內(nèi)蒙古通遼市科左后旗甘旗卡第二高級中學2024-2025學年高二英語下學期開學考試試題

PAGE5內(nèi)蒙古通遼市科左后旗甘旗卡其次高級中學2024-2025學年高二英語下學期開學考試試題試卷總分：120分（折后150分）考試時間：100分鐘留意事項：1.答題時，務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。2.答選擇題時,必需運用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動,用橡皮擦擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號。3.答非選擇題時,必需運用黑色墨水筆或黑色簽字筆,將答案書寫在答題卡規(guī)定的位置上。4.全部題目必需在答題卡上作答,在試題卷上答題無效。5.考試結(jié)束后,只將答題卡交回。其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AEastbourneFestivalWithsuchstrongsupportfromthegeneralpublic,thefestivalissurelyagreateventforpeopleofallages.Thisfreefamilyweekendeventbringstogetherpeoplefromallovertheglobemixingculture,foodandmusicinagreatsettingatHampdenPark.Time:Sat.24-Mon.26Aug.EastbourneInternationalAirshowTheworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.Theeventalsoincludeschildren'sentertainmentareas,eveningconcerts,helicopterrides.Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.Grounddisplaysopen10:00am-6:00pmdaily,withflyingfromlunchtimeuntilabout5pm.Time:Thur.15-Sun.18Aug.ACelebrationofLandandSeaSovereignHarbourYachtClubattheWaterfrontis,onceagain,pleasedtobeabletopresenttheirthirdannualCelebrationofLandandSeaevent.Theeventisfreeforallvisitorswithplentyofon-sitefreeparking,andnolivemusicperformanceswillneedtobecanceledduetothesummerweather.Thisyearyou'llbeluckytoenjoythefireworksdisplayduringthecelebration.ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.Theeventopensat10:00amdaily.Pleaseseewebsiteformoreinformation.PunchandJudyReturningforhis26thyearEastboume'sPunchandJudy,RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursdaythroughouttheschoolholidaysattheusualtimeof12:30and2:00pm.1．Whicheventendsupwithafireworksshow?A．PunchandJudy. B．EastbourneFestival.C．ACelebrationofLandandSea. D．EastbourneInternationalAirshow.2．Whenwill"ACelebrationofLandandSea"begin?A．OnMonday. B．OnFriday. C．OnSaturday. D．OnSunday.3．Whatdothefoureventshaveincommon?A．They'reopentothepublicforfree.B．They'responsoredbythepublic.C．Theyarerelatedtotraditions.D．Theyareinternationalaffairs.BDoyouloveholidaysbuthatetheincreaseweightthatfollows?Youarenotalone.Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasureanddeliciousfoods.Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.Theideaistoenjoytheholidaysbutnottoeattoomuch.Youdon'thavetoturnawayfromthefoodsthatyouenjoy.Thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofsomehelptoyou.Donotmissmeals.Beforeyonleavehomeforafeast,haveasmall,low-fatsnack.Thismayhelptokeepyoufromgettingtooexcitedbeforedeliciousfoods.Beginwithclearsoupandfruitorvegetables.Alargeglassofwaterbeforeyoueatmayhelpyoufeelfull.Useasmallplate;alargeplatewillencourageyoutohavemorethanenough.Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.Dishesthatlookoilyorcreamyhavemuchfatinthem.Chooseleanmeat(瘦肉).Fillyourplatewithsaladandgreenvegetables.Ifyouhaveasweettooth,trymints(薄荷)andfruits.Theydon’thavefatcontentascreamandchocolate.Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.A20-minutewalkafteramealcanhelpburnoffexcess(過多的)calories.4．Holidaysarehappydayswithpleasurebuttheymay________.A．bringyoumuchtroubleinyourlife B．makeyouworriedaboutyourfoodsC．bringweightproblems D．makeyouhatedeliciousfoods5．Inordertoreallyenjoyyourholidayswithoutputtingonweight,you'dbetter_____.A．drinkmuchwaterandhavevegetablesonly B．turnawayfromdeliciousfoodsC．notacceptinvitationstofeasts D．noteatthefoodinhighfat6．Accordingtothepassage,____isanecessaryparttostopyoufromputtingonweight.A．vegetables B．waterC．caloriesofenergy D．physicalexercise7．Manypeoplecan'thelpputtingonweightaftertheholidaysbecausethey_______.A．can'tcontrolthemselvesB．gototoomanyfeastsC．enjoydeliciousfoodsD．can'thelpturningawayfromthefoodsCIfyouhaveevertriedanewsportortriedlearningamusicalinstrument,youmaywellknowthatthehardestpartisgettingstarted.Onceyouhavelearnedtheskills,theyreturnfairlyeasily,eveniftheyarenotusedforlongperiodsoftime.Mostexpertsputthisdownto"musclememory,"whichmeansthebrainrememberstheactionandcanrememberitwhenneeded.Thereisanotherthingthatmaybeasimportantinrecallingformerlylearnedsportskills—themistakesmadewhilelearningthetask.ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.Rezabelievesthatthishastodowiththefactthatinadditiontoperformingthetasktomusclememory,thebrainisalsocorrectingeachwrongmoveandlearninghowtocorrectit.Hecomparesittohavingacoachthatpointsoutthemistakesandmakessuggestionsonhowtoimprove.Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.Makingmistakesisagoodthing.Sothenexttimeyouarepracticingplayingthepiano,workingonyourtennisskill,orlearninganyothersportskill,don'tgetdiscouragedbythemistakes!8．Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout_________.A．howRezacarriedouttheexperiment B．whenthegamerslearnedagamewellC．whatgamesthevolunteerswereinterestedin D．whytheresearcherslikedtoplayvirtualgames9．WhatsurprisedRezamostabouttheresults?A．MistakesmakepeoplelearnfasterB．MistakesadddifficultytolearningC．MistakeswillberepeatedinlearningD．Mistakesspeeduptheactionsinbrain10．Fromtheresearch,weknow___________.A．learningisacourseofpracticeB．thebraincanpointoutmostmistakesC．mistakestrainthebraintodotasksbetter D．mistakeswillmakepeoplediscouraged11．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．MistakeshelpachievesuccessB．MistakesshouldbecorrectedintimeC．Musclememorymakesyousucceed D．MusclememoryshowspastexperienceDAtonepointinJunelastyear,ZengJiapengwasmorethan10,000yuanindebttoasmartphoneapp.The23-year-oldShanghaicitizenpaysforhisonlinepurchasesoffood,clothes,andtravelwithHuabei,avirtualcreditcardthat'spartofAlibabaGroupHoldingLtd.’sspreadingstableofe-commerce.Hisspendingoftenusedtogobeyondhisonlysourceofincome:the8,000-yuanmonthlyallowancefromhisparents.Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.Unsecuredconsumerlendinghasexpanded20%ayearinChinasince2008.TheamountofconsumerfinanceavailablethroughtheInternetwillmorethandouble,to19trillionyuan,by2024,from7.8trillionyuanlastyear.Officialdatashowedthatalmost70%ofChina’s50millionP2Pborrowerswereyoungerthan40.AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.”Regulators(監(jiān)管部門)lastyearlaunchedabreakdownonpeer-to-peerlending,which,besidesbeingasourceofeasycredit,hadalsobecomeapopularinvestmentvehicle.Thesectorhasshrunktolessthanhalfitspeaksizeasaresultofforcedshutdowns.12．WhatcanwelearnaboutZengJiapengfromthefirstparagraph?A．Hewasindebtbecauseheboughtsmartphoneapp.B．HelikespurchasinggoodsontheappHuabeiofAlibabaGroup.C．Healwaysspentmorethanheearnedfromhissalaryinthepast.D．Hedependedonhisparentstosupporthimtorepayhisdebt.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“frugal”inParagraph3probablymean?A．ImpracticalB．HardworkingC．AvoidingwasteD．Relyingonothers14．whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesChina’sonlineconsumerfinance?A．HopelessB．UnreasonableC．ControlledD．sensible15．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．Overconsumption—ABadHabitB．China’sGenerationZ—HookedOnCreditC．ChineseYouthIntheE—commerceAgeD．ZengJinpeng’sFinancialCrisi其次節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”16．Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.Withaslowermetabolism,fewercaloriesarebeingburned.Thusthecaloriesyoueatrightbeforebedwouldnotbebumpedoffasmuchastheywouldbewhileyou'reawake.Althoughthescienceseemsprettysound,recentstudieshaveshownthatmetabolismchangesverylittlewhileyouareasleep.Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.17．Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.18．Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.19．Ithaslittletodowiththetimewhenyoueat.SohowcomeindividualshavehigherBMIswhentheysnack'atnight?Althoughthereisarelationbetweenthetwo,itissimplyaresultofeatingtoomanycalories!Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.20．.A．Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.B．Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.C．Anyoneeatinganytimeafterthemorningwillbecomefat.D．Foodconsumedlateatnightwillmorelikelybestoredaway.E.Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue.F.Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight.G.There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed.第三部分語言學問運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Whentwosistersfoundthemselveshavingdifficultyfindingawaytogettotheiraunt’s100thbirthdayparty,theywerefortunately21byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.Lastweekend,sistersKerryMaggardandDebEggers22toflyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty,buttheirflightwascanceled23badweather.TheysoonfoundthatallotherflightstoSouthDakotawere24,andtherewerenotaxisavailable,25theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.Feelingliketheyhadnoother26,Kerrymadealast-ditch(孤注一擲的)attempttogettothepartybycallingUber,andtheirridewas27byamannamedJesusFlorentino.“Iwasshockedthatsomeonepickeditup.Itwaskindofalastresort(最終一招)to28ifanyonewouldconsiderit,”Kerryrecalled.“ItwaspickedupatonceandofcourseIgotthe29onthephonewhichsaid‘Jesusis7minutesaway,’whichwasquitea30.”KerrycalledJesustomakesurethathewas31tomakethe400-mileround32,andmuchtohersurprise,hesaidhewasgameforit!Jesus33togetthesisterstotheiraunt’shouseintimeforher6pmparty,andhequicklyturnedbackaroundtomakethefour-hourtripbacktoMinneapolis.Kerrysaidafterwardthatshe34Jesus$50forthe$216trip,whichisa(n)35pricetopayforthequalitytimethatshegottospendwithheraunt.AsforJesus,hewasjust36thatthewomengottobetherefortheiraunt."Ifeltthattheyneededto37thebirthdaypartyandIenjoy38,soitworkedoutwell,”Jesussaid.“It'sa(n)39occasion,andifIwasintheirplaceIwould40verymuchsomeonebringingmetherewhentherewasnootherway.”21．A．a(chǎn)ffected B．interviewed C．helped D．followed22．A．planned B．continued C．happened D．refused23．A．dueto B．a(chǎn)sfor C．a(chǎn)ccordingto D．a(chǎn)partfrom24．A．recorded B．offered C．organized D．booked25．A．showing B．meaning C．predicting D．reporting26．A．information B．questions C．reason D．choices27．A．pickedup B．lookedinto C．putdown D．heldup28．A．imagine B．see C．recommend D．prove29．A．invitation B．number C．direction D．message30．A．mess. B．challenge C．shock D．struggle31．A．willing. B．a(chǎn)fraid C．quick D．careful32．A．race B．trip C．corner D．flight33．A．learned B．managed C．pretended D．failed34．A．borrowed B．saved C．gave D．returned35．A．fair B．fixed C．a(chǎn)verage D．full36．A．grateful B．surprised C．confident D．happy37．A．remember B．a(chǎn)ttend C．expect D．change38．A．walking B．talking C．driving D．staying39．A．informal B．similar C．rare D．important40．A．miss B．consider C．a(chǎn)ppreciate D．regret其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scienceexperimentscanhelpyoutounderstandthereasonbehindanythingandeverything.Aswegrowup,wegettoknowmanythingswhichwewouldbe41．(astonish)toseeaskids.42．(make)akidunderstandthedifferencebetweenmagicandreality,youneedtoshowhimthesciencebehindit.Youwillnotfaceanydifficultyindoingsoastheyarealwayseagertoknowaboutit.Itisabasichumanabilitytorememberthingswhichhe43．(watch)anddoesbyhimself.Hence(因此)practicalexercisesareveryimportantforchildrenintheirdailylife.Fewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindwhile44．(select)theexperimentsforkids.The45．(much)importantthingistotakeasimpleconcept.Iftheconceptistoodifficult,46．willbedifficultforchildrentofinishthatexperiment.Soyoushouldselectsimpleexperimentswhicharerightfortheirage.Theotherthingisthatyouneedtochoose47．experimentswhicharenotpoisonousandwitheasy48．(equip)andthatcanbehandled49．(easy)byyourkids.Child'ssafetyshouldbeyourpriority(優(yōu)先考慮的事情).Iamgoingtogiveyousomescienceexperiments50．willhelpyoutomakethesesmallkidsunderstandsimplefactswithcompletesafetyinmynextarticle.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下短文。短文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在此符號下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。留意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。Lastweek,Iwenttoapaintingexhibition.Uponenterthegallery,Iputontheearphoneswhichwouldgivemeinformationsofallthepaintings.Suddenly,Inoticedthattheelderlywomanwhodidn’tknowhowtousetheearphonesstoodanxiouslyinfrontofapainting.Irushedtoherwithhesitationbuthelpedherputontheearphones.Thewomanthanksmeformykindness.Irealizedthatwasreachingouttoothersthatcouldreallybringagreatmomentofhappiness,whichwasbenefittomesomuch.ThatdaywhenIappreciatedlotsofbreathtakingpaintings.What’smore,Ilearnedavaluablelessonfromthegratefulsmilegivingbytheelderlywoman.其次節(jié)書面表達(滿分25分)冬季是傳染病高發(fā)季節(jié)，假如你是學生會主席，請以“保持健康，遠離病毒”為主題，向全校同學寫一封倡議書，內(nèi)容包括：1.簡述倡議的目的；2.提出防范的措施（留意個人防護，均衡飲食，適當熬煉等）；3.倡議共同行動；留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié),以使行文連貫.相關(guān)詞匯：傳染病:infectiousdisease口罩:mask;病毒：virusDearStudents,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheStudentUnion本卷由系統(tǒng)自動生成，請細致校對后運用，答案僅供參考。答案第答案第=page1010頁，總=sectionpages1010頁2024-2025學年度四所聯(lián)盟校上學期期末考試高二年段英語學科試卷參考答案1．D2．B3．A【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個活動的狀況，介紹了包括活動特色以剛好間等信息。1．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Afireworksshowmarkstheendoftheevent.(煙花表演標記著活動的結(jié)束)”可知，EastbourneInternationalAirshow活動以煙火表演結(jié)束。故選D。2．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“ACelebrationofLandandSeastartson23rdAugustandrunsuntilMonday26thAugust.(ACelebrationofLandandSea從8月23日起先，始終持續(xù)到8月26日，星期一)”可知，8月26日是周一，那么8月23日是周五，即ACelebrationofLandandSea活動在周五起先。故選B。3．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)EastbourneFestival部分中“Thisfreefamilyweekendevent(這個免費的家庭周末活動)”；EastbourneInternationalAirshow部分中“Theworld'sbiggestfreeseafrontairshowreturnsinAugustwith4daysofperfectflying.(世界上最大的免費海濱航空展將于8月回來，為期4天的完備飛行)”；ACelebrationofLandandSea部分中“Theeventisfreeforallvisitors(該活動對全部參觀者免費開放)”；PunchandJudy部分中“RaySparkswillbeprovidinghisfreePunchandJudyshowsontheWishTowerSlopeseveryTuesdayandThursday(RaySparks每周二和周四將在WishTowerSlopes上供應(yīng)他的免費PunchandJudy表演)”可知，這四個活動共同點是它們免費向公眾開放。故選A。4．C5．D6．D7．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章對如何在假期限制體重提出了建議。【詳解】1.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Manypeople,however,areworriedabouttheweightthatcomesalongwiththesedeliciousfoods.”可知，然而，許多人都擔憂假期期間吃了太多美味的食物帶來的體重問題，假期是歡樂的日子但是它們會給人們帶來體重問題。故選C。2.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Betternothavehigh-fatfoods.”可知，最好不吃高脂肪食物。為了不增重，最好不要吃高脂肪食物，故選D。3.細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Don’tletexercisetakeabreakduringtheholidays.”可知，不要讓熬煉在度假期間停止，假期中肯定要熬煉身體，故選D。4.推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Withproperplanning,though,itispossibletocontrolyourweight.”可知，然而，遵循恰當?shù)闹淇梢韵拗企w重，所以要限制體重就要限制自己，故選A。8．A9．A10．C11．A【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學家的一項探討表明，錯誤能夠使人學習得更快，文章還介紹了這項探討開展的過程，以及科學家發(fā)覺犯錯可以幫助大腦從錯誤中更快地學習，也就是說犯錯誤其實是一件好事。8．主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段內(nèi)容“ThestudyledbyRezaShadmehrincludedaskingvolunteerstoplayasimplevideogame:hittingaredtargetdotwithaslightlysmallerbluedot,similartoplayingvirtualdarts.Whatthegamersdidnotknowwasthatassoonastheymasteredthegame,theresearchersmovedthebluedotslightlyoff-course,soforcingthemtorestartthelearningprocess.Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(RezaShadmehr領(lǐng)導的探討包括讓志愿者玩一個簡潔的電子嬉戲：用一個略微小一點的藍點擊打一個紅色目標點，類似于玩虛擬飛鏢。玩家們不知道的是，一旦他們駕馭了嬉戲，探討人員就會將藍點稍稍偏離軌道，從而迫使他們重新起先學習過程。盡管志愿者們在每次變更嬉戲時都會犯錯誤，但他們駕馭嬉戲的速度更快了)”可知，其次段主要是關(guān)于Reza是如何進行試驗的。故選A。9．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Thoughthevolunteersdidmakemistakeseverytimethegamewaschanged,theygotfasteratmasteringit.(盡管志愿者們在每次變更嬉戲時都會犯錯誤，但他們駕馭嬉戲的速度更快了)”以及倒數(shù)其次段中“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.(讓科學家驚異的是，犯錯不僅能訓練大腦在某項任務(wù)上做得更好，還能幫助大腦從錯誤中更快地學習，即使是在學習一個完全不同的任務(wù)時犯的錯誤)”可知，結(jié)果中最讓Reza驚異的是錯誤使人們學習得更快。故選A。10．細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Whatsurprisedthescientistsisthatmakingmistakesnotonlytrainsthebraintodobetteratacertaintask,butalsohelpsitlearnfasterfrommistakes,evenwhenthemistakesaremadewhilelearninganentirelydifferenttask.Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(讓科學家驚異的是，犯錯不僅能訓練大腦在某項任務(wù)上做得更好，還能幫助大腦從錯誤中更快地學習，即使是在學習一個完全不同的任務(wù)時犯的錯誤。大腦保存錯誤的一般記錄，每當學習一項新的運動技能時，大腦就會利用這些錯誤，以確保不再犯錯誤。這有助于更快地學習，也可能說明白為什么精通一項運動或樂器的人能夠更簡潔地學會其他運動或樂器)”故從探討中我們知道，錯誤能訓練大腦更好地完成任務(wù)。故選C。11．主旨大意題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“Thebrainkeepsageneralrecordofmistakesanddrawsonthemwheneveranewsportskillisbeinglearned,tomakesurethatmistakesarenotmadeagain.Thishelpsmakeleaningmuchfasterandprobablyexplainswhypeople,whomasteronesportormusicalinstrument,areabletopickupothersmoreeasily.(大腦保存錯誤的一般記錄，每當學習一項新的運動技能時，大腦就會利用這些錯誤，以確保不再犯錯誤。這有助于更快地學習，也可能說明白為什么精通一項運動或樂器的人能夠更簡潔地學會其他運動或樂器)”結(jié)合文章介紹了科學家的一項探討表明，錯誤能夠使人學習得更快，文章還介紹了這項探討開展的過程，以及科學家發(fā)覺犯錯可以幫助大腦從錯誤中更快地學習，也就是說犯錯誤其實是一件好事?？芍?，這篇文章的中心思想是錯誤使人們能學得更快，有助于取得勝利。故選A。12．D13．C14．B15．B【分析】這是一篇及夾敘夾議文章。文章以ZengJiapeng在手機應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬多元，要靠父母幫他還債為例，引出了當今年輕人沉迷于信貸的現(xiàn)象，并分析了其緣由和嚴峻性。12．推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Hetriedtorepaythedebtininstallments(分期),evenborrowingfromJiebei,anotherAlibaba-ownedcreditservice,buteventuallyhismotherandfatherhadtohelphimout.”(他試圖用分期付款的方式償還債務(wù)，甚至從阿里巴巴旗下的另一家信用服務(wù)公司借唄借款，但最終他的父母不得不幫助他)可推知ZengJiapeng要依靠他父母來資助他還債。故選D項13．詞句揣測題。依據(jù)第一段可知，ZengJiapeng在手機應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬多元,最終還要靠父母幫他還債。再依據(jù)第三段“AsforZeng,he’stryingtobealittlemorefrugal,eventhoughheisnowtryingtoearnalittlebyhimself.“Ideliberatelysetthecreditlimitatalowerlevel,”hesays,“sothathopefullyIcanbettermatchmyincomewithspending.””（至于Zeng，他正在努力變得更加frugal一些，盡管他現(xiàn)在正試圖靠自己掙一點錢?！拔矣幸鈱⑿庞妙~度設(shè)置在較低的水平，”他表示，“這樣希望我能更好地將收入與支出相匹配。”）可知，他目前因為有欠款，盡管他現(xiàn)在正努力自己掙點錢，他還還正努力少花錢。frugal應(yīng)當是“花錢少的，節(jié)儉的”，與Avoidingwaste同義。故選C項。14．推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中“Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.Insomecasestheyoungergenerationisbeingtemptedtooverconsumeviacreditsecuredthroughtechnology.”（這些誕生于上世紀90年頭中期至本世紀初的年輕消費者收入很少，因此事實上沒有信用記錄。然而，它們很簡潔從各種銀行、金融技術(shù)公司、P2P貸款機構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信貸。年輕人的消費習慣尤其令人擔憂。在某些狀況下，年輕一代正受到通過技術(shù)擔保信貸過度消費的誘惑。）可知，中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)消費金融是不合理的。故選B項。15．主旨大意題。文章開頭列舉了ZengJiapeng在手機應(yīng)用程序上欠債1萬多元,要靠父母幫他還債的例子。其次段“Zeng’sstoryistypicalofmembersofChina’GenerationZ.Theseyoungconsumers,bornfromthemid-1990stotheearly2000s,havelittleincomeandthereforeactuallynocredithistory.Yettheyhaveeasyaccesstocreditfromavarietyofbanks,financial-techcompanies,andpeer-to-peer(P2P)Lenders(網(wǎng)絡(luò)借貸平臺),plusotherchannelsthatareunregulated.”（Zeng的故事是中國Z這一代的典型代表。這些誕生于上世紀90年頭中期至本世紀初的年輕消費者收入很少，因此事實上沒有信用記錄。然而，它們很簡潔從各種銀行、金融技術(shù)公司、P2P貸款機構(gòu)以及其他不受監(jiān)管的渠道獲得信貸。）引出了當今年輕人沉迷于信的現(xiàn)象。同時指出“Thespendinghabitsoftheyounginparticulararecausingconcern.”（年輕人的消費習慣尤其令人擔憂。），并用數(shù)字說明白其嚴峻性。最終兩段說明白ZengJiapeng的變更和應(yīng)對此現(xiàn)象的措施。B項“中國的Z一代沉迷于信貸”概括了本文內(nèi)容，適合作為文章標題。故選B項。16．E17．A18．G19．F20．B【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要就深夜吃東西會不會發(fā)胖進行探究。最終結(jié)果表明，假如你攝入的卡路里比你燃燒的多，你就會發(fā)胖。這和你吃飯的時間沒有多大關(guān)系。16．依據(jù)上文Haveyoueverhadsomeonetellyou,“Ifyoueatbeforebed,you'regoingtogetfat”（你有沒有聽過別人告知你，“假如你睡前吃東西，你會發(fā)胖”）以及下文中Butiseatinglateatnight,specificallyafter8p.m.,reallygoingtomakeyougainweight?（但是深夜進食，特殊是晚上8點以后，真的會讓你發(fā)胖嗎？）故E項（Withouteverquestioningit,peoplequicklyassumethistobetrue）沒有人質(zhì)疑過，人們很快就會認為這是真的。E項中的it指代上文的睡前吃會發(fā)胖。故E項承上啟下，符合題意。故選E。17．依據(jù)上文Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive.（心臟還在跳動，肺還在工作，大腦還很活躍）以及下文Sowhileweareasleep,wearestillburningcalories.（所以當我們睡著的時候，我們?nèi)耘f在燃燒卡路里。）故A項（Alloftheseactionstakeenergy.）全部這些行動都須要能量。A項中的these指代上文中的“Theheartisstillbeating,lungsarestillworking,andthebrainisstillveryactive”，故A項承上啟下，符合題意。故選A。18．依據(jù)其次段中第一種理論是Onetheoryisthatyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)slowsdownwhenyou'reasleep.當你睡著的時候，你的新陳代謝會減慢。此處講的是其次種理論，即Carbohydrates(碳水化合物)areoneofyourbody'smainsourcesofenergy.Whentheygounused,theyarestoredprimarilyasfat.However,thetimeofdaythatcarbohydratesareconsumeddoesnotplayaroleastohowmuchofitisstoredasfat.碳水化合物是你身體的主要能量來源之一。當它們閑置時，它們主要以脂肪的形式儲存。然而，一天中碳水化合物被消耗的時間并不能確定有多少碳水化合物被儲存為脂肪。故G項（There'sanothertheoryabouteatingspecificallycarbohydratesbeforebed）關(guān)于睡前吃碳水化合物還有另一種理論。符合題意。故選G。19．依據(jù)上文中Actually,weightgainisbasedontheamountofcaloriesbeingconsumedoverallandtheamountofcaloriesusedoverall.事實上，體重增加是基于攝入的卡路里總量和的卡路里總量。故F項（Simplyspeaking,ifyoueatmorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillgainweight）簡潔地說，假如你攝入的卡路里比你燃燒的多，你就會發(fā)胖。是對上文的簡潔說明。故F項符合題意。故選F。20．依據(jù)上文中Snacksthatindividualstendtoeatduringthenightareusuallyhighinsugarandcalories,suchasicecream,candy,potatochips,andsoftdrinks.Thetimethesesnacksareconsumeddoesnotmatter.人們在夜間吃的零食通常含糖量和卡路里都很高，比如冰淇淋、糖果、薯片和軟飲料。這些零食的消費時間并不重要。故B項（Thatistosay,youwillnotgetfatifyoueatbeforebed.）也就是說，假如你睡前吃東西，你不會發(fā)胖。B項是對上文的總結(jié)，符合題意。故選B。21．C22．A23．A24．D25．B26．D27．A28．B29．D30．C31．A32．B33．B34．C35．A36．D37．B38．C39．D40．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了兩姐妹在很難找到方法去參與她們的姑姑的100歲生日聚會時，她們很幸運地得到了一個優(yōu)步的生疏人司機的幫助，剛好出席了生日聚會。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當兩個姐妹發(fā)覺自己很難找到方法去參與她們的姑姑的100歲生日聚會時，幸運的是，她們得到了一個生疏人以一種特別意想不到的方式的幫助。A.affected影響；B.interviewed面試，采訪；C.helped幫助；D.followed跟隨。依據(jù)byastrangerinaveryunexpectedway.可知她們得到了一個生疏人以一種特別意想不到的方式的幫助。故選C。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers兩姐妹支配從明尼阿波利斯飛往蘇福爾斯參與派對，但由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。A.planned支配；B.continued接著；C.happened發(fā)生；D.refused拒絕。依據(jù)flyfromMinneapolistoSiouxFallstogototheparty可知此處表示原支配。故選A。23．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：上周末，KerryMaggard和DebEggers兩姐妹支配從明尼阿波利斯飛往蘇福爾斯參與派對，但由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。A.dueto由于；B.asfor關(guān)于，至于；C.accordingto依據(jù)，取決于；D.apartfrom除…之外。依據(jù)badweather可知此處表示由于天氣惡劣，航班取消了。故選A。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她們很快發(fā)覺，全部飛往南達科他州的其他航班都已被預(yù)訂，而且沒有出租車可用，這意味著她們無法自己完成200英里的行程。A.recorded記錄；B.offered供應(yīng)；C.organized組織；D.booked預(yù)訂。依據(jù)下文theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves可知此處表示其他航班已被預(yù)訂。故選D。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她們很快發(fā)覺，全部飛往南達科他州的其他航班都已被預(yù)訂，而且沒有出租車可用，這意味著她們無法自己完成200英里的行程。A.showing展示；B.meaning意味；C.predicting預(yù)料；D.reporting報告。依據(jù)theyhadnowaytomakethe200-milejourneythemselves.可知表示意味著她們無法自己完成200英里的行程。故選B。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Kerry覺得她們沒有其他選擇，于是打了優(yōu)步(Uber)，做了最終的努力去參與聚會，一個名叫JesusFlorentino的人接了她們的車。A.information信息；B.