完形填空解題技巧突破及專練

完形填空是一種最常見的考題,它主要考查學(xué)生的綜合分析判斷能力和運用英語語言的

實踐能力，也是對學(xué)生綜合素質(zhì)的考查。要做好完形填空題，既要具備一定的詞匯量、語法

知識和英語語感等基本功，又要具備快速閱讀理解和綜合分析判斷能力。

中考完形填空考點如下：

1.語法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞。

2.具有語法變化的普通詞，如動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容

詞和副詞的級等。

3.固定搭配短語或詞組中的特定詞。

4.同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。

5.根據(jù)上、卜文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。

解題步驟及方法

—、瀏覽全文，掌握大意

在做完形填空題之前應(yīng)跳讀全文，抓住首尾句的含義，猜測空格詞的意思，

判斷文體，初步掌握短文大意。

二、逐句落實，綜合判斷

在做完形填空時，你所選擇的答案要既符合語法，又符合語義和邏輯。千萬

不要顧此失彼。因此，既要根據(jù)短文大意，注意句意銜接和照應(yīng)關(guān)系，看看語義

和邏輯是否和短文相吻合；又要考慮語法如時態(tài)、語態(tài)、慣用法是否合理恰當，

要做到前后照應(yīng)，形意結(jié)合，綜合判斷?？梢韵纫缀箅y，然后逐句落實。

三、反復(fù)推敲，驗證答案

反復(fù)閱讀，再三復(fù)查也是做完形填空題最重要的步驟之一。它是對每一個所

選答案的“終審判決”。做完形填空題后，不要急于草草收場，要細讀短文幾遍，

檢查所選答案是否和上下文相吻合。對有疑點的答案要反復(fù)推敲，作出決定；對

無法確定的答案，不要漏選，可根據(jù)上下文猜詞填空。

[例1]Doyouhaveaplanforyourfuture?Ourcountryhasitsplan.

ItsellswhatChinahopesto]innextfiveyears.

Theplanpromiseshigherpay,bettereducationand2pollution

by2010.Ifthepromisesallcometrue,Chinesepeople)s3wi11change

alot.

4theplan,peopleinthecountrywillbenefitalot.Forexample,

thegovernmentwill_5_safedrinkingwaterto100millioncountryside

peoplein2010.—6_roadswi11bebuilttoconnectalltownsandvi1lages.

Sopeoplelivingintheruralareaswillsoondrinkrunning

water_7_dirtywellwater.

Astheplandescribe,Chinawillmakestepsforwardinscience.China

spacemenwilllandonthe_8—.Chinamightbuilditsownbigplanes.

Ifyougotouniversity_9_airin2010,youwillprobablyfindthat

theplaneisnotfromBoeing(波音)orAirBus.It'smadein_10_.

()1.A.beB.doC.makeD.have

()2.A.moreB.littleC.lessD.fewer

()3.A.lifeB.houseC.clothesD.food

()4.A.InordertoB.AccordingtoC.SofarD.Asfor

()5.A.offerB.takeC.bringD.carry

()6.A.FarB.HighC.LowD.Broad

()7.A.infrontofB.becauseofC.insteadofD.tired

()8.A.NorthPoleB.moonC.earthD.sun

()9.A.throughB.onC.withD.by

()10.A.EuropeB.AmericaC.ChinaD.1France

【例2】【經(jīng)典范例】

TheseasonsinAustraliaareopposite(/且反)toours.titiswinter

here,itissummerthere.

Australiais2thesouthoftheworld.June,JulyandAugust

arethewintermonths.ThesummerisinDecember,3andFebruary.

Thenorthofthecountryis4thanthesouth.

Australia'smainproblemiswater.A5largepartofthecountry

hasnorainatall.Buttheeastcoast(海岸)hasrain6theyearround.

Therearenodrymonthshere.

InMarch,1982,therewasaterribledrought(干旱)inAustralia.The

summerraindidn't7,Therewere138millionsheepinAustraliathat

year.Thiswas14%ofallthesheepintheworld.

Becausetherewasnot8rainandthegrassdidn'tgrowwell,the

farmers9tosellmanyoftheirsheepandmanysheep10,too.It

wasagreatdisaster(1災(zāi)難)forAustraliafarmers.

()1.A.BecauseB.SinceC.WhenD.For

()2.A.inB.c)nC.toD.near

()3.A.NovemberB.JanuaryC.MarchD.October

()4.A.colder1B.coolerC.hotterD.warmer

()5.A.veryB.soC.tooD.much

()6.A.whole1B.halfC.allD.part

()7.A.haveB.fallC.giveD.keep

()8.A.plenty]B.alittleC.alotD.enough

()9.A.haveB.Y.C.mustD.needed

()10.A.diedB1.deadC.deathD.dying

【例3】【綜合能力訓(xùn)練】

Charliecamefromapoorvillage.Hisparentshad]moneytosend

himtoschoolwhenhewasyoung.Theboywasverysad.Mr.Kinglivednext

tohim.Hefoundtheboy2andhadpityonhimandlentsomemoney

tohim.Sotheboycouldgotoschool.Hestudiedhardand3allhis

lessons.Whenhefinishedmiddleschool,themanintroducedhimtohis

friendinthetown.Andhebegantowork.

OnceMr.Kingwasseriouslyhurtinanaccident.Dying,heasked

Charlietotakecareofhisdaughter,Sharon.Theyoungman4and

severalyearslaterhemarriedthegirl.Helovedherverymuchandtried

hisbesttomakeherhappy.Heoftenboughtbeautifulclothesanddelicious

foodforher.Hewasgoodatcookingandhecooked5forher.Soshe

becameveryfatandshefeltitdifficulttowalk.Andonedayshefound

therewassomethingwrongwithherheart.Herhusbandwasn,tathomeand

shehadtogoto6atonce.Thedoctorslookedheroverandtoldher

7eatmeat,sugar,chocolateandthingslikethese.Shewasafraid

8thedoctor'swordsandwroteallthenamesofthefoodonthepaper.

Whenshegothome,sheputthelistonthetableand9,Whenshe

returnedhomethatafternoon,shefoundmanykindsoffood:meat,sugar

andchocolateinthekitchen.Charliewasbusy10there.Assoonas

hesawher,hesaidhappily,'Tveboughtallthefoodyoulike,dear!”

1.A.noB.someC.muchD.enough

2.A.lazyB.cleverC.carefulD.hard

3.A.didwellinB.waspoor<itC.wasworkingD.was

goodfor

4.A.wasangryB.thoughthardC.agreedD.said“No.”

5.A.alittleB.afewC.manyD.alot

6.A.restB.sleepC.hospitalD.work

7.A.shouldB.wouldC.toD.notto

8.A.torememberB.toforgetC.tocatchD.toteach

9.A.sleptB.wentoutC.cookedD.ate

10.A.readingB.seeingC.cookingD.writing

【例4】

WhydoIwanttogotocollege?Noonehaseveraskedme]aquestion.

ButmanytimesIhaveaskedmyself.Ihave2awholevarietyofreasons.

3importantreasonisthatIwanttobeabetterman.

Manythingsmakehumanbeingsdifferent4orbetterthanoreven

superiortoanimals.

Oneofthemostimportantthingsis5IfIfailtoreceivehigher

education,myeducation6,AsIwanttobeafully7man,Imust

getawell-roundededucation,whichgoodcollegesanduniversitiesare

supposedto8.Iknowonecangeteducatedinmanyways,butcolleges

anduniversitiesare9thebestplacestoteachmehowtoeducate

myself.OnlywhenIamwell-educated,willIbeabetterhumanbeingand

10fitintosociety.

1.A.quiteB.soC.suchD.another

2.A.comeupwithB.agreedwithC.beenfedupwithD.got

onwellwith

3.A.MostB.ThemostC.MoreD.Much

4.A.toB.aroundC.betweenD.from

5.A.educationB.weatherC.temperatureD.science

6.A.finishedB.don'tfinish

C.willnotfinishD.hasfinished

7.A.developB.developedC.developingD.experience

8.A.improveB.graduateC.hearD.provide

9.A.betweenB.amongC.insideD.outside

10.A.cangoodB.maybetter

C.beabletobetterD.beabletobest

【例5】

Athirstybeewenttoarivertodrink.Asitwasdrinking,thebee

was]awaybytherunningwater.

Akindbirdsawthatthebeewasin2.Itpicked3offatree

andthrew4intothewaterinfrontofthebee.Thebeeclimbed_5

theleaf,anditwasbrought6totheland.Thebeethankedthebee

alotandthen7.

Not8that,thebirdwassitting9thebranchofatree.It

didnotknowthatamanwasshootingatit.Butthebeesaw10the

manwasdoing.Soitflewintotheman's11andstung（刺蜚）him.The

12intheman'seyewassogreatthathewasnotableto13the

bird,andthebirdflewaway.

14一thebee,15lifehadbeensavedbythebird,wasabletosave

thelifeofthebird.

1.A.flyingB.broughtC.flowingD.carried

2.A.troubleB.atroubleC.dangerD.dangerous

3.A.aleafB.leavesC.leafD.theleaf

4.A.themB.oneC.itD.this

5.A.ontoB.onC.toD.at

6.A.safetyB.safeC.savedD.safely

7.A.climbedawayB.ranawayC.flewawayD.gotaway

8.A.longbeforeB.beforelongC.afterlongD.longafter

9.A.inB.onC.atD.by

10.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

11.A.eyeB.noseC.mouthD.ear

12.A.painB.beeC.birdD.earache

13.A.shootB.shootatC.shoottoD.shooton

14.A.InthewayB.OnthewayC.InawayD.Inthisway

15.A.herB.theC.whoseD.its

【例6】

FarleyworkedfortheCanadiangovernment.Oneday,hewas]to

learnmoreaboutwolves.Dowolveskilllotsofcaribou（北美馴鹿）?Do

theykillpeople?

Theygavehimlotsoffoodandclothesandguns.Thentheyputhim

onaplaneandtookhimto2.Theplaneputhimdownandwentaway.

Therewerenohousesorpeopleinthisplace.Buttherewerelotsofanimals

andlotsofwolves.

Peopletellterriblestoriesaboutwolves.Theysaywolvesliketo

killandeatpeople.Farleyrememberedthesestories,andhewas3.

Hehadhisgunwithhim4.

Thenoneday,hesawagroupofwolves.Therewasamotherwolfwith

fourbabywolves.Afatherwolfandanotheryoungwolflivedwiththem.

Farleywatchedthesewolveseveryday.Themotherwasavery5

mother.Shegavemilktoherbabies.Shegavethemlessonsaboutlife.

Theylearnedhowto6food.Thefatherwolfgotfoodforthemother.

Theyoungwolf7thechildren.Theywereanice,happyfamily-wolf

family!Farleydidnotneedhis8anymore.Inashorttime,hegot

onwellwiththefamily.Farleywatchedthemforfivemonths.Helearned

thatmanystoriesaboutthewolveswere9.Wolvesdonoteatpeople,

andtheydonoteatmanylargeanimals.Andhealsolearnedbadthings

aboutmen.Itwasmenwhokilledmanycaribouandwolves.

Later,Farleywroteabookaboutwolves.Hewantedpeopleto10

themandnottokillthem.

1.A.seenB.toldC.heardD.found

2.A.asmalltownB.abigcityC.afarplaceD.a

lonelyvillage

3.A.afraidB.happyC.angryD.tired

4.A.attimesB.allthetimeC.onceaweekD.every

afternoon

5.A.badB.goodC.hungryD.thirsty

6.A.cookB.makeC.getD.pick

7.A.shoutedatB.lookedintoC.laughedatD.played

with

8.A.foodB.clothesC.gunD.plane

9.A.notgoodB.nottrueC.noteasyD.notclear

10.A.growB.haveC.teachD.understand

【例7】

ManypeoplethinkthatAmericans]theircarsalmostmorethan

anythingelse.When2peoplearefourteenyearsold,theywanttohave

their3cars.Theydon'taskforacarfromtheir4.Somanyof

themworkin5timeduringtheirlastyearofhighschooltobuya

car.Learningto6andgettingadriver,slicensemaybeoneofthe

mostexcitingthingsinayoungperson*slife.

Somepeoplealmost7gotoadoctorwhentheyareill.Butthey

will8theircarstoagarageassoonastheythinkthereisa9.

OnSaturdaysorSundayssomepeoplemay10mostoftheirtimewashing

andrepairingtheircars.

1.A.preferB.loveC.driveD.play

2.A.littleB.bigC.oldD.young

3.A.newB.ownC.expensiveD.cheap

4.A,friendsB.teachersC.parentsD.brothers

5.A.freeB.busyC.studyD.good

6.A.makeB.mendC.washD.drive

7.A.alwaysB.neverC.oftenD.usually

8.A.takeB.carryC.pullD.lift

9.A.questionB.wrongC.mistakeD.problem

10.A.costB.getC.spendD.use

【例8】

Whodesigned（設(shè)計）thefirsthelicopter（直升飛機）？Who]ofthe

mostfamouspicturesintheworld?Whoknewmoreaboutthehumanbodythan

most2?Thereisananswer3allthesequestions---Leonardo

deVinci（達芬奇）.

Leonardomayhavebeenthegreatestgenius（天才.）4haveever

known.HelivedinItalyaroundtheyear1500,butmanyofhisinventions

seemmoderntoustoday.Forexample,oneofhisnotebookshasdrawings

ofahelicopter.Ofcourse,hecouldn,t5ahelicopterwiththethings

hehad.Butscientistssayhisideawouldhaveworked.

ButLeonardo6aninventor.Hewasoneofthegreatestartists

ofhisday.Bythetimehewastwentyyearsold,hewascalledamaster

（大師）painter,andashegotolderhebecame7morefamous.Sometimes

hedrewahandtendifferentways8hewasreadytopaint.

ManyofLeonardo?swonderfulpaintingsarestillwith9today.

Youmayknowoneofhismostfamousworksthe10womanknownasthe

MonaLisa.

1.A.tookB.madeC.paintedD.invented

2.A.artistsB.doctorsC.paintersD.people

3.A.toB.ofC.forD.from

4.A.thescientistsB.theartistsC.theworldD.people

5.A.drawB.paintC.workD.build

6.A.wasjustB.wasn'tjustC.wasn,tD.wasno

longer

7.A.lessB.noC.evenD.very

8.A.beforeB.afterC.becauseD.when

9.A.himB.usC.themD.you

10.A.interestingB.cryingC.smilingD.surprising

【例9】

Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasketinthegarden.Hetoldthem

tofillitwithwaterfromawell.Afterthey1theirwork,heleft

them,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwillcomeandseeyourwork.”

Atlastoneofthemsaid,"What'stheuseofdoingthisfoolishwork?

Wecan2fillthebasket."3mananswered,“Thatisnoneofyour

business."Thefirstmansaid."Youmaydoasyoulike,butIamnot

goingtoworkat4sofoolish.”He5hisbucketandwentaway.

Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying6.Atlastthewell

wasalmost7.

Ashepouredthelastbucketofwaterintothebasket,hesawabright

thinginit.Hepickeditup.Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthenthe

kingcame.8hesawthering,heknewthathehadfoundthekindof

manhewanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringforhimself."You9so

wellinthislittlething,“hesaid,"10nowIknowIcanbelieve

youwithmanythings.”

1.A.finishedB.didC.beganD.had

2.A.everB.neverC.easilyD.no

3.A.TheotherB.AnotherC.OneD.Asecond

4.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything

5.A.pickedupB.putawayC.tookawayD.threwaway

6.A.waterB.basketC.wellD.work

7.A.fullB.emptyC.filledD.clean

8.A.WhileB.AssoonasC.BeforeD.Since

9.A.havedoneB.willdoC.doD.aredoing

10.A.whatB.whyC.whenD.that

【例10]

Foodisveryimportant.Everyoneneedsto]wellifheorshewants

tohaveastrongbody.Ourmindsalsoneedakindoffood.Thiskindof

foodis2.Webegintogetknowledgeeven3weareveryyoung.

Smallchildrenare4ineverythingaroundthem.Theylearn5while

theyarewatchingandlistening.Whentheyaregettingolder,theybegin

to6storybooks,sciencebooks***,anythingtheylike.Whentheyfind

somethingnew,theylovetoaskquestionsand7tofindoutanswers.

Whatisthebest8togetknowledge?Ifwelearnbyourselves,wewill

get9knowledge.Ifweare10gettinganswersfromothersanddo

notaskwhy,wewillneverlearnwell.Whenwestudyintherightway,

wewilllearnmoreandunderstandbetter.

1.A.sleepB.readC.drinkD.eat

2.A.sportB.exerciseC.knowledgeD.meat

3.A.untilB.whenC.afterD.so

4.A.interestedB.interestingC.weakD.better

5.A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything

6.A.lendB.readC.learnD.write

7.A.tryB.haveC.refuseD.wait

8.A.placeB.schoolC.wayD.road

9.A.littleB.fewC.manyD.themost

10.A.oftenB.alwaysC.usuallyD.something

【例11】

Someonesays,“Timeismoney."ButIthinktimeis]important

thanmoney.Why?Becausewhenmoneyisspent,wecangetitback.However,

whentimeis2it'Hnever3.That's4wemustn,twaste

time.

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthe5isusuallylimited.Evena

secondisveryimportant.Weshouldmakefulluseofourtimetodo6

useful.

Butitisapitythattherearealotofpeoplewhodonotknowthe

importanceoftime.Theyspenttheirlimitedtimesmoking,drinkingand

7.Theydonotknowthatwastingtimemeanswastingpartoftheirown

8.

Inaword,weshouldsavetime.Weshouldn,t9today'swork

fortomorrow.Rememberwehavenotimeto10.

1.A.muchB.lessc.muchlessD.evenmore

2.A.costB.boughtC.goneD.finished

3.A.returnB.carryc.takeD.bring

4.A.whatB.thatc.becauseD.why

5.A.moneyB.timec.dayD.food

6.A.nothingB.somethingc.anythingD.everything

7.A.readingB.writingC.playingD.working

8.A.timeB.foodC.moneyD.life

9.A.stopB.leaveC.letD.give

10.A.loseB.savec.spendD.take

【例12】

Nasreddinwasapoorman,sohetriedtogrow]hecouldinhis

owngarden,sothathewouldnothavetobuysomanyinthemarket.

Oneeveningheheardanoiseinhisgardenandlookedoutofthewindow.

Awhiteoxhadgotintothegardenand2hisvegetables.Nasreddin

atoncetookhisstick,ranoutandchasedtheox,buthewastoooldto

catchit.Whenhegotbacktohisgarden,hefoundthattheoxhadruined

mostofhispreciousvegetables.

3,whilehe4inthestreetnearhishouse,hesawacartwith

twowhiteoxenwhichlookedverymuchliketheonethat5his

vegetables.Hewascarryinghisstickwithhim,6heatoncebegan

tobeatthetwooxenwithit.Asneitherofthemlookedmoreliketheox

thathadeatenhisvegetablesthantheother,hebeatbothofthemequally

hard.

Theowneroftheoxandcartwasdrinkingcoffeeina1

coffee-house.Whenhesaw8Nasreddinwasdoing9hisanimals,

heranoutandshouted,“Whatareyoudoing?Whathavethosepooranimals

donetoyouforyoutobeatthemlikethat?”

“Youkeepoutthis!”Nasreddinshoutedback,“Thisisamatter

betweenmeandoneofthesetwooxen.HeknowsverywellIC)Iambeating

him!”

1.A.somanyvegetablesB.manyvegetables

C.asmanyasvegetablesD.asmanyvegetablesas

2.A.waseatingB.ateC.hadeatenD.haseaten

3.A.NextdayB.Nextmorning

C.LastmorningD.Thenextmorning

4.A.walksB.wakedC.waswalkingD.walking

5.A.ruinedB.hadeatenC.ateD.hadruin

6.A.soB.andC.butD.or

7.A.besideB.nearbyC.nearD.nearby

8.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.what

9.A.forB.toC.withD.on

10.A.reasonB.whenC.whyD.because

【例13】

Tomgrowsthenicestvegetablesandfruitsandthemostbeautiful

flowersinthevillage.PlantsgrowinTom'sgardenallthroughthe]

andtheyaremuch2.

Tomcutssomeflowersforhissittingroomtable,eatssomefruits

andvegetables,buthe3mostoftheminthemarket.Hisvegetables,

fruitandflowersareso4andbeautifulthattheysoldmuchmore5

inthemarketthanthoseofothervillagers.

HowdoesTomgrowthesebeautifulthings?Heisso6thathejust

sitsunderhisorangetreewithhisradio.

He1themusicallday.

Thatisquitetrue.Tom8thingsinspring,summer,autumnand

winter.Afterthathesitswithhisradio.Andeverything9.Itis

themusicthatdoesthework.Tomknowsmoreclearlythatmusicmakesthe

biggestvegetablesandthemostbeautifulflowers.Plantslove_10_as

muchaspeople.

1.A.weekB.monthC.seasonD.year

2.A.betterB.worseC.lessD.later

Vs

A.bu-B.sellsC.borrowsD.lends

4.A.dearB.badc.bigD.small

5.A.politelyB.quicklyC.slowlyD.carefully

6.A.angryB.busyc.tiredD.lazy

7.A.listenstoB.hearsC.watchesD.speaks

8.A.fillsB.plantsC.throwsD.makes

9.A.doesB.movesc.growsD.plays

10.A.workB.rainc.storiesD.music

【例14]

Forseveralyears,Americanshaveenjoyedteleshopping-watchingTV

andbuyingthingsbyphone.NowteleshoppingisstartinginEurope.In

some]countries,peoplecanturnontheir2andshopforclothes,

jewelry,food,toysand3things.

TeleshoppingisbecomingpopularinSweden.4,thebiggest

SwedishcompanysellsdifferentkindsofthingsonTVinfifteenEuropean

countries,andinoneyear,itmakes$10million.InFrance,thereare

twoteleshoppingchannels,andtheFrench5about$20millionayear

inbuyingthingsthroughthosechannels.

InGermany,6lastyearteleshoppingwasonlypossibleonone

channelforonehoureveryday.Thenthegovernmentallowedmore

teleshopping.Otherchannelscan7fortelebusiness,includingthe

largestAmericanteleshoppingcompanyanda24-hourteleshoppingcompany.

German8arehopingthesewillhelpthemsellmorethings.

Somepeopleliketeleshoppingbecauseitallowsthemtodotheir

shoppingwithout9,Withallthetrafficproblemsincities,going

shoppingisnotaneasything.Butatthesametime,otherEuropeans10

likethisnewwayofbuyingthings.Theycall11"junkontheair.”

ManyEuropeansusuallyworryaboutthequalityofthethings12on

TV.Theythinkhighqualityisthemostimportantthing,andtheydon't

believetheycanbesureaboutthequalityofthethings13.

TheneedofhighqualitymeansthatEuropeanteleshoppingcompanies

willhavetobe14theAmericancompanies.Theywillhavetobemore

carefulabout15ofthethingstheysell.Theywillalsohavetowork

hardertosellthingsthatthebuyerscannottouchorseebythemselves.

1.A.EuropeanB.AsianC.AmericanD.African

2.A.lightsB.switchesc.radiosD.TVs

3.A.someelseB.anothermanyc.theotherD.manyother

4.A.SuchasB.Forexamplec.ForteleshoppingD.Itis

like

5.A.takesB.costc.spendsD.spend

6.A.toB.untilc.unlessD.by

7.A.beginB.leavec.openD.turnon

8.A.peopleB.womenC.businessmenD.officials

9.A.togooutDB.goingout

C.tobuythingscbuyingthings

10.A.stillB.don'tcevenD.won't

11.A.teleshoppingB.TVcradioD.telephone

12.A.appearingB.comingoutforsaleD.tobuy

13.A.intheshopB.onTVC.theyboughtD.bythis

way

14.A.thesamewith