人教版（2019）必修第三冊復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES

UNIT3DIVERSECULTURES基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心2.missionn.傳教（區(qū)）；重要任務(wù)；使命3.districtn.地區(qū)；區(qū)域4.afterwards/afterwardadv.以后；后來5.seekvt.&vi.尋找；尋求；爭??；（向人）請求6.journaln.日志；日記；報紙；刊物7.claimvt.&n.奪取（生命）；宣稱；斷言8.seriesn.一系列；連續(xù)；接連9.escapevi.&vt.逃走；避開n.逃跑；解脫10.superadv.特別；格外adj.頂好的；超級的11.percentagen.百分率；百分比12.climaten.氣候13.mildadj.溫和的；和善的；輕微的14.materialn.材料；布料；素材adj.物質(zhì)的；實際的15.itemn.項目；一件商品（或物品）；一條（新聞）16.neatadj.極好的；整潔的；整齊的Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.diverseadj.不同的；多種多樣的→diversityn.差異（性）；不同（點）；多樣性→diversifyvi.&vt.（使）多樣化2.fortunen.機(jī)會；運(yùn)氣→fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的；吉利的→fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地3.admitvi.&vt.承認(rèn)vt.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入（或加入）→admissionn.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入；入場費；承認(rèn)4.definiteadj.確定的；清楚的→definitelyadv.肯定；確實5.occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)→occurrencen.發(fā)生；發(fā)生的事情6.historyn.歷史→historicaladj.（有關(guān)）歷史的→historicadj.有歷史意義的；歷史上著名（或重要）的7.earnvt.&vi.掙得；賺得；贏得；博得→earningsn.收入；收益8.selectvt.選擇；挑選；選拔→selectionn.選擇→selectiveadj.選擇性的；有選擇的9.minoradj.次要的；較小的→minorityn.少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)派；少數(shù)人10.financen.財政；金融→financialadj.財政的；財務(wù)的；金融的→financiallyadv.金融上；財政上11.poemn.詩→poetryn.詩集；詩歌；詩作→poetn.詩人12.poisonn.毒物；毒藥；毒素vt.毒死；毒害→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的13.foldvt.包；裹；折疊vt.&vi.（可）折?。唬桑┋B平→unfoldvt.&vi.打開；展開14.collectvt.搜集；收藏→collectionn.作品集；收集物；收藏品15.settlevt.&vi.定居；結(jié)束（爭論）；解決（糾紛）→settlementn.解決；定居→settlern.殖民者；移民16.constructvt.建造；修建→constructionn.建筑；建造；建造物；（句子、短語等的）結(jié)構(gòu)17.suitvt.適合；滿足……需要；相配；合身n.西服；套裝→suitableadj.合適的→suitablyadv.合適地→unsuitableadj.不合適的18.containvt.包含；含有；容納→containern.容器Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.chipn.（英）炸土豆條；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片2.cheesen.干酪；奶酪3.spicyadj.加有香料的；辛辣的4.ethnicadj.具有民族特色的；異國風(fēng)味的；民族的；種族的5.comicn.連環(huán)畫雜志；漫畫雜志；喜劇演員adj.滑稽的；使人發(fā)笑的6.immigrantn.（外來）移民；外僑7.chinan.瓷；瓷器8.jazzn.爵士樂9.barn.酒吧；小吃店；小館子10.diagramn.簡圖；圖解；圖表；示意圖11.Atlanticadj.大西洋的12.jeansn.牛仔褲13.bootn.靴子14.mushroomn.蘑菇；蕈15.accessoryn.配飾；附件；配件16.souvenirn.紀(jì)念物；紀(jì)念品17.clothingn.衣服；服裝18.herbaladj.藥草的；香草的Ⅳ.核心短語——明搭配1.headto（朝……）前進(jìn)；（向……）去2.seekone’sfortune尋找成功致富之路；闖世界3.earnaliving謀生4.seriesof一系列或一連串（事件）5.apartfrom/asidefrom除了……外（還）；此外6.bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起7.allyearround一年到頭8.turninto轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?；（使）成?.tonamebutafew僅舉幾例10.（at）firsthand第一手；親自11.belocatedin位于……Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會運(yùn)用1.However，somesurvivedtheseterribletimes，andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericanslivinginCaliforniathaninanyotherstateofAmerica.（therebesb./sth.doingsth.）然而，有些人挺過了這些可怕的時期并活了下來，如今居住在加利福尼亞的美洲土著人比美國其他任何州都多。2.Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.（疑問代詞引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）這是一座多么了不起的城市啊，一座在1906年地震后得以重建的城市。3.Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings—manysittingontopofbighills...（獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）這里有眾多美麗的古建筑——許多坐落于大山之巔……4.WhatstartedasaresidentialareaforChineseimmigrantsthenturnedintoacentreforChineseculture.（what引導(dǎo)的主語從句）這里原本是中國移民的居住地，后來變成了中國文化的中心。5.ThemajorityofresidentsinChinatownarestillethnicChinese，manyofwhomdonotspeakEnglishfluently.（"不定代詞＋of＋關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）唐人街的大多數(shù)居民依舊是華人，他們中很多人英語說得并不流利。語境自測Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Thecompanyclaims（宣稱）inanadvertisementthatitsproductcanmakeyoufeeldelighted.2.Thereisnodoubtthatlearningisalifetimemission（使命）.3.Theysoughtoutashadyspotwheretheycouldsitdownandrest.4.Thechildrenusuallyearntheirallowancebydoinghousework.5.Itwasimpossibleforthiscountrytorecoverinsuchashorttimefromthisfinancialcrisisinwhichalmosteveryindustrywasinfluenced.6.Thelawbreakerswillneverescapethepunishmentofthelaw.7.OurEnglishteacherhandedoutmanyreadingmaterialstokeepusexposedtothelanguage.8.XuXiakemadegreatcontributionstotheancientChinesegeography.HistraveljournalTheTravelDiariesofXuXiakeisofhighscientificandliteraryvalue.9.Tomcameinforacupofteaandhewentoutsoonafterward（s）.10.Therobberyoccurredinbroaddaylight，inacrowdedstreetlastweekend.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Jimwenttothesouthtoseekhisfortune，giventhathewasalwaysfortunate.Unfortunately，heevengotpenniless.（fortune）2.Themanwaswaitinganxiously，keepingfoldingandunfoldingthepaperoverandoveragain.（fold）3.Indailylife，onlyaminorityofpeopleareabletonoticesuchminordetails.（minor）4.Thecontainerappearstobelarge，butitcontainsnothinginside.（contain）5.Withdiversespecieslivinginthisarea，ithasgreatbiologicaldiversity.（diverse）6.YoucanchooseonefromthisselectionofhotelsselectedbyLuke，whoisprettyselectiveabouthotels.（select）7.Ilovereadingsomethingtomykids.Hereisapoembymyfavoritepoet.（poem）8.Yoursweatersuitsyou，butitisunsuitableforsuchaformaloccasion，soyou’dbetterreplaceitwithasuit.（suit）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子bringaboutheadtoearnalivingapartfrom（at）firsthand1.Whenvisitingthecountry，Isaw（at）firsthandtheeffortsbeingmadetobringcommunitiestogether.2.ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthepolicyofreformandopeninguphasbroughtaboutanincreasinglyrichandpowerfulChinatheseyears.3.Theydecidedtoheadtothecoastforabitofrestandrelaxationafterthefinalexam.4.Apartfromloweringticketprices，touristsiteshavealsotakenothermeasurestoattracttourists.5.Whatdidyoudotoearnalivingwhenyouwerelivingabroad？Part-timejobs？Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.只有一塊指示牌在風(fēng)中搖擺。（therebesb./sth.doingsth.）Thereisonlyonesignswinginginthewind.2.我們不僅玩得開心，還有機(jī)會結(jié)交志趣相投的朋友。多么美好的時光啊?。ㄒ蓡柎~引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）Notonlydidweenjoyourselves，butalsowehadachancetomakefriendswithsharedinterests.Whatawonderfultime！3.男孩沖到老人的家，滿臉是汗。（獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)）Theboyrushedtotheoldman’shouse，hisfacecoveredwithsweat.4.我想了解的是這次展覽會的票價以及更詳細(xì)的安排。（what引導(dǎo)的主語從句）WhatIwanttoknowaretheticketpriceandmoredetailedarrangementsofthisexhibition.5.西安及其周邊遍布著各種各樣的古代宮殿、皇家園林、塔樓和寺廟，所有這些都在傳達(dá)著豐富多彩的中國古代文化。（"不定代詞＋of＋關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）InandaroundXi’anarevariousancientpalaces，royalparks，towersandtemples，allofwhichareconveyingcolorfulancientChineseculture.Afteraseriesofactivities，IambackinSanFrancisco.Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackagain.Thecityrebuiltitselfaftertheearthquakeoccurredin1906，whichclaimedover3，000livesanddestroyedmostoftheconstructions.MyhotelisneardowntownintheMissionDistrict，whichusedtobeapoorarea，butnowitisacentreforart，music，anddiversefood.FirstIwalkedalongtheneatstreetsappreciatingthestreetart.Afterwards，Iatesomeethnicdishesandspicysnacks.Intheafternoon，IheadedtoalocalmuseumwhereacollectionofitemsshowedthehistoricalchangesinCaliforniaandboughtsomesouvenirsthere.In1848，goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco，bringingaboutthegoldrush.AlargenumberofimmigrantscametoseektheirfortuneinSanFrancisco.Toearnaliving，someChineseopeneduprestaurantsandbarsinChinatownandsettledinthecity.Intheevening，IselectedaCantoneserestaurantinChinatownfordinner.ThemomentItastedthesupermeal，asighofsatisfactionescapedmylips.Whatgreatfood！1admit（admitted，admitted，admitting）vt.&vi.承認(rèn)vt.準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入（或加入）1.[人教選必③－1]Noonewillbeadmittedinto/totheexhibitionafter4：30p.m.2.Iapplyforadmission（admit）toyoursocietybecauseIamkeenonhistoricalnovelslikeyou. （申請信）society此處意為"社團(tuán)，協(xié)會"，bekeenon＝beveryinterestedin表示"對……很感興趣"。3.Afterafewsecondsofsilence，sheadmittedbeinghurt（hurt）bywhatIhadsaid.4.得知你最終被心儀的大學(xué)錄取，我寫信向你表示熱烈的祝賀。 （祝賀信）Knowingthatyoufinallygotadmitted/admissioninto/toyouridealuniversity，I’mwritingtoexpressmyheartycongratulationstoyou.（分詞短語作狀語）★admit（to）doingsth.承認(rèn)做某事admit（tosb.）（that）（向某人）承認(rèn)……beadmittedto/into被錄??；被接收Itisadmittedthat人們認(rèn)為……★admissionn.加入權(quán)，進(jìn)入權(quán)；入場費；（對過錯等的）供認(rèn)，承認(rèn)2occur（occurred，occurred，occurring）vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)1.[北師選必①－3]Andthefifthevent，whichoccurred（occur）66millionyearsago，causedthedeathofthedinosaurs.2.[外研選必②－3]Iwaswatchingasuperherofilmtheotherdayandathoughtoccurredtome：wheredoesSupermangetchangedthesedays？3.他突然想到那個小男孩可以通過賣爆米花賺錢。Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthatthelittleboycouldearnmoneybysellingpopcorn.表示"某人想起某事"可以用sth.occurstosb.。此處主語較長，用it作形式主語，變換成itoccurstosb.that...句式。"某人想起某事"的其他表達(dá)有：sb.thinksofsth.，sth.comestosb./one’smind，sth.strikes/hitssb.。主語較長時，也可用it作形式主語。★occur沒有被動語態(tài)，不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)；作謂語時，主語不能是人。★sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosb.that.../todosth.某人想起……/做某事?！飋ccurrencen.發(fā)生的事情；發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)3seek（sought，sought）vt.&vi.尋找；尋求；爭??；（向人）請求vi.試圖1.[譯林選必④－2]Seektounderstand（understand）theotherperson’semotions，byputtingyourselfintheirshoesandlookingatthesituationfromtheirperspective.本句為祈使句。beinsb.’sshoes/putyourselfinsb.’sshoes表示"處于某人的境地；設(shè)身處地"。2.[外研選必④－4]Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurialspirit，sheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.句意：盡管她歡迎這種新的創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，但她建議人們要現(xiàn)實一點，在倉促行事之前先尋求專家顧問的指導(dǎo)。seek的常見動賓搭配：seekjobs/employment尋找工作；seekhelp/assistance尋求幫助；seekadvice征求建議；seekfunding籌募資金。3.Inthepumpkinfield，Icompetedwithmybrotherstoseekoutthebiggestpumpkin（挑選出最大的南瓜）. （讀后續(xù)寫之情景描寫）4.[外研選必③－2]However，he（QianXuesen）soughtnofame/didn’tseekfame（不求名望）andshunnedthespotlight，returningtoChinawithgreatresolution.句意：然而，他（錢學(xué)森）不求名望，避開聚光燈，非常堅定地返回中國。shun"避開，回避"。5.Itwasnotlongbeforetheylefttheirvillagetotrytheirluckandseektheirfortune（尋找發(fā)財機(jī)會）inthesouthduringthegoldrush.6.我在英語方面遇到了一些困難，因此我只得尋求你的幫助。 （求助信）ImeetwithsomedifficultieswithmyEnglish，soIhavenochoicebuttoseekyourhelp.★seek（for）sth./sb.尋找某物/某人seektodo試圖做seek...fromsb.向某人尋求……seekone’sfortune尋找發(fā)財機(jī)會；闖世界seekout挑選出，物色；找到4claimvt.奪?。ㄉ?；聲稱；斷言；索要；認(rèn)領(lǐng)；獲得n.斷言；所有權(quán)；索賠，索款1.結(jié)合語境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的詞性及含義①[人教選必①－5]Whenpeoplepresentimportantfacts，theyusuallygivesomeevidencetosupporttheirclaims. n.斷言②Heavysnowfallwithinashortperiodoftimedestroyedbuildingsandforests，andclaimedatleast256lives. v.奪?。ㄉ跾hehasfinallyclaimedaplaceontheteamafteraseriesofpractices. v.獲得④Atthispoint，noonehadcalledtoclaimthedog，soAnndecidedtokeepit. v.認(rèn)領(lǐng)⑤[外研選必①－6]Sittingbackinmyseat，Ican’tquitebelievethatI’mabouttotravelalongtherailwaythatmanyforeignexpertsclaimedwas"impossible". v.聲稱2.由于貨物損壞，我寫信要求退款。 （投訴信）I’mwritingtoclaimmymoneybacksincethegoodsaredamaged.3.幾天后，勞拉聲稱她已從膝蓋受傷中恢復(fù)過來，想要參加比賽。 （讀后續(xù)寫之語言描寫）Afewdayslater，Lauraclaimedtohaverecoveredfromherkneeinjuryandwantedtoparticipateintherace.4.據(jù)說這位老人對鳥類了如指掌。It’sclaimedthattheoldmanknowseverythingaboutbirds.★Itisclaimedthat...據(jù)說……claimtodosth.聲稱做某事claimtohavedonesth.聲稱做過某事claimsth.back要回某物5escapevt.&vi.逃走；擺脫；避開vt.被忽視vi.（氣體、液體等）泄漏n.逃跑；解脫，消遣1.結(jié)合語境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的詞性及含義①[譯林選必②－1]Whensomethingnewsworthycomesabout，itmayescapetheattentionofordinarypeople... vt.被忽視newsworthy"有新聞價值的"，comeabout"出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生"。句意：當(dāng)有新聞價值的事情發(fā)生時，它可能會被普通人忽視……②Weshouldkeepaneyeonpoisonouswasteescapingintothesea. vi.（氣體、液體等）泄漏2.Toescapepunishment/beingpunished（punish）isoneofthemostobviousreasonsbringingaboutlies.3.Itseemedthatnooneknewhowthedogescapedfromthecage.4.Forme，travelisanescape/toescapefromtheboredomofmyeverydaylife（擺脫日常生活的無聊）.5.最后，我們死里逃生，幸運(yùn)地逃過了被那頭饑餓的北極熊傷害。Atlast，wehadanarrowescape，fortunatelyescapingbeinghurtbythehungrypolarbear.（escapen.，escapev.）6.憤怒的男孩逃進(jìn)人群，擠上公交車，不見了。 （讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫）Theangryboyescapedintothecrowds，squeezedontothebus，anddisappeared.★escapefrom...從……中逃離escapedoingsth.避免做某事narrowlyescape...僥幸逃脫……escapedeath/haveanarrowescape死里逃生escapeone’sattention/notice被某人忽視6settlevt.&vi.解決（糾紛）；定居；（使）平靜下來vt.（最終）決定；安放1.[外研必修③－1]AcceptingsadnessaspartoflifehelpsRileydealwiththeemotionalcomplexityofgrowingup，andsettledowninhernewlife.2.Allproblemsweresettled（一切問題都解決了）.Hesettledhimselfcomfortably（舒服地坐下）inhisusualchairafterawholedayofhardwork.3.他們沖下車，搭起帳篷，舒適地坐在草地上，欣賞著周圍令人驚嘆的景象。 （讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫）Theydashedoutofthecar，putupthetentandsettleddownonthegrass，enjoyingthesurroundingbreathtakingsights.★settledown（在某地）定居下來；（使）平靜下來；舒服地坐下（或躺下）settledownto（doing）sth.定下心來做某事settleon選定/決定……settlein/into習(xí)慣于/適應(yīng)……★settlern.殖民者；移民settlementn.（解決紛爭的）協(xié)議；定居點；解決；處理；移民7bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起（cause，leadto，resultin，contributeto）1.Inameetinglastyear，hebroughtupapracticalideathatthecompanyshouldbringinacollectionofthelatestfacilities，whichhasbroughtinalotmoremoney.2.Anewpolicytobringdownthehighpricesbroughtaboutmorepurchasesofdiversegoodsinthatsupermarket.3.Therenowned（著名的）writer’spoetrynewlybroughtoutbringsbackmyhappymemoriesofmychildhood.newlybroughtout為過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾poetry，第一空后的brings為句子的謂語。4.Whetherweshouldwearuniformsonweekdaysbroughtaboutaheateddiscussion（引發(fā)了一場激烈的討論）inourschoollastweek. （正反觀點）5.他全身心地投入，最大限度地激發(fā)學(xué)生的潛能。Heistotallydedicatedandbringsoutthebestinstudents/bringsoutstudents’fullpotential.★bringup撫養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐bringin引進(jìn)；獲利，賺錢bringout出版；使顯現(xiàn)bringdown使倒下；減少，降低bringsth.back使某物恢復(fù)；使回想起某事bringalong把……帶來8獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.Noagreementreached（reach），therepresentativeswantedanotherroundoftalks."n./pron.（主格）＋過去分詞"表示被動意義，此處意為協(xié)議未被達(dá)成。2.Theyweretalkingtothenatives，theguideacting（act）asaninterpreter."n./pron.（主格）＋現(xiàn)在分詞"表示主動意義，此處意為導(dǎo)游充當(dāng)翻譯。3.Theexamtobeheld（hold）tomorrow，Ican’tgotothecinematonight. （告知信）"n./pron.（主格）＋動詞不定式"表示沒有發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生的動作，此處意為考試將要被舉行，要用被動語態(tài)。4.Timepermitting（如果時間允許），aPekingOperaperformancewillbegivenintheend. （活動介紹）5.他專心地聽王老師講話，眼睛盯著她的臉。 （讀后續(xù)寫之神態(tài)描寫）HewaslisteningattentivelytoMissWang，（with）hiseyesfixedonherface.（fix）★結(jié)構(gòu)：n./pron.（主格）＋現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/動詞不定式n./pron.（主格）＋（being）＋adj./adv./n./prep.★功能：在句中作狀語，表示原因、條件、時間、方式、伴隨等，可和with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)互換?！镂恢茫嚎芍糜诰涫谆蚓湮?，常由逗號將其與句子其他成分分開。詞根-gram-/-graph-本單元：dia-（穿過，兩者之間）＋-gram（＝write寫、畫，文字，圖表）→交叉著畫→diagram圖表；示意圖拓展：通過構(gòu)詞法猜測單詞在語境中的詞性及含義。1.[外研必修③－2]Mostbiographiesareorganisedintheorderinwhicheventshappened. n.傳記bio-＝life，表示"生命，生物"，比如biology生物學(xué)；-y是名詞后綴，表示"性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)"。biography→書寫關(guān)于人生的狀態(tài)→傳記。2.Anewtelegraphlinehasbeensetupbetweenthetwocities. n.電報tele-表示"遠(yuǎn)"，比如telescope"望遠(yuǎn)鏡"。telegraph→遠(yuǎn)方來的文字→電報。同理，telegram也表示"電報"。3.Thewholeteamhasautographedafootballatthefansmeeting，whichwillbeusedasaprize.v.（在……上）簽名auto-表示"自己"，如automatic"自動的"。autograph→自己寫的字→簽名。autograph還可作名詞，表示"親筆簽名"。Ⅰ.語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯動詞變形1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Eachchapterconcludeswithacollection（collect）ofpractices，whicharedesignedtohelpyouactonthebigideasofthechapter.collection作"收藏品；作品集；一批（物品或人）"講時為可數(shù)名詞。2.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Seeking（seek）andacceptingconstructivefeedback（反饋）iscrucialtogrowth.3.[2023全國甲]Bytheearly1970s，aftercenturiesofcruelandcontinuoushuntingbysettlers（settle），600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.4.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast，andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancial（finance）supporttorollitoutcountrywide.句意：現(xiàn)在，在東北部的20家養(yǎng)老院里有700名老人在照顧母雞，該慈善機(jī)構(gòu)得到了財政支持，以便在全國范圍內(nèi)推廣。rollsth.out表示"正式推出（新產(chǎn)品）；開展（新的政治運(yùn)動）"。5.[2022新高考Ⅱ]Fortunately（fortunate）forthoseinmidlife，Levineisfindingthatevenifyouhaven’tbeenanenthusiasticexerciser，gettinginshapenowmayhelpimproveyouragingheart.6.[2022新高考Ⅱ]High-intensityexerciseismoresuitable（suit）fortheyoung.7.[2022北京]Thisdoesnotdefinitely（definite）meanthatwearenothealthy.Itmeansthefitnesslevelisnotinaccordancewithourageandtheclimaticconditionswelivein.8.[2022浙江1月]OnedayIgotwordthathewasadmitted（admit）tothehospitalforaseriousdisease.9.[2021新高考Ⅱ]Hewantstohelpthemearnaliving.earna/one’sliving表示"謀生"。10.[江蘇高考]Whyisthisoccurring（occur）？Nobodyisquitesure，butpoordietandabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodowithit.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.n.解脫，消遣B.v.避開，避免（不愉快或危險的事物）C.v.被忽視 D.v.逃跑E.v.（氣體、液體等）泄漏①[2022全國乙]Forthem，there’ssomethinghighlyexcitingaboutescapingsomeoneelse’sglanceandmakingoneselfunabletobeseen. C②[2022浙江1月]Inthisbook，hearguesthatasweseektoescapepainorsorrow，we’reweakeningourselvesandmayloseouradaptabilitytodealwithpaininthefuture. B③[2021新高考Ⅱ]AslongasIgetcloseenough，nocriminalcanescapefromme. D④[全國Ⅱ]Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder. A⑤[江蘇高考]...therecyclingprocessofteniscarriedoutinpoorcountries，inpracticallyuncontrolledwayswhichallowmanypoisonoussubstancestoescapeintotheenvironment. E2.A.定居 B.習(xí)慣于/適應(yīng)C.解決 D.安放①[2023新高考Ⅱ]It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome. A②[2022全國甲]ThedisagreementwassosharpthatneitherhenorIknewhowtosettleit. C③[2021全國甲]Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme. B④[天津3月高考]Anunpleasantsmellfloatedintomynoseasthebowloffriedstinkytofu（臭豆腐）settledontomygrandmother’sdinnertable. D3.A.小巧迷人的 B.極好的 C.整潔的①[2022新高考Ⅱ]Makesureyourhandwritingisneat. C②[全國Ⅰ]Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.A③[浙江高考]"It’sbeautiful，"mymothersaidwhenIpointeditouttoher."Whataneatbasket." B第②題根據(jù)neat后的little"小"可知，此處neat與其含義一致；第③題根據(jù)句中的beautiful可知，此處neat也是褒義詞，表示"好的"。4.[2020江蘇]Inlookingintothestoriesofbiologicaldiscovery，Ialsobegantofindsomethingelse，acollectionofscientists，usuallybrilliant，occasionallyhalf-mad，whomadethediscoveries. n.一批（物品或人）Ⅲ.寫作——基礎(chǔ)寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎(chǔ)寫作——跨國文化節(jié)活動[2022浙江1月]假定你是李華，在"中國—愛爾蘭文化節(jié)"活動中結(jié)識了愛爾蘭朋友Chris，現(xiàn)在他已回國。請你給他寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.回憶活動經(jīng)歷；2.分享個人收獲；3.希望保持聯(lián)系?！?qū)懽饕c1.我突然想到"中國—愛爾蘭文化節(jié)"已經(jīng)過去一個星期了，但我仍然記得我們在節(jié)日期間度過的愉快時光，那使我們從學(xué)校生活中解脫出來。（occur，escape）ItsuddenlyoccurstomethataweekhaspassedsincetheChina-IrelandCulturalFestival，butIcanstillrecalltheenjoyabletimewespenttogetherduringthefestival，whichisanescapefromourschoollife.2.從中國書法到愛爾蘭繪畫，我們目睹了各種各樣具有民族特色的杰作。（diverse，ethnic，atfirsthand）FromChinesecalligraphytoIrishpaintings，wegotaglimpseofdiverseethnicmasterpiecesatfirsthand.3.除了藝術(shù)，文化節(jié)還通過一系列歷史資料展現(xiàn)了兩國深遠(yuǎn)的歷史。（apartfrom，collection，historical）Apartfromtheart，thefestivalalsounfoldedthetwocountries’profoundhistorythroughacollectionofhistoricalmaterials.4.從這次經(jīng)歷中，我真正理解到，地理分隔不一定會帶來文化沖突。（bringabout）Fromthisexperience，Itrulyunderstandthatgeographicalseparationdoesnotnecessarilybringaboutculturalconflicts.5.無論未來我們在哪里定居，我都希望我們的友誼將永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去。（settledown）Ihopeourfriendshipwilllastforeverwhereverwesettledowninthefuture.◎連句成篇請運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點串聯(lián)成一篇語意連貫的短文。DearChris，Howiseverythinggoing？ItsuddenlyoccurstomethataweekhaspassedsincetheChina-IrelandCulturalFestival，butIcanstillrecalltheenjoyabletimewespenttogetherduringthefestival，whichisanescapefromourschoollife.FromChinesecalligraphytoIrishpaintings，wegotaglimpseofdiverseethnicmasterpiecesatfirsthand.Apartfromtheart，thefestivalalsounfoldedthetwocountries’profoundhistorythroughacollectionofhistoricalmaterials.Fromthisexperience，Itrulyunderstandthatgeographicalseparationdoesnotnecessarilybringaboutculturalconflicts.Atlast，Ihopeourfriendshipwilllastforeverwhereverwesettledowninthefuture.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——情感描寫之感動與感激積累背誦仿寫運(yùn)用單詞move，touch，appreciate；grateful，thankful，moved，touched；appreciation，thanks，gratitude根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.她的演講深深地打動了我，我決心更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)。Deeplymoved/touchedbyherspeech，Iwasdeterminedtostudyharder.（過去分詞作狀語）2.來自陌生人的溫暖融化了他的心，讓他覺得這個世界依然充滿了愛和希望。Thewarmthfromastrangermeltedhisheart，whichmadehimfeeltheworldwasstillfilledwithloveandhope.3.得知她的孩子已經(jīng)獲救，她流下了喜悅和感激的淚水。Hearingthatherchildhadbeensaved，sheshedtearsofjoyandgratitude.4.我送了一大束花給這位護(hù)士，感謝她在療養(yǎng)院對我爺爺無微不至的照顧。Isentabigbunchofflowerstothenursetoexpressmygratitude/thanksforhertakinggoodcareofmygrandpainthenursinghome.5.得知他為她做了這么多事情，她感動得流下了眼淚。Knowingthathehaddonesomuchforher，shewasmovedtotears.詞組1.bedeeplymoved/touched被深深感動2.touchone’sheart觸動某人的心3.meltone’sheart融化某人的心4.bemovedtotears感動得熱淚盈眶5.shedtearsofgratitude流下感激的淚水6.expressthanks/gratitudetosb.forsth.因為某事感謝某人佳句1.Awarmcurrentwelledupinhisheartthemomentherealizedhowmuchhisfatherhaddevotedtohim.當(dāng)他意識到父親為他付出了多少時，他心中涌起了一股暖流。2.Herpalmssweating，throattighteningandtearsstreamingdownherface，shewastouchedbeyondwords.她手心冒汗，喉嚨發(fā)緊，淚流滿面，感動得說不出話來。3.Sheacceptedtheflowers，withhereyesfilledwithtearsofgratitude.她接過鮮花，眼里噙滿了感激的淚水。一、閱讀理解A[2023山東棗莊一模]Istillremembermyfather’sembarrassmentthedaywhenhewasinvitedtohavedinneratacolleague’shouse.FreshlyarrivinginBrazil，andnotbeingabletolookupontheInternet，heoffendedhishostsbymakingahandgesture—acirclewiththethumbandindexfinger.Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean"OK"，butinBrazil，itmeantsomethingdifferent.Theepisodewasswiftlyforgotten.Myfather’scolleagueunderstoodthatheprobablywasn’tyetawareofthelocalmeaningofthegesture.Hegentlyexplaineditmeantsomethingrude，andthenitwasfiledawayunder"thingsnottobedoneinRio".IwasremindedmyselfinChina.AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant"keepfighting"，anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong."TheChineseversionisabitdifferent，"shesaid，takingoutherphoneandshowingittome."Seethesecharacters？Theymean‘Iwillhityou！’"Lifeisfullofcrossedmeanings.InIndia，yousigntosomeonetocomeoverwithyourpalmdown，notup.AndintheMiddleEast，youneveruseyourlefthandforanythingpublic.Asadults，weunderstandthatevenifithurts，amistakeisonlyaninsult（侮辱）whenitisdeliberate.Yet，manyconflictscomefrommisunderstanding，andhistoryisfulloftheunfortunateoutcomesofcross-culturalcommunication.Myfather’spre-InternetBrazilianmistakewasforgivenbecauseofcontext—hehadjustarrivedandhedidn’tknowitslocalmeaning.Butwhencontextisabsentorsimplydifferentlyunderstood—especiallyinthesocialmedia—perhapsweallshouldthinktwicebeforetypingortalking，especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemoreseverethanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker.本文為說明文，通過一些例子介紹了文化差異。1.Whatisthetopicofthetext？A.Culturaldifference.B.Languageandculture.C.Signlanguage.D.Goodmanners.解析A文章主旨題。由第一段中的"Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean‘OK’，butinBrazil，itmeantsomethingdifferent"和第三段中的"AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant‘keepfighting’，anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong"以及第五段中的"InIndia，yousigntosomeonetocomeoverwithyourpalmdown，notup.AndintheMiddleEast，youneveruseyourlefthandforanythingpublic"可知，文章主要講述文化差異，故選A。2.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellinghisfather’sstory？A.TheOKsignmeansdifferentlyinBrazil.B.Cross-culturalmistakesarecommon.C.TheInternethelpstoavoidmistakes.D.Misunderstandingsleadtobadresults.解析B推理判斷題。由第一段中的"Hehadalwaysunderstoodittomean‘OK’，butinBrazil，itmeantsomethingdifferent"及第二段中的"Myfather’scolleagueunderstoodthatheprobablywasn’tyetawareofthelocalmeaningofthegesture"可推知，作者想通過講述父親的故事來表明跨文化錯誤是常見的，故選B。3.WhatdidtheauthormeantodobyusingtheVanGoghsticker？A.Togreethisfriend.B.Toencouragehisfriend.C.Tothreatenhisfriend.D.Tomakefunofhisfriend.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的"AfterIrepliedtoafriend’sWeChatmessagewithaVanGoghstickerthatIthoughtmeant‘keepfighting’，anotherfriendtoldmeIuseditwrong"可知，作者打算鼓勵他的朋友，故選B。4.Whatmighthappenifthereisnocontext？A.Culturalconflicts.B.Forgiveness.C.Culturalgaps.D.Mutualrespect.解析A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的"Butwhencontextisabsentorsimplydifferentlyunderstood—especiallyinthesocialmedia—perhapsweallshouldthinktwicebeforetypingortalking，especiallywhentheconsequencescanbemoreseverethanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker"可知，本題選A?！疽族e點撥】部分學(xué)生可能會辨別不清culturalconflicts和culturalgaps的區(qū)別而錯選C項。culturalconflicts強(qiáng)調(diào)的是文化沖突，culturalgaps強(qiáng)調(diào)的是文化差異，而文中最后一句中的"theconsequencescanbemoreseverethanthemisuseofaWeChatsticker"表明，不知道事情的背景或來龍去脈，很容易引起文化沖突。B[2023內(nèi)蒙古包頭一模]TheChinesenewyearbeginson22January，2023andlastsuntil9February，2023.WhilemostofAsiacelebratestheyearoftherabbit，Vietnamcelebratestheyearofthecat.IntheChinesezodiac（十二生肖），thereare12animals，andthe4thanimalistherabbit，whileintheVietnamesezodiac，the4thpositionisoccupiedbythecat.HowthecatcoveredfortherabbitinVietnam’szodiacisstillthesubjectofdebate.ItwassaidthattheJadeEmperororganizedaraceacrossariverforalltheanimalsintheworld.Thefirst12toreachtheothersidewouldappearinthezodiac.IntheChineseversionofthestory，thecatandtheratwereridingacrossariveronanoxwhentheratpushedthecatintothewater.Theratwontherace，turningthetwoanimalsintoenemies.Thatiswhycatshavebeenhuntingratseversince.However，intheVietnameseversion—whichdidnothavearabbit—thecatcouldswimandendeduparriving.Onepossibleexplanationforreplacingrabbitwithcatmighthavetodowithlanguage.InoldChinese，there’sawordtiedtothesignoftherabbitthatispronouncedmao（卯）.Thepronunciationissimilartomèo，theVietnamesewordforcat.QuyenDi，alectureratUCLA，saidthecustomhastodowiththelandscapeofVietnam."Initially，theChineselivedinthesavanna（稀樹草原）area，whiletheVietnameselivedinthelowlandarea，"hesays."Thepeopleofthesavannapreferredanomadiclife，closetothewilderness，andtheychosetherabbitasananimalthatlivedinthewildfields.Incontrast，thelowlandpeopleofVietnamconsideredrabbitsasanimalsthatwereusedforfoodandchosethecatbecausetheybelievedcatswerefriendslivingintheirhouses."Thisyear，manyVietnamesearebuyingnewcat-themedcasesfortheirmobilephones.AndoneofthetoponlinesearchesinVietnamis"whythereisnocatintheChinesezodiac".本文為說明文，主要介紹了越南生肖與中國生肖的區(qū)別，重點介紹了貓和兔。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"coveredfor"inparagr