江蘇省啟東市高二上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（原卷版）

2023～2024學(xué)年(上)高二期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語注意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求：1．本試卷共10頁，包含聽力(共30分)、閱讀(共50分)、語言運(yùn)用(共30分)、寫作(共40分)四部分。本次考試滿分為150分，考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2．答題前，請您務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考試號(hào)等用黑色0.5毫米簽字筆填寫在答題卡上。3．作答非選擇題必須用書寫黑色字跡的0.5毫米簽字筆寫在答題卡上的指定位置，在其它位置作答一律無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Whichpartofthehousehasbeenrepaired?A．Thewalls.B．Theroof.C．Thedoors.2．What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Librarianandstudent.3．Whattimeisit?A．9:10.B．9:00.C．8:50.4．Whatproblemdoesthewomanhave?AShecan’treadmessages.BShecan’tfallasleepatnight.C．Sheisaddictedtoherphone.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theirage.B．Theman’shairstyle.C．Thewoman’scolleagues.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Atschool.B．Atashop.C．Athome.7．Whatwilltheboydonext?A．Checkhisbike.B．Buyapen.C．Reviewhisnotes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whyisthemansurprisedbythemeal?A．Itwasveryhot.B．Ittastedverygood.C．Itwasveryexpensive.9．HowmanytimeshasthewomanbeentoItaly?A．One.B．Two.C．Six.10．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．BooktraveltoItaly.B．Gotoabarforadrink.C．GotoanItalianrestaurant.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．Wherearethespeakersgoingnow?A．Toahotel.B．Toapark.C．Toamuseum.12．Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A．Theyarelocals.B．Theyaretourists.C．Theyareonabusinesstrip.13．Howdoesthewomanfeel?A．Tired.B．Upset.C．Hungry.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14．Whywasthenewpieceoffurnituresocheap?A．Itwasverydirty.B．Allthelegswereweak.C．Thebackhadasmallproblem.15．Whatcoloristheoldsofa?A．GreenB．White.C．Yellow.16．Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A．Sheoftenmakesthingsdirty.B．Shedislikesthecolorwhite.C．Shealwaysfindscheapgoods.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17．Whatisthepurposeoftheexperiment?A．Tostopdiseasesspreading.B．Tokillthemalemosquitoes.C．Tointroduceanewmosquito.18．Whatweretheenvironmentalgroupsworriedabout?A．Toomanymosquitoeswilldie.B．Mosquitoesmayresistchemicals.C．Malemosquitoeswillbitehumans.19．Whatisknownaboutmosquitoes?A．Onlyfemalesspreaddisease.B．Themalesneedhumanblood.C．Thefemalesfeedonlyonplants.20．Whatcouldbenefitmostiftheexperimentissuccessful?A．Theenvironment.B．Theeconomy.C．Humanhealth.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyou’researchingforavacationspotthathitsbothyourfixforcitylifeandaccesstonature,Seattleistheperfectplacetovisit.LocatedinWashington,it’shometosomeofthemostbeautifulnaturallandscapesinthecountry.SpaceNeedleYou’llgettheopportunitytoclimbtoafewlevelsoftheobservationtowerandadmiretheimpressiveviewsoftheMississippiRiverandthemountains.You’llalsobeabletovisittheLoupeLoungetoenjoyacirclingglassfloorexperienceandseatonaSkyriser—anangledglassbenchontheopenairobservationdeck.UndergroundHistoryTourThisonehour,smallgrouptourwilltakeyouintothefascinatingworldbeneathSeattle’sstreets.You’lltravelalongtheundergroundpathwaysconstructedoveracenturyagoandlearndetailsaboutSeattle’searlyhistoryfromyourknowledgeableguide.You’llhearstoriesoftheKlondikeGoldRush,SkidRowandthearea’soriginalinhabitants(居民).SeattleHarborCruiseOnthisguidedcruise,you’llgetachancetoadmirethesweepingviewsoftheOlympicMountainsandlearnmoreaboutthehistoryofthecity.You’llheadtoPugetSoundtoseeavarietyofwildlifeintheinlandbodyofwater.Thecruiseeswithafullservicebaraboardwhereyoucanpurchasecocktails,localwine,beer,snacksandmuchmorewhilerelaxingonthetour.MuseumofFlightYoucanexplorethefascinatingexhibitsoftheMuseumofFlight.Inside,you’llfind175aircraftandspacecraft,thousandsofartefactsandrarephotographs.You’lllearnaboutthehistoryofflightfromhumblebeginningstothefighterplanesofWorldWarIandII.YoucanevenstepaboardaBoeingplanandviewaspaceshuttleintheAviationPavilion.1.Whichplacewillhelpyoulearnaboutspaceadventure?A.SpaceNeedle. B.UndergroundHistoryTour.C.MuseumofFlight. D.SeattleHarborCruise.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoonSeattleHarborCruise?A.OverlookfromtheOlympicMountains. B.Enjoyvariouskindsoffoodanddrink.C.Seeavarietyofwildlifeindeepoceans. D.AdmiresplendidviewsoftheMississippi.3.Whatcanyougetinallthefourtouristspots?A.Mentalrelaxation. B.Historicalknowledge. C.Afreeguide. D.Aflyingexperience.BForCruz,whogrewupinPeru’smountainousregionofCuzco,fogrepresentsamassiveopportunity.Asaboy,hehadtohikeformorethananhoureverydayacrossroughhillstocollectwaterfromthenearestsource.Butovertime,herealizedthatduringtherainyseason,dropsofwaterwouldgatherinthelargeleavesofbananatrees.Oneday,heandhisfatherbuiltacanalsystemwiththeleavestocollectwater.HemovedtoLimaattheageof25.Shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentsweresuffering,CruzsetupEIMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005.Theideawastodeploythemethodhelearnedinhishometownonalarger,betteradaptedscale,whichwouldprovidefree,independentlysourcedandeasilyaccessiblewatertothosewhoneededitmost.Hebeganinstalling(安裝)atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.Thenonprofitprovidedthematerialsforfree,andthemunitybuilttheinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)themselves.AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatislikeafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyaresocalled“fogcatchers”.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drink(afterbeingfilteredathome)ortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyformunitiesaroundtheworldamideverchallengingconditions.GermanresearcherLummerichsays,“Theyarecheap,easytoconstruct.Inaworldsearchingforwatersupplysystems,itisoneimportantapproachthatcanmakeanessentialdifferencelocally.Itcouldmakethedifferencebetweenhavingwaterandnothavingwateravailable.”Therearesomeissues,however.Forone,fogcatchersrequirespace,whichisnotalwayseasytoebyincities.Atthesametime,fogcatchersmustbeproperlycleanedandmaintainedtostayeffective.Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.Fogisn’teverywhere.4.WhydidCruzsetupEIMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005?A.Toraisemoneyforthepoorestresidents. B.Toconstructtheinfrastructureforthecity.C.Tobuildacanalsystemforhishometown. D.Toofferwatertopeoplewhoneeditbadly.5Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploy”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Employ. B.Abandon. C.Design. D.Explore.6Whatistheproblemwithfogcatchersinurbanareas?A.Highexpenses. B.Publicopposition. C.Technicalfaults. D.Spacelimitation.7.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Apracticalapplicationoffogcatchersincities B.ThedevelopmentofaclimateorganizationC.Acreativemethodofimprovingwatersupply D.TheimportanceofinfrastructureconstructionCHowofteninyourbusylifewhenfacedwithanissueoraproblemdoyouconsidersubtraction(減法)?Everyday,withbigandsmallchallenges,weignoreabasicwaytomakethingsbetter.Wearegreatataddingtoour“todos”,butwedon’tconsider“stopdoings”.Wecollectnewandimprovedideas,butdon’tdeletetheoutdatedones.Doyourresolutionsmoreoftenstartwith“Ishoulddomoreof…”thanwith“Ishoulddolessof…”?Doyouaddnewrulesinyourhouseholdorworkplacemoreoftenthanyoutakerulesaway?Inourstrivingtoimproveourlives,ourworkandoursociety,weoverwhelminglyadd.LeidyKlotz’sLegobridgetest,withtwosupporttowersofdifferingheights,foundthatalmosteveryoneaddedaLegobricktotheshortertower,ratherthanremovingabrickfromthelongertower.Thevalidsubtractionsolutionproducedastrongeroute.Whydoweignoretheoptiontosubtractfromwhatisalreadythere?Whydowefailtousesubtractionasawaytochangethings?Firstly,behaviouralsciencesuggeststhatourbrainsarewiredtoignoresubtraction.Initialstudiesshowthatourmentalshortcutshaveapreferenceforaddingwhensolvingproblem.Wearetrickedbyourmindset.Further,wehaveatendencytothinkadditionorsubtraction;however,theycanbeplementary(互補(bǔ)的)waystomakechanges.Soweignoresubtractionbecauseitisoftenhardertothinkof.Moreover,evenwhenwedomanagetothinkofit,subtractingcanbehardertoperform.Inchemistry,valency(化合價(jià))referstoanelementalforcethatisnotnecessarilyvisiblebuthelpsexplaintheelements’behaviour.Psychologicalvalencyistheinnerattractivenessorstrongdislikeofsomething.Thereisanegativevalencyaroundsubtracting.Eventhewordsubtractionhasanegativevalency.Subtractionistheactofgettingtolessbutitisnotthesameasdoingless.Gettingtolessoftenmeansdoing,oratleastthinking,more.InyourpursuitofsuccessandhappinessIencourageyoutooverethetendencytoignoresubtraction.Subtractingcanbedelightful!8.Whatdopeopleusuallydowhenfacedwithproblemsinlife?A.Adoptsubtraction. B.Stopdoingthings.C.Addnewrules. D.Abandonoutdatedideas.9.Howdidtheauthorprovehisviewpoint?A.Byparingexamples. B.Byconductingasurvey.C.Byanalyzingstatistics. D.Bycitingatypicaltest.10.Whatcausespeopletoignoretheoptionofsubtraction?A.Initialfixedmindset. B.Resistancetochange.C.Flexiblementaldesire. D.Expectationforsuccess.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Statepossiblereasons. B.Offervaluableadvice.C.Givesomewarnings. D.Provideusefulproof.DUnderwatertravelisdifficultanddangerous,butmanypeoplehavereasonstostaydeepundertheocean.Soldiersinsubmarinestravellongdistancesunderwater.panieslookingforoilandotherresourcesstayunderwater,too.Humanshaveeupwithafewdesignsofvehiclestomovearoundundertheocean.Butwhatiftherewasabetterwaytotravel?HilaryBartSmith,anengineerattheUniversityofVirginia,thinksavehiclethattravelslikeamantaraywouldbeabletooperateforlongperiodsatseaasifitwerealivingorganism.Mantarays,atypeofcartilaginous(軟骨的)fish,cangrowupto29feetlong,whicharefoundthroughouttheworldintropical,subtropical,andtemperatewaters.Mantaraysaresomeofthemostefficientswimmersintheocean.Differentfromanimalsandpeoplepushingagainstwaterinordertoswim,themantarayswimsbymovingthroughthewaterwithwinglikemovementsoftheirfins(鰭).Efficiencymeansusinglessenergytomovefartherandcausinglesspollution.BartSmithandotherengineersattheUniversityofVirginiahadtofindoutwhatmantarayslookedlikeontheinsidetobetterunderstandhowtheymove.Theytookxraystofindouthowamantaray’sfinsarebuilt.Theyfoundthatawebofcartilage,whichisthesamekindofmaterialthatyourearsandnosearemadefrom,stretchesacrosseachfin.Oncetheengineersknewhowamantaray’sfinwasconstructed,theycouldbuildoneoftheirown.Theymadealongrowofmetalstrutswithmanyhingestoimitatethemantaray’swebofcartilage,actinglikeyourfinger,whichcanbendasonelongline,orbendinmanyplacestomakeacurve.Theengineersputtheirdesigninsideaflexiblecover,shapedlikeamantaray’sfin.Thentheytesteditintheuniversityswimmingpool.Theywerehappytoseethatitswamjustlikeamantarayintheocean.Engineersandscientistsarestilllearningandexperimentingwithhowtoimitatetheseamazinganimals.Perhapssomedayengineerswillbeabletobuildmantarayrobotsthatarebigenoughtotransportpeople.Fornow,engineersstudytheirmovementandlearnfromthemostefficientswimmersintheocean.12Whydoestheauthorraiseaquestioninthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadtothemaintopic. B.Toaskforacorrectanswer.C.Tosuggestexploringthesea. D.Tosummarizepeople’sviews.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutamantaray?A.Itcangrowatleast29feetlong. B.Itswimswithmuchlessenergy.C.Itcaninhabitallkindsofwaters. D.Itswimsbypushingagainstwater.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheresearch?A.Theengineersfailedtobuildamantaray’sfin. B.Artificial“mantarays”remaintobeimproved.C.Theexperimentswerecarriedoutintheocean. D.Vehicleslikemantarayshavebeenputintouse.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheproject?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Optimistic.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thejourneytowardsselfimprovementandpersonalsuccessisoftenpavedwithchallengesandobstacles.____16____Thepowerofmindsetextendsbeyondmerepositivethinking.Itshapesyourattitudesandactions,therebyshapingyourdestiny.Mindsetrestsonafundamentalprinciple:yourinnerbeliefsandthoughtscanformyourreality.____17____Itisalsoabouthowanoptimisticmindsetfosters(培養(yǎng))improveddecisionmaking,heightenedproblemsolvingabilities,andstrongerresilienceagainstchallenges.Factorsliketalentandhardworkareoftenhighlightedinprofessionalsuccess.____18____Consideraphysicaltherapist,whomayencounterlimitationsintheireffectivenessduetoanegativeorfixedmindsetdespitepossessingthenecessaryskillsandknowledge.Thissituationunderlineshowagrowthmindsetisessential.____19____Itisagamechangerinpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment.Itiscenteredaroundthebeliefthatabilitiesandintelligencearenotfixedtraitsbutcanbecultivatedthrougheffort,learning,andperseverance.Tomakefulluseofthepotentialofyourmindset,itiscrucialtoconfrontandoverelimitingbeliefs.Youmayneverrealizeit.____20____A.Thisisn’tmerelyhopefulthinking.B.Effortandabilitycanequalapositivemindset.C.Thegrowthmindsetmeanscontinuousimprovement.D.Infact,mindsetemergesasanequallycriticalelement.E.Suchbeliefscanactasinvisiblebarrierstoyoursuccess.F.Mindsetplaysanimportantroleinbuildinggoodrelationship.G.However,acrucialelementthatinfluencesthisjourneyisthemindset.第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。“I’vemetanoldlady,”Ieagerlytoldmyparentsononeofourdailyphone.Ivolunteeredtostartaknittingclubatacarehomeforthe____21____innorthLondon.Ididn’trealizeitwouldbethestartofaclose____22____,whereourages____23____sharply.Fromthebeginning,IneverfeltthatEdithandIlacked____24____.IwasamazedthatEdith,at110,couldtalkwithmeaboutanything,andthather____25____stretchedbacksoeasily,____26____evensmallthingsthattookplace100yearsago.WhenIfirstmetEdith,Iwas____27____byherintelligenceandvitality.Herdoctor’sdegreefromtheUniversityofViennatoldmeaboutthis.Asachild,shelovedtoskateonthelakeinwinters,butinherlateryearssheadoredthesummer,____28____herphysicalconditions.Althoughfromhernineties,shewas____29____toawheelchair,sheparticipatedintheexerciseclasses.OvertheyearsofvisitingEdith,IunderstoodhowEdithvaluedthe____30____ofpeopleaboveeverythingelseandmaterialpossessions,whichwasareminderofhowweshould____31____ourlives.Deathat111isnotunexpected,butIstillfeelthatsomethingis____32____frommylife.Ifeelveryfortunatetohaveformedsucha____33____bondwitharemarkablelady,fromwhomIlearntotakethewordsof____34____.Iappreciatenothingmorethantheopportunitytoregainnew____35____intolife.21.A.lonely B.elderly C.disabled D.deserted22.A.friendship B.cooperation C.encounter D.petition23.A.switched B.contracted C.contrasted D.identified24.A.adaptation B.mitment C.conversation D.attention25.A.memory B.organ C.anxiety D.manner26.A.explaining B.recalling C.forgetting D.expecting27.A.confused B.urged C.denied D.struck28.A.callingon B.allowingfor C.sortingout D.beatingdown29.A.devoted B.admitted C.restricted D.addicted30.A.pany B.discipline C.resolution D.departure31.A.follow B.tackle C.restore D.engage32.A.arising B.ranging C.missing D.suffering33.A.racial B.diverse C.visible D.special34.A.plaint B.praise C.gratitude D.wisdom35A.insights B.parison C.investment D.remarks第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Forthoselookingtoescapetheconcretejungle,maybeit’stimetodiveintothebambooforestsofsouthernSichuan.AnaturalforestthatpeopleinSichuanprovincetend____36____(visit)istheSouthernSichuanBambooSeainYibin.The120squarekilometerBambooSeaisthe____37____(large)bambooparkinChinaanditsaveragetemperatureseldomdropsbelowzerodegreesCelsiusinwinter____38____manypartsofthecountryarecoveredwithsnowandice.Knownasoneofthecountry’s10mostbeautifulforests,it____39____(be)apopulartouristattractionsincetheOscarwinningCrouchingTigerHiddenDragon____40____(shoot),therein2001.Twoyearslater,thebambooforestreceivedworldwide____41____(recognize)asabambooreserveinDecember2003,____42____(bee)thefourthtourismdestinationinChinatobegrantedGreenGlobe21certification.TheBambooSeacoversChangningandJiang’an,twocounties____43____theauthorityofYibin.Amazedatitsvastexpanse,HuangTingjian,____44____poetfromtheSongDynasty,describeditas“bamboowaves”.AsHuangwasan____45____(influence)manofletters,hisdescriptiongaverisetotheforest’spopularnickname—theBambooSea.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié);滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你的英國筆友Alan打算今年春節(jié)與父母一起來中國旅游，想聽聽你的建議，請給Alan寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．旅游路線；2．出行方式；3．了解中國。注意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearAlan,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。MywritingcareerstartedwhenIwasinelementaryschool,wheretherewerevariouswritingconteststhroughouttheyears.I’massumingitwasinthehopesoftryingtogetouryoung,littlemindsexcitedaboutthepossibilitiesthatwritingcouldofferusinourlives.ThenI’dehome,showmyparentsandmydadwouldsay,“Youdidsuchagreatjob,honey!Wow,youmustbeagreatwriter!”Iwasprobablyabetterwriterin5thgradethanmyaveragecounterparts(同等的人)atthetime.Ievenwenttothespecialadvancedclassesforthe“gifted”kidsforafewyears.AndasIgrewolder,Irememberedthoseexperiencesandwhatmydadwasalway