難點11書面表達之語詞選用（解析版）-2021年高考英語【熱點·重點·難點】（浙江專用）

2021年高考英語【熱點?重點?難點】專練（浙江專用）

難點11書面表達之語詞選用

【思維路徑】

1.思維路徑1：替換常用簡單詞

（1）動詞升級

簡單詞匯高級詞匯

say,believe,

figure,holdtheviewthat,assumethat,Iamconvincedthat

think

improvepromote,enhance,strengthen

nevergiveupsticktoit,insistondoing,persistin,adhereto

besupposedtodo,Itiswise/sensible/makessensetodo,nothingcouldbebetter

shouldthan...,It'sworthwhiletodo,deservedoing,finditrewardingandenjoyableto

do...

likehaveapassionfor,befondof,fallinlovewith,haveanaffectionfor

comeapproach,aroundthecomer,up-coming

makeenable,allow

thankappreciate,begratefulto,conveymyheartfelt

helpdosb.afavor,go/cometoone'said,withtheassistanceof,givesb.ahand

usegainaccessto,beaccessibleto

（2）形容詞、副詞、介詞升級

簡單詞匯高級詞匯

moreand

increasinglypopular

morepopular

bigenormous,tremendous

veryextremely,remarkably,overwhelmingly,pretty,perfectly

famousaccomplished,haveahighreputation,distinguished

goodamazing,unbelievable,incredible

baddisgusting,awful,terrible

importantsignificant,vital,essential,fundamental,crucial

allkindsofavarietyof,various,diverse

aboutconcerning,relevant,related

［經(jīng)典示例］

?Ontheonehand,toomuchpraisemightleadtochildren'slackofenthusiasmtoexplorenewthings,for

theyareafraidtheywon'tmeetparents9expectations.

?Consideringtheenormousbenefits,whichwecanearnsteadilyfromtennispractice,includingpreventing

usfromgettingshortsightedandkeepingphysicallyhealthy,wearelostintrainingcourse.

［佳句賞析］

@Thespecialdayallowspeopletoshowtheirloveandaffectionfor（X寸...表達愛和情感）theirfathers.

②advisable/wise（是明智的）forpeopletousetheircell-phonesmoreapproprietely/properly（更恰當?shù)兀?

③Withoutsufficientpreparation（沒有充分準備）,youcanhardlyexpecttoanswerallthequestionscorrectly

andobtainsatisfactorymarks,letalonebeadmittedintoadesirableuniversity（夢想的大學）.

?TracysaidshehadalreadyinformedSusanof（通矢口Susan）thechangeoftheappointment.

⑤PeoplegenerallythoughtitimpossiblefortheChineseteamtowindiechampionshipintheRioOlympic

Games,buttheyovercamemanyhurdles（克月艮許多障不導）andeventuallyworkedmiraclen/wonders（最終成

功）.

?DramaNightisscheduledto（預定）beheldontheeveningofnextFridayinthetheatrehall.

⑦Additionally（止匕夕卜）havingbeenawardedscholarshiptwiceinourschool,Ihaveexcellentacademic

performance（極好的學術成就）.

?Thisphenomenonhasbecomeaconcern/focus（成為焦點）wemustfacetodaybecauseofmanyserious

consequences（許多嚴重后果）causedbyimproperuseofcell-phones.

2.思維路徑2：變化所用詞的詞性

在作文中，可以通過改變一個詞的詞性，使文章富有變化，讓閱卷者感受到考生對詞匯各種用法的

掌握水平和靈活運用的程度。常見的變化詞性的策略有名詞變動詞、動詞變名詞、形容詞變名詞等。

（1）名詞變動詞

Peopleareconcernedaboutthegradualdisappearanceofthetraditionalvalues.

—Peopleareconcernedbecausethetraditionalvaluesaregraduallydisappearing.

傳統(tǒng)價值觀正在漸漸地消亡，這讓人們很擔憂。

⑵動詞變名詞

Afterwatchinghisperformance,Ifoundhecouldreallydanceverywell.

—Afterwatchinghisperfbnnance,Ifoundhimareallygooddancer.

看了他的表演之后，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他跳舞跳得很棒。

⑶形容詞變名詞

IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhisbeingsokind.

一IwrotealettertoTomtothankhimforhiskindness.我寫信給湯姆對他的善良表示感謝。

3.思維路徑3：短語富有變化

漢語英語高級短語

努力strugglefbr=strivefor=sparenoeffortsfor

從事embarkon=setabout=goinfor

在當代incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage

大量的ahostof=agreatnumberof=alargeamountof

更糟糕的是what'sworse=worsestill=tomakemattersworse

遇見;偶遇meet=runinto=comeacross=meetwith=encounter

依我看inmyopinion=asfarasI'mconcemed=frommypointofview

除了……之外（還有）besides=inadditionto=apartfrom=aswellas=alongwith

一方面，另一方面ononehand,ontheotherhand=fbronething,foranotherthing

高度評價thinkhighlyof=singhighpraisefor=thinkwellof

把……考慮在內(nèi)take...intoconsideration=take...intoaccount

有資格的;有能力的;勝

befitfbr=beequalto=bequalifiedfbr=becompetentin

任的

參加takepartin/participatein

一些如何……的建議someadvice/tips/suggestionsonhowto...

對……感到緊張feelnervous/anxiousabout

erase/overcome/getover

克服緊張，緩解焦慮

nervousness/relieveanxiety

樹立信心，對自己有

buildupconfidence/haveconfidenceinyourselfTbeconfidentaboutyourself

信心

對……有益的benefit=beofgreatbenefit=bebeneficialto

對……有害的;對……h(huán)arm=doharmto/dodamageto=beharmfulto

有損害的

接觸到;有機會使用access=gain/haveaccessto=beaccessibleto

對...（不）方便的beconvenient/inconvenientforsb.todo=bringconvenience/inconveniencetosb.

對……有影響/作用haveaneffect/influence/impacton.../makeadifferencetosb.

［經(jīng)典示例I

@Forexample,paper-cuttingandChineseknotsareallfeasiblemethodsofintroducingourculture,whichare

alsomoreconvenienttoorganize.

②ThereasonswhyIamqualifiedforthejobareasfollows.

［佳句賞析］

①Frommvpointofview（我認為）,it'stmethatcell-phonesbringuslotsofbenefitsandconvenience,butonly

whenthey5reusedmoreappropriately（恰當?shù)兀ヽantheyserveusbetter.

②Allmyteachersandclassmatessinghi^hpraiseformyarofkiencW高度贊揚我的熟練）inbothChineseand

English.

③Takingall、ourrequirementsintoaccount/consideration（考慮到你的全部要求）、IfirmlybelievePmthe

rightpersonyou'relookingfor.

?Asforaccommodation,IprefertolivewithalocalfamilybecauseIwanttoimprovemyEnglishand

experienceauthenticAmericanculturedoseup（近距離體驗真實的美國文化）.

⑤Youareoptimisticaboutlifeandalwayshaveconfidence,whateverdifficultyyoumayencountee（遇見）.

whichhelpsyoustandoutamongtheclassmates.

⑥Withtheimprovementofpeople'slivingstandards（隨著人們生活水平的改善）,cell-phonesareflooding

intoourlife.

⑦WearesorryforanyinconveniencethatwcfllbrinetoYOU（給您帶來的不便）.Thanksforyour

understanding.

?Nowadays,thesmartphoneshavefoundtheirwaytoeveryfamilyandareplayingaveryimportantroleinour

life.Theyarebeneficialtousinmanyways.However,theyalsodoharmt。usmentaHyandphysically（有害于

我們的身心健康）.

⑨Inaddition,seldomdoIhavetimetokeepmyparentscompany,soIdecidetohelpmyparentswithsome

houseworktorelease/ease/lessee/reducetheirpressure（緩角軍壓力）、whichIthinkisofbenefittoenhancethe

relationshiiK力口強關系）betweenmyfamilymembers.

4.思維路徑4：變主動語態(tài)為被動語態(tài)

考生在寫作中習慣使用主動語態(tài)，其實，如果不知道動作的執(zhí)行者、沒必要強調(diào)執(zhí)行者或者想要表

達更加客觀一些的話，被動語態(tài)就是一個很好的選擇。例如：

(l)Myfathergavemeanewbookonmybirthday.

(爸爸在我過生日的時候給了我一本新書。)

一1wasgivenanewbook(bymyfather)onmybirthday.(間接賓語作了主語)

—*Anewbookwasgiventome(bymyfather)onmybirthday.(直接賓語作了主語)

(2)Andsomeworld-famousplayerswillbeinvitedtogivelessons.

并且會邀請一些世界著名的球員來上課。

(3)Besides,youareexpectedtobringsomenicesmallgifts.除此之外,(大家)會期望你帶一些小的美好的禮

物。

【語篇錘煉】

根據(jù)所給信息補全短文，并注意高級詞匯的使用。(來源：2018?全國卷HI)

DearPeter,

(1)(我非常高興)tohearfromyou.Youaskedmeinyourlast

letteraboutthephysicalexerciseinourschoolandthefollowinginformationmay(2)(給

你一個粗略的理解).

Tobeginwith,(3)(一座美麗的新體育館已落成)，

which(4)(已成為新的地標)inourschool.

Moreover,withthestadiumsetup,(5)(各種體育項目)areable

tobeheld,ofwhichping-pong,football(6)(以及)runningcompetitions

(7)(越來越受歡迎).Asforme,(8)(熱愛籃

球)sinceithasbeengivingmestrength(9)(去迎接生活中的挑

戰(zhàn)).

Allinall,I(10)(誠摯邀請)youtocometoourschoolandsee

fbryourself.

Yours,

LiHua

答案：

(1)Iamexceedinglydelighted

(2)giveyouaroughsketch

(3)afabulousnewstadiumhasbeenbuiltup

(4)hasbecomethenewlandmark

(5)awiderangeofsportsevents

(6)aswellas

(7)enjoygreatpopularity

(8)I'mintoxicatedwithbasketball

(9)toconfrontthechallengesinmylife

(10)sincerelyinvite

【寫作實踐】

1.假如你是班長李華，你們班在剛剛結束的英語配音比賽(IheEnglishDubbingCompetition)中獲得了一等

獎，因你們的配音節(jié)目得到了外教Derran的大力幫助，所以請你代表班級，給他寫一封感謝信。內(nèi)容包括:

1.表達感謝；

2.外教的幫助；

3.同學的收獲。

注意：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；

2.可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

【答案】

DearDerran,

I'mwriting,onbehalfofmyclass,toexpressoursinceregratitudeforyourgeneroushelpintheEnglish

DubbingCompetition,withoutwhichwecouldn'thavewonthefirstprize.

It'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofdubbingskillsandsuggestionsonhowtobetterour

pronunciation.Underyourprofessionalguidance,theparticipantsgavesuchanimpressiveperformance.Notonly

didweovercomethefearofshowingourselvesinfrontoftheaudienceandgaintremendousconfidence,butalso

deepenedcooperationasateam.Mostimportantly,yourkindhelphasfueledourpassionforEnglishlearning.

Manythanksagainforyourtimeandsupport.

Yours,

LiHua

【分析】

本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求考生代表班級給外教Derran寫一封感謝信，感謝他的幫助。

【詳解】

第一步：審題

體裁：應用文

時態(tài)：根據(jù)提示，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時，少量現(xiàn)在完成時。

結構：總分法

總分法指把主題句作為總說，把支持句作為分說，并以這種方式安排所寫內(nèi)容。

要求：

1.表達感謝；

2.外教的幫助；

3.同學的收獲。

第二步:列提綱（重點詞組）

onbehalfof,expresssinceregratitude,offerusaclassofdubbingskills,underyourprofessionalguidance,give

suchanimpressiveperformance,gaintremendousconfidence,deepencooperation,mostimportantly,fuelour

passion

第三步：連詞成句

1.I'mwriting,onbehalfofmyclass,toexpressoursinceregratitudeforyourgeneroushelpinthe

EnglishDubbingCompetition,withoutwhichwecouldn'thavewonthefirstprize.

2.It'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofdubbingskillsandsuggestionsonhowtobetterour

pronunciation.

3.Underyourprofessionalguidance,theparticipantsgavesuchanimpressiveperformance.

4.Notonlydidweovercomethefearofshowingourselvesinfrontoftheaudienceandgaintremendous

confidence,butalsodeepenedcooperationasateam.

5.Mostimportantly,yourkindhelphasfueledourpassionforEnglishlearning.

根據(jù)提示及關鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。

第四步：連句成篇（銜接詞）

1.表文章結構順序：Firstofall,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second...Andthen,Finally,Intheend,Atlast（供參考）

2.表并歹！J補充關系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,InadditionAswellas,notonly...but（also）,

including（供參考）

3.表轉折對比關系：However,Onthecontrary,but,Although+clause（從句）,Inspiteof+n/doing,Ontheone

hand...,Ontheotherhand...（供參考）

4.表因果關系：Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,Asaresult（供參考）

連句成文，注意使用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，

【點睛】

［高分句型1］I'mwriting,onbehalfofmyclass,toexpressoursinceregratitudeforyourgeneroushelpinthe

EnglishDubbingCompetition,withoutwhichwecouldn'thavewonthefirstprize.（使用了介詞+關系代詞弓I導

的定語從句）

［高分句型2JIt'ssoniceofyoutohaveofferedusaclassofdubbingskillsandsuggestionsonhowtobetterour

pronunciation,（it是形式主語，不定式短語作真正的主語；“疑問詞+不定式”作介詞賓語）

［高分句型3］

Notonlydidweovercomethefearofshowingourselvesinfrontoftheaudienceandgaintremendousconfidence,

butalsodeepenedcooperationasateam.（使用侄ij裝句）

2.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構成一個完整的故事。

Hannahtightenedherhelmet,aman'svoiceboomedfromthelouder-speakers:''ParticipantsintheFive-Mile

JuniorFat-tireRace.Pleasegatherbehindtheorangeflags."

Herheartwasfilledwithexcitement.Firstprizewasamountainbike.Onabikelikethat,she'dflythrough

thewoods.

"Three,two,one,go!'*

Thelead-dul（引路人）madeturnontosectionofsingletracked、道）andgatheredspeed,girlwithredhair

rolledinbehindhim.Thelead-outspedupagain.Hannahsloweddownforthehill,followingclosebehindthe

red-hairedgirl,butIhegirlwasgainingspeed.

Hannahspedupandpedaled（騎行）thedownhillsection.Still,thered-haired-girlbikedfaster.Theycrossed

woodenbridge.Thelead-outandthegirldisappearedbehindathickstandoftrees.WhenHannahglancedover

hershoulder,shesawnobodybehindher.

Hannahwatchedfortheorangearrows（箭頭）markingthecourseandbikedthroughthemuddyfields."The

girlmightstillgettired,"shethought.ThenHannahsawher.Attheedgeoftheforest,thegirlwasbendingher

kneesbyherbike,thelead-outnexttoher.Thegirlmusthavegottenaflat.Hannahbikedfaster.Shedidn'tslow

downthehillbutpedaledharder.Shewipedthesweatfromhereyes,breathless.Thelead-outnoticedherand

jumpedonhisbike.Hannahwascloseenoughnowtoseethegirlputtingthechainonthechainring

Hannahfeltenergyflowingthroughherasshefollowedthelead-outpastthegirlintothewoods.Maybeshe

couldwin.

Inthemiddleofasmallgrassland,Hannahlookedback.Thegirlwascomingupbehindheratcrazyspeed.

Hannahreachedfork（岔路）inthetrail.Thelead-out-wasnowhereinsight,butonherleftwasthesignwiththe

orangearrow.Whensheturned,herfootslippedoffthepedal,andsheaccidentallykickedthesignover

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫的短文詞數(shù)應為150左右；

2.應使用至少5個以上短文中標有下劃線的關鍵詞語；

3.續(xù)寫部分分為二段，每段的開頭語已經(jīng)為你寫好：

4.續(xù)寫完成后，請用下劃線標出你所使用的關鍵詞語。

Paragraph1:

“Ineedtostopandfixthesign,ortheotherracermightgetlost."Shethought.

Paragraph2:

Lookingattheshiningmountainbike,Hannahfeltlikecrying

【答案】

Paragraph1:

“Ineedtostopandfixthesign,ortheotherracermightgetlost."Shethought.Butevenasshewasthinking

likethis,herfeetkeptmovingfasterandfaster.Shepedaledtotheend.Asshepassedthefinishline,themanon

theloudspeakersannounced:"HannahAnderson,winneroftheFive-MileJuniorFat-TireRace!”Shewontherace

andgotamountainbiku.

Paragraph2:

Lookingattheshiningmountainbike,Hannahfeltlikecrying."Hey!"Hannahturnedandsawagirljumping

offherbike."Goodjob,“IhegirlsaidtoHannah."IthoughtIalmosthadyou,butImusthavemissedatrail

marker.”"Youwouldhavewonifithadn'tbeenfbryourbikechainandgettinglost,“Hannahmumbled.Thegirl

wassmiling."No,it'sallpartofracing.Youwonfairandsquare.”"Iwantyoutohavethebike.Iaccidently

kickedthesignover."Hannahsaidsoftly.Thegirlwasquiet."Iwantyoutohavethebike,^^Asshehandedover

thebiketotheshockedgirl,Hannahfeltthelumpinherthroatdisappear.

【分析】

本文以事件發(fā)展為線索展開。講述了Hannah參加自行車比賽，不小心踢到了自行車路線標志而導致其他

運動員找不到路，但Hannah最后認識到了錯誤并把獎勵讓給第二名的故事。

【詳解】

1.段落續(xù)寫：

①由第一段內(nèi)容“我得停下來，把路標修好，否則其他車手可能會迷路?！笨芍谝欢蚊鑼懰胄藓寐窐?，

以防其他運動員找不到路，但是根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，她沒有修好路標，直接繼續(xù)比賽獲得了第一名。

②由第二段內(nèi)容“看著閃閃發(fā)光的山地車，Hannah想哭?！笨芍径螒撁鑼懰@得第一名但是心懷愧疚的

心情，在第二名那個女孩過來之后她說出了騎行過程中發(fā)生的事情，她覺得自己扇得不夠光彩，所以她決

定把獎勵“山地自行車”讓給第二名，心情就沒有那么壓抑想哭了。

2.續(xù)寫線索：Hannah發(fā)現(xiàn)路標壞了——Hannah想停下來修理路標卻沒?！狧annah贏得比賽卻心懷愧疚

——Hannah與那個女孩交談說出了比賽過程中發(fā)生的事情并讓出獎勵。

3.詞匯激活

行為類

①行進：come/pedal/bike/go/keepmoving

②修理：fix/repair

③輸贏：win/getthefirstprize/have/lose/faiI

情緒類

①驚訝：surprised/shock/unexcept

②羞愧：shame/ashamed/shameful/pity

【點睛】

[高分句型1].Asshepassedthefinishline,themanontheloudspeakersannounced（由as引導時間狀語從句）

[高分句型2].Youwouldhavewonifithadn'tbeenforyourbikechainandgettinglost.（由if引導條件狀語從

句）

3.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Exercisingisafreetimeactivitythathelpspeopletofeelgoodinmanyaspectsofthehealthdefinition.

Thebestknownpartthatexercisingimprovesisthephysicalpart.Thephysicaleffectofexercisingisthat

everypartandsystemofourbodyisincontinuousmovement.Therearemanypartsinourbodythatbenefitfrom

exercise,butoneofthemostimportantpartsthatexercisinghelpsisthebloodcirculationsystem.Forexample,

whenyouexercise,musclesmove,andtomove,musclesneedoxygenintheblood,sothehearthastopump

bloodatafasterspeedtokeepthemusclesmoving.Thistrainsyourheartandlungsgivingyoumorestrengthfor

thefuture.

Anotherpartofthedefinitionofhealthismentalhealth.Thisisoneoftheaspectsthatmakespeopleexercise.

Exercisedistractsandrelaxesyouforawhilebecauseinyourexercise,youaregettingridofmanyfeelings,such

asstress.Manypeoplefeelthatafterexercising,alltheproblemsandpressuresoftheirlifestyledisappearorat

leastareforgottenforawhile.Whileexercisingproblemsofourlivescanbesolvedbecauseyouarecalmand

relaxed,anditsjustmucheasiertothinkclearly.

Thesocialaspectofhealthishelpedwithexercisebecausemanyofthesportsareandcanbemadewith

someoneelse.Thismakesstrongerrelationshipsbecauseyoumeetpeoplethatlikeyouandsharethesamethings.

Ithinkthatthismakesyoufeelmoresecureandlearnabouthumanrelationships.

Exercisingisanactivitythattouchesthethreeaspectsofhealth.Byexercisingyoucouldimprovethe

functioningofyourbody,becalminyourmind,andmeetnewpeoplewhichmakeahealthierlife.Allinall,

exercisingenablesyoutogetthesatisfactionofdoingsomethingthathelpsyoutoliveahealthylife.Thisidea

causesmanypeopletothinkofexerciseasadrug.Youshouldtryit.Exercise,andbehealthy.

【答案】

Exercisingishelpfulinmanyaspectsofpeople'shealth（要點一）.First,itimprovesourphysicalhealth,

especiallyourbloodcirculationsystem（要點二）.Italsodoesgreatgoodtopeople'smentalhealth,withmany

negativefeelingsreleased（要點三）.Besides,exercisingcanstrengthenpeople'ssocialrelationshipsby

exercisingwiththosehavingthesameinterests.Inaword,exercisingbenefitsusphysically,me