2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語(yǔ)模擬試卷（三）（解析版）

2021-2022學(xué)年遼寧省普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語(yǔ)模擬試卷（三）（本試卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷兩部分，滿分100分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘）第Ⅰ卷（選擇題滿分60分）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain’shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain’sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,the400thanniversary(周年)ofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJet—fromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromBarajasairportis13kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplex(復(fù)雜)withatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosstationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefare(車票)toanystationinthecitycentreis€4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock;€5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof€30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1.WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A.On23March. B.On11May. C.On24June. D.On5October.2.WhatcanyouseeinthestudioattheFundacionMapfre?A.Picasso’sworksofart. B.Picasso’slivingandworkingspaces.C.ElGreco’sgreatpaintings. D.The400thanniversaryoftheRenaissance.3.WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A.EasyJet. B.Ryanair. C.AirEuropa. D.BritishAirways.4.WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromBarajasairport?A.Takeataxi. B.Takeacitybus.C.TakeMetroline8. D.Taketheairportexpressbus.5.WhichisthecheapestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromBarajasairport?A.Takeataxi. B.Takeacitybus.C.TakeMetroline8. D.Taketheairportexpressbus.【答案】1.B2.B3.B4.A5.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了西班牙首都馬德里的吸引人的文化活動(dòng)，以及如何去那兒，花費(fèi)是多少等細(xì)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段“AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain’sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11May(西班牙最偉大的藝術(shù)家畢加索生活和工作空間的新展覽剛剛在PaseodeRecoletos大道23號(hào)的Mapfre基金會(huì)的工作室開幕。它一直持續(xù)到5月11日)”可知，關(guān)于畢加索的展覽5月11日結(jié)束。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第一段“AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain’sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundacionMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.(西班牙最偉大的藝術(shù)家畢加索生活和工作空間的新展覽剛剛在PaseodeRecoletos大道23號(hào)的Mapfre基金會(huì)的工作室開幕)”可知，在Mapfre基金會(huì)的工作室中能看到畢加索的生活和工作空間。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第三段“RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted(Ryanair航空從曼徹斯特和斯坦斯特德起飛)”可知，Ryanair航空公司經(jīng)營(yíng)從曼徹斯特到馬德里的航班。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“atNuevosMinisteriosstationandtakesabout30minutes(在NuevosMinisterios車站，大約需要30分鐘)”和“Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.(到市中心需要40分鐘。出租車只需花一半的時(shí)間)”可知，從Barajas機(jī)場(chǎng)到馬德里市中心，坐地鐵需要30分鐘，坐機(jī)場(chǎng)巴士需要40分鐘，坐出租車只需要20分鐘。從而可知，最快的方式是坐出租車。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis€4.50.(到市中心任何一個(gè)車站的票價(jià)都是4.5歐元)”和“€5oneway(單程5歐元)”以及“Aflatrateof€30coversmostofcentralMadrid.(30歐元的統(tǒng)一費(fèi)率覆蓋了馬德里市中心的大部分區(qū)域)”可知，乘坐地鐵8號(hào)線需要花費(fèi)4.5歐元，乘坐機(jī)場(chǎng)巴士需要花費(fèi)5歐元，乘坐出租車需要花費(fèi)大約30歐元。從而可知，最便宜的方式是坐地鐵8號(hào)線。故選C項(xiàng)。BStudentnewspapersacrosstheUSarefacingadarkreality.Astheyarefreetoread,theyaremakinglessmoneythanever,meaningthatsuchnewspapersarefindingithardtosurvive.Mostcollegepapershavereducedtheirprinteditions(版本).Lastyear,theDailyTarHeelprintedapaperfourdaysaweek.Thisyear,itprintsapapereverythreedays.Andwhileitusedtoproducearound22,000newspaperseachtime,itonlymakesaround10,000now,saidEricaPerel,generalmanager.Increasingly,studentjournalistshaveturnedtheirfocustodigitalversionsoftheirnewspapers,andthenewwaysthatsocialmediaallowsthemtotellstories.They’veadaptedtheirskillstomirrorwhat’sgoingonintheprofessionaljournalismworld.“Ithinkwe’readaptingverywell...inmovingawayfromthatprintedition.Butit’schallenging.”saidJonathanCarter,astudentatNorthCarolinaStateUniversityInthemeantime,campusnewspapersarefiguringouttheirfinancialmodelsastheygoalong.BrucedePyssler,advisertoNorthCarolinaCentralUniversity’sCampusEchoNewspaper,saidhisstudentspostonestoryadayonline.Thebeststoriesareputtogetherforaonce-a-semesterprintedition.Andevenifstudentjournalistsdon’tgointomediajobs,Perelsaid,“They’vestillhadagreateducation.”“Thenumberonethingthatweteachiscriticalthinking(批判思考)andhowtobealifelonglearner,”shesaid,“Theoneswhoarelivingthroughthistransition(過(guò)渡)aretheonesthataregoingtobealotstrongerforitintheend.”6.Whatdomostcollegenewspapersdotofacethedarkreality?AImproveprintingquality. B.Reduceprinteditions.C.Loweradvertisingfees. D.Increasepaperprice.7.WhatdoesLoMontesuggeststudentnewspapersdotosurvive?A.Continuewithpaperversions. B.Askcollegesformoney.C.Publishmoredigitaleditions. D.Createtheirownfinancialmodels.8.Inwhichwaycanstudentjournalistsbenefitfromthejob,inPerel’sopinion?A.Instorytelling. B.Inproblem-solving.C.Inlogicalthinking. D.Inlifelonglearning.9.Whothinkscampusnewspapersaretryinganewfinancialmodel?A.JonathanCarter. B.LoMonte. C.BrucedePyssler. D.Perel.10.What’sthearticlemainlyabout?A.TheproudhistoryoftheDailyTarHeel. B.Studentnewspapersareadaptingwell.C.Schoolnewspapersareunderpressure. D.Howtorefreshtraditionalnewspapers.【答案】6.B7.B8.D9.C10.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)大學(xué)報(bào)紙生存困難，面臨壓力的現(xiàn)狀。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章第二段“Mostcollegepapershavereducedtheirprinteditions.(大多數(shù)大學(xué)報(bào)紙已經(jīng)減少了它們的印刷版)”可知，面對(duì)黑暗的現(xiàn)實(shí)，大多數(shù)大學(xué)報(bào)紙都縮減了印刷版。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章第四段“LoMontesaidthebestsolutionwouldbeforuniversitiestofinanciallysupportstudentjournalism.(LoMonte說(shuō)，最好的解決辦法是讓大學(xué)在經(jīng)濟(jì)上支持學(xué)生新聞工作)”可知，LoMonte認(rèn)為大學(xué)報(bào)紙存活下去的最好辦法是得到學(xué)校的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，從而推知，他建議大學(xué)報(bào)紙通過(guò)向大學(xué)要錢，得以繼續(xù)生存。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過(guò)文章最后一段“Andevenifstudentjournalistsdon’tgointomediajobs,Perelsaid,“They’vestillhadagreateducation.”“Thenumberonethingthatweteachiscriticalthinkingandhowtobealifelonglearner,”shesaid(即使學(xué)生記者不從事媒體工作，Perel說(shuō)：“他們?nèi)匀唤邮芰肆己玫慕逃?。”“我們教授的第一件事是批判性思維，以及如何成為一個(gè)終生學(xué)習(xí)者，”她說(shuō))”可知，Perel認(rèn)為，學(xué)生記者能通過(guò)這份工作終身學(xué)習(xí)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Inthemeantime,campusnewspapersarefiguringouttheirfinancialmodelsastheygoalong.BrucedePyssler,advisertoNorthCarolinaCentralUniversity’sCampusEchoNewspaper,saidhisstudentspostonestoryadayonline.(與此同時(shí)，校園報(bào)紙也在不斷摸索自己的財(cái)務(wù)模式?！侗笨_來(lái)納中央大學(xué)校園回聲報(bào)》的顧問(wèn)BrucedePyssler說(shuō)，他的學(xué)生每天在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布一篇報(bào)道)”可知，BrucedePyssler認(rèn)為校報(bào)正在嘗試一種新的財(cái)務(wù)模式。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)文章第一段“StudentnewspapersacrosstheUSarefacingadarkreality.(美國(guó)各地的學(xué)生報(bào)紙都面臨著一個(gè)黑暗的現(xiàn)實(shí))”以及“suchnewspapersarefindingithardtosurvive(這些報(bào)紙很難生存)”可推知，本文主要介紹了校報(bào)正面臨著很大壓力。故選C項(xiàng)。CAccordingtoarecentreport,about15%ofthepeopleintheUKaremembersofgyms.Butaretheymorelikelytobefit?Astudyfoundthatgymmemberswere14timesmoreactivethanpeoplewhodidn’tbelongtoanyhealthclub.Gymmembersdidsixhoursmoreexerciseaweek,andthisactivitydidmakethemfitterthannon-gymmembers.Theyalsospentlesstimesittingdowneverydaythannon-gymmembers.Theresultswerethesameformenandwomen.Thestudyincluded405peoplebetweentheagesof30and64,andthemaincharacteristicsofthosewhoweregymmemberswerethesameasthosewhowerenot.“Butgymmembersdidmoretrainingthannon-gymmembers,”saidtheleadauthor,ElizabethSchroederoftheUniversityofWhileitmightseemclearthatgymmembersexercisemoreandarehealthierthannon-gymmembers,Schroedersaysthishasnotbeendirectlyshownbefore.However,thestudyisonlydesignedtoshowatiebetweengymmembershipandmoreexercise.Itmaybethatactivepeopleliketojoingyms.Inthestudy,peoplewhoexercisedasmuchasgymmemberswerealsoingoodhealth.Youcangetthesamebenefitswhereveryouexercise.Thisstudyshowsagymmembershipcanmakeyoudomoreexercise,butotherresearchshowsthatexercisingoutsidehasotherhelp.Outdooractivitycanmakeyoufeelhappyaboutlife,especiallyifyourunthroughaforest.Outdoorexerciseisalsomoreinterestingthangoingtothegym.Thefirstfiveminutesofoutdoorexerciseisespeciallyhelpfulinmakingpeoplefeelgood.ButSchroedersaysthatagymmayalsoencouragegreaterexercisebecauseitcanbesocialandfun.11.Whatdidthenewstudyfindout?A.Britishpeoplearecrazyaboutthegym.B.Gymexerciseisbetterthanoutdoorexercise.C.Gymmembershipcanmakeushealthier.D.Gymisnecessaryforourdailylife.12.Inthestudy,researchersstudied________.A.peoplebetweenaged30and64 B.thesamenumberofmenandwomenC.405gymmembers D.peoplewiththesamecharacteristics13.Thestudyisaimedtobuildatiebetween________and________.A.activepeople;moregymexercise B.moreexercise;healthC.gymmembership;moreexercise D.happiness;moreexercise14.Theunderlined“otherhelp”meansoutdoorexercisecanmakeyou________.A.healthier B.happier C.moresocial D.morehelpful15.WhichstatementwillElizabethSchroederagreewith?A.Womenshoulddomoregymexercise.B.Weshouldbecarefulwithoutdoortraining.C.Outdoorexerciseisbetterthangymexercise.D.Wemaymakegreatexerciseifwegotothegym.【答案】11.C12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要是通過(guò)研究表明了擁有健身房會(huì)員可以讓人們進(jìn)行更多鍛煉，使得身體更加健康?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“itmightseemclearthatgymmembersexercisemoreandarehealthierthannon-gymmembers,Schroedersaysthishasnotbeendirectlyshownbefore.（健身會(huì)員比非健身會(huì)員鍛煉得更多、更健康這一點(diǎn)似乎很清楚，施羅德說(shuō)，這一點(diǎn)以前沒(méi)有直接表現(xiàn)出來(lái)）”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有健身房會(huì)員，會(huì)使我們更健康，故選擇C項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thestudyincluded405peoplebetweentheagesof30and64,andthemaincharacteristicsofthosewhoweregymmemberswerethesameasthosewhowerenot.（這項(xiàng)研究包括了405名年齡在30歲到64歲之間的人，這些人的主要特征與那些不是健身房會(huì)員的人相同）”可知這次研究共涉及年齡在30-64之間的405人，故選擇A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“However,thestudyisonlydesignedtoshowatiebetweengymmembershipandmoreexercise.（然而，這項(xiàng)研究的目的僅僅是為了顯示健身房會(huì)員資格和更多鍛煉之間的聯(lián)系）”可知，這個(gè)研究旨在表明健身房會(huì)員與更多鍛煉之間的聯(lián)系，故選擇C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“Outdooractivitycanmakeyoufeelhappyaboutlife,especiallyifyourunthroughaforest.（戶外活動(dòng)可以讓你對(duì)生活感到快樂(lè)，尤其是當(dāng)你穿過(guò)森林時(shí)）”可知，上文的otherhelp指的是戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)可以讓人更加開心，故選擇B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)到最后一段“Schroedersaysthatagymmayalsoencouragegreaterexercisebecauseitcanbesocialandfun.（施羅德說(shuō)，健身房也可以鼓勵(lì)更多的鍛煉，因?yàn)樗梢陨缃缓蛫蕵?lè)）”可知，ElizabethSchroeder認(rèn)為如果我們?nèi)ソ∩矸磕茏龈玫腻憻挘蔬x擇D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer(節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者)isonewaytohelp.___16___UseItUp.Youcanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeeze(擠)thatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.___17___Don’tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.WearItOut.Youdonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakers(運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋)havebrokenlaces(鞋帶),buttheystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon’thavetohavethelatestiPhoneuntiltheoldonedoesn’tworkanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.___18___MakeItDo.Whensomethingyouwantisnotonhand,lookforsomethingelsethatyoualreadyhavetotakeitsplace.Supposeyouarepackingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandwich.Youareoutofbutter.Haveacheesesandwichinsteadsoyoucanuseallofthecheese.Learntofixbrokentoysinsteadofjustthrowingthemaway.___19______20___Thinkaboutallthosethingsthatyouwouldliketohave.Doyoureallyneedthem?HowlongwillyoureallyplaywiththatnewtoyyousawonTV?Makingthethingsthatwewantusesupourworld’sresources(資源).And,gettingridofthethingswedon’twantanymoretakesupevenmoreresourcesandspace.A.Dowithoutit.B.Throwitaway.C.Whatexactlydoesthatmean?D.Doyouknowwhattoconsume?E.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap.F.Withalittlethought,youcanmakesomethingdo.G.Thinktwicebeforereplacingsomethingthatstillworks.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.F20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文就如何成為一個(gè)節(jié)儉的消費(fèi)者，減少浪費(fèi)，保護(hù)我們的環(huán)境提出了一些具體的做法。【16題詳解】由下文的小標(biāo)題“UseItUp.WearItOut.MakeItDo.Dowithoutit.”可知，用光東西。用壞東西。用其他東西代替你需要的。不要總是購(gòu)買新的東西。所以這些小標(biāo)題都是對(duì)上文小題1的回答。故C選項(xiàng)“那到底是什么意思”符合句意。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】由“Squeeze(擠)thatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.___2___Don’tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.”可知，把最后一點(diǎn)牙膏擠出牙膏管。不要把盒子底部的餅干屑扔掉。所以小題2與前后兩句都是用光東西的具體做法。故E選項(xiàng)“用光最后一小塊肥皂”符合句意。故E選項(xiàng)正確?！?8題詳解】由“Supposeyoursneakers(運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋)havebrokenlaces(鞋帶),buttheystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthemlonger.Youdon’thavetohavethelatestiPhoneuntiltheoldonedoesn’tworkanymore.”可知，假設(shè)你的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋的鞋帶斷了，但它們?nèi)匀贿m合你。修理一下還可以在穿久一點(diǎn)。在舊的那臺(tái)iPhone手機(jī)不能用之前，你不必買最新的iPhone手機(jī)。所以小題3要總結(jié)性地告訴讀者在替換仍然能用的東西之前，請(qǐng)三思。故G選項(xiàng)“在替換仍然能用的東西之前，請(qǐng)三思”符合句意。故G選項(xiàng)正確。【19題詳解】由“Supposeyouarepackingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandwich.Youareoutofbutter.Haveacheesesandwichinsteadsoyoucanuseallofthecheese.Learntofixbrokentoysinsteadofjustthrowingthemaway”可知，假設(shè)你正在打包明天的午餐，想要一個(gè)黃油三明治。你沒(méi)有黃油了。不如吃個(gè)奶酪三明治，這樣你就可以把所有的奶酪都用上。學(xué)習(xí)修理壞了的玩具，而不是把它們?nèi)拥?。所以通過(guò)以上的事例小題4要告訴讀者只要稍加思考，你就能找到所需東西的替代品。故F選項(xiàng)“要稍加思考，你就能找到所需東西的替代品”符合句意。故F選項(xiàng)正確?！?0題詳解】由“Thinkaboutallthosethingsthatyouwouldliketohave.Doyoureallyneedthem?HowlongwillyoureallyplaywiththatnewtoyyousawonTV?Makingthethingsthatwewantusesupourworld’sresources(資源).And,gettingridofthethingswedon’twantanymoretakesupevenmoreresourcesandspace.”可知，想想你想擁有的一切。你真的需要它們嗎？你在電視上看到的那個(gè)新玩具玩了多久？制造我們想要的東西會(huì)耗盡世界的資源。而且，扔掉我們不想要的東西會(huì)占用更多的資源和空間。所以本段主要再告訴我們不要總是購(gòu)買新的東西也就是小標(biāo)題5本段的標(biāo)題所要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。故A選項(xiàng)“不要總是購(gòu)買新的東西”符合句意。故A選項(xiàng)正確。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分35分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題,每小題1分,滿分20分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasayoungnewspaperreporter,andIwantedtosucceed.Myfirst____21____wasinLatinAmerica.Itwasalmostmylastjob.IhadnotplannedtostayinthevillageofZacate,Ifoundpeopletherefullof____23____.Thisvillagewasatthefootofavolcano(火山).Itwasbecomingmore____24____.Men,womenandchildrencametothesquare.Afew____25____eachotherandwentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible,withlargeandfull____26____intheirhands.Suddenly,Ifeltastrong____27____.Thevillagersinthesquareranawayas____28____astheyfelttheearthquake.Attherighttime,Isawblacksmoke____29____downthesideofthemountaintowardsthevillage.Treesandgrassburnedupinasecond.Thevolcanoeruptionwascomingso_____30_____thatinlessthanaminutetheroadstothevillageswere_____31_____.AllIcoulddowaswatchingand_____32_____.Suddenly,mylandlord(房東)criedout,“Look!”He_____33_____toasmallhill.Thelava(巖漿)wasnotcomingoveritbut_____34_____oneachsideofthevillage,_____35_____thevillagecenterundamaged.Luckily,foratime,atleast,wewere_____36_____.Mylandlordgavemea_____37_____blankettocovermyselftoavoidthe_____38_____andwepouredwateroverourheadstocoolourselves.Wecouldhardlybreathebecauseoftheheatandthe_____39_____oftheburninghouses.Thanks_____40_____mylandlord,Isurvivedthevolcano.21.A.friend B.job C.trip D.shopping22.A.so B.if C.or D.but23.A.happiness B.fear C.decision D.power24.A.comfortable B.weak C.active D.calm25.A.helped B.saw C.caught D.found26.A.flowers B.umbrellas C.books D.packs27.A.flood B.earthquake C.cold D.fire28.A.fast B.quickly C.soon D.quietly29.A.rolling B.disappearing C.lying D.settling30.A.gradually B.frequently C.strongly D.hardly31.A.putoff B.cutoff C.builtup D.fixedup32.A.waiting B.shouting C.complaining D.crying33.A.returned B.added C.got D.pointed34.A.recovering B.resting C.seeking D.flowing35.A.leaving B.making C.letting D.getting36.A.dangerous B.warm C.safe D.healthy37.A.dry B.new C.small D.wet38.A.light B.heat C.fear D.coldness39A.smoke B.smell C.sight D.sound40.A.for B.of C.to D.with【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.C31.B32.A33.D34.D35.A36.C37.D38.B39.A40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者作為一名記者在拉丁美洲經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)火山爆發(fā)，最后幸存下來(lái)的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的第一份工作在拉丁美洲。A.friend朋友；B.job工作；C.trip旅行；D.shopping購(gòu)物。根據(jù)下文“Itwasalmostmylastjob.”可推知，此處指這是作者的第一份工作，也幾乎是最后一份工作。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我本不打算呆在Zacate村莊，但是大雨下了一整天。A.so所以；B.if如果；C.or否則；D.but但是。通過(guò)上文“Ihadnotplannedtostayinthevillage”可推知，作者沒(méi)打算停留，下文“Ihadtostaythere”說(shuō)明，作者因?yàn)橄掠甓坏貌煌Ａ?，前后具有明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折含義，應(yīng)該使用表示轉(zhuǎn)折含義的連詞“but”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)那里的人們充滿恐懼。A.happiness開心；B.fear恐懼；C.decision決策；D.power力量。根據(jù)下文“wentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible”可推知，此處指人們充滿了恐懼，十分害怕，所以才盡可能遠(yuǎn)離火山。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：火山開始變得越來(lái)越活躍。A.comfortable舒服；B.weak虛弱的；C.active活躍的；D.calm冷靜的。根據(jù)下文“Men,womenandchildrencametothesquare.”以及“wentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible”可推知，此處指火山越來(lái)越活躍，快要爆發(fā)了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們互相幫助，帶著滿滿一大包的東西，出城盡可能遠(yuǎn)離火山。A.helped幫助；B.saw看見；C.caught接??；D.found建立。根據(jù)下文“eachotherandwentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible,withlargeandfull____6____intheirhands”可推知，此處指人們互相幫助，拿著東西，盡可能地遠(yuǎn)離火山。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：人們互相幫助，帶著滿滿一大包的東西，出城盡可能遠(yuǎn)離火山。A.flowers鮮花；B.umbrellas傘；C.books書本；D.packs包裹。根據(jù)上文“wentoutoftowntogetasfarawayfromthevolcanoaspossible,withlargeandfull”以及下文“intheirhands”可推知，此處指人們要帶著包裹離開鎮(zhèn)上，遠(yuǎn)離火山。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我感覺(jué)到一陣劇烈的地震。A.flood洪水；B.earthquake地震；C.cold寒冷；D.fire火。根據(jù)下文“theyfelttheearthquake”可推知，此處指作者感覺(jué)到了地震。故選B項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：廣場(chǎng)上的村民一感覺(jué)到地震就逃跑了。A.fast快速地；B.quickly迅速地；C.soon馬上、不久；D.quietly安靜地。根據(jù)上文“ranaway”以及下文“theyfelttheearthquake”可推知，此處指村民感覺(jué)到了地震后馬上逃跑了。固定搭配“assoonas”意為“立刻、一……就……”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我看到黑煙沿著山的一側(cè)朝村莊滾滾而來(lái)。A.rolling翻滾；B.disappearing消失；C.lying躺著；D.settling安置。根據(jù)下文“Thevolcanoeruptionwascoming”可推知，此處指火山噴發(fā)了，冒出來(lái)的黑煙從山上朝山下村莊滾滾而來(lái)。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：火山爆發(fā)來(lái)得如此猛烈，不到一分鐘，通往村莊的道路就被切斷了。A.gradually慢慢地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.strongly強(qiáng)烈地；D.hardly幾乎不。根據(jù)上文“Treesandgrassburnedupinasecond.”以及下文“inlessthanaminute”可推知，此處指火山爆發(fā)來(lái)得相當(dāng)猛烈。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：火山爆發(fā)來(lái)得如此猛烈，不到一分鐘，通往村莊的道路就被切斷了。A.putoff推遲；B.cutoff切斷；C.builtup建立；D.fixedup解決。根據(jù)上文“Thevolcanoeruptionwascomingsostronglythatinlessthanaminutetheroads”可推知，此處指火山爆發(fā)來(lái)得極其猛烈，導(dǎo)致村莊的道路被切斷了。故選B項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我所能做的就是看著和等待。A.waiting等待；B.shouting叫喊；C.complaining抱怨；D.crying哭泣。根據(jù)上文“theroadstothevillageswerecutoff.AllIcoulddowaswatching”可推知，此處指火山爆發(fā)來(lái)得相當(dāng)猛烈，村莊的道路被切斷了，而作者無(wú)能為力，只能看著，等待火山噴發(fā)結(jié)束。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他指向一座小山。A.returned返回；B.added增加；C.got得到；D.pointed指著。根據(jù)上文“criedout,“Look!””以及下文“toasmallhill”可推知，房東大喊，應(yīng)該是指著小山，讓作者他們看向那里。固定搭配“pointto”意為“指向”。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：巖漿并沒(méi)有向這里流過(guò)來(lái)，而是向村子兩側(cè)流去，村子的中心沒(méi)有被損壞。A.recovering恢復(fù)；B.resting休息；C.seeking尋找；D.flowing流動(dòng)。根據(jù)上文“notcomingoveritbut”以及下文“oneachsideofthevillage”可推知，此處指巖漿并沒(méi)有朝作者他們流過(guò)去，而是向村子的兩側(cè)流去。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：巖漿并沒(méi)有向這里流過(guò)來(lái)，而是向村子兩側(cè)流去，村子的中心沒(méi)有被損壞。A.leaving留下、離開；B.making制作；C.letting允許；D.getting收到。根據(jù)上文“Thelavawasnotcomingoveritbutflowingoneachsideofthevillage”以及下文“thevillagecenterundamaged”可推知，此處指巖漿向村子的兩側(cè)流去，留下了未被損壞的村莊中心。故選A項(xiàng)。【36題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，至少有一段時(shí)間，我們是安全的。A.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；B.warm溫暖的；C.safe安全的；D.healthy健康的。通過(guò)上文“l(fā)eavingthevillagecenterundamaged.Luckily,foratime”可推知，此處指村莊中心未被破壞，所以作者他們至少有一段時(shí)間是安全的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的房東給了我一條濕毯子來(lái)蓋住自己，以避高溫，我們把水倒在頭上來(lái)給自己降溫。A.dry干的；B.new新的；C.small小的；D.wet濕的。根據(jù)下文“tocoolourselves”可推知，此處指巖漿很熱，房東給了作者一條濕毯子蓋住自己，給自己降溫。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的房東給了我一條濕毯子來(lái)蓋住自己，以避高溫，我們把水倒在頭上來(lái)給自己降溫。A.light光；B.heat高溫；C.fear害怕；D.coldness寒冷。根據(jù)下文“tocoolourselves”可推知，此處指巖漿很熱，需要用濕毯子蓋住自己，給自己降溫，避免溫度過(guò)高，造成燙傷。故選B項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于燃燒的房屋的熱量和煙，我們幾乎無(wú)法呼吸。A.smoke煙；B.smell氣味；C.sight視野；D.sound聲音。根據(jù)上文“Isawblacksmoke”和“couldhardlybreathe”以及下文“oftheburninghouses”可推知，使作者很難呼吸的原因是燃燒時(shí)產(chǎn)生的大量熱量和煙。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：多虧我的房東，我才在火山中活了下來(lái)。A.for為了；B.of屬于（某物/某人）；C.to到，向；D.with具有，和。根據(jù)上文“Mylandlordgavemeawetblankettocovermyself”和“Thanks”以及下文“mylandlord,Isurvivedthevolcano”可推知，此處指多虧了房東，作者才在這次火山噴發(fā)事件中得以幸存。固定搭配“thanksto”意為“幸虧、歸因于”。故選C項(xiàng)。第II卷（非選擇題滿分40分）第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分35分）第二節(jié)（共10小題,每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ifyouthinkyoungpeoplecan’tmakeadifferencetotheworld,thinkagain.Overtheyears,teenshaveinvented____41____(amaze)thingsthatsolveproblemsandhavechangedthewayspeopledothings.Andthey’regoingtocontinuetoinventthingsinthefuture.Takefourteen-year-oldEliottSarrey____42____example.Hisinvention,Bot2karot,isagardeningrobotthatcan____43____(easy)takecareofasmallvegetablegarden.Therobot____44____(control)byanapponasmartphone.It____45____(help)peoplegrowandtakecareofvegetables.Italsosaveswaterandenergy,andmakesgardeningeasyforpeople____46____areverybusyorhavedifficultygettingaround.BrookeMartinis____47____animalloverwhomissedherdogwhenshewasaway.Shealsoknewthat____48____(she)dogsufferedfrompressurewhensheleft.SoBrookeinventediCPoochwhenshewasjusttwelveyearsold.TheiCPoochletspet____49____(owner)checkontheirpetsfromanywhereintheworldusingasmartphone.Kidsallovertheworldfindways____50____(solve)differentproblemseveryday.Whoknows?Maybethenexttimeyouhaveaproblem,you’llcomeupwiththenextamazingidea!【答案】41.amazing42.for43.easily44.iscontrolled45.helps46.who##that47.an48.her49.owners50.tosolve【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，這要介紹了一些青少年的發(fā)明。【41題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：多年來(lái)，青少年已經(jīng)發(fā)明了一些神奇的東西來(lái)解決問(wèn)題，并改變了人們做事的方式。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要使用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾things，指物用-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞，amazing“令人驚奇的”符合句意，故填amazing?！?2題詳解】考查介詞。句意：以14歲的EliottSarrey為例。短語(yǔ)take…forexample“以…為例”，故填for?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他的發(fā)明，Bot2karot，是一個(gè)園藝機(jī)器人，可以很容易地照顧一個(gè)小菜園。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處修飾動(dòng)詞使用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，故填easily。【44題詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：機(jī)器人由智能手機(jī)上的應(yīng)用程序控制。Therobot與control之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文時(shí)態(tài)及句意可知，陳述現(xiàn)在的事情，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，這里要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)therobot為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)使用相應(yīng)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填iscontrolled?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：它幫助人們種植和照料蔬菜。結(jié)合上下文時(shí)態(tài)及句意可知，車數(shù)現(xiàn)在的事情，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)It為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)使用相應(yīng)的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填helps?！?6題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。