高中英語(yǔ)課件UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURESSection B　Reading and Thinking

SectionBReadingandThinking必備知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單句填空1.Whatyouwearshouldbestylishandclean,andmust(definite)fitwell.

答案definitely2.(fortunate),peoplearebeginningtorealizehowseriousthissituationis.

答案Fortunately3.Iwasmorethangladto(admit)intothekeyuniversityafteryearsofhardwork.

答案beadmitted4.ItoccurredmetogotoattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.

答案to5.Employersusuallydecidewithinfiveminuteswhethersomeoneis(suit)forthejob.

答案suitable6.Thedrivernarrowlyescaped(kill)inthetrafficaccident.

答案beingkilled7.Hemakeslivingbydoingbusinessaloneandsupportsalargefamily.

答案a8.Somepeoplefearthatairpollutionmaybringchangesintheweatheraroundtheworld.

答案about9.The(select)ofTVprogrammes,especiallyattheweekend,leavesalottobedesired.

答案selection10.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-4(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

答案tofindⅡ.短語(yǔ)填空(注意動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式)bringabout,earnaliving,openup,headto,jointo,seekone’sfortune,aseriesof,apartfrom1.Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingputforwardquestionslastnight.

答案aseriesof2.afewspellingmistakes,thiscompositionofyoursiswellwritten.

答案Apartfrom3.Inordertosupportthefamily,MrBrownarestaurantinthecity.

答案openedup4.IGuangzhourecentlytohelplaunchournewcompany.

答案headedto5.ItisknowntoallthatSouthAmericaisNorthAmericabyacanal.

答案joinedto6.Itwasnotlongbeforetheylefttheirvillagetoinbigcities.

答案seektheirfortune7.Itisscienceandtechnologythathasgreatchangesinourlives.

答案broughtabout8.Whatdidyoudotowhenyouwerelivingabroad?

答案earnalivingⅢ.一句多譯1.畢業(yè)后,簡(jiǎn)在幼兒園任教謀生。Aftergraduation,Janebyteachingchildreninakindergarten.

→Aftergraduation,Janebyteachingchildreninakindergarten.

答案earnedaliving;madealiving2.除了一本字典外,我還買(mǎi)了幾本英文小說(shuō)。adictionary,IalsoboughtseveralEnglishnovels.

→adictionary,IalsoboughtseveralEnglishnovels.

答案Apartfrom;Asidefrom3.我突然想起我離開(kāi)教室時(shí)忘了鎖門(mén)。IsuddenlyIdidn’tlocktheclassroombeforeIleft.

→ItsuddenlythatIdidn’tlocktheclassroombeforeIleft.

答案rememberedthat;occurredtome4.因?yàn)樗挥谝蛔笊降捻敳?這個(gè)城市可以讓我們看到大海的美景。Asitonthetopofabighill,thecityoffersagoodviewoftheocean.

→onthetopofabighill,thecityoffersagoodviewoftheocean.

答案islocated;Located/Standing關(guān)鍵能力提升練Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2020·遼寧葫蘆島高一下期末)Americancultureisuniquebecauseitisformedanddevelopedundercertainconditions.Themajorfactorscontributingtothemakingofthisnewnationandtheformingofanewculturearethehardenvironment,ethnicdiversityandpluralreligion,whicharequitedifferentfromothernationsintheworld.Whatismore,theseelementsarestillinfluencingtheAmericanculture.TheearlyimmigrantswhowereEnglishsettledinthenortheastpartofAmericafrom1607to1892.Frontierswerepushedfurtherwest.Thefrontiersmenlookedforalandofrichresourcesandalandofpromise,opportunityandfreedom.Actuallytheylookedforabetterlife.Soindividualism,self-reliance,andequalityofopportunityhaveperhapsbeenthevaluesmostcloselyassociatedwiththefrontierheritageofAmerica.Inhistory,peoplefromdifferentcountriesintheworldrushedtoAmericathreetimes.TheybroughttheirownculturetoAmericaandlateron,differentculturesweremixedtogether.ThustheuniqueAmericanculturewasformed,acommonculturallifewithcommonlysharedvalues.ThefundamentalAmericanbeliefinindividualfreedomandthefightofindividualstopracticetheirownreligionisatthecentreofreligiousexperienceintheUnitedStates.Thegreatdiversityofethnicbackgroundshasproducedreligiouspluralism(多元化);almostallofthereligionsoftheworldarenowpracticedintheUnitedStates.Nowadays,wecanseethecontinualinfluenceofthethreeelementsinthecurrentAmericansociety.Americanfamilyistypicallyparentsandtheirunmarriedchildren.Middle-agedandelderlypeoplegenerallydonotlivewiththeirmarriedchildren.ThepeopleinAmericahaveaverystrongdesiretostartanewlifeinanewplace.Quiteanumberofpeoplechangeresidenceseveryyear.TheaverageAmericanmovesfourteentimesinhislifetime.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要敘述的是美國(guó)文化獨(dú)特的原因,介紹了影響美國(guó)文化的三個(gè)主要因素并分別介紹了這三個(gè)因素影響美國(guó)文化的具體原因。1.Wecanlearnfromthisarticlethat.

A.thepopulationoftheUnitedStatesincludesalargevarietyofethnicgroupsB.theearlyimmigrantsbroughtabouttheuniqueAmericancultureC.peopleintheworldoncerushedtoAmericabecauseofitsuniquecultureD.theAmericanfamilymembersdon’tgetalongwellwitheachother答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Inhistory,peoplefromdifferentcountriesintheworldrushedtoAmericathreetimes.”可知,歷史上來(lái)自不同國(guó)家的人曾三次涌進(jìn)美國(guó),這給美國(guó)的文化帶來(lái)了種族方面的多元化。故A項(xiàng)正確。2.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAmericanculture?A.Heiscriticalofit.B.Headmiresitverymuch.C.Hejuststatesthefacts.D.Helooksdownuponit.答案C解析推理判斷題。作者在文章中客觀敘述了影響美國(guó)文化的三個(gè)主要因素:thehardenvironment,ethnicdiversity和pluralreligion。并沒(méi)有發(fā)表個(gè)人觀點(diǎn),所以C項(xiàng)敘述正確。3.Thelastparagraphisabout.

A.thefamilystructureinAmericansocietyB.theinfluenceofthethreeelementsinthecurrentAmericansocietyC.thenewlifestyleofAmericanfamilyD.thereasonwhyAmericanpeopleliketochangeresidences答案B解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)本段中心句即第一句“Nowadays,wecanseethecontinualinfluenceofthethreeelementsinthecurrentAmericansociety.”可知,本段主要敘述的是這三個(gè)因素在當(dāng)今美國(guó)社會(huì)中的影響。故B項(xiàng)正確。4.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleofthisarticle?A.TheImmigrantsinAmericaB.WhyAmericanCultureIsUniqueC.TheInfluenceofAmericanCultureD.PluralReligionandAmericanCulture答案B解析主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章中心句第一句“Americancultureisuniquebecauseitisformedanddevelopedundercertainconditions.”可知,本文主要敘述的是美國(guó)文化獨(dú)特的原因,介紹了影響美國(guó)文化的三個(gè)主要因素并分別介紹了這三個(gè)因素影響美國(guó)文化的具體原因。故B項(xiàng)正確。Ⅴ.七選五(2021·重慶育才中學(xué)高一月考)Whatisculture?Cultureistoocomplextodefineinsimpleterms.1Oneisthatcultureisatotalpatternofbehaviourthatisconsistentinitscomponents.Anotherfundamentalisthatcultureislearnedbehaviour.Thethirdisthatcultureisbehaviourthatissharedbyagroupofpeople.

Tounderstandthecultureofaparticularcountryorregion,onecouldexamineitscomponents,amongwhicharematerialculture,language,andsocialorganisation.Materialcultureincludesthetoolsandsymbolsinasociety,notincludingthosephysicalthingsfoundinnature,unlesstheyhaveundergonesomechangeorhavebeengivenmeaningbypeople.2Thewayweconsumeandwhatweconsumeareheavilyinfluencedbymaterialculture.

3Linkedwithallotheraspectsofculture,itreflectsthenatureandvaluesofthatculture.Industrialisedsocietieshavearichvocabularyforcommercialandindustrialactivities,whilelessindustrialisedsocietiesmayhaverichervocabulariesformattersimportanttotheirsocieties.TheEskimosinAlaskahavemanywordstodescribesnowwhereasEnglishhasonlyonegeneralterm.

Socialorganisationdifferssomewhatfromsocietytosociety.Theprimarykindofcommunityassociationisbasedonbloodties.4.Itprovidesmutualprotection,psychologicalsupport,andakindofeconomicinsuranceorsocialsecurityforitsmembers.Theterm“brothers”inZaireincludesthosewhomwecallcousinsanduncles.

Culturalanalysisservesavarietyofpurposes.Understandingthevariousdimensionsandtheirinter-relatednesshelpspromotecross-culturalawareness.5

A.Somescholarsevensuggestthatitisuselesstotry.B.Languageisthemostobviousdifferencebetweencultures.C.However,therearecertainagreed-onfundamentalsthatcanbeeasilyidentified.D.Thevaluesrepresentedwithinaculturecanalsochangewiththepassingoftime.E.Forexample,amouserunningonastreetisnotpartofaculture,buttheMickeyMouseis.F.Inmanydevelopingcountries,theextendedfamilyfulfillsseveralsocialandeconomicroles.G.Itleadsontothepromotionofgoodwill,socialand