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DiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnit3DiverseCulturesⅠEllipsis
Ellipsis:ThinkandspeakWhatisEllipsisWhyshouldweuseEllipsis為了避免重復(fù),將句子中的一個或幾個成分省去,這種語法現(xiàn)象叫省略。省略是避免重復(fù)、突出新信息并使上下文緊密連接的一種語法手段。IIEllipsisinsimplesentence在簡單句中的省略1.(You)Godownthisstreetandturnrightatthesecondcrossing.2.(Isthere)Anythingelse3.—AreyoufromAmerica—Yes,Iam(fromAmerica).4.Whatabeautifulcity(itis)!1.祈使句的省略。在祈使句中,通常省略主語____________。2.therebe句型省略____________。3.疑問句的答語省略。4.感嘆句的省略。在what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中常省略____________。Ellipsisinsimplesentenceyoutherebe主語和be動詞Compareandfind用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列句子。1.Isthereanyoneheretowaitonus
2.HeisaprogrammerandIamaprogrammer,too.
3.Itsoundsinteresting.
4.Whatacleverboyheis!
即學(xué)即練EllipsisinsimplesentenceAnyoneheretowaitonusHeisaprogrammerandIam,too.Soundsinteresting.Whatacleverboy!Ellipsisincompoundsentence在并列句中的省略Ⅲ1.Tompickedupthebookfromthefloorand(Tom)handedittohisbrother.2.Hisperformancemadeusamused,but(hisperformancemade)himselftired.3.Xiaomingmusthavebeenplayingfootballatthattime,andhissister(musthavebeen)playingthepiano.Ellipsisincompoundsentence1.省略共同的______或賓語。2.若主語與謂語相同,則省略后面的______成分。3.若主語不同,而謂語部分的系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞_________,則省略后面的系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。主語主謂相同Compareandfind用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列句子。1.Iworkinafactoryandmybrotherworksonafarm.→Iworkinafactoryand________________________.2.We’reboundtowinsomeday,butwhenarewetowin→We’reboundtowinsomeday,but__________?即學(xué)即練mybrotheronafarmwhenEllipsisincompoundsentenceEllipsisinclause從句中的省略Ⅳ1.定語從句的省略
Hereistheman(whom)you’vebeenlookingfor.
Thecat(that)Iboughthasacutehead.
Ilikethewayhetalks.如果關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作_______,則關(guān)系代詞可以省略。當先行詞是way,且引導(dǎo)詞在定語從句中________時,關(guān)系詞可以用that、which或省略。Ellipsisinclause賓語狀語2.賓語從句的省略
Hesaid(that)thetextwasveryimportantandthatweshouldlearnitbyheart.
IknowthatamoviestarwillcometoourcitybutIdon’tknowwhen(hewillcometoourcity).
Hesaid(that)thebookwasveryinterestingandthat
(不省略)allthechildrenlikedtoreadit.Ellipsisinclause
及物動詞后接賓語從句時,連接詞_______一般可以省略,但如果及物動詞后接兩個或兩個以上由______引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時,那么只有第一個that可以省略。
when,where,how和why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句有時可以僅保留引導(dǎo)詞。thatthat3.狀語從句的省略
When(thenovelis)published,thenovelwillbecomeoneofthebestsellersoftheyear.
Though(theywere)tired,theywentonworking.
Hedidas(hewas)told.
Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.
Unless(itis)necessary,you’dbetternotrefertothedictionary.Ellipsisinclause
當when,while,if,asif,though,as,until,unless等連接的狀語從句的主語和主句的主語一致,且狀語從句中含有
be動詞或從句的主語為it時,省略狀語從句中的______________。
在than,as等引導(dǎo)的__________狀語從句中常省略某些成分。主語和be動詞比較用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列復(fù)合句。1.Whoisthemanwhomyouweretalkingto→Whoistheman________________________2.Someonehasusedmymobilephone,butIdon’tknowwhohasusedit.→Someonehasusedmymobilephone,butIdon’tknow______.3.Whenitisheated,apieceoficewillturnintowater.→________________,apieceoficewillturnintowater.youweretalkingtowhoWhenheatedEllipsisinclause即學(xué)即練4.Althoughhewashard-working,hecouldn’tearnenoughtosupporthimself.→_____________________,hecouldn’tearnenoughtosupporthimself.5.He’sthemanthatyoucansafelydependon.→He’stheman________________________.6.Theydon’tusemorewaterthanitisnecessary.→Theydon’tusemorewater_______________.Althoughhard-workingyoucansafelydependonthannecessaryEllipsisinclause即學(xué)即練Ellipsisinsubjunctivemood虛擬語氣的省略V1.Weinsistedthatthey(should)gowithus.2.Itisnecessarythatwe(should)learnmorewordsbyheart.3.Hadyoucomehereyesterday,youwouldhavemether.4.WereIyou,Iwouldtakehisadvice.5.Shouldtherebealetterforme,pleasekeepitinthedrawer.Ellipsisinsubjunctivemood
在一堅持(insist),二命令(order,command),三建議(suggest,propose,advise),四要求(demand,require,request,desire)等后的賓語從句中,含這些詞的派生詞的其他主語從句、同位語從句、表語從句,以及Itisstrange/natural/necessary/importantthat...從句中常省略____________。
虛擬條件句常省略______,將were,had,should提前構(gòu)成部分倒裝。ifshouldCompareandfind用省略結(jié)構(gòu)改寫下列各句。1.Ifshewerehere,shewouldagreetoo.→__________________,shewouldagreetoo.2.Heorderedthatweshouldgooutatonce.→Heorderedthat____________________.3.IfThomasEdisonhadstoredhismoney,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.→_________________________________,hewouldhavediedawealthyman.WeresheherewegooutatonceHadThomasEdisonstoredhismoneyEllipsisinsubjunctivemood即學(xué)即練EllipsisinothersituationsVI1.動詞不定式的省略1.—Willyougowithme—Well,I’dliketo(gowithyou).2.Hedidn’tcome,butheoughttohave(come).3.Isawhimentertheroomjustnow.=Hewasseentoentertheroomjustnowbyme.Ellipsisinothersituations
有些動詞(詞組),如want,wish,expect,hope,wouldlike,try,forget等后面的不定式作______時,為了避免重復(fù),可以省略動詞只保留到_____,但如果在省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有系動詞be和助動詞have,這些動詞就要保留。
感官動詞(詞組),see,lookat,hear,listento,notice,watch等和使役動詞make,let,have等的后面作賓補的不定式要省略_____;但此類動詞用于被動語態(tài)時to不可省略。賓語toto1.動詞不定式的省略4.She’dliketotakeoffhercoatandhaveabreak.5.It’smoredifficulttodothantosay.做比說難(強調(diào)語意前后對比)。Ellipsisinothersituations
在某些句式中,如介詞but,except前有動詞do的任何形式,后面的不定式要省略______。
兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時,第一個帶to,后面省去_____;但如果兩個不定式表示對比、對照關(guān)系時,則to不可省略。toto2.介詞的省略1.Shespendshalfanhour(in)doingsomereadingeveryday.2.Wehaveafinalexam(in)everyterm.3.Thereisnosense/point(in)doingsth.4.Itisnogood/use
(in)doingsth.5.Ihavetroubleunderstandingthisproblem.Ellipsisinothersituations
在英語中,一些與動詞、名詞、形容詞搭配的______常被省略,只保留后面的動名詞。如spendtime/money(in)doingsth;havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth;prevent/stopsb(from)doingsth。
表示______的介詞at,on和in在next,last,this,each,these,yesterday,every,tomorrow等詞之前,一般可以省略。介詞時間3.替代性省略—Cantheyfinishtheirworktoday—Ithinkso.—Idon’tthinkso./Ithinknot.Ellipsisinothersituations英語中,可以使用so,_____或其他手段來省略上文或問句中的一部分或整個句子。notTips:hope,guess,beafraid的否定形式只能用not的形式,不能用not...so的形式。 —Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey —Iguessnot.4.比較結(jié)構(gòu)的省略
Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).(你做得)越快(結(jié)果就會)越好。
Manyothersaredoingbetterthanweare(doing).Ellipsisinothersituations在“the+比較級,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)中和由_________和as引導(dǎo)的比較句式中,常會有一些成分在上下文清楚的情況下被省略。thanPage30Activity1Readthefollowingsentencesandfindthewordsthathavebeenomittedtoavoidrepetition.1A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!Mexicancornchipscoveredincheese!B:Me,too.A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!TheyareMexicancornchipscoveredincheese!B:Ilovenachos,too.
2A:Soit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,allinonedishB:Exactly.A:Soit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedishB:Exactly,it’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish.3Arealmixofcultureshere!Thereisarealmixofcultureshere!4Can’twait!Ican’twaittogothere!Activity2Rewritethesentencebytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholidayItsoundslikeagoodidea.YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholidayGoodidea.2Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,buthecouldn’tsolvetheproblems.Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,butcouldn’t.
3Ifitisnecessary,I’llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonasitispossible.Ifnecessary,I’llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonaspossible.4AreyougoingtodresslikethatWearingadressmightbebetterthanwearingjeansandboots.AreyougoingtodresslikethatAdressmightbebetterthanjeansandboots.
5Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenot.6Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook,andmysonlikesthatpaperfoldingbook,too.Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook,andmyson,too.
Activity3Justin:Linlin,I’mgoingtoGuizhouProvincenextmonth.I’msuperexcited!AnyrecommendationsforplacestovisitLinlin:Wow,cool!Guizhouisaprovincewithalotofculturaldiversity.Placestovisit...well,definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallfirst.Justin:What’sspecialaboutthewaterfallLinlin:Well,haveyoueverheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWestJustin:Yes,Ihave.WhyLinlin:Inthebackofthewaterfall,youwillfindacave,whichisthehomeoftheMonkeyKing.Justin:ReallyCool!I’lldefinitelycheckitout.Linlin:AndIstronglyrecommendtheethnicminorityvillages.You’llfindChinesecultureismuchmorediversethanyouthought.Justin:Soundsgreat,thanks!Activity3Justin:Linlin,I’mgoingtoGuizhouProvincenextmonth.I’msuperexcited!AnyrecommendationsforplacestovisitJustin:Linlin,I’mgoingtoGuizhouProvincenextmonth.I’msuperexcited!DoyouhaveanyrecommendationsforplacestovisitinGuizhouProvinceLinlin:Wow,cool!Guizhouisaprovincewithalotofculturaldiversity.Placestovisit...well,definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallfirst.Linlin:Wow,that’scool!Guizhouisaprovincewithalotofculturaldiversity.WhataresomeplacestovisitinGuizhouWell,definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallisthefirstplacetovisitinGuizhouProvince.
Justin:What’sspecialaboutthewaterfallLinlin:Well,haveyoueverheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWestJustin:Yes,Ihave.WhyJustin:Yes,IhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.WhydoyouaskifIhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWestLinlin:Inthebackofthewaterfall,youwillfindacave,whichisthehomeoftheMonkeyKing.Linlin:InthebackoftheHuangguoshuWaterfall,youwillfindacave,whichisthehomeoftheMonkeyKingfromJourneytotheWest.Justin:ReallyCool!I’lldefinitelycheckitout.Justin:That’sreallytrueIt’scool!I’lldefinitelycheckitout.
Linlin:AndIstronglyrecommendtheethnicminorityvillages.You’llfindChinesecultureismuchmorediversethanyouthought.Linlin:AndIstronglyrecommendtheethnicminorityvillagesonyourtriptoGuizhouProvince.You’llfindChinesecultureismuchmorediversethanyouthoughtitwas.Justin:Soundsgreat,thanks!Justin:Thisallsoundsgreat.Thanks!
Book3Unit3
WB:UsingStructures
(P74)
Ex1Readthesesentences.Inpairs,decidewhichwordscanbeleftout.1.A:HowcanwemakeItalianvegetablesoupB:Idon’tknowhowwecanmakeit.B:Idon’tknow(howwecanmakeit).2.A:WhendidyougettoFlorenceB:IgottoFlorenceyesterday.B:(IgottoFlorence)yesterday.3.A:AreyouastudentofEnglishliteratureB:No,thoughIwishIwereastudentofEnglishliterature.B:No,thoughIwishIwere(astudentofEnglishliterature).4.A:DidhegotoEgyptB:Hesaidhewouldgo,buthedidn’tgo.B:Hesaidhewould(go),but(he)didn’t(go).5.A:WouldyouliketotryonthispairofjeansB:Yes,Iwouldliketotryonthatpairofjeans.B:Yes,Iwouldliketo(tryonthatpairofjeans).Ex2Matchthequestionstothemostlikelyanswers.No
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