江蘇省2025屆高三英語4月第三次百校聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGEPAGE30江蘇省2025屆高三英語4月第三次百校聯(lián)考試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisatailor.B.Heisarepairman.C.Heisawaiter.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Abestsailor.B.Agoodbusiness.C.Alatestbook.3.Whatwasthematterwiththebaby?A.Shedranksomeink.B.Sheatetoomuch.C.Shehadafever.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attherailwaystation.B.Atthebookstore.C.Atthebusstop.5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.LookforTom.B.GiveTomaphonecall.C.ContinuetowaitforTom.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小愿，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whereisthenewspaper?A.Onthesofa.B.Onthetable.C.Onthechair.7.Whatisthearticlethemanwantstoreadabout?A.Aninterview.B.Basketballstars.C.Famouswriter聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemanhavetroublesleeping?A.Heexercisestoomuch.B.Hehearsloudnoiseatnight.C.Heconcernstoomuchabouthiswork.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Changeanotherjob.B.Workharder.C.Takesomemedicine.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whendidthespeakersmeetlasttime?A.Sixhoursago.B.Sixmonthsago.C.Oneyearago.11.Whichgiftdoesthemangivetothegirl?A.Aschoolbag.B.Acreditcard.C.Abike.12.HowdidthemangettoBeijing?A.Bytrain.B.Byplane.C.Bycar.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoweknowaboutTesla?A.ItisanEnglishcarcompany.B.Itaimsatsellinggasolinecars.C.Itfocusesondrivingpowerofcars.14.WhenwasTeslafounded?A.In2003.B.In2015.C.In2016.15.WhatisthesellingpointofModelX?A.Itssize.B.Itssensor.C.Itswingdoors.16.WhyisTeslacallingonconsumerstouseelectricityascarpower?A.Tobringinhugeprofits.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Tohonortheelectricalengineer.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.InwhichseasondidthespeakervisitStonehenge?A.Winter.BAutumn.C.Summer.18.Howmuchdoeseachstoneweigh?A.Nearly3tones.B.Nearly5tons.C.Nearly18tons.19.Howdidthespeakerfeelwhenshesawthestonescloseup?A.Uninterested.B.Frightened.C.Amazed.20.Whatdidthespeakerwanttoknowwhenwalkingaroundthestones?A.Wherethestonescamefrom.B.Whythestoneswerebuiltthatway.C.Whetherpeoplewerelonelyinancienttimes.其次部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThisCheapDroneMightBeTheBestSellingGiftOf2024Phoneselfiesareboring.Peoplearen'tdoingthemanymoreandthey'vebecomeunpopular.First,therewasthestandardselfie,thentheselfiestick,andnowthenextevolutionoftheselfiehasarrived!WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?It'sthenewDroneXPro,abrandnewtypeofdronemadesothatanyonecanflyit.It'sperfectformakingtheultimateselfies!TheDroneXProwasdesignedbytwoGermanengineerswholovedrones.Theyfoundthatthedronestheyhadwereverybig,heavyanddifficulttotravelwith.So,theydesignedthisultra-compact,lightdrone.HowDoesItWork?Youhavetoinstallanapp(justscantheQRcodeinthemanual).It'sallveryeasy.Onceyouhavedonethat,justpluginthebattery,connecttoyourdroneandstartuptheapp.Inlessthan10secondsyou'rereadytoflyyourdrone!Thecontrolsarejustsuperbandflyingthedronefeelsnatural.Onceyou'reintheair,it'stimetousethebuilt-incamera.Youcantakethemostamazingpicturesandvideosfromotherwiseimpossibleanglesandimpressyourfriendswiththecoolestselfies!What'sthepriceandgood?Theysellitforonly$99(linkhere),whichistremendouslycheapforadroneofthisquality!ThemainbenefitsoftheDroneXProareitsportability,price,cameraanditseaseofuse.1.Whoisthetextmostprobablyintendedfor?A.thetourists.B.cameralovers.C.selfielovers.D.selfieproducers.2.WhatistrueabouttheadvantageofthenewDroneXPro?A.ItwasdesignedbytwoGermanengineers.B.Itisnolongerhugeandweightybutveryexpensive.C.Itisportableanduser-friendly.D.Itisbasedonappandassistedbysolarpower.3.Whereisthepassagepossiblytakenfrom?A.atravelguide.B.anadvertisement.C.abrochure.D.atextbook.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一款幫助人們自拍的無人機(jī)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Phoneselfiesareboring.Peoplearen'tdoingthemanymoreandthey'vebecomeunpopular.(手機(jī)自拍很無聊。人們不再這樣做了，它們變得不受歡迎)”以及其次段“First,therewasthestandardselfie,thentheselfiestick,andnowthenextevolutionoftheselfiehasarrived!(先是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的自拍，然后是自拍桿，現(xiàn)在自拍的下一個(gè)進(jìn)化已經(jīng)到來了)”可知，用手機(jī)自拍很無聊，這種自拍方式不再受歡迎，現(xiàn)在下一個(gè)自拍方式到了，可以推斷出該無人機(jī)最適合自拍愛好者，故選C。

【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章最終一段中“ThemainbenefitsoftheDroneXProareitsportability,price,cameraanditseaseofuse.(DroneXPro的主要優(yōu)點(diǎn)是便攜性、價(jià)格、攝像頭和易用性)”可知，新的DroneXPro的優(yōu)點(diǎn)有便攜帶和便利用戶運(yùn)用，故選C。【3題詳解】推理推斷題。文章題目為“ThisCheapDroneMightBeTheBestSellingGiftOf2024(2024年最暢銷的禮物—廉價(jià)無人機(jī))”，原文從創(chuàng)建緣由、工作原理和價(jià)格等方面對它進(jìn)行全方位介紹來吸引顧客購買該無人機(jī)，最終一段“Theysellitforonly$99(linkhere),whichistremendouslycheapforadroneofthisquality!(他們只賣99美元（鏈接這里），這是特別便宜的這種質(zhì)量的無人機(jī))”有價(jià)格和購買鏈接，所以這是一則自拍無人機(jī)的廣告，故選B。B“TheGreatGoodPlace”isashortstorybyAmericannovelistHenryJames,firstpublishedin1900.Itsthemeisthatpeopleneedaplacewheretheycanescapethegrindofdailylife.ThisisanideathatHowardSchultz,whoturnedtheStarbuckscoffeechainintoaninternationalgiant,usedinhisbusinessstrategy.Bornin1952,SchultzgrewupinBrooklyn.Afteruniversity,heworkedforafirmsupplyingcoffee-makingequipment.Shortlyafterworkingthere,SchultznoticedthatacompanyinSeattlewasbuyingasurprisinglylargeamountofthefirm'sequipment,andhedecidedtoinvestigate.Itturnedouttobeasimplecoffee-beanstore,butitsownerswerecommittedtoteachingthepublictoappreciategoodcoffee.ThisstoreinSeattleopenedin1971andtookitsnamefromStarbuck,asailorintheclassicnovelMobyDick.Itslogowasatwo-tailedmermaid.Fascinatedbyitsowners'commitmenttocoffee,SchultzjoinedStarbucks.Later,onatriptoEurope,hewasimpressedbythewaythatstreetcafésinItalywerebothmeetingpointsandplacestodrinkespresso.ThiswassomethingAmericandidn'thaveyet.In1985,Schultzstartedhisowncoffee-barbusiness,whichsoonbecameasuccess.Twoyearslater,hegottogetherwithsomeotherinvestorsandboughtStarbucksforUS$3.8million.Adoptingthenameandlogo,Schultzdevelopedamarketingstrategythatturnedordinarycafésintofashionableoutletsforcoffee.Heusedclevertricks,suchassellingcoffeein"short","tall"and"grande"sizeratherthantheusualsmall,medium,andlarge.CustomerslearnedtopronounceunfamiliarItaliannameslikelatteandmacchiato.Schultzactuallycreatedamarketthathadn'texistedbefore.Within20years,SchultzhadtakencoffeeculturefromthestreetsofEuropetoalmosteverycityindevelopedcountries.Today,millionsofpeopleaweekvisitStarbuckslocationsincountriesglobally.Clearly,thesecustomersarehappywiththe"greatgoodplace".4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“grind”meaninparagraph1?A.boredom B.flavor C.virtue D.intervention5.WhydidSchultzdecidetojoinStarbucks?A.Hewantedtoexpandhisbusinessofequipment.B.HistripEuropeinstructedhimandchangedhisinitialmind.C.Hewasstruckbytheitsowner'sdevotiontocoffee.D.HewasimpressedbytherelaxingatmosphereinStarbucks.6.Accordingtothepassage,Schultz'sbusinessstrategiesdoNOTinclude.A.openingstoresallovertheworld.B.changingthenameandlogoofthestoreatsomelocations.C.sellingcoffeein“short”,“tall”and“grande”sizes.D.Hiswisdomandcooperationwithotherinvestors.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheStarbuckscoffeechainoriginatedinSeattle.B.StreetcafesinItalyusuallyhavefarmorecustomersthancafesinAmerica.C.StarbucksarewhatAmericannovelistHenryJamesdescribed“greatgoodplaces”。D.SchultzsuccessfullytransformedStarbucksintoaninternationalgiant.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章整體敘寫了HowardSchultz是如何將星巴克咖啡連鎖店打造成一家商業(yè)巨頭的過程。【4題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文““TheGreatGoodPlace”isashortstorybyAmericannovelistHenryJames,firstpublishedin1900.Itsthemeisthatpeopleneedaplacewheretheycanescapethe”(“宏大的好地方”是美國小說家HenryJames寫的短篇故事，首次發(fā)表于1900年。它的主題是人們須要一個(gè)他們可以的地方)可知，劃線處的這句話是說明上文的“宏大的好地方”，這個(gè)地方可以逃離日常生活的什么，從這可以推想出這個(gè)詞是形容日常生活不好的方面，即日常生活中的乏味、無聊。故畫線詞意思是“乏味”。A.boredom乏味，厭倦；B.flavor風(fēng)味；C.virtue優(yōu)點(diǎn)；D.intervention介入。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Fascinatedbyitsowners'commitmenttocoffee,SchultzjoinedStarbucks.(Schultz被老板對咖啡的投入所吸引，加入了星巴克)”可知，由于主子對咖啡的投入，Schultz加入了星巴克。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“In1985,Schultzstartedhisowncoffee-barbusiness,whichsoonbecameasuccess.Twoyearslater,hegottogetherwithsomeotherinvestorsandboughtStarbucksforUS$3.8million.Adoptingthenameandlogo,Schultzdevelopedamarketingstrategythatturnedordinarycafésintofashionableoutletsforcoffee.Heusedclevertricks,suchassellingcoffeein“short”,“tall”and“grande”sizeratherthantheusualsmall,medium,andlarge.CustomerslearnedtopronounceunfamiliarItaliannameslikelatteandmacchiato.Schultzactuallycreatedamarketthathadn'texistedbefore.(1985年，Schultz起先了自己的咖啡館生意，并很快取得了勝利。兩年后，他和其他一些投資者一起，以380萬美元的價(jià)格收購了星巴克。采納了這個(gè)名字和標(biāo)記，舒爾茨開發(fā)了一種營銷策略，將一般的cafés變成了時(shí)尚的咖啡店。他運(yùn)用了一些奇妙的手法，比如用“矮”、“高”和“大”來銷售咖啡，而不是通常的小、中、大尺碼。顧客們學(xué)會了讀不熟識的意大利名字，比如拿鐵和瑪奇朵。Schultz創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)前所未有的市場)”以及第五段中“Within20years,SchultzhadtakencoffeeculturefromthestreetsofEuropetoalmosteverycityindevelopedcountries.(在20年的時(shí)間里，Schultz將咖啡文化從歐洲的街頭帶到幾乎全部發(fā)達(dá)國家的城市)”可知，Schultz的商業(yè)策略包括在全世界開店，把咖啡以“矮”、“高”和“大”來進(jìn)行銷售，以及他的才智和與其他投資者合作，但不包括在一些地點(diǎn)變更商店的名稱和標(biāo)識。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“ThisisanideathatHowardSchultz,whoturnedtheStarbuckscoffeechainintoaninternationalgiant,usedinhisbusinessstrategy.(這是把星巴克咖啡連鎖店打造成國際巨頭的HowardSchultz在他的商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略中運(yùn)用的理念)”結(jié)合文章整體敘寫了HowardSchultz是如何將星巴克咖啡連鎖店打造成一家商業(yè)巨頭的過程?？芍@篇文章的主旨是Schultz勝利地將星巴克轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)國際巨頭公司。故選D。CJeromeH.Powell,theFederalReservechair,suggestedonWednesdaythatimprovedchildcaresupportpoliciesfromthegovernmentmighthelppullmorewomenintothelabormarket.“Ourpeers,ourcompetitors,advancedeconomywesterncountries,haveamorebuilt-upfunctionforchildcare,andtheywinduphavingmuchhigherlaborforceparticipationforwomen,”Mr.Powellsaid,“Weusedtoleadtheworldinfemalelaborforceparticipation,aquarter-centuryago,andwenolongerdo.”ButMr.Powelldidvoicequalifiedsupportforafewbroaderideas.Hemadeitclearthatthelabormarketremainedfarfromhealed,thatthepandemic'seconomicoutcomehaslargelyhurtwomenandminoritiessincethewinterof2024,andthatbothCongressandthecentralbankhavearoletoplayinsupportingworking-classfamiliesuntiltheeconomyhasrecoveredmorefully.AsMr.Powellimplied,adultwomenintheUnitedStatesholdjobsorlookforthematlowerratesthanwomeninsomeothermajoradvancedeconomies,suchasCanadaorGermany.Researchhassuggestedthatthechangemaybelinkedtochildcarepolicies.Ina2024paperthataskedwhytheshareofCanadianswhoworkorlookforjobshadclimbedevenasUnitedStateslaborforceattachmenthadfallen,researchersattheFederalReserveBankofSanFranciscopointedoutthatmostofthegapowedtodifferentoutcomesforwomen.Andtheypointedtocaregivingpolicydifferencesasalikelyreason.“ParentalleavepoliciesinCanadaprovidestrongmotivationtoremainattachedtothelaborforcefollowingthearrivalofanewchild,"thepaper,writtenbytheSanFranciscoFedpresident,MaryC.Daly,andco-authors,pointedout.“ThecontrastbetweenthemotivationsCanadaandtheUnitedStatesofferprime-ageworkerstoremainattachedtothelaborforceisclear.”ThefactthatchildcareresponsibilitiesfallheavilyonwomenintheUnitedStateshascomeunderabrighterspotlightduringthepandemic,whichhasshutteredschoolsanddisproportionatelyleftwomenbearingaddedchildcareresponsibilitiesduringthetraditionalworkday.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.TherateofAmericanfemaleemploymentwasthehighestfivedecadesago.B.WomenintheUSAarefedupwithlaborwork.C.TheUSAhaslostitsleadingstatusinfemalelaborforceparticipation.D.AdvancedWesterncountrieshavelowerrateofemploymentcomparedwiththatoftheUSA.9.Accordingtothepassage,whomostneedfinancialsupportafterbeingaffectedbyCOVID-19intheUS?A.Theblackfemalesandchildren.B.Theworking-classAmericans.C.Thehigh-incomegroups.D.Thebusinessmenandpoliticians.10.Asforthedifferentemploymentrateamongadvancedeconomies,whatmaybethemaincause?A.Differentsocialstatus.B.Theeconomicincome.C.Thechildcarepolicy.D.Governmenteconomicpolicy.11.HowcanwedescribethesituationofAmericanwomenduringthepandemic?A.Americanwomenliveundergreatpressure.B.Americanwomenliveacarefreelife.C.Americanwomenarehardworkingandoptimistic.D.Americanwomenareunemployedandpressured.【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。由于新冠病毒的傳播，美國婦女承受著更大的壓力，失去了在勞動(dòng)參加力上的全球領(lǐng)先地位。政府改進(jìn)的兒童保育支持政策，會有助于吸引更多女性進(jìn)入勞動(dòng)力市場。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Weusedtoleadtheworldinfemalelaborforceparticipation,aquarter-centuryago,andwenolongerdo.”（25年前，我們曾經(jīng)在女性勞動(dòng)力參加方面領(lǐng)先世界，現(xiàn)在我們不再是這樣了。）可知，美國失去了在女性勞動(dòng)力參加率方面的全球領(lǐng)先地位。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Hemadeitclearthatthelabormarketremainedfarfromhealed,thatthepandemic'seconomicoutcomehaslargelyhurtwomenandminoritiessincethewinterof2024,andthatbothCongressandthecentralbankhavearoletoplayinsupportingworking-classfamiliesuntiltheeconomyhasrecoveredmorefully.”（他明確表示，勞動(dòng)力市場仍遠(yuǎn)未愈合，自2024年冬天，流行病的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)果已經(jīng)很大程度上損害了女性和少數(shù)民族，國會和央行都有責(zé)任在經(jīng)濟(jì)充分復(fù)蘇之前支持工人階級家庭。）可知，最須要財(cái)政支持的是工人階級。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。文章第四段第一句“Researchhassuggestedthatthechangemaybelinkedtochildcarepolicies.”（探討表明，這一變更可能與兒童保育政策有關(guān)。）是承上啟下的過渡句，說明美國女性勞動(dòng)力參加率較低的緣由與兒童保育政策有關(guān)，結(jié)合下文對其他發(fā)達(dá)國家的描述，說明發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體之間女性勞動(dòng)力的差異主要緣由是兒童保育政策。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章最終一段“ThefactthatchildcareresponsibilitiesfallheavilyonwomenintheUnitedStateshascomeunderabrighterspotlightduringthepandemic,whichhasshutteredschoolsanddisproportionatelyleftwomenbearingaddedchildcareresponsibilitiesduringthetraditionalworkday.（在大流行期間，美國婦女擔(dān)當(dāng)著照看孩子的重任，這一事實(shí)受到了越來越多的關(guān)注。流行病導(dǎo)致學(xué)校停課，婦女在傳統(tǒng)工作日擔(dān)當(dāng)了更多照看孩子的責(zé)任。）”可推斷，在流行病期間，美國婦女擔(dān)當(dāng)巨大壓力。故選A項(xiàng)。DForestsincountrieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofattentionfromenvironmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhySouthAmericaandsub-SaharanAfricaareexperiencingalossofforestonalargescale:everyyearalmost5millionhectares（公頃）arelost.ButforestsarealsochanginginrichWesterncountries.Theyaregrowinglarger,bothinthesensethattheyoccupymoreandthatthetreesinthemandbigger.Whatisgoingon?ForestsarespreadinginalmostallWesterncountries,withfastestgrowthinplacesthathistoricallyhadratherfewtrees.In199028%ofSpainwasforests;nowtheproportionis37%.InbothGreeceandItaly,thegrowthwasfrom26%to32%overthesameperiod.ForestsaregraduallytakingmoreandinAmericaandAustralia.PerhapsmostastonishingisthetrendinIreland.Roughly1%ofthatcountrywasforestedwhenitbecameindependentin1922.Forestscover11%oftheland,andthegovernmentwantstopushtheproportionto18%bythe2040s.Twothingsarefertilizingthisgrowth.Thefirstistheabandonmentoffarmland,especiallyinhigh,dryplaceswherenothinggrowsterriblywell.Whenfarmersgiveuptryingtoearnalivingfromfarmingorherdingtreessimplymovein.Thesecondisgovernmentpolicyandsubsidy（補(bǔ)貼）.Throughouthistory,governmentshaveprotectedandpromotedforestsfordiversereasons,rangingfromtheneedforwoodenwarshipstoadesiretopromotesuburbanhouse-building.Nowadaysforestsareincreasinglywelcomebecausetheysuckincarbonpollutionfromtheair.Thejustificationchange;desireformoretreesremainsconstant.ThegreeningoftheWestdoesnotdelighteveryone.Farmerscomplainthatlandisbeingtakenoutofusebygenerouslysubsidizedtreeplantations.PartsofSpainandPortugalsufferfromterribleforestfires.Otherssimplydisliketheappearanceofforestsplantedinneatrows.Theywillhavetogetusedtothetrees,however.ThegrowthofWesternforestsseemsalmostasunstoppableasdeforestationelsewhere.12.Whatiscatchingenvironmentalist'sattentionnowadays?A.Richcountriesarerobbingpooronesoftheirresources.B.Forestsarefastshrinkinginmanydevelopingcountries.C.Forestsareeatingawaythefertilefarmlandworldwide.D.Richcountriesaredoinglittletoaddressdeforestation.13.Whichcountrieshavethefastestforestgrowth?A.Thosethathavenewlyachievedindependence.B.Thosethathavethegreatestdemandfortimber.C.Thosethatusedtohavethelowestforestcoverage.D.Thosethatprovideenormousgovernmentsubsidies.14.Whataccountforourincreasingdesireforforests?A.Theiruniquescenicbeauty.B.Theiruseasfruitplantation.C.Theircapabilityofimprovingairquality.D.Theirstablesupplyofbuildingmaterials.15.Whatdoestheauthorconcludeaboutthefutureofforestation?A.Desertsinsub-SaharanAfricawilldecreasegradually.B.Itwillplayamoreandmoreimportantroleinpeople'slives.C.Forestsdestructioninthedevelopingworldwillquicklyslowdown.D.Developedanddevelopingcountriesaremovinginoppositedirection.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說明文。發(fā)展中國家的森林正在不斷萎縮，同時(shí)，西方國家的森林在不斷增長，它們向著完全相反的兩個(gè)方向發(fā)展。【12題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“ForestsincountrieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofattentionfromenvironmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhySouthAmericaandsub-SaharanAfricaareexperiencingalossofforestonalargescale:everyyearalmost5millionhectaresarelost.”（像巴西和剛果這樣的國家的森林受到了環(huán)保主義者的廣泛關(guān)注，同時(shí)很簡潔理解為什么南美洲和撒哈拉以南的非洲正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)大規(guī)模的森林消逝：每年幾乎有500萬公頃的森林消逝。）可知，在很多發(fā)展中國家，森林正在快速萎縮，這件事引發(fā)了環(huán)境愛護(hù)者的關(guān)注。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章其次段“ForestsarespreadinginalmostallWesterncountries,withfastestgrowthinplacesthathistoricallyhadratherfewtrees.”（森林在幾乎全部的西方國家都在擴(kuò)散，在歷史上樹木較少的地方增長最快。）可知，森林在歷史上樹木罕見的地方增長最快。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第三段“Nowadaysforestsareincreasinglywelcomebecausetheysuckincarbonpollutionfromtheair.”（現(xiàn)在森林越來越受歡迎，因?yàn)樗鼈兗橙】諝庵械奶嘉廴尽＃┛芍?，森林能夠汲取碳污染，從而改善空氣質(zhì)量，因此，我們對于森林的渴望與日俱增。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。由文章第一段“ForestsincountrieslikeBrazilandtheCongogetalotofattentionfromenvironmentalists,anditiseasytoseewhySouthAmericaandsub-SaharanAfricaareexperiencingalossofforestonalargescale:everyyearalmost5millionhectaresarelost.”（像巴西和剛果這樣的國家的森林受到了環(huán)保主義者的廣泛關(guān)注，同時(shí)很簡潔理解為什么南美洲和撒哈拉以南的非洲正在經(jīng)驗(yàn)大規(guī)模的森林消逝：每年幾乎有500萬公頃的森林消逝。）和最終一段“ThegrowthofWesternforestsseemsalmostasunstoppableasdeforestationelsewhere.”（西方森林的增長好像和其他地方的森林砍伐一樣不行阻擋。）可知，西方發(fā)達(dá)國家的森林不斷增長，發(fā)展中國家的森林在快速削減，它們向著完全相反的兩個(gè)方向發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Theyear2024marksthebeginningofthedecadeoftheyold,orthe“youngold”，astheJapanesecallpeopleagedbetween65and75,whocontinuetoworkandstaysociallyengaged.____16____.Theyoldaremorenumerous,healthierandwealthierthanpreviousgenerationsofseniors.____17____Ofthe3.7yearsofincreasedlifeexpectancy(預(yù)期壽命)inrichcountriesbetween2000and2015,saystheWHO,3.2yearswereenjoyedingoodhealth.Workingisoneofthefactorsthatarehelpingpeoplestayhealthylonger.AGermanstudyfoundthatpeoplewhoremainatworkafterthenormalretirementagemanagetoslowthecognitive(認(rèn)知的)decline.Theyoldarealsobetteroff,whilethewealthofallotheragegroupsdeclined.TheyoldarenotjustanygroupofoldpeopleTheyarechallengingthetraditionalexpectationsoftheretiredaswhoarewearingindoorshoesandlookafterthegrandchildren.____18____Theybecomeoneofthefastestgrowinggroupforairlinebusiness.Theyspendmuchmore,whentakingaforeignholiday,thanyoungadults.SotheyarevitaltotheTourismindustry.TheyarealsochangingeducationandfinanceBecauseoftheimportanceofpensions,theyoldaretransforminginsurancecompaniesfrompassivedistributorsoffiredannuities(年金)tofinancialserviceprovidersforcustomerswhowanttomanagetheirpensionpotsmoreactively.____19____Theyfindthatolderworkershave,ifanything,slightlyabove-averageproductivityandthatteamsofworkersfrommultiplegenerationsarethemostproductiveofall.Societiesshouldbebetteroffbecausepublicspendingonhealthandpensionsshouldbelowerthanexpected,aspeopleworklongerandneedlessmedicalcare.Today,somebigthingswillhavetochange,underpressurefromtheyoldthemselves.Themostimportantispublicattitudestowardsolderpeopleandinparticulartheexpectationthat60-somethingsoughttoquietlyretireintothebackground.____20____Theyoldwilldemandthatcompaniesbecomemoreage-friendlyand,intheprocess,helpchangeattitudestowardsagingitself.A.Healthyyoldpeoplewillrequiregreatchangesinhealthspending.B.Manycompaniesdiscriminateagainstolderworkersbyofferingtrainingonlytoyoungerones.C.Theriseoftheyoldwilldefinitelybeablessingtobothcultureandeconomy.D.Healthworsenswithage,buttheyoldareresistingthedeclinebetterthanmost.E.Manybossesthinkproductivityfallswithage,butstudiesinGermanysuggestotherwise.F.Thatwilldisturbconsumers,serviceandfinancialmarkets.G.Theyold,intheirnewappearanceastheyoungold,areexpectedtochangetheworld.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.E20.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇爭論文。本文從日本老齡化社會動(dòng)身，論述了悠得人群體日漸成為社會生產(chǎn)力和消費(fèi)勁的現(xiàn)象。【16題詳解】下一句“Theyoldaremorenumerous,healthierandwealthierthanpreviousgenerationsofseniors.(與上一代老年人相比，悠得人的數(shù)量更多，更健康，也更富有)”說明悠得人比上一代老年人的數(shù)量更多，更健康，也更富有，因此，G項(xiàng)“Theyold,intheirnewappearanceastheyoungold,areexpectedtochangetheworld(悠得人，以他們年輕老人的新面貌，有望變更這個(gè)世界)”符合語境，選項(xiàng)中的“newappearance”是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】下一句“Ofthe3.7yearsofincreasedlifeexpectancy(預(yù)期壽命)inrichcountriesbetween2000and2015,saystheWHO,3.2yearswereenjoyedingoodhealth.(世衛(wèi)組織稱，2000至2015年間，富有國家的預(yù)期壽命延長了3.7年，其中有3.2年是在良好的健康狀態(tài)下度過的)”提到世界衛(wèi)生組織的調(diào)查結(jié)論，隨著人們預(yù)期壽命的增長，健康的年限也在增長，且下文的“Workingisoneofthefactorsthatarehelpingpeoplestayhealthylonger.”說明工作有益健康，可推知，首句必定和健康有關(guān)，因此，D項(xiàng)“Healthworsenswithage,buttheyoldareresistingthedeclinebetterthanmost.(健康狀況隨著年齡的增長而惡化，但悠得人比大多數(shù)人更能反抗這種衰退)”符合語境，與最終一句“Theyoldarealsobetteroff,whilethewealthofallotheragegroupsdeclined.(悠得人群的境況也更富有，而其他全部年齡組的財(cái)寶都在下降。)”呼應(yīng)，介紹悠得人群的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“TheyoldarenotjustanygroupofoldpeopleTheyarechallengingthetraditionalexpectationsoftheretiredaswhoarewearingindoorshoesandlookafterthegrandchildren.(悠得人并非僅是一波尋常的老人。他們正在挑戰(zhàn)人們對退了休的人穿著拖鞋、照看孫兒這種慣有的預(yù)期)”以及下文“SotheyarevitaltotheTourismindustry.Theyarealsochangingeducationandfinance…(因此，它們對旅游業(yè)至關(guān)重要。他們也在變更教化和金融)”談到，這批人將變更對老人的傳統(tǒng)印象，認(rèn)為老人是待在家里的照看孫子孫女的，下文談到是老人起先成為航空業(yè)、旅游業(yè)的?？?，甚至超過了年輕人，可推知，該題干要體現(xiàn)出與常識不同的差異性，因此，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Thatwilldisturbconsumers,serviceandfinancialmarkets(這將擾亂消費(fèi)者、服務(wù)業(yè)和金融市場)”符合語境，該選項(xiàng)中“disturb”是關(guān)鍵詞，與上下文呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Theyfindthatolderworkershave,ifanything,slightlyabove-averageproductivityandthatteamsofworkersfrommultiplegenerationsarethemostproductiveofall(他們發(fā)覺，若要說有什么區(qū)分的話，老年員工的生產(chǎn)率略高于平均水平；而由來自不同代際的員工組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)生產(chǎn)率最高)”談到，年長的工人的效率會更高，因此，E項(xiàng)“Manybossesthinkproductivityfallswithage,butstudiesinGermanysuggestotherwise.(很多老板和人力資源部門認(rèn)為生產(chǎn)率會隨年齡增長而下降，但是德國的探討表明并非如此)”符合語境，反對一些人所認(rèn)為的工作效率隨年齡增長而倒退的觀點(diǎn)。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Themostimportantispublicattitudestowardsolderpeopleandinparticulartheexpectationthat60-somethingsoughttoquietlyretireintothebackground(最重要的是公眾對老年人的看法，尤其是對60多歲的人應(yīng)當(dāng)靜靜退居幕后的期望)”以及下文“Theyoldwilldemandthatcompaniesbecomemoreage-friendlyand,intheprocess,helpchangeattitudestowardsagingitself.(悠得人將要求公司變得更“高齡友善”，并在這一過程中幫助變更人們對于“變老”這件事本身的看法)”提到，一些人認(rèn)為60歲以上的員工應(yīng)當(dāng)迎接退休，下文又談到了悠得人的訴求，希望公司變得更“高齡友善”，可推知，B項(xiàng)“Manycompaniesdiscriminateagainstolderworkersbyofferingtrainingonlytoyoungerones(很多公司卑視年長的工人，只給年輕人供應(yīng)培訓(xùn))”符合題意，符合上下文反對年齡卑視的語境。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Nicolewasababyofonly28monthsandhadbeeninourneighboringplaygroupwithotherlittlekidsforoveroneyear.ThenmyhusbandandIdecidedtomovehertoafull-daynursery____21____.DuringthefirstseveraldaysIwentwithNicoleeverymorning,andhernew____22____,Diomara,waswaitingforus.Westayedthereforone____23____.Atfirst,sheonlyplayedwithmeoraskedmeto____24____herwherevershewent.After2-3days,Icouldsitaside,watchingherplaywithnewfriends,butsometimesshewouldmakea____25____tolookaroundforme.DuringthesecondweekNicolegradually____26____thenewsettings,andDiomarasuggestedstartingtoleaveNicolethere____27____me.ThenIhugged,kissed,andsaidgoodbyetoher,butshestartedcryingwiththeclear____28____thatmomwouldgo.Feelingsadand____29____,Iknewit'sjusthowbabies____30____.Returningontime,mylittlegirlrantomeatthe____31____ofme.Diomaratoldmeallwasperfect:Nicolecriedandthenstopped.Latershehadagoodtime____32____acastleusingLegoblocks.Thenextdaysheenjoyedawonderfullunchwithotherkids.ThelastdayIstayedthereonlyforawhile.Bythetimeshehadalready____33____theconceptsofleavingandreturning,thatdayshestayedtheretill3pm.Nowsheishappilyinthenewdaycarefortwodaysaweek.Meanwhilesheisstillinthe____34____playgroupforanothertwohalfdays.Graduallyshe'llquitfromtheplaygroup.Therearesomanythingsfar____35____herknowledge,soweneedtoperformwithpatience.21.A.center B.kindergarten C.group D.school22.A.friend B.caregiver C.nurse D.schoolmate23.A.day B.minute C.moment D.hour24.A.watch B.avoid C.accompany D.keep25.A.pause B.mistake C.gesture D.sign26.A.dividedinto B.emergedinto C.easedinto D.divedinto27.A.with B.around C.except D.without28.A.dependence B.consciousness C.loneliness D.wonder29.A.guilty B.depressed C.worried D.awkward30.A.study B.suppose C.treat D.develop31.A.sight B.distance C.idea D.thought