外研版高中英語選擇性必修第二冊Unit5高考練含答案

Unit5Adelicateworld高考練閱讀理解(2023新課標(biāo)Ⅰ,B)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat'shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”1.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling.B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind.D.Helongedtobeadoctor.2.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals.B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants.D.Totesttheeco-machine.3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C.TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.4.WhatisthebasisforJohn'swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself.B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse.D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.高考詞匯站派生/合成詞匯1.organicadj.有機(jī)的;生物的→n.生物,有機(jī)體2.fiberglassn.

熟詞生義3.figurev.4.placev.

答案與分層梯度式解析Unit5Adelicateworld高考練◎語篇解讀本文是記敘文,主要講述了約翰·托德自孩童時(shí)代就對自然生態(tài)感興趣,致力于此方面研究并應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐的經(jīng)歷。1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中描述約翰·托德的關(guān)鍵詞(第一段中的“helovedtoexplore...observinghow...startedtowonderif...”和第二段中的“Afterstudying...Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.”)可概括推斷出,約翰·托德自孩童時(shí)代就喜歡探究和質(zhì)疑。因此C項(xiàng)“他有探究精神”符合題意。故選C。2.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句和第三段第一句可知,約翰決定建造一個(gè)生態(tài)箱是為了清理污泥中的有害物質(zhì)。第三段主要講述了約翰的實(shí)驗(yàn)過程(把污泥放進(jìn)水箱里并觀察),第四段描述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果(這個(gè)生態(tài)箱里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成食物吃了)。由此可推斷出,約翰把污泥放進(jìn)水箱的目的是測試他研制的生態(tài)箱。故選D。學(xué)科思維本題屬于跨段落命題,創(chuàng)新命題形式,加大了考生解題的難度。考生需要綜合相關(guān)信息后進(jìn)行整體推斷,再對四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的含義進(jìn)行一一甄別。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Fuzhou可定位到第五段。根據(jù)第五段第一句中的“Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs”可知,約翰已經(jīng)承擔(dān)了很多大型工作。緊接著通過他的發(fā)明應(yīng)用于南伯靈頓和福州的例子來說明他的想法在實(shí)踐中的應(yīng)用。故選B。4.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本文主要圍繞第一段中約翰的疑問展開,正是在探索這個(gè)疑問中,他發(fā)明了“生態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)”,因此他發(fā)明的根源就是大自然的自我修復(fù)能力。最后一段中的“Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”也印證其工作依據(jù)就是大自然的“自我修復(fù)”這一理念。故選A?！靖呖荚~匯站】1.organism2.玻璃纖維3.認(rèn)為4.放置,擺放長難句原句Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowond