考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案解析

考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案解析

導(dǎo)讀：我根據(jù)大家的需要整理了一份關(guān)于《考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答

案解析》的內(nèi)容，具體內(nèi)容：考研，除了做教育類的英語閱讀理解之外，

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及答案，供大家參閱！考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案：SALLIEKRAWC...

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面是我給大家整理的考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案，供大家參閱！

考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案：SALLIEKRAWCHECK

CEOofCitigroupsnewSmithBarneyunit

ASATRACKSTARinhighschool,SallieKraweheckrankedamongher

statesbestatthehighjump.Butshehasntjumpedforanyonesince,

andherunshakabl

eindependencehaspropelledhercareeronWallStreettoheights

unimaginabletoagirlcomingofageinCharleston,S.C.,inthe

1970s.Then,Krawcheck--alwaysanoutstandingstudent--thought

mostlyofcheerleadingand"datingthecoolestboy,〃she

acknowledges."Shewasindangerofbecomingterminallycute,〃

recallsherhighschoolguidancecounselor,NancyWise,who

recognizedKrawcheckspotentialearlyandstokedherbusiness

ambitions.TodayKrawcheck,37,isoneofthemostpowerfulwomen

inthecorporateworldandarisingstar.

Howfarsheclimbsdependsonhowwellshemeetsherlatest

challenge:closingthecredibilitygapatfinancial-servicesgiant

Citigroup,aftergovernmentinquiriesputacloudoverthefirms

reputation-anditsstock.KrawcheckwashiredinOctoberfromthe

independentstock-researchfirmSanfordC.Bernstein(whereshewas

CEO)tobeCitisdesignatedsavior.CitigroupsproudCEO,Sanford

Weill,personallywooedher,reorganizingalargechunkofCiti

aroundher.KrawcheckisnowCEOofareconstitutedSmithBarney,

whichencompassesCitisstock-researchandretail-brokerage

operations.

ThislargestageleavesKrawcheckoutwardlyundaunted.Shes

relaxedandconfident,withaseif-deprecatingsenseofhumor.She

saysshes“incrediblyinsecure,z/andhashadnightmaresinwhich

shefailstowintherespectofhernewcolleagues.Butthis

soft-spokenhumilitybeliesatoughnesspresentfromthestart.

Daughterofalawyerandsisterofthreemore,Krawchecklearned

earlyontosubstantiateherassertions-orkeepquiet.

“Itusedtogetquiteinterestingaroundthedinnertable,“says

herfatherLenny,whopracticeslawinCharleston.''Politics,

relationships-younameit.Itwaseverymanforhimselfandawful

toughtomakeyourpoint."JokesSallie:"Noneofuscouldgeta

friendtocomeoverfordinner.

KrawcheckearnedajournalismdegreefromtheUniversityofNorth

CarolinaandanM.B.A.fromColumbiaUniversity.Shewenttowork

atSalomonBrothersbutsoonmovedtoDonaldson,Lufkinsire-and

respectwhenshewaslaterprovedcorrect-bydwellingonthe

pitfallsofWeillsacquisitionofSalomon

ByDanielKadlecTime;12/2/2002,Vol.160Issue23,p52,l/2p,

1c

注⑴:本文選自Time;12/2/2002,p52,l/2p,1c;

注(2)：本文習(xí)題命題模仿對象2003年真題Text2;

1.Theauthorbeginshisarticleby.

[A]makingacomparison

[B]posingacontrast

[C]justifyinganassumption

[D]explainingaphenomenon

2.KrawcheckwaschosentheCEOoftheSmithBarneybecause

[A]theCEOoftheCitigrouptrustedher

[B]shewasthoughttobeabletosaveCitigroupoutoftrouble

[C]shehaswonderfulexperienceinthisfield

[D]sheisthenewrisingstar

3.Krawcheckssuccessdependson.

[A]howwellshecanregainthefirmsreputation

[B]howwellshecansavethefirmscredibilitycrisis

[C]howwellshecanraisethefirmsstock

[D]howwellshecanfulfillherownplanandaim

4.ThepreviousdaysKrawcheckspentathomearementionedtoshow

that.

[A]Krawcheckknowswellhowtoproveherideas

[B]familymembersarealwaysondifferentsides.

[C]thereisanairoffreedomatKrawcheckshome

[D]theyhaveavarietyoftopicsatdinner

5.FromthetextwelearnthatKrawcheckis.

[A]humorous

[B]soft-hearted

[C]sensitive

[D]strong-minded

答案：ABBAD

篇章剖析

本文記述了薩利克勞切克成功的職業(yè)生涯。第一段指出中學(xué)時代的克勞

切克就相當(dāng)出色，今天的她更是出類拔萃;第二段指出她臨危授命，擔(dān)任

花旗集團(tuán)(Citigroup)新組建的史密斯巴尼公司首席執(zhí)行官;第三段和第

四段介紹了她的性格以及家庭對她的影響；第五段介紹了她輝煌的從業(yè)經(jīng)

歷。

詞匯注釋

stokevt.給（火或火爐）添加燃料，撥旺（火或火爐）；照管（火爐等）；司

（爐）

credibilitygap信用差距

cast（put）acloudon[upon]在...上投下一層陰影

woovt.向...求婚，求愛;懇求，請求;勸說，拉攏（人）（做某事，投入

某項行動等）

belie[bl51al]vt.使對...產(chǎn)生錯覺;使人對...誤解;掩飾;顯示（希

望、諾言等）不真實（是虛假的）；使失望；辜負(fù)

earlyon在早期

substantiatevt.證明，使...具體化，使成為現(xiàn)實

assertion[]n.主張，要求，斷言

standtoonesassertion堅持已見

foroneself為自己；代表自己；獨(dú)力地；親自地

ire[5aIE（r）Jn.忿怒，憤怒，怒火

dwellonv.細(xì)想，詳述，詳評，如：

pitfall[5pitfC:l]n.陷阱，圈套，誘惑；易犯的錯誤；（由疏忽而出

的）毛病，缺陷，失誤

難句突破

1.Butshehasntjumpedforanyonesince,andherunshakable

independencehaspropelledhercareeronWallStreettoheights

unimaginabletoagirlcomingofageinCharleston,S.C.,inthe

1970s.

主體句式：shehasntjumpedforanyonesince,andherindependence

haspropelledhertoheights…

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句是and引導(dǎo)的兩個并列句。在這個句子中，注意propel

的用法："propelsb.todosth",意思是“促使、推動某人做某事

“「'unimaginabletoagirl”做后置定語來修飾“heights";"comingof

age”做后置定語修飾"agirl”,其中〃age〃的意思是〃成年

句子譯文：但她從那以后再也沒有為任何人跳過，而她那不可動搖的獨(dú)

立性把她在華爾街的職業(yè)生涯推向一個在二十世紀(jì)七十年代對一個來自

南卡羅來納州查爾斯頓正在步入成年之列的少女來說不可思議的高度。

2.Howfarsheclimbsdependsonhowwellshemeetsherlatest

challenge:closingthecredibilitygapatfinancial-servicesgiant

Citigroup,aftergovernmentinquiriesputacloudoverthefirms

reputation-anditsstock.

主體句式：Howfarsheclimbsdependsonhowwellshemeetsher

latestchallenge…

結(jié)構(gòu)分析：從句"howfarsheclimbs”做句子的主語;從句"howwellshe

meets”做動詞短語"dependon"的賓語；"closingthecredibilitygap”

做伴隨狀語，其中"credibilitygap〃的意思是〃信用差距"，"putacloud

over"的意思是''在.上投下一層陰影

句子譯文：她能取得多大的成就取決于她如何迎接她的最新挑戰(zhàn)：在政

府的調(diào)查使公司的名譽(yù)一一及其股票一一罩上一層陰影之后，縮小財政服

務(wù)巨人Citigroup集團(tuán)的信用差距。

題目分析

1.答案為A,屬事實細(xì)節(jié)題。文章中提到中學(xué)時代的克勞切克和今天的

克勞切克都是相當(dāng)成功的。

2.答案為B,屬事實細(xì)節(jié)題。原文對應(yīng)信息是“Krawcheckwashiredin

Octoberfromtheindependentstock-researchfirmSanfordC.

Bernstein(whereshewasCEO)tobeCitisdesignatedsavior.

3.答案為B,屬推理判斷題。原文對應(yīng)信息是："Howfarsheclimbs

dependsonhowwellshemeetsherlatestchallenge:closingthe

credibilitygapatfinancial-servicesgiantCitigroup,after

governmentinquiriesputacloudoverthefirmsreputation-andits

z/

stock.o本句的分析參見難句突破部分。

4.答案為A,屬推理判斷題。第三段最后一句指出"Daughterofalawyer

andsisterofthreemore,Krawchecklearnedearlyontosubstantiate

herassertions-orkeepquiet.",然后作者在第四段給出克勞切克的

父親和她本人的感受，來進(jìn)一步來說明這一句話。

5.答案為D,屬事實細(xì)節(jié)題。原文對應(yīng)信息是："Butthissoft-spoken

humilitybeliesatoughnesspresentfromthestart.”。

參考譯文

薩利克勞切克

花旗集團(tuán)(Citigroup)新組建的史密斯巴尼公司首席執(zhí)行官

作為中學(xué)時代的徑賽明星，薩利克勞切克曾名列她所在州跳高運(yùn)動的榜

首。但她從那以后再也沒有為任何人跳過，而她那不可動搖的獨(dú)立性把她

在華爾街的職業(yè)生涯推向一個在二十世紀(jì)七十年代對一個來自南卡羅來

納州查爾斯頓正在步入成年之列的少女來說不可思議的高度。克勞切克

——她總是一名杰出的學(xué)生一一承認(rèn)說，主要想的就是如何帶領(lǐng)啦啦隊和

“約會最酷的男孩?！昂茉缇驼J(rèn)識到她的潛能并激發(fā)她商業(yè)雄心的中學(xué)指

導(dǎo)顧問南希懷斯回憶說，“她極有可能成為絕頂聰明之人?！苯裉欤?7歲

的克勞切克是商界最強(qiáng)有力的女人之一，是一顆冉冉升起的明星。

她能取得多大的成就取決于她如何迎接她的最新挑戰(zhàn)：在政府的調(diào)查使

公司的名譽(yù)一一及其股票一一罩上一層陰影之后，縮小財政服務(wù)巨人

Citigroup集團(tuán)的信用差距?？藙谇锌耸?0月從獨(dú)立的股票研究公司——

桑福德C伯恩斯坦公司（在這家公司她是首席執(zhí)行官）被招聘為選定的Citi

集團(tuán)的救星。Citigroup集團(tuán)高傲的首席執(zhí)行官桑福德韋爾親自懇求她，

把Citi集團(tuán)的一大塊重組在她周圍?？藙谇锌爽F(xiàn)在是重組后的史密斯巴

尼公司（其中包括Citi集團(tuán)的股票研究和零售經(jīng)紀(jì)業(yè)務(wù)）的首席執(zhí)行官。

這個大舞臺讓克勞切克無所畏懼地向外擴(kuò)張。她顯得輕松自如且胸有成

竹，帶有幾分自貶式的幽默感。她說她感到〃難以置信地沒有把握，〃常常

做惡夢，夢見她得不到新同事的尊敬。但是這種說起話來讓人感到溫柔可

親的謙卑掩飾了她一開始就有的堅韌與果斷。作為律師的女兒和另外三個

姊妹的姐姐，克勞切克很早就學(xué)會了如何證實自己的主張一一或保持鎮(zhèn)

靜。

〃過去圍坐餐桌就餐是相當(dāng)有趣的，〃她父親倫尼一一他在查爾斯頓當(dāng)律

師一一這樣說。“政治、關(guān)系一一你只管講出來。每個人都講自己的觀點(diǎn),

要想講清一個論點(diǎn)著實很困難?！ㄋ_莉開玩笑說，“我們誰也不能邀請朋友

來吃飯

克勞切克先后獲得北卡羅萊那州立大學(xué)的新聞學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位和哥倫比亞

大學(xué)的工商管理碩士學(xué)位。她到薩洛蒙兄弟公司工作，但很快就轉(zhuǎn)到唐納

森、拉夫金-詹雷特公司工作，在那兒她遇見了她的丈夫加里阿普爾。1994

年，克勞切克中轉(zhuǎn)入伯恩斯坦公司，此后便一頭扎進(jìn)股票研究工作。1997

年，她開始涉足金融服務(wù)公司，很快便成為該領(lǐng)域的最有影響力的分析家。

在這幾年中，克勞切克對韋爾收購薩洛蒙公司一案進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)評述，這激

起了韋爾的忿怒，同時也贏得了他的尊重，因為后來的發(fā)展證明她是正確

的。

考研英語經(jīng)濟(jì)類閱讀理解及答案：WIELDINGTHEAXE

Investmentbankscutwithavengeance

THE25,000orsojobscutbyinternationalinvestmentbanksso

farthisyearhavebeenpresentedasjudiciouspruning,thoughthey

werereallymorepanick

ythanthat.Privately,thebanksadmitthat,ifbusinessdoes

notpickupsoon,thentheseriousaxe-wieldingwillhavetostart,

onWallStreetandintheCityofLondon.Somebankswouldhaveliked

toactmoreaggressivelybeforenow,butwererestrainedbyadesire

nottobefirstwiththebadnews.Thisweeksannouncementof3,500

freshjoblossesatCitigroup,followedimmediatelybyreportsthat

J.P.MorganChaseisabouttoslashitsinvestment-banking

operations,maymarkthepointatwhichthebloodreallystartsto

flow.

Astheydecidewhomtoshed,executivesfaceatrickyquestion.

Howquicklymighttheybeabletohireworkersintheeventthat

businessrecoversfasterthanmostpeoplenowdarehope?Merrill

Lynchsufferedbadlyafteritfiredworkers,includingtechnical

staff,asfinancialmarketsstumbledinlate1998.Whenthemarkets

reboundedsoonafter,notonlyweretheseworkerslothtoreturn,

butemployeesatotherfirmswouldnotjoinafirmthathadshown

itselftobeafickleemployer.

Today,worriesabout“doingaMerrill“arefadingfast.Jobless

investmentbankersarelegion,thoughfewarewillingtoadmitto

being“unemployed”.NewYorknowhasnearlyasmany“resting”

bankersasactresses,thoughtheydonotyethavetowaitattables.

Seniorexecutivesarebeingfiredataratenotseensince1990,

saysLauraLofaroofSterlingResources,afirmofhead-hunters.

Theyarepaidsomuchthattherevenuestheybringinforthefirm

fallshortoftheirpay-evenbeforeotheroverheadsaretakeninto

account.

Banksarealsoeagerlysearchingoutwaystoshedworkersthrough

increasinguseoftechnology.Curiously,firmslikeMerrillLynch

mayviewelectronicbrokeragewithgreaterenthusiasmnowthanat

theheightoftheonlineinvestingfad.GoldmanSachshassought

efficienciesbycentralisingitshuman-resourcesactivities,

cuttingstaff.ItcameasashocktolearnthatGoldmanSachshad

300human-resourceprofessionalstofire.Butwhenevenpersonnel

peoplearebeingcanned,timesreallyarehard.

Thetaskfacinginvestmentbanksiscomplicatedbythe

consequencesoftheirbehaviourduringthestockmarketboomof

blessedmemory.Forinstance,manybankers,notablyinequity

underwritingandanalysis,wererecruitedonlucrativecontracts

withseveralyearsofguaranteedsalaryandbonus.Attemptsto

negotiatereleasefromtheseguaranteesaretakingplace-notably

atCSFB,whichhandedoutmoreofthesecontractsthanmost.

Noinvestment-bankingactivityhasbeenmoreidlethisyearthan

underwritinginitialpublicofferings(IPOs).Theburstingofthe

Internetbubblehasscaredoffpuntersand,foranotheryearatleast,

thereareunlikelytobemanyIPOcandidateswitharecordof

profitability(nowregardedasessential).Yetjoblossesinthis

businesshavebeenremarkablylow.Couldthishaveanythingtodo

withthewayregulatorsandlawfirmsarecourtingdisaffectedand

formeremployeeswhomightbewillingtodishthedirtontheirbanks

abusesoftheIPOprocess?

Economist;8/18/2001,Vol.360Issue8235,p55,2p

詞匯注釋

wield[wi:ld]vt.揮舞(劍等)；使用；支配，行使，如：

vengeance[5vendVEns]n.復(fù)仇，報仇；報復(fù)

inflict[take,wreak]vengeance(up)onsb.對...報仇[雪恨]

withavengeance[口]猛烈地，厲害地；徹底地；過度地

judicious[]adj.明智的;有判斷力的;有見識的

pruning[5pru:nIN]n.修枝，剪枝，修剪

tricky[5trlkl]adj.難處理的;棘手的;微妙的;奸詐的;狡猾的

loth[1RW](=loath)adj.憎惡的,勉強(qiáng)的；不愿意的

fickle[5fIk(E)l]adj.(在感情等方面)變幻無常的,浮躁的，薄情的

legion[51i:dV(E)n]adj.大批的,大量的,

fadn.流行一時的狂熱，時尚，風(fēng)氣

canvt.(canned;canning)[美]把...裝成罐頭；[俚]把...灌制唱片,

把..?錄音；[美俚]解雇，辭退，拋棄，開除(學(xué)生)，監(jiān)禁，停止，停用

lucrative[51u:krEtiv,1ju：-]adj.有利的，賺錢的,合算的，待

遇好的

underwritinginitialpublicofferings(IPOs)首次公開發(fā)行股票;

新股上市

puntern.顧客;嫖客

courtvt.求愛，獻(xiàn)殷勤;謀求;獲得;招致;奉承，討好；引誘，如：

disaffected[dIsE5fektId]adj.(對政府)不忠的；不滿的;憤憤不平

的

dishthedirt［美俚］散布流言蜚語

參考譯文

揮舞裁員之斧

投資銀行大裁員

今年，迄今為止，國際投資銀行已裁減25,000多個工作崗位，此舉被

描述成〃明智的修剪“，盡管裁員