2018屆高考英語知識點提能檢測7

選修八Unit2高考提能練閱讀理解·組塊專練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2016·濰坊市高三一模)BlindDatesatAlchemyintheDarkSouponmynose,anearlyspiltglassofwineandchocolatedownmywhiteblouse,asblinddatessuggest,thiswasareallymessyone.Ihadnevermadesomuchnoisewithplatesandglasses,norhadIdinedwithanever-before-metcompanion.Thisblinddatewasquitedifferent:wecouldseenothing.“Putyourlefthandonmyshoulder,andthenwe’lltakesmallstepsforward，”saidMichael,thevisuallyimpairedwaiter,inanEastLondonaccent.Wethreefeltourwaycarefullybumpingpastheavycurtainsbeforebeingarrangedatthediningtable,wherewewouldeatanddrinkthreecompletelysecretandunseencourses.WelcometoAlchemyintheDark,HongKong’sfirstrestaurantintotaldarkness.Uponarrival,dinersbrieflytellthechefabouttheirallergies(過敏性反應(yīng)),lockawaytheirmobilephonesandenterthewindowlessrestaurant,whichcanseat25customers.Whenthemealisover,thecontentsofthedeliciousmenuareshown—oftentothediners’surprise.“Thisisdefinitelyduck，”mycompanionsaid,whileeatingchicken.“Thissoup，”Ideclared,“iscarrotandcoriander.”Eventhetoo-closesmelldidnotrevealtherealtomatoandcuminflavors.Dininginthedarkchangeseverything:thesenseofsmellisheightened,mannersgooutofthewindow—usingyourhandstofeelaroundtheplatesbecomesnormal—andthereisastrangethrillinbeingabletoignoreyourfacialexpressions.Bestofall?Youdon’thavetospendhoursbeforehandwonderingwhattowear.AlchemyintheDarkisat16ArbuthnotRoad,Central,tel:68212801andisopenMondaytoSaturday,from7pmto11pm.Reservationsarerequired.Athree-coursemealwithwinepairingcostsHK$700perperson.5%ofallprofitsgotoTheHongKongSocietyfortheBlind.語篇解讀：本文為一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在AlchemyintheDark的一次獨特的就餐經(jīng)歷，并對該餐廳做了簡單的介紹。1．Howdidtheauthorandhercompanionarriveattheirdiningtable?A．Bybeingdirected.B．Byfeelingtheirway.C．Bybeingled.D．Byfindingitbythemselves.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“’Putyour...impairedwaiter”可知，作者和同伴是被餐廳的服務(wù)員帶到餐桌邊的，故選C項。2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Thedinersmighteatwhattheyareallergicto.B．TheauthorenjoyedaspeciallunchatAlchemyintheDark.C．Thedinersaren’tallowedtotakephonestotherestaurant.D．TherestaurantdonatedsomemoneytoTheHongKongSocietyfortheBlind.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第二句可排除A和C選項；根據(jù)最后一段中的“openMondaytoSaturday,from7pmto11pm”可排除B選項；根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句可知，餐廳利潤的5%捐贈給香港盲人協(xié)會，故選D項。3．Fromthetextwecanlearnthattheauthor________.A．hadthetablebookedB．sharedthemealwithafriendC．practisedhowtoeatintotaldarknessD．choseherclothesinadvanceforthemeal解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第二句“Reservationsarerequired.”可推知，作者預(yù)訂了餐位，故選A項。4．Thelastparagraphisintendedto________.A．presentsomefactsabouteatinginthedarkB．informwhattodoatAlchemyintheDarkC．introducesomeinformationaboutAlchemyintheDarkD．concludetheexperienceofeatingatAlchemyintheDark解析：選C段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，該段主要是對該餐廳的簡介，故選C項。B(2016·鄭州市第一次質(zhì)檢)DrinksHaveNoWingsYoumayhaveheardthat“RedBullgivesyouwings”.Butwhilemostpeopletaketheadvertisingsloganasametaphor(隱喻),someAmericansseemtohavetakenitveryseriously.BenjaminCareathershadbeendrinkingthedrinkfor10years,expectingtoatleastfeelmoreenergetic,butnothinghappened.Feelingfooledbythead,hetooktheissuetocourtinJanuary,2013.InOctober,theAustria-basedcompanyagreedtopay$6.5million(39.7millionyuan)tocustomerswhohaveboughtthedrinksince2002.PeopleintheUScanapplyforasharethroughbeforeMarch,2015.Butisthecasereallythatridiculous?RedBullsaidtheyhaddonenothingwrongandtheyonlypaidthemoneytosavethecostandtroubleoflegalaction.However,thesuittoldadifferentstory.EventhoughthereisnoevidencethatRedBullenergydrinksprovidemorebenefitforconsumersthanacupofcoffee,thecompanymarketstheirproductsasasuperiorsourceofenergythatcostslittle.“SuchconductmeansthatRedBull’sadvertisingandmarketingisnotjust’puffery’，butismisleadingandthereforeactionable(可訴訟的)，”thesuitsaid.Thecompanysaidthatthedrinkcouldpromotehealthyjointsandreducetheriskofeyediseases.However,accordingtotheorganization,theproductcontainsalotofsugar,whichcouldactuallyleadtomanyhealthproblems.Coca-Colaagreedtopay$1.2millionincompensationinJuly.Buttofullystopthecompanyfromlinkingthedrinktohealthbenefits,TruthinAdvertising,anothernon-profitorganization,tooktheissuetocourtagaininlateOctober.Falseadvertisementshavebecomeacommonproblemaroundtheworld.Chinachangeditsconsumerrightslawlastyeartobanadvertisingcompaniesandmediafrommakingorpublishingfalseadvertisements.Celebrities(明星)arealsomaderesponsibleiftheyendorse(代言)falseorsubstandardproducts.語篇解讀：本文以“紅?！睘槔?，告訴我們夸大其辭做虛假宣傳的商家會受到法律的嚴(yán)懲。5．Whatbenefitscanpeopleget,accordingtotheRedBullcompany?A．Onecanreallyflylikebirds,foritoffersyouwings.B．Drinkit,andonecanbeforeverenergeticandyoung.C．Asitcontainsalotofsugar,itcanmakeonemorepowerful.D．Healthyjointscanbepromotedifonetakesthisdrink.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第八段中的“Thecompanysaidthatthedrinkcouldpromotehealthyjointsandreducetheriskofeyediseases.”可知，公司聲稱紅牛飲料可以使關(guān)節(jié)更加健康。故選D項。6．Thisarticleshowsclearlythat________.A．morecompanieswillbetakentocourtastheyfailtoliveuptotheirpromisesB．bothRedBullandCoca-Colaarenowwinningtheconsumers’trustandrespectC．BenjaminCareathershasbenefitedagreatdealsincehedrankRedBullD．nopufferywordshaveeverappearedinbothRedBullandCoca-Cola’sadvertisements解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第九、十段可知，可口可樂公司因夸大飲料的功效而受到懲罰，而現(xiàn)在世界范圍內(nèi)虛假廣告已經(jīng)成為一個嚴(yán)重的問題，中國政府也改變法律來禁止公司做虛假宣傳，連代言的明星都要承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任，由此可推知，將會有更多夸大其辭的公司被告上法庭，故選A項。7．Facedwiththesuit,theRedBullcompanydecidedto________.A．a(chǎn)pologizetoitscustomersandpayfortheirlossesinhealthB．takefullresponsibilityforthebadeffectsithascausedtoitscustomersC．givenoonebutitsAmericancustomerssomemoneyasarewardD．spendsomemoneytosavethecostandtroubleoflegalaction解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段可知，紅牛公司認(rèn)為自己沒有做錯，他們只是花錢來挽回?fù)p失和處理法律訴訟的問題，故選D項。8．Whatiseachcountryaswellasthepublic’sattitudetowardsthosefalseadvertisements?A．Tolerant. B．Favorable.C．Unbearable. D．Indifferent.解析：選C推理判斷題。閱讀全文可知，政府和很多機構(gòu)都在對做虛假宣傳的公司進行監(jiān)督和處理，夸大其辭的廣告商品非但不能達到廠家宣傳的效果，可能還會對消費者的身體造成危害，因此公眾對這些虛假廣告是無法容忍的，故選C項。C(2016·衡水一中高考模擬)Itis7amandthealarmisgoingoff.Youknowyouhavetobeoutofbedtocatchthebus.Buttheurgetoburyyourselfinthebediseversostrong.Soundsfamiliar?Whyisitthatteensfinditdifficulttogetthemselvesoutofbedintimeeverymorningorstaysharpandfocusedduringthefirstcoupleofhoursofschool?Duringadolescence,thebodygoesthroughmanychangesandtheseincludeashiftinsleeppatterns.ResearchersfromMIThavebeentrackingthebody’sneedforsleepinteenagers.Theyfoundthatthoughadolescentsneedasmuchas9.5hoursofsleepaday,theygettobedlaterandlaterwitheachpassingyear.Infact,thesleepcycleshiftslaterbyasmuchas12to18minuteseachyearbetweentheagesof10and20!Sobythetimea10-year-oldwhosleepsat8pmgrowstobe17or18,hisbodynaturallywantstostayuptill10：30pmor11pm.Accordingtoresearchers,thisisbecauseofahormonecalledmelatonin(褪黑激素)thatissecreted(分泌)bythepinealgland—atinystructuredeepinsidethebrain.Melatoninregulatesthebody’snaturalday-nightrhythms.Itcausesapersontobecomesleepybyloweringhisbody’scoretemperature.Inteens,melatoninissecretedmuchlaterintheeveningandcontinuestoincreasethroughoutthenight.Thismakesitdifficultforteenstofallasleepearlierastheydidintheiryoungeryears.Likewise,theeffectofmelatonincontinuesuntilmuchlaterinthemorning,makingithardforthemtowakeupearly.Astudyfoundthatatleastoneinfourteensistiredandfallsasleepinschoolatleastonceaweek.Duringsleep,importantbodyfunctionsandbrainactivitieshappen.Sohowcanteenagersgettheirsleepenough?TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(AAP)recommendsthatmiddleandhighschoolsshouldstartlater—notbefore8：30am.Thisshouldgiveteenssomemoretimetosleepatnight.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。早睡才能早起，晚睡會導(dǎo)致早上賴床，睡覺周期的改變實際上受制于大腦中一種被稱為褪黑激素的荷爾蒙。9．FromParagraph2,wecanlearnthatifyousleeplate,thenextdayyoushould________.A．staysharp B．skipbreakfastC．getuplate D．stayuplate解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段提到為什么孩子們早上不愿起床，第二段緊接著分析原因，說明孩子們睡覺晚是他們早上賴床的原因，故C項正確。10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3referto?A．Thestudentswanttostayup.B．Theshiftsofthesleepcycle.C．Thepinealglandsecretesmelatonin.D．Theadolescentssleeplate.解析：選B代詞指代題。第二段提到了睡覺周期的改變，第三段緊接著解釋造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因，因此this指睡覺周期的改變，故B項正確。11．Theteensgotosleeplaterthanbeforebecause________.A．melatoninissecretedmuchlaterB．melatoninregulatesthesleeptimeC．theysleepalotinthedaytimeD．theyneedtofinishtheirhomework解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“Inteens,...thenight.”可知，孩子們睡覺晚是由褪黑激素分泌晚造成的，故A項正確。12．AccordingtoAAP’srecommendation,middleandhighschoolsshould________.A．letteenssleepinthedayB．letthestudentsbeactiveC．delaythestarttimeD．startlaterat8am解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句話可知，APP建議初中和高中上午上課的時間應(yīng)該推遲，故C項正確。D(2016·石家莊高三質(zhì)檢一)CommonSenseMediaisanon-profitgroupintheUnitedStatesthatstudieschildren’suseofmediaandtechnology.Thegrouphasdoneasurveyaskingteachersabouttheeffectsoftheirstudents’useofentertainmentmedia.EntertainmentmediawasdefinedastheTVshows,music,videogamesthatstudentsuseforfun.Manyteacherssaidtheybelievemediausehashurtacademicperformance,whichinsomecasesisalreadynotverystrong.VickyRideoutwrotethereportforCommonSenseMedia.“Wehavemerelyfourintenstudentsfeelpooratreading,atoralcommunicationandmorethanthatthingthestudentswronglyfearreportwriting.Soweneedtomakesurethateverythingkidsaredoingishelpingtoaccelerateprogressandnotpreventingit.”Thesurveyinvolved685teachersaroundthecountry.71%oftheteacherssaidtheybelieveentertainmentmediahasreducedstudents’abilitytopayattentioninclass.Andalmost60%saidithashurttheirwritingskills.Manyteachersthoughtithasnegativelyaffectedstudents’ideasaboutboysandgirls’relationship.Manyalsothoughtitencouragesaggressionandanti-socialbehavior.Teacherswhodescribethemselvesasuncomfortablewithnewtechnologiesweremorelikelythanotherteacherstoseedestructiveeffectsofmediauseonsocialdevelopment.Butnotalleffectsofmediausewereseenasbad.Almosttwothirdsofteacherssaiditalsohelpsthestudents’abilitytofindinformationquicklyandefficiently.Andonethirdsaidusingentertainmentmediahashelpedtheirstudentstomultitask(同時執(zhí)行多項任務(wù))effectively.Only25%saiditjusthashurtthem.Teacherswhoconsiderthemselvesastechsavvy(精通技術(shù)的)weremorelikelythanotherstoseeanadvantagetostudents’creativityfromtheuseofentertainmentmedia.VickyRideoutsaidteachersacceptthatthewaystudentsspendtheirtimeandhowtheyliketolearnhaschanged.語篇解讀：美國的CommonSenseMedia通過詢問老師來調(diào)查學(xué)生在使用娛樂傳媒方面的影響，老師們對娛樂傳媒的作用褒貶不一。13．VickyRideoutholdstheviewthatentertainmentmedia________.A．declinesstudents’gradesbadlyB．influencesstudents’performanceC．a(chǎn)ccelerateslearningprogressD．makesallstudentspooratwriting解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中VickyRideout所說的話可知，她認(rèn)為娛樂傳媒影響了學(xué)生的在校表現(xiàn)，故B項正確。14．Teacherswhodescribethemselvesastechnologyknowersweremorelikelythanothersto________.A．seenegativeeffectsofmediauseB．makestudentsaggressiveC．teachstudentstheuseofmediaD．seethebenefitofmediause解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句話可知，這些老師看到的是娛樂傳媒的使用給學(xué)生帶來的好處，故D項正確。15．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatentertainmentmedia________.A．onlyaffectsstudentsnegativelyB．maybebeneficialtoparentsC．isadouble-edgedswordD．willguidepublicopinions解析：選C推理判斷題。文章第二、三段講述娛樂傳媒給學(xué)生造成的不利影響，最后一段談到了娛樂傳媒的益處，可見娛樂傳媒是把雙刃劍，故C項正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2016·江西九校第二次聯(lián)考)Ifyoufeeldepressed,it’sbesttodosomethingaboutit—depressiondoesn’tjustgoawayonitsown.Inadditiontogettinghelpfromadoctororcounselor,herearefourthingsyoucandotofeelbetter.Exercise.Takea15－30minuteswalkeveryday—ordance,jog,orbikeifyouprefer.Peoplewhoaredepressedmaynotfeelmuchlikebeingactive.__1__Onceyougetintheexercisehabit,itwon’ttakelongtonoticeadifferenceinyourmood.Cherishyourselfwithgoodnutrition.Depressioncanaffectappetite.Onepersonmaynotfeel