高二下學(xué)期第3周英語周考試題

英語周練3閱讀理解AEnjoyingthebeautyoftheskyatnightisararethingforpeopleincitiessincelightpollutionruinseverything.However,photostakenbyastrophotographers(天文攝影師)givepeopleopportunitiestostilladmirethestars.Beingafull-timeastrophotographer,ZhangJingyi,27,grewupbeinganastronomyenthusiast.Whenaskedwhyshechosethiscareer,Zhangsaid,“Wealldreamofwhatitisliketoliveonplanetssofarfromus.Isn’titcool?”DuetothefastdevelopmentofChina’sspaceindustry,Zhangrecentlystartedtoshootrocketlaunches.“IbasicallyfollowedtheconstructionoftheTiangongspacestationwithmycamera,”shesaid,addingthateverylaunchhasgivenherastrongsenseofachievement.Zhangbelievesthatherphotosareartworksthatmoneycannotbuy.“Somephotographersmayselltheirworks?somephotosevenreachsixdigits(六位數(shù)),”Zhangsaid.“Forme,Iwouldbesatisfiedifpeoplelikedmywork.”AsaninfluenceronSinaWeibowithmorethan2.5millionfollowers,Zhangalsosharesvideosthatshe’sfilmed,givingheraudienceamoreauthenticimpressionofherwork.Zhangsaidthatanastrophotographerneedstobedevotedtotheircareer.Forexample,whentakingphotosofthestars,theyhavetofilmthemonplateauswhicharefreezingatnight.Whenshootingrockets,theymaygetsunburnedworkingunderthescorching(灼熱的)sun.“Thesehardshipsarenothingifyoutrulylovewhatyoudo,”Zhangsaid.Gainingexperienceisalsoimportant.“Thereisn’tadetailedguidebookforcreatingart,”Zhangsaid.“Youhavetolearnfromyourownwork.Gradually,youcanaddpersonalthoughtsintothefilmingprocessandwitnessyourworkimproving.”1.WhatinspiredZhangtobecomeanastrophotographer?A.Hercuriosityaboutspace.B.AbeautifulphotoshesawonWeibo.C.Fewerchancesforcitizenstoadmirethestars.D.ThedevelopmentofChina’sspaceindustry.2.WhatdoesZhangvalueaboutherphotos?A.Howmuchtheycansellfor.B.Themedia’scommentsonthem.C.Thepublic’srecognitionofthem.D.Thesocialimpacttheyhave.3.WhatdoesZhangthinkisnecessaryforasuccessfulastrophotographer?A.Expensiveequipment.B.Adetailedguidebook.C.Devotionandlearningability.D.Aformaleducationinphotography.BKenzaburoOe,acelebratedJapaneseauthor,passedawayonMarch3at88.Heleftanunforgettablemarkontheworldofliterature.Bornin1935inasmallvillage,Oebeganwritingduringhiscollegeyearsandwentontopublishoneofhisearlystories,TheCatch,in1958,whichwasawardedtheAkutagawaprizefornewwriters,aliteraryawardofgreatprestige(聲譽)inJapan.Afterthat,Oereceivedcriticalacclaim(好評)andaplaceamongthegreatsofJapaneseliterature.Overthecourseofhiscareer,Oewroteover40novels,essays,andshortstories,butheisperhapsbestknownforhissemi-autobiographicalnovel,APersonalMatter,whichtellsthestoryofayoungmanwhomustcometotermswithhisnewbornson’sseverebraindamage.Thenovelexploresthemesofpersonalresponsibilityandthestruggletofindmeaninginlife.Asapeace-loverwhogrewuparoundthetimewhenJapanwasdefeatedinWorldWarII,Oecreatedwritingsheavilyinfluencedbyhischildhoodmemories.Hisworksoftentouchedonsensitivetopicssuchasnuclearwar,disability,andpolitics,andhewasnotafraidtodealwithcontroversialsubjectshead-on.Histhought-provoking(發(fā)人深思的)storieschallengedreaderstothinkdeeplyaboutthehumanconditionandtheproblemsfacingsociety.Throughouthislife,OeremainedpoliticallyactiveandwasacriticofJapanesemilitarism(軍國主義).Heusedhiscareerasanauthortospeakoutagainstnuclearweaponsandpromotepeaceandsocialjustice.“Byexercisingcollectiveself-defence,Japanwilldirectlyparticipateinawar,”O(jiān)etoldpeopleatarally(集會)in2014.“I’mafraidthatJapan’sspiritisapproachingitsmostdangerousstageinthepast100years.”O(jiān)e’sinfluenceextendedbeyondJapanandhisworkshavebeentranslatedintomanydifferentlanguages.Hewonnumerousliteraryawards,includingtheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1994.InthewordsoftheNobelPrizeinLiteratureawardstatement,Oeissomeone“whowithpoeticforcecreatesanimaginedworld,wherelifeandmythcondense(濃縮)toformadisconcerting(令人不安的)pictureofthehumanpredicament(困境)today”.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutKenzaburoOe?A.HewontheAkutagawaprizeinhis20s.B.Heshowedagiftforwritingsincechildhood.C.Hewasbornandraisedinabigcity.D.HeisbestknownforhisnovelTheCatch.5.WhatisacommonfeatureofOe’sworks?A.Theyarebasedonhiscarefreechildhood.B.Theyareinspiringandeasytounderstand.C.Theyfocusonromanceandlovestories.D.Theyexploremanycontroversialtopics.6.WhichofthefollowingdescribesOe’spoliticalviewinlife?A.HesupportedJapanesemilitarism.B.Hepromotedcollectiveself-defence.C.Hetriedtoadvocatesocialjustice.D.HethoughthighlyofJapan’sspirit.7.HowdidtheNobelcommitteedescribeOe’swritingstyle?A.Realisticandserious.B.Poeticandthought-provoking.C.Humorousandpassionate.D.Simpleandabstract.CWhenyouthinkofartrestoration,whatcomestomindisprobablyagroupofspecialistslaboringoverpaintingswithsmallbrushes,makingeffortsinamuseumbasement.Soitmightcomeasasurprisethatonethingmostpeoplethinkshouldbekeptawayfromartiswhatisbringingitbacktolife:bacteria.AccordingtoPopularScience,specializedmicrobes(微生物)havebeensetlooseoneverythingfromcenturies-oldfrescoes(濕壁畫)tooilpaintingstomassivecathedralwalls,allinanefforttocleanandrestoretheoriginalgloryofthesepiecesofculturalheritage.Recently,ateamfromtheItalianNationalAgencyforNewTechnologies,EnergyandSustainableEconomicDevelopment(ENEA)andrestorationcollaboratorsweretaskedwithresolvingtheissueofdecaying(腐朽的)humanremainsthatwerestainingtheMichelangelo-carvedmarble(大理石)intheMediciChapelinFlorence,Italy.SeveralmembersoftheMedicifamilywereburiedthere.AnnaRosaSprocati,abiologistattheENEA,choseeightofthemostpromisingstrainsofbacteriafromacollectionofabout1,000andtestedthemonthemarble.Thebacteriasuccessfullyremovedthecontaminants（污染物）whileleavingthemarbleunharmed.“Biocleaning”–usingmicroorganismstocleandebris(殘骸)fromstoneworkandartwork–wasfirstusedinthe1990sbyItalianmicrobiologistGiancarloRanalli.AteamwasattemptingtorestorefrescoesattheCamposantoMonumentaleinPisa,Italy.WhenthecemeterywasbombedinWorldWarII,theremainsoftheartworkwereremovedusinganimalgluetokeepthepiecestogether.AccordingtoPopularScience,aftertraditionalmethodsofrestorationfailed,Ranallisaidthattheprojectleaderturnedtohimandasked:“Butyou,DrRanalli,can’tyoudoanythingwithyourbugs?”Itturnsoutbacteriaareperfectforthissortoftask–butit’simportanttoselecttherightone.ForRanalli,itwasPseudomonasstutzeri,strainA29.Itatethroughtheanimalgluewhileleavingtheoriginalpigments(顏料).Infact,Pseudomonasstutzeriisusedformorethanjustcleaningupartworks.Theirfavoritefoodsourceshappentobethesamekindofmaterialsthatareoftenfoundaspollutants,andscientistshavegrowndifferentstrainsofthebacteriatoconsumespecifictypesofcontaminations,Forbesreported.Itisindeedthefamousartistswhocreatemasterpieces,butit’sthebugsthatkeepthemgoodforfuturegenerationstoappreciate.8.What’stheaimoftheteamfromtheENEA?A.Tospeedupthedecayofhumanremains.B.ToexplorethehistoryoftheMedicifamily.C.TosavetheMichelangelo-carvedmarble.D.Tostudytheeffectsofbacteriaonthehumanbody.9.Howdobacteriacontributetoartrestoration?A.Bymakingcolorsbrighter.B.Bygettingridofpollutants.C.Bykeepingthepiecestogether.D.Byproducingaprotectivematerial.10.Whatareparagraphs5-8mainlyabout?A.Theoriginof“biocleaning”.B.Thebenefitsof“biocleaning”.C.ThefunctionsofPseudomonasstutzeri.D.Thewaythefirstartworkwasrestored.11.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThehistoryofartrestorationB.TheimportanceofmicroorganismsC.DifferentmethodsofartpreservationD.AsurprisingapproachtoartrestorationDDetectingdrugsusedtobeaspecialjobfordogs,butnowadrugdetectionteamiswelcomingsomenewcolleagues–squirrels.SixEurasianredsquirrelsweretrainedandapprovedforworkresponsibilitiesbypoliceinChongqinginFebruary.Squirrelshaveasharpsenseofsmellastheycansmellfoodunderafoot(about30centimeters)ofsnow.Beingsosmallandswift,the“newcomers”areabletosearchfordrugsinplaceswheredogsmaynotbeabletoreach,suchasinnarrowspacesorontopofpackagesstacked(堆)highinwarehouses.Thesquirrelshavebeentrainedtousetheirclawstoscratchatboxesinordertocatchtheirhandlers’attentioniftheydetectdrugs,accordingtolocalChongqingpoliceauthorities.“Ourself-developedtrainingsystemcanbeappliedtothetrainingofvariousanimals,”YinJin,apolicedoghandlerinChongqing,toldGlobalTimes,addingthatthetraininghasreallygoodresultsasthesquirrelscanquicklyidentifydrugs.Althoughthesystemisdesignedfordogs,itcanshowsomeinformationonhowsquirrelsaretrainedaswell.AccordingtoaresearcharticlepublishedinthejournalChinaWorkingDogwhichdetailstheprogram,conditioningtheanimals’reflexes(反射)isthekeyfactor.First,theanimalsarefamiliarizedwiththetarget’ssmellanddospecialgestureswhentheysmelltheirtarget.Forexample,forexplosivedetectiondogs,thehandlersplacepiecesofclothwiththesmelloftheexplosivesnexttothedogs’food.Next,theanimalslearntosearchforthetargetundervariousconditions.Fromalargenumberofluggagebagstopeoplewalkingincrowds,thehandlerscreatedifferentscenarios(情景)totesttheanimals.Iftheanimalssuccessfullyidentifythelocationofthetarget,theanimalsarethenrewardedwithsnacksandothertreats.Theanimalsaresoonabletosearchfortargetsspontaneously(自發(fā)地),showingthattheconditionedreflexhasbeenbuiltinthem.Theirtrainingendswithpracticesessionsinreal-lifescenarios.12.Whatadvantagedosquirrelshaveoverdogsindrugdetection?A.Squirrelsaresmarterandquicker.B.Squirrelshaveasharpersenseofsmell.C.Squirrelsaremucheasiertotrain.D.Squirrelscanbetterfitintosmallspaces.13.Afterfindingdrugs,howdothesquirrelsalerttheirhandlers?A.Byscratchingattheboxeswiththeirclaws.B.Byjumpingupanddownontheboxes.C.Bysittingontheboxesandbarking.D.Byforcefullyshakingtheirtails.14.WhatdoesYinthinkoftheirself-developedtrainingsystem?A.Itisdesignedtotrainallkindsofanimals.B.Itstillneedstobeimproved.C.Itiseffectiveintrainingsquirrels.D.Itwillbeintroducedtoothercountries.15.Whendothehandlersknowthattheanimalshavedevelopedconditionedreflexes?A.Whentheycansmelltheirtargets.B.Whentheycandodifferentgestures.C.Whentheycanlookfortargetsspontaneously.D.Whentheycandetecttheirtargetsindifferentscenarios.第二節(jié)七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyonestruggleswithprocrastination(拖延)nowandthen.Itcanbehardtobeginmajorprojectsortasksthatyoudon’tenjoy.However,therearespecificmethodsthatyoucanusetofightprocrastination.GettingstartedonyourworkForceyourselftobegin.Thismightseemtoosimplistic,butevensittingdowntostartaprojectorbuyingsomethingneededforahomerepair,forexample,canhelpchangeyourmindset.16.__________,especiallywhenitcomestoovercomingprocrastination.Avoidinterruptionsasmuchaspossible.Whenyoufinallysitdowntocompleteatask,itcanbediscouragingtogetinterruptedrepeatedly,whetherit’sanimpoliteroommateoranelectronicdevicelikeyourphone.17.__________.IncreasingyourproductivityBreaktasksdownintomanageablesizes.18.__________.Breakingdownprojectsintosmallergoalscanhelpyoustopprocrastinatingandgetstartedonyourwork.19.__________.Evenifyourprojectissomethingyoudislike,youcanhelpyourselfgetstartedbypromisingyourselfsomethingenjoyableuponitscompletion.Havingsomethingtolookforwardtocanhelpyoufightprocrastination.MaintainingreasonableexpectationsDon’tprocrastinatebecauseofadesireforperfection.Ourobsessionwithperfectioncancauseustoprocrastinateindirectly.20.__________.Acceptthatyouonlyneedtodoyourbestandthenhandinyourwork.Don’tprocrastinatejustbecauseyouthinkitmightnotbeperfect.A.SetspecificgoalsforyourselfB.RewardyourselfforcompletingtasksC.TheoldsayingthatgettingstartedishalfthebattleistrueD.Itcanleadtoworkingendlesslyonaprojectuntilit’spastitsdeadlineE.SometimesashortrestcanhelpyourefocusandavoidprocrastinationF.ThiscancauseabreakandmakeiteasytogobacktoprocrastinationG.Pressurefromworryingabouthugeprojectscancauseyoutoputoffstartingthem第三節(jié)語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnJune22,Maltaprimaryschoolstudentsgotabreakfromtheclassroom21.________(attend)the4theditionoftheChinesekitefestival.Thefestival22.________(organize)toencourageschoolchildrentocelebrateunityanddifferentculturesthroughthebuildingofkites.Theeventisorganized23.________(joint)bytheChinaCulturalCenterinMalta,theMaltaFoundationfortheWellbeingofSociety,theMinistryofEducationandEsplora.Theeventhasbeenattendedbyabout100primarystudentsfromsevenschools.Thecolorfulliondance24.________(perform)isthestudents’favorite,pushingtheeventtoitspeak.Thereisalsoakiteexhibitionthatremainsopen25.________Fridayandkiteflyingoutdoors.Marie-LouiseColeiroPreca