大多數(shù)以-e結(jié)尾的形容詞仍然直接加-ly。如polite—politely，wide—widely，immediate—immediately等。4以-l結(jié)尾的形容詞要在詞尾加-ly，以-ll結(jié)尾的形容詞要在詞尾加-y。如usual—usually，careful—carefully，useful—usefully，full—fully等。5三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成規(guī)則——規(guī)則變化1構(gòu)成例詞原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)的詞一般情況下直接加-er和-estsmallsmallersmallestgreatgreatergreatesthardharderhardest以e結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)以-ble結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞加-r和-stnicenicernicestcutecutercutestableablerablest三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成規(guī)則——規(guī)則變化1構(gòu)成例詞原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾，且前面只有一個(gè)元音的詞，雙寫輔音字母后再加-er和-estfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnesthothotterhottest以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的詞，先把y變?yōu)閕再加-er和-esteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成規(guī)則——規(guī)則變化1構(gòu)成例詞原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)少數(shù)以-er，-ow結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，加-er和-estclevercleverercleverestnarrownarrowernarrowest其他雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞一般在前面加more和mostcarefulmorecarefulmostcarefulefficientlymoreefficientlymostefficiently三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)構(gòu)成規(guī)則——不規(guī)則變化1原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good，wellbetterbestbad，illworseworstmany，muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)基本用法——平級(jí)比較2①as＋原級(jí)adj./adv.＋as...和······一樣notas/so＋原級(jí)adj./adv.＋as...不如······Theoldmanwalksasfastas

ayoungman.這位老人走路和年輕人一樣快。三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)基本用法——平級(jí)比較2②as＋原級(jí)adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as...跟······一樣Ourneighborhasasbig

ahouseasours.我們鄰居的房子和我們的一樣大。三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)基本用法——比較級(jí)2①比較級(jí)＋than...比······更；less...than不如······Thisyeartheyhaveproducedlessgrainthantheydidlastyear.今年他們生產(chǎn)的谷物比去年少。三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)基本用法——比較級(jí)2②the＋比較級(jí)...the＋比較級(jí)越······，越······It'sbelievedthattheharder

youwork，thebetter

resultyou'llget.人們相信你工作越努力，你獲得的結(jié)果越好。三、形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)基本用法——比較級(jí)2③the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthe＋名詞/代詞，兩者中“較······的”Whoistheyoungerofthetwoboys?兩個(gè)男孩中誰較??？

[名師指津]

倍數(shù)表達(dá)法·倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)形容詞(副詞)＋as...·倍數(shù)＋thesize/length/width/depth/heightof...·倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than＋被比較對(duì)象Thisroomis3timesasbigas

thatone.＝Thisroomis3timesbiggerthan

thatone.＝Thisroomis3timesthesizeof

thatone.這個(gè)房間是那個(gè)房間的三倍大。四、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)三者或三者以上的比較用最高級(jí)。表示范圍的標(biāo)志詞有in，of，among等。Raymond'sparentswantedhimtohavethebest

possibleeducation.雷蒙德的父母想讓他接受最好的教育。1四、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)最高級(jí)的修飾語常見的有：序數(shù)詞，byfar，nearly，almost等。Thisisbyfarthemostinspiring

moviethatIhaveeverseen.這是我曾看過的最鼓舞人心的電影了。2四、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)最高級(jí)含義的其他表達(dá)法。(1)“否定詞語＋比較級(jí)”或“否定詞語＋such/so...as”結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)含義?！狣oyouthinkthattheChineseNationalGameswereasuccess?—Yes，absolutely!Itcouldn'tbebetter.——你認(rèn)為這屆中國(guó)全運(yùn)會(huì)成功嗎？——是的，絕對(duì)成功！沒有比它更好的了。3四、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)最高級(jí)含義的其他表達(dá)法。(2)比較級(jí)形式表示最高級(jí)含義。Juliaistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.＝Juliaistallerthanalltheothergirlsinherclass.＝Juliaisthetallestgirlinherclass.朱莉婭是她班上最高的女生。3anyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)比較級(jí)+than+alltheother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)anything/anyoneelse四、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)thelast表示“最不可能的”“最不適合的”“最不希望的”等。Thelast

thingtheywantistoworkintheredareaswherelifeishard.他們最不樂意的是在生活艱難的紅色區(qū)域里工作。4五、形容詞和副詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)下列單詞以“-ly”結(jié)尾，但卻是形容詞而非副詞lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely(可能的)，brotherly，timely(及時(shí)的)等。It'slikelythatwewilllosethegame.我們可能會(huì)輸?shù)暨@場(chǎng)比賽。1五、形容詞和副詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)有無-ly的副詞的區(qū)別一般情況下，不帶-ly的副詞表示具體概念，而帶-ly的副詞表示抽象概念。close表示空間距離，closely仔細(xì)地deep表示空間深度，deeply深深地wide表示空間寬度，widely廣泛地free免費(fèi)地，freely自由地late晚，lately最近2五、形容詞和副詞的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)有無-ly的副詞的區(qū)別2

[名師指津]

direct與directly的用法區(qū)別：兩者均可表示“徑直地”、“直接地”，但direct通常只位于動(dòng)詞之后，而directly則可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。ThetraingoesdirectfromBeijingtoQingdao.火車從北京直達(dá)青島。Hisspeechdirectlyaffectedthestrike.他的演講直接影響了罷工。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Even_______________

(bad)，theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)2．TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost_______________

(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)3．Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen_____________(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)4．Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis_______________

(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)5．Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_______________

(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)

worsesuccessful

fairly

certainly

officiallyⅠ.單句語法填空6．Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識(shí)別)thoseof_______________

(great)andlessimportance.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)7．ThemoreIthoughtaboutit，the_______________

(bad)mymoodbecame.8．Oneofthe_______________

(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher，MsChen.9．Thenewgroupofstudentsisbetter-behavedthantheothergroupwhostayedhere_______________

(early)．10．Ofthetwoboys，Jimisthe_______________

(young)one，andheisalsotheonewholovestobenoisy.

greater

worse

worst

earlier

youngerⅠ.單句語法填空11．AtthattimeIknewithadtobeasignificantdaytothem.Nothingcouldbe_______________

(good)ifsomeoneofferedtohelpthem.12．Whenyougoout，farawayfromyour_______________

(day)life，youwillhavealotofexcitingmemories.13．Asweknow，thegreaterdifficultywemeetonourwaytosuccess，the_______________

(likely)wewillbeabletoachieveourgoals.14．IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare_______________

(meaningful)thingstodo.15．Thetreatmentsheprovidedgavemyparents_______________

(value)timetotakemetothehospital.

better

daily

morelikelymoremeaningful

valuableⅠ.單句語法填空16．ChopsticksoriginatedinChina，buttheyare_______________

(wide)usedinmanyAsiancountries.17．Iwasseriouslyillthatday，but_______________(fortunate),Dadwasn'tathome.18．Buthesaidtheyalsohadmoresugarandsalt，sotheytastedmuch_______________

(good)．19．KeepingadiaryinEnglishisoneofthe_______________

(effective)waystoimproveourEnglishwritingability.20．Shortlyafterthatbirthday，however，lifegaveherthe_______________

(tough)challengeofallasageandillnessstartedtotakehermindfromhertoo.

widelyunfortunately

better

mosteffectivetoughestⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)1．ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)2．Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsandplanes，playingpopmusic，andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)3．Afewminuteslate，theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)4．Theteenageyearsfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)suddenlatestlaterworstⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)5．Atonetime，Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn'tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)6．Hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)7．Ifoundthetestdifficult，butItriedhardlytodoit.8．Don'tpanicorgetoutofline，andtrytoremainquietandcalmly.9．Thatistoomuchforus，consideringhowcloselythehousesare.10．Interesting，ithadaconnectionwith/totheBritishporcelain(瓷器)industry.freesteadilyhardcalmcloseInterestinglyⅢ.翻譯句子1．他集的郵票是我的三倍。2．在隨后的三年里，我們的學(xué)校生活將會(huì)是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。3．現(xiàn)在這個(gè)城市的人口是十年前的十倍。4．在網(wǎng)上搜尋信息要比在圖書館里方便。HiscollectionofstampsisthreetimeswhatIhave.Inthecomingthreeyears，ourschoollifewillbechallenging.Now，thepopulationofthecityistentimesaslargeasitwastenyearsago.SeekinginformationontheInternetismoreconvenientthansearchinginalibrary.Ⅲ.翻譯句子5．病人越早接受治療，康復(fù)的可能性就越大。6．唱歌可以使人放松，幫助減輕壓力。Theearlierthetreatmentisgiven，thebetterthepatient'schances.Singingsongsisrelaxing，whichcanhelpreducestress.Ⅳ.語法填空Facechangingisused1.________(express)thechangingemotionsofcharactersinSichuanOpera.Chinahasanabundanceof1，300localoperas.SichuanOperaisoneofthe2.________(old)localoperasandisthemostimportantandmostinterestingoperaformfromSouthwesternChina.Theoperaischaracterizedbyits3.________(fun)comediansanduniqueskills：facechanging，spittingfireandrollinglight.Facechangingisanimportantintangibleculturalheritage(非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn))inChina.Sofar，onlyafewmasters4.________(grasp)thisskill.Theyknow5.________tochangeSichuanOperamasksinaflash.Astheywavetheirarmsandtwisttheirheads，theirpaintedmaskschangeagainandagain.toexpressoldestfunnyhavegraspedhowⅣ.語法填空Facechanginggotitsstart300yearsago.In6.________beginning，operamasterschangedthecoloroftheirfaceduringperformancesby7.________(blow)intoabowlo