DB43-T 2301-2022山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇技術(shù)規(guī)程

ICS65.020

CCSB61

43

湖南省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

DB43/T2301—2022

山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇技術(shù)規(guī)程

CodeofpracticeforplustreeselectionofCerasusserrulata

2022-03-02發(fā)布2022-05-02實(shí)施

湖南省市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布

DB43/T2301—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

4優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)·········································································································1

5選優(yōu)程序···············································································································2

6繁殖方法···············································································································2

7無性系測(cè)定············································································································2

8技術(shù)檔案···············································································································3

附錄A（規(guī)范性）山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇調(diào)查表·······································································4

附錄B（規(guī)范性）山櫻花花器官性狀綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分表························································5

附錄C（規(guī)范性）山櫻花無性系特性測(cè)定調(diào)查表······························································6

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DB43/T2301—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利，本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由湖南省林業(yè)局提出。

本文件由湖南省林業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)歸口。

本文件起草單位：湖南省植物園、郴州市林業(yè)科學(xué)研究所、桂陽金森林苗木有限公司、龍山縣林學(xué)

會(huì)、中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)。

本文件主要起草人：柏文富、禹霖、李建揮、吳思政、聶東伶、嚴(yán)佳文、熊穎、李柏海、何才生、

潘奕成、向祖恒、梁文斌。

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DB43/T2301—2022

山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇技術(shù)規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了山櫻花優(yōu)樹的選擇指標(biāo)、選優(yōu)程序、繁殖方法、無性系測(cè)定等技術(shù)要求與技術(shù)檔案要

求。

本文件適用于山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本

文件。

GB6000主要造林樹種苗木質(zhì)量分級(jí)

GB/T6001育苗技術(shù)規(guī)程

GB/T14073主要造林闊葉樹良種選育程序與要求

GB/T15776造林技術(shù)規(guī)程

LY/T2289林木種苗生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)檔案

LY/T2290林木種苗標(biāo)簽

3術(shù)語和定義

下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

山櫻花Cerasusserrulata

薔薇科（Rosaceae）櫻屬（Cerasus）植物，落葉小喬木，花瓣白色至粉紅色，花葉同放。核果球

形，成熟時(shí)黑色，具有較高觀賞價(jià)值的植物。

3.2

花?？傞L(zhǎng)Pedunclelength

山櫻花盛開時(shí)，花柄長(zhǎng)度與總梗長(zhǎng)度之和。

4優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)

4.1植株生長(zhǎng)情況

選擇胸徑8cm以上，樹高4m以上，樹形半開張，生長(zhǎng)良好。

4.2花的質(zhì)量

盛花期花色艷麗、花?？傞L(zhǎng)≥2.8cm、花徑≥2.7cm、花瓣長(zhǎng)寬比≤1.5、嫩葉展葉速度慢。

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DB43/T2301—2022

4.3花量

花量≥200朵/50cm長(zhǎng)度花枝。

4.4抗逆性

蚧殼蟲、尺蠖、刺蛾類等有害生物危害，葉片受害率少于20％，無流膠病、根癌病、根頸腐爛病

發(fā)生。

5選優(yōu)程序

5.1初選

按照GB/T14073的規(guī)定在山櫻花分布較集中的區(qū)域，按照附錄A對(duì)候選優(yōu)樹單株進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查，按照

4優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)確定初選優(yōu)樹，初選優(yōu)樹入選率不超過種群數(shù)量的20％，若出現(xiàn)優(yōu)樹群，可放寬到30％。

5.2復(fù)選

在初選優(yōu)樹的基礎(chǔ)上，按照4優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)，連續(xù)測(cè)定3年花量、花徑、花梗總長(zhǎng)、花瓣長(zhǎng)、花瓣

寬，每個(gè)指標(biāo)測(cè)定30個(gè)，各指標(biāo)達(dá)到或超過平均值的要求。

5.3決選

對(duì)復(fù)選優(yōu)樹的花器官進(jìn)行測(cè)定，按照附錄B山櫻花優(yōu)樹花器官性狀綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分表，采用綜合評(píng)價(jià)

法進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，得分70分以上的確定為決選優(yōu)樹。

6繁殖方法

6.1嫁接繁殖

在9月中下旬～10月下旬，采集決選優(yōu)樹上的穗條，用野生櫻桃實(shí)生苗作砧木，采用腹接法進(jìn)行

嫁接，苗木繁殖按照GB/T6001的規(guī)定執(zhí)行，苗木質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合GB6000的規(guī)定。

6.2扦插繁殖

在5月中下旬采集決選優(yōu)樹上的半木質(zhì)化枝條，以黃心土作基質(zhì)，用1000mg/L的IBA處理15s,

涼干后進(jìn)行扦插，扦插密度100個(gè)插條/1m2，苗木質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合GB6000的規(guī)定。

7無性系測(cè)定

7.1試驗(yàn)林測(cè)定

采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，用2年生苗，按300cm×300cm的株行距營(yíng)造林，四周設(shè)立2行保護(hù)行，

造林技術(shù)按造林技術(shù)規(guī)程GB/T15776的規(guī)定執(zhí)行。后代特異性特征與母本表現(xiàn)一致、特征穩(wěn)定不變,

進(jìn)入盛花期后，按照附錄C進(jìn)行無性系特性測(cè)定，連續(xù)測(cè)定3年。

7.2優(yōu)樹評(píng)價(jià)

對(duì)試驗(yàn)林參試優(yōu)樹符合三性，觀賞性性狀達(dá)到優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)，采用綜合評(píng)價(jià)法進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，分值最高

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DB43/T2301—2022

的優(yōu)樹確定為優(yōu)良無性系。

8技術(shù)檔案

建立優(yōu)樹和測(cè)定林檔案，按照優(yōu)樹編號(hào)進(jìn)行定位，保存優(yōu)樹登記表、調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和拍攝的優(yōu)樹照片等

調(diào)查資料。檔案管理實(shí)行專人負(fù)責(zé)，做到準(zhǔn)確及時(shí)填寫歸檔，長(zhǎng)期保存。執(zhí)行LY/T2289、LY/T2290

要求，建立檔案。

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DB43/T2301—2022

附錄A

（規(guī)范性）

山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇調(diào)查表

基本信息

種質(zhì)名稱（地名+種名）：編號(hào)：

所在地點(diǎn)：海拔：

經(jīng)度：緯度：

土壤類型：土壤質(zhì)地：土壤顏色：土層厚度：

地形：坡向：坡度：坡位：

人為干擾情況：伴生種：

樹體信息

照片拍攝：1群落外貌2生境3全株4樹干5分枝6枝葉7葉上面8葉下面9花序10花冠11花朵背面

樹齡（年）：胸徑（cm）：花量（朵）：

樹高（cm）冠幅（cm）

樹姿[]1：直立2：半開張3：開張

樹冠形狀[]1：圓球形2：半球形3：圓錐形

樹勢(shì)（cm）[]1：弱（＜20）2：中（20~60）3：強(qiáng)（＞60）

花器官性狀

花柄長(zhǎng)度（cm）：

總梗長(zhǎng)度（cm）：

花徑（cm）：

花瓣寬（cm）：

花瓣長(zhǎng)（cm）：

有害生物危害情況[]1：無2：輕3：較輕4：重

備注

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DB43/T2301—2022

附錄B

（規(guī)范性）

山櫻花花器官性狀綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分表

序號(hào)花量分值花冠徑分值花梗長(zhǎng)分值花瓣長(zhǎng)寬比分值綜合得分

注：若某一指標(biāo)與山櫻花觀賞性之間呈正相關(guān)，隸屬函數(shù)值的計(jì)算公式為：U(Xi）＝(Xi-Xmin)/(Xmax

－Xmin)；若某一指標(biāo)與山櫻花的觀賞性之間呈負(fù)相關(guān)，其計(jì)算公式為：U(Xi）＝1-(Xi-Xmin)/(Xmax

－Xmin)。其中U(Xi）代表指標(biāo)的隸屬函數(shù)值，Xi表示指標(biāo)的測(cè)定值；Xmin表示所該指標(biāo)的

最小值，Xmax表示所該指標(biāo)的最大值。綜合得分=U花量×50％+U花冠徑×35％+U花梗長(zhǎng)×

10％+U花瓣長(zhǎng)寬比×5％

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DB43/T2301—2022

附錄C

（規(guī)范性）

山櫻花無性系特性測(cè)定調(diào)查表

無性系編號(hào)：

序號(hào)樹高/cm胸徑/cm冠幅/cm總梗長(zhǎng)/cm花柄長(zhǎng)/cm花徑/cm花量/朵備注

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DB43/T2301—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

4優(yōu)樹選擇指標(biāo)·········································································································1

5選優(yōu)程序···············································································································2

6繁殖方法···············································································································2

7無性系測(cè)定············································································································2

8技術(shù)檔案···············································································································3

附錄A（規(guī)范性）山櫻花優(yōu)樹選擇調(diào)查表·······································································4

附錄B（規(guī)范性）山櫻花花器官性狀綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分表························································5

附錄C（規(guī)范性）山櫻花無性系特性測(cè)定調(diào)查表······························································6

I

DB43/T2301—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利，本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專