2021-2022學(xué)年上海第三女子中學(xué)高三（下）期中英語(yǔ)試卷（附答案詳解）

2021-2022學(xué)年上海第三女子中學(xué)高三(下)期中英語(yǔ)試

卷

1.TeainBritainTeamaybethoughtasthemosttypicalofEnglishdrinks,butitisactuallya

relativelatecomertoBritishshores.Althoughthecustomofdrinkingtea(1)(date)back

tothe3rdmillennium(一千年)BCinChina,thedrinkdidn'tappearinEnglanduntil

themid-17thcentury.

Curiously,itissaidthatitwastheLondoncoffeehouses(2)wereresponsiblefor

introducingteatoEngland.Oneofthefirstcoffeehousemerchants(3)(offer)teawas

ThomasGarway,whosoldbothliquidanddryteatothepublicasearlyas1657.Three

yearslater,heissuedabigbrochureadvertisingthevirtuesoftea,(4)itspositiveeffecton

health.

Teagainedpopularityquicklyinthecoffeehouses,andthisdistressedthepubowners(5)

teacuttheirsalesofbeer.Atthesametime,itwasalsobadnewsforthegovernment

officials,(6)dependedonasteadystreamofrevenuefromtaxesonliquorsales.By1750,

tea⑺(become)thefavoreddrinkofBritain'slowerclasses.

A1676acttaxedteaandrequiredcoffeehouseoperatorstoapplyforalicense.Theheavy

taxationhadtheeffectofcreatingawholenewindustry-teasmuggling(走私).Even

smuggledteawasexpensive,however,andthereforeextremelyprofitable,somany

smugglersbegantoadulterate(摻彳段)theteawithothersubstances,suchaswillowandsloe

leaves.(8)(use)tealeaveswerealsoredriedandaddedtofreshleaves.

Finally,1784WilliamPitttheYoungerdeterminedtotake(9)measuresthatcouldreverse

thesituation.HeintroducedtheCommutationAct,whichdroppedthetaxonteafrom119%

to12.5%,effectivelyendingsmuggling.Healsotookmanyothermeasures,hopingthat

suchattempts(10)stopadulteration.ButadulterationremainedaproblemuntiltheFood

andDrugActof1875broughtinseverepunishmentforthepractice.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

⑺

(8)

(9)

(10)

2.

A.modestB.creativeC.confirmD.paceE.increasinglyF.emerging

G.scoringH.capsI.evenlyJ.accessK.collapse

BathroomRevealsYourRepaymentAbilityBanksandotherlenderstypicallylookat

borrowers*credithistories,taxformsandotherfinancialinformationtodeterminewhether

theywillgetpaidback.InChina,(1)lendersalsolookatborrowers*bathrooms.

Astheeconomyslows,thegovernmentwantstodevelopacreditculturetogetChinese

familiesspendinginsteadofsaving.Whilethecountryisgettingwealthier,thefinancial

systemhasnotkept(2).Somepeoplehavehadno(3)tocreditcardormortgage,solenders

oftenhavelittlereliableinformationaboutpotentialborrowers.

Tofillthegaps,onelender,ChinaRapidFinance,assignsitsinvestigatorstocheckforthe

numberoftoothbrushesortowelstodeterminehowmanypeoplearelivingina

house.Theylookfordirtydishesinthekitchen.Theytakephotosofapotentialborrowerat

workto(4)employmentstatus.

AgrowingnumberofcompaniesaretryingtocrackthecreditcodeinChina.TheInternet

giantsAlibaba,TencentandBaiduaredevelopingcredit(5)systemsbasedonusers'online

transactions(交易)andsearchhistories.

TheWorldBankestimatedthat79percentofChina'spopulationabovetheageof15have

bankaccounts,whileonly10percenthaveeverborrowedfromtheformalfinancial

system.China'sbankshavea(n)(6)consumerslendingbusiness.Contrarily,online

lendersare(7)asthepioneers,satisfyingChina'srisingconsumerclass.

Alibaba'sfinancialaffiliate(隸屬機(jī)構(gòu)),Huabei,makessmallloanstoonlineshoppers

andvendors(小販)onitse-commerceplatforms.Peer-to-peerplatformshaveproved

hugelypopularinChina,buttheindustry'sreputationhasbeenruinedbyscandal,likethe

(8)ofEzubao(易租寶).

Afterthat,regulatorshavesteppeduptheirsupervisionofonlinelenders,whichincludes

setting(9)ontheamountsthatcanbeborrowed.Theregulators*tighteningmanagementis

第2頁(yè)，共24頁(yè)

"somethinglikeashepherdherding(放牧)hissheepintoa(n)(10)narrowingpen(圍

欄)，“saidMarkNatkin,thefounderandmanagingdirectoratMarbridge

Consulting,basedinBeijing.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

"Itwillbemarvelous.ltwillbespiritual.1'Thisisthe￡3)taglinethatVirginGalacticusedin

2004toattractpotentialcustomerstoitsplannedspacetourismservices.ltpromisedthat,within

fiveyears,itwouldtakeatotalofover3,000passengersonlife-changingtripsinits

spaceships.OnJuly11,2021,afteralast90-minutedelay,VirginGalacticfinallybeganits

fulfillmentofthatoriginal⑷.Forfourminutes,itssixtemporarilyweightless

passengers,includingthefirm'sBritishco-founder,SirRichardBranson,sawtheplanetagainst

theblacknessofouterspace.

Backontheground,SirRichardcalledtheexperience"magical".Hemayhave(5)thefactthat

hewasabletoreachspaceearlierthanJeffBezos,afellowbillionairebutmuchwealthier.On

July20,Bezoswouldgoslightlyhigher,forslightlylesstime,inavehiclethathadbeenbuiltby

hisownspacefaringcompany,BlueOrigin.

Thetwotycoons(大亨)areamongagrowingnumberof(6)whobelievethatspacetourism's

timehascome.Suborbital(亞軌道的)tourismispartofabroaderspaceeconomythathas

rapidlygrownoverthepastdecade⑺technologicaladvances.However,itishighly(8)thatthis

willbetrue.

Fornow,BlueOriginandVirginGalacticwilloffer(9)suborbitalflightstopaying

customers.BlueOriginisfocusingmuchmoreonthedevelopmentofalargenewrocketthat

willbeusedforthelaunchingofsatellites,onsellingadvancedrocketenginestoother

companies,andonbidding(投標(biāo))onNASAcontractssuchastherecentlyannouncedplanto

sendhumansbacktothemoon.(10),Bezosdoesn'tseeBlueOriginasaproviderofservicesto

adventure-seekers.

Eventhis4-minutesuborbitaltravelshavea(n)(11),apparently.Amajorsurveyfoundthat

nearlytwoinfivepeoplewithanetworthofoverfivemilliondollarswouldconsiderpaying$

250,000,VirginGalactic*scurrentprice,foraticket.Thebusinesscouldbe(12),onceregular

flightsbegintooffset(抵消)therockets'developmentcosts.Buthowfastandbyhowmuch

is(13).Withouttourist-friendlydestinationstovisit(thecapacityoftheInternationalSpace

Stationisstrictlylimited),orbitaltourism,withitsfarhigherticketprices,willnotbeahuge

earner.

Anotherchallenge-andtheindustry'sbiggestremaininguncertainty-relatesto(14).History

hasshownthatadisaster,￡15)intheearlystagesofanindustry,cansetprogressbackby

years.NASA(16)itsplantosendtheuntrainedtoorbitin1986afteraschoolteacherwaskilled

alongwiththerestofthecrewintheChallengertragedy.ltwasanother15yearsbeforethenext

untrainedpersonwould(17)thejourneyonaRussiancraft.

3.A.modestB.demandingC.motivationalD.unclear

4.A.obligationB.commitmentC.requirementD.survey

5.A.feltashamedofB.keptaneyeon

C.feltcontentwithD.gotupsetwith

6.A.optimistsB.opponentsC.expertsD.objectors

7.A.thankstoB.butforC.apartfromD.inspiteof

8.A.impossibleB.undoubtedC.probableD.favorable

9.A.long-lastingB.inexpensiveC.automaticD.brief

10.A.OnthecontraryB.What*smore

C.InthelongrunD.Aboveall

11.A.shortcomingB.limitationC.advantageD.appeal

12.A.profitableB.uneconomicC.eco-friendlyD.globalized

13.A.predictableB.essentialC.irrelevantD.uncertain

14.A.developmentB.securityC.stabilityD.novelty

15.A.particularlyB.criticallyC.preciselyD.unforeseeably

16.A.initiatedB.draftedC.modifiedD.suspended

17.A.braveB.abandonC.steerD.pause

第4頁(yè)，共24頁(yè)

D

Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdosoaremostlyold

BritishcolonieslikeAustralia,andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanhavealso

developedthishabit.

Thisstrangequirk（奇事）puzzlestherestoftheworld；however,thereisaperfectlygood

reason.Uptothelate1700s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseitisthe

sensibleoptionforviolent,feudal（封建的）societiesofmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldiers

withtheirswordsundertheirrightarmsnaturallypassedoneachother*sright,andifyoupassed

astrangerontheroad,youwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwas

betweenyouandhim.

RevolutionaryFrance,however,didawaywiththispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocial

rethink,andthankstoNapoleon,thischangewascarriedoutallovercontinental

Europe.Becausehewasleft-handed,hisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohecouldkeephis

swordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anycountrycolonizedbytheFrench

tooktodrivingontheright.

AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar（1775-1783）,theUSbecameindependentanddecided

tomaketrafficdriveontherightinordertocutallremaininglinkstoitsBritishcolonial

past.OnceAmericabecamethecenterofthecarindustry,ifyouwantedagoodreliable

vehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drive.Fromthenon,manycountrieschangedoutof

necessity.

Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolonger

possible.ltwouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountry

toconverttodrivingontherightwasSwedenin1967.Thisironicallycausedareductionincar

accidentsbecauseeveryonedrovecarefullywhilegettingusedtothenewsystem.

18.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18thcentury?

A.Theywererequiredtodoso.

B.Theyweremostlyleft-landed.

C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet.

D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.

19.WhatwasNapoleon'sattitudeaboutwalkingontheleft?

A.Support.B.Disapproval.C.Doubt.D.Indifference.

20.ForAmericans,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow.

A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbroken

B.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUK

C.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadended

D.Americawasthecenterofthecarindustry

21.WhatisthemainreasonforUK'sresistancetotheEuropeansystem?

A.Itwouldcosttoomuchtochange.

B.Itsincreasingtrafficaccidents.

C.Itsinfluenceoncolonies.

D.Itsfast-developingcarindustry.

E

■Stof?MKiPad4>hon?AurftmteTV&Hom*OntyACC*MOHMSupportQ

CareersatApplewor*MM*mAppt*

AmazeYourself,AmazetheWorldAjobatAppleisunlikeanyotheryou'vehad.You'llbe

challenged.You'llbeinspired.Andyou'llbeproud.Becausewhateveryourjobishere,youllbe

partofsomethingbig.

Everydetailmatters.

Everypieceofpackaging.Everyswipeofthefinger.Every"HowcanIhelpyou?”

Everything.Anditdoesn'tmatterjustsomeofthetime.ltmattersallofthetime.That'showwe

dothingsatApple.Theresultissomeofthebest-lovedproductsintheworld.

Simplicityisn'tsimple.

Askanyonehere.It'shardwork.Itmeansforeverasking,"Whyisitthisway?”andHHowcanit

bebetter?HItmeansrethinkingeverycustomerexperienceuntilthehasfallenaway-untilall

thatremainsiswhat'sessential,usefulandbeautiful.Thatmightbeanewproductfeaturethat

delightsevendie-hardfans.Itmightbeacustomersupportcall,orevenadisplayinanApple

store,arrangedandlitexactlyso.

Creativityfromeverycorner.

WhenyouimaginethecreativeprocessatApple,atfirstyoumaynotpicturesomeoneinHR,

oroperations,orfinance.Butweexpectcreativethinkingandsolutionsfromeveryonehere,no

matterwhattheirresponsibilitiesare.Innovationtakesmanyforms,andourpeopleseemtofind

newoneseveryday.

22.Wherewillyouprobablyfindthispassage?

第6頁(yè)，共24頁(yè)

A.InabookletintroducingApple'smanagement.

B.OntheofficialwebsiteofAppleInc.

C.Inthehelp-wantedadssectionofanewspaper.

D.Inamagazinetellingbusinessstories.

23.Theword"clutter"probablymeans.

A.customers*complaintB.simplequestion

C.unnecessarypartD.oldfeature

24.Accordingtothepassage,employeesareexpectedtopayattentiontothefollowing

EXCEPT.

A.thewrappingofapple'snewproducts

B.acustomersupportcall

C.theaccomplishmentsofApple

D.thelightingofanApplestore

F

Thetendencytolookforsomeoutsidegrouptoblameforourmisfortunesiscertainlycommon

anditisoftenstrengthenedbysocialprejudice.Thereseemstobelittledoubtthatoneofthe

principalcausesofprejudiceisfear-inparticularthefearthattheinterestsofourowngroup

aregoingtobeendangeredbytheactionsofanother.Thisislesslikelytobethecaseina

stable,relativelyunchangingsocietyinwhichthemembersofdifferentsocialandoccupational

groupsknowwhattoexpectofeachotherandknowwhattoexpectforthemselves.Intimesof

rapidracialandeconomicchange,however,newoccupationsandnewsocialrolesappear,and

peoplestartlookingjealouslyateachothertoseewhethertheirowngroupisbeingleftbehind.

Whenacommunitybeginstofeelunsureofitsfuture,itbecomesespeciallylikelytoturnin

uponitself,toimaginethatsurroundinggroupsarethreateningandunfriendly.Atatimelike

this,distorted（扭曲的）ideasabouttheothercommunityarereadilybelievedandarepassedon

asstatementsoffact.Oneofthetragicthingsaboutintercommunal（社區(qū)間的）conflictisthat

bothpartiesquicklyfindthemselves"moralrationalization（合理化解釋）Eachsideinsists

andbelievesthatitsownactionsareinspiredbynobleideals,evenwhentheyarereallyacting

outofpureself-interest.Toathirdparty,neutraltotheconflict,itmayseemobviousthatboth

arebehavingunreasonably；butwhenone'semotionsareinvolved,andespeciallytheemotion

offear,itisextremelydifficulttoremainsensible.

Onceprejudicedevelops,itishardtostop,becausethereareoftensocialforcesatworkwhich

activelyencourageunfoundedattitudesofunfriendlinessandfeartowardsothergroups.One

suchforceiseducation：Weallknowthatchildrencanbetaughthistoryinsuchawayasto

keepaliveoldhatredandoldprejudicesbetweenracialandpoliticalgroups.Anothersocial

influencethathastobetakenseriouslyisthepressureofpublicopinion.Peopleoftenthinkand

actdifferentlyingroupsfromthewaytheywoulddoasindividuals.lttakesaconsiderable

effortofwill,andoftencallsforgreatcourage,tostandoutagainstone*sfellowsandinsistthat

theyarewrong.

Whyisitthatwehearsomuchmoreaboutthefailuresofrelationshipsbetweencommunities

thanwedoaboutthesuccesses?Iamafraiditispartlyduetotheincreaseincommunication

whichradio,televisionandthepopularpresshavebroughtabout.Inthosecountrieswherethe

mediaofmasscommunicationarecommercialenterprises,theytendtomeasuresuccessbythe

sizeoftheiraudience；andpeoplearemorelikelytobuyanewspaper,forinstance,iftheir

attentioniscaughtbysomethingdramatic,orsomethingthatcanarousetheiranxietyorinterest

asmuchasfailuresofintercommunalrelationshipsdo.Andpopularpublicspeakers,especially

iftheyarepoliticiansaddressingarelativelyinnocentaudience,knowthatthebestwayto

arousesuchanaudienceistofrightenthem.

Wherethereisarealorimaginarythreattoeconomicsecurity,thisisespeciallylikelytoarouse

groupprejudice.ltisimportanttoremembereconomicfactorsifwewishtolessenprejudice

betweengroups,becauseunlesstheyaredealtwithdirectly,itwillbelittleusesimplyadvising

peoplenottobeprejudicedagainstothergroupswhomtheyseeastheircompetitors,ifnottheir

enemies.

25.Peopleinasocietyofrapidracialandeconomicchange.

A.blameothersfortheirrecentmisfortunes

B.fearthelossofinterestsendangeredbyprejudice

C.areatalossastowhattoexpectofothersandthemselves

D.arejealousofthenewoccupationsandsocialroles

26.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutacommunityfeelingunsureofits

future?__

A.Distortedideasabouttheothercommunityareconsideredasfacts.

B.It'sextremelydifficultforathirdpartytoremainsensibleandfearless.

C.Oldhatredandprejudicesarepassedonthroughhistoryeducation.

D.Thepressureofpublicopinionmakespeoplethinkandactingroups.

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27.Thefailuresofrelationshipsbetweencommunitiesare.

A.commercialproductsofthemediaofmasscommunication

B.considereddramaticandarousing

C.lessenedduetorealorimaginarythreattoeconomicsecurity

D.dealtwithdirectlybyadvisingpeoplenottobeprejudiced

28.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.howtoeliminatesocialprejudice

B.whatasensiblesocietyislike

C.whatcausessocialprejudice

D.howtobuildasensiblesociety

A.Shebelievesthatgriefandjoycancoexist.

B.Shebelievesthatjoyisnowheretobefound.

C.Heart-broken,hermotherdecidedtotrytogivemeaningtohergrief.

D.Thetrainingwasreallyawayofgoingevendeeperintoothers1griefandjoy.

E.Rather,theysupportclientsemotionally,physically,spirituallyandpractically.

F.Butthelongershetookpartintheprogram,themoresherealizedthatshewas

onlyanexpertinhergrief.

Asparentsofachildwithaprogressiveandpotentiallyfatalillness,MaryanneandNickO'Hara

livedonhope.Hopethattheirdaughter,Caitlin,whowasdiagnosedwithcysticfibrosisatage2,

wouldreceivethelungtransplantshespenttwoandahalfyearswaitingforinherearly

30s.Hopethatherbodywouldn'trejectit.ThathopefadedonDec.20,2016,whenCaitlindied

ofabrainbleed,twodayspost-transplant.Shewas33.

(1)Andsoshesignedforacertificateprogramtobecomeanend-of-lifedoula(陪護(hù)),or

"deathdoula",workingwithindividualsandfamiliesastheymovedfromthislifeinto

whateverisnext.

Unlikehospitalworkers,doulasdon'tgetinvolvedinmedicalissues.(2)Andtheystepin

wheneverneeded.Thatcouldbeafewdaysbeforesomeonedies,sittingwiththemintheirlast

hours,givinghandmassages,chattingwiththemorevenmakingsnacks.Oritcouldbemonths

orevenyearsearlier,aftersomeonereceivesaterminaldiagnosis.Theykeepthem

company,listentotheirlifestories,orplanfunerals.

AsforMs.O'Hara,whoisalsoanovelist,sheisprimarilyhelpingpeoplewritetheirlifestories.

HIwentintoitthinkingI'vebeenavolunteerwithpeoplewhoaredying.Pvelostmyloved

one.I'manexpertingrief/Hshesaid.⑶

"Youreallycan'ttellanyoneelsehowtofeelgrief,"Ms.O'Harasaid."Youcanofferadvice,but

thereisnotimelineforgrief.Assoonaspeoplegetadiagnosis,theyaregrieving.Theirwayof

lifeisover."

(4)nMygriefisnevergoingtogoaway,"shesaid.HIwouldn'twantitto.Griefandjoyandlove

-it'spartofthesamespectrum(圖譜).I'mgrievingbecauseIlovedsomeonesomuch."

29.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

30.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

31.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

32.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.F

33.Directions：Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)

ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Coco-Cola'sInnovativeSolutiontoPlasticPollutionPlasticpollutionhasbecomeoneof

themostpressingproblemsofthe21stcenturywithplasticwastealmosteverywhere.ltis

estimatedthatjustin2016,theworldproducedover320milliontonsofplastic,andthis

numberissettodoubleby2034.

Plasticwasteevenmakesitswayintoouroceanswith8millionpiecesofplasticpollution

perdaypollutingourwatersanddestroyingthehabitatforhundredsofspecies.ltisnow

believedthattheremaybearound5.25trillionpiecesofplasticintheoceanweighingin

totalupto269,000tons.

It'sbeencrystalclearforalongtimethatthesituationishorrible,andsomethingneedsto

bedone,andfast.Luckily,Coca-Colasteppeduptothechallengeandcameupwithone

innovativeandrathereffectivesolution.Thefirmisreplacingitsplasticwrappingin

Europewithanewpaperboardtechnology.

ThisnewtechiscalledtheKeelClipanditisafirstforthenon-alcoholready-to-drink

(NARTD)industry.UsingKeelClips,Coca-Colaaimstoremoveallplasticwrapfromits

canmultipacksinallEuropeanUnionmarketsbytheendof2021.Thefirmisoptimistic

第10頁(yè)，共24頁(yè)

thatthemovewillsave2,OOOtonsofplasticand3,000tonsofCO2annually.

nInnovationisakeyprincipleofoursustainablepackagingworkandtheapplicationof

thisfullyrecyclablepaperboardKeelClip?,whichiscomposedofatopboardthatthecans

clipintoandacentralcardboard'keel'-similartoaship'skeel-thatstabilizesthepack,is

anotherexampleofhowwearedeliveringonourcommitmenttoremoveallunnecessary

andhard-to-recyclesingle-useplasticfromourproducts.Wehopethiseco-friendly

initiativeisaconsciousapproachtodealingwithplasticpollution,"saidJoeFranses,Vice

President,SustainabilityatCoca-ColaEuropeanPartners.

34.隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)，人們對(duì)于奢侈品的需求也隨之增長(zhǎng)。(so)

35.消息傳來(lái)，導(dǎo)演們計(jì)劃拍攝一部紀(jì)錄片以向身邊的志愿者們表示敬意。(honor)

36.直到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)、數(shù)百萬(wàn)人流離失所，他才意識(shí)到個(gè)人的命運(yùn)與國(guó)家的命運(yùn)息息相關(guān)。

(break)

37.在你嘗試掌握一門(mén)新技術(shù)之時(shí)，你很可能一籌莫展、甚至萌生退意。但毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的

是，你堅(jiān)持的時(shí)間越久，你就越能更好地應(yīng)用這門(mén)技術(shù)。(loss)

Directions：WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven

belowinChinese.

假如你是明啟中學(xué)的學(xué)生李平，寫(xiě)信給你在海外的朋友Alice,與她分享居家線上學(xué)習(xí)的

感受。你的信必須包括：

?線上學(xué)習(xí)和在校學(xué)習(xí)的不同；

?你更偏好的學(xué)習(xí)方式，并說(shuō)明理由。

答案和解析

1.【答案】【小題1】dates

【小題2】that

【小題3】offering

【小題4】and

【小題5】because

【小題6]who

【小題7】hadbecome

【小題8]Used

【小題9】some

【小題10]would

【解析】(1)dates.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：雖然飲茶的習(xí)俗可以追溯到公元

前3000年的中國(guó)，但這種飲料直到17世紀(jì)中期才出現(xiàn)在英國(guó)。描述事實(shí)，所以用一般

現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)名詞，故填dates。

(2)that.考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：奇怪的是，據(jù)說(shuō)正是倫敦的咖啡館把茶引入了英國(guó)。本

句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為：itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that…，本句強(qiáng)調(diào)了主語(yǔ)，故填that。

(3)offering.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：最早提供茶葉的咖啡館商人之一是托馬斯?加威

(ThomasGarway),他早在1657年就向公眾出售液體茶和干茶。offer和它所修飾的

詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，故填。ffering。

(4)and.考查連詞。句意：三年后，他出版了一本大的小冊(cè)子，宣傳茶的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和它對(duì)

健康的積極作用。前后是并列關(guān)系，所以用and連接，故填and。

(5)because.考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：茶在咖啡館里迅速流行起來(lái)，這讓酒吧老板很

苦惱，因?yàn)椴钑?huì)減少他們啤酒的銷量。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“因?yàn)椤?，故填because。

(6)who.考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：與此同時(shí)，這對(duì)政府官員來(lái)說(shuō)也是個(gè)壞消息，

他們依賴于酒類銷售稅收的穩(wěn)定收入來(lái)源。先行詞為人，在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),

故填whOo

(7)hadbecome.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到1750年，茶已經(jīng)成為英國(guó)下層階級(jí)喜愛(ài)的飲

料。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)By1750,可知描述截止到過(guò)去的事情，所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故填

hadbecomeo

(8)Used.考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：用過(guò)的茶葉也被重新干燥并添加到新鮮的茶葉中。use

和它所修飾的詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，故填Used。

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(9)some.考查代詞。句意：最后，1784年，小威廉?皮特決定采取一些措施來(lái)扭轉(zhuǎn)局

勢(shì)。measures為可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，所以用some修飾，表示"一些"，故填some。

(10)would.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:他還采取了許多其他措施，希望這樣的嘗試可以阻止摻

假。表示“過(guò)去將會(huì)"，后跟動(dòng)詞原形，故填would。

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了茶在英國(guó)的歷史由來(lái)和發(fā)展情況。

做本題的關(guān)鍵是在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，靈活運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。本類型的題目?？嫉?/p>

的知識(shí)點(diǎn)有：固定的短語(yǔ)，詞類的轉(zhuǎn)換，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，副詞以及祈使句的用法等。

因此，這就需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中，牢固掌握各語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)及一些語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。

2.【答案】【小題1】B

【小題2】D

【小題3】J

【小題4】C

【小題5】G

【小題6]A

【小題7】F

【小題8】K

【小題9】H

【小題10]E

【解析】(1)B.考查形容詞。句意：在中國(guó)，富有創(chuàng)意的貸款機(jī)構(gòu)也會(huì)查看借款人的

衛(wèi)生間。由后文的"lookatborrowers'bathrooms"貸款機(jī)構(gòu)查看借款人的衛(wèi)生間,這說(shuō)明

這種貸款機(jī)構(gòu)是很有創(chuàng)意的，空格處用形容詞修飾名詞lenders,"有創(chuàng)意的”的形容詞是

creativeo故選B。

(2)D.考查名詞。句意：盡管這個(gè)國(guó)家變得更加富有，金融體系卻沒(méi)有跟上。由上文

的"Whilethecountryisgettingwealthier"可知，句子表示"盡管這個(gè)國(guó)家變得更加富有，

金融體系卻沒(méi)有跟上"，"跟上"是固定短語(yǔ)keeppace,空格處是pace。故選D。

(3)J.考查名詞。句意：一些人沒(méi)有獲得信用卡或抵押貸款的渠道，因此貸款人通常沒(méi)

有關(guān)于潛在借款人的可靠信息。由后文的"solendersoftenhavelittlereliableinformation

aboutpotentialborrowers"可知，貸款人通常沒(méi)有關(guān)于潛在借款人的可靠信息，由此可知，

這些借款人是沒(méi)有信用卡，"hadno(3)to"意為"不能使用"，是固定短語(yǔ)havenoaccess

to,空格處是access,故選J?

(4)C.考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他們會(huì)拍下潛在借款人工作時(shí)的照片，以確認(rèn)其就業(yè)狀況。

由上文的"Theytakephotosofapotentialborroweratwork"可知，他們會(huì)拍下潛在借款人

工作時(shí)的照片，這么做是為了確認(rèn)其就業(yè)狀況，空格處意為“確認(rèn)"，是confirm,空格處

用不定式表目的，由此空格處用動(dòng)詞原形，故選C。

(5)G.考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭阿里巴巴、騰訊和百度正在開(kāi)發(fā)基于用戶在

線交易和搜索歷史的信用評(píng)分系統(tǒng)。由后文的"basedonusers'onlinetransactions(交易)

andsearchhistories"可知，句子表示"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭阿里巴巴、騰訊和百度正在開(kāi)發(fā)基于用

戶在線交易和搜索歷史的信用評(píng)分系統(tǒng)"，"評(píng)分系統(tǒng)”是scoringsystem,由此空格處是

scoring,故選G。

(6)A.考查形容詞。句意：中國(guó)的銀行擁有適度的消費(fèi)者貸款業(yè)務(wù)。由上文的“。nlylO

percenthaveeverborrowedfromtheformalfinancialsystem"可知，中國(guó)的銀行擁有適度的

消費(fèi)者貸款業(yè)務(wù)，空格處意為“適度的“，用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞短語(yǔ)“consumers

lendingbusiness",是modest?故選A。

(7)F.考查形容詞。句意：相反，在線貸款機(jī)構(gòu)正成為先鋒，滿足了中國(guó)日益壯大的

消費(fèi)階層。由后文的"satisfyingChina'srisingconsumerclass"可知，要滿足中國(guó)日益壯大

的消費(fèi)階層，就出現(xiàn)了一些在線貸款機(jī)構(gòu)，空格處意為"出現(xiàn)"，是emerge,由are可知，

句子時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞emerging。故選F。

(8)K.考查名詞。句意：事實(shí)證明，P2P平臺(tái)在中國(guó)非常受歡迎，但該行業(yè)的聲譽(yù)已

被一些丑聞所毀，比如易租寶的倒閉。由上文的"theindustry'sreputationhasbeenruinedby

scandal”可知，該行業(yè)的聲譽(yù)已被一些丑聞所毀，所以就有了易租寶的倒閉，空格處是“

倒閉"，用名詞，是collapse。故選K。