專題03 現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)(快問快答+考點細目+精講精練+分類通關(guān)+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填) 解析版_第1頁
專題03 現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)(快問快答+考點細目+精講精練+分類通關(guān)+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填) 解析版_第2頁
專題03 現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)(快問快答+考點細目+精講精練+分類通關(guān)+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填) 解析版_第3頁
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1/14高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識清單專題03現(xiàn)在分詞七大考點歸納(講案)解析版(快問快答+考點細目+精講精練+分類通關(guān)+作文升格+原創(chuàng)語填)目錄一、現(xiàn)在分詞快問快答P1二、現(xiàn)在分詞五年真題細目P2三、現(xiàn)在分詞用法考點清單P2考點清單一、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語用法P2考點清單二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語用法P3考點清單三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語用法P4考點清單四、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語用法P5考點清單五、現(xiàn)在分詞與狀語從句省略用法P6考點清單六、現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語用法P6考點清單七、現(xiàn)在分詞形式復(fù)雜化用法P7四、現(xiàn)在分詞用法分類通關(guān)P8分類通關(guān)(一)現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題分類P8分類通關(guān)(二)現(xiàn)在分詞單句語法填空精煉P11分類通關(guān)(三)現(xiàn)在分詞助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格P11分類通關(guān)(四)現(xiàn)在分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格P13分類通關(guān)(五)語法填空(外刊原創(chuàng))P14嫦娥六號完成月球軌道交會對接與在軌樣品轉(zhuǎn)移P14一、現(xiàn)在分詞快問快答Q1:什么叫現(xiàn)在分詞?A1:現(xiàn)在分詞是非謂語動詞一種形式,基本形式為doing。Q2:現(xiàn)在分詞能充當什么成分?A2:現(xiàn)在分詞在句中作表語、定語、狀語或賓語補足語。Q3:學(xué)習(xí)現(xiàn)在分詞難點在哪里?A3:一是掌握現(xiàn)在分詞四大句法功能,二是掌握現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式、過去分詞的區(qū)別,三是現(xiàn)在分詞形式的復(fù)雜變化。Q4:閱讀過程中遇到現(xiàn)在分詞(短語)怎么辦?A4:利用括號法把整個現(xiàn)在分詞括起來視為一個整體來理解,這也是英語長難句分析的最簡單有效辦法。Q5:學(xué)好現(xiàn)在分詞有什么意義?A5:一能化繁為簡迅速提高文章閱讀能力,二能在書面表達巧妙運用現(xiàn)在分詞提升句子表達效果。Q6:如何才能學(xué)好現(xiàn)在分詞?A6:一是努力掌握現(xiàn)在分詞基本知識框架,二是加強訓(xùn)練和背誦,積少成多,學(xué)以致用。二、現(xiàn)在分詞五年真題細目表卷別作狀語作賓補作定語作表語2024新高考II卷Recalling2023新高考I卷wanting2023新高考II卷visiting2023全國甲卷borrowing2023全國乙卷Havingvisited2022新高考I卷Covering2022新高考II卷falling2022全國甲卷planning2022全國乙卷inviting2022浙江卷existing2021新高考II卷thinking2021北京卷resulting2019北京卷facing2021新高考I卷aching2020全國III卷wanting2020浙江卷living2019全國II卷saying三、現(xiàn)在分詞考點清單考點清單一、現(xiàn)在分詞作定語用法場合用法示例doing1.表示一個主動的、正在進行的動作;2.單個分詞修飾名詞作前置定語;分詞短語修飾名詞作后置定語;3.注意:havingdone不能作定語;4.measure,weigh以及belongto,datefrom,consistof,arisefrom等短語常用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作定語。Thesleepingchildisonlyfiveyearsold.正在睡覺的孩子只有五歲。Thehousebelongingtoherisunderrepair.屬于她的房子在維修。Thegroupconsistingoftenmembersareinchargeofthepollutionproblems.由十名成員組成的小組負責污染問題。beingdone表示一個被動的、正在進行的動作Didyouseethatboybeingquestionedbythepolice?你看見那個男孩受到警察的盤問了嗎?【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Whowerethosepeoplewiththeflags?Agroup(call)theLeagueofPeace.2.Whowerethosepeoplewiththeflags?Agroup(call)itselftheLeagueofPeace.3.Happinessisaflower__________(live)inthesunshine,anditisnotdifficulttoreachforit.4.Therearemanyaccidents__________(arise)fromalcoholdrinking.5.Themuseum(build)nowwillbeopentothepublicinsixmonths.6.Wecantakemoremeasurestopreventaccidents__________(arise)fromcarelessness.7.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.8.Theflower__________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.9.Themeeting(hold)yesterday/(hold)now/(hold)tomorrowisimportant.10.Chinaisa______________(develop)country______________(belong)totheThirdWorld.【答案與解析】1.called。本題答語是個省略句,可以還原為Thosepeoplewiththeflagswereagroup(call)theLeagueofPeace.由此可以看出空白處是非謂語作定語,且是被動含義。故答案是called。2.called。本題itself是關(guān)鍵,若沒有itself,答案是called。故答案是calling。3.living。live是不及物動詞,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,表示一個主動的動作。故答案是living。4.arising。arisefrom表示“由……引起”,該短語不能用于被動語態(tài),作定語應(yīng)用主動形式。故答案是arising。5.beingbuilt?!敖ㄔ臁边@一動作正在進行,又是被動行為,應(yīng)用beingdone作定語。故答案是beingbuilt。6.frightening;frightened?,F(xiàn)在分詞演化成形容詞,表示“令人……”,過去分詞演化成形容詞,多表示“感到……”。故答案是frightening;frightened。7.weighing。weigh,measure表示物體重量、高度等概念時,不能用被動形式。故答案是weighing。8.smelling。smellsweet構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),不能用于被動語態(tài)。應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故答案是smelling。9.held;beingheld;tobeheld。beingdone表示一個被動的、正在進行的動作;tobedone表示一個被動的、將要發(fā)生的動作。故答案是held;beingheld;tobeheld。10.developing;belonging。adevelopingcountry一個發(fā)展中國家;belongto表示“屬于”,不能用于被動語態(tài),作定語應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故答案是developing;belonging??键c清單二、現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語用法場合用法示例doing1.現(xiàn)在分詞可以作時間、原因、條件、伴隨、結(jié)果狀語,強調(diào)與句子主語之間主動關(guān)系;2.現(xiàn)在分詞一般式doing表示與謂語動詞(幾乎)同時發(fā)生;3.現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語,其邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.

(作時間狀語)Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(作原因狀語)Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(作伴隨狀語)Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(作結(jié)果狀語)havingdone現(xiàn)在分詞完成式havingdone則表示該動作先于謂語動作發(fā)生,句中往往有明確時間狀語暗示,如manytimes。Havingansweredtheletter,shewentontoreadanEnglishnovel.回信之后,她接著讀了一本英文小說。【即時訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Theplatedroppedfromherhands,_______________(break)intopieces.2.Theplatedroppedfromherhands,and_______________(break)intopieces.3._______________(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.4.Hewasbusywritingastory,only_______________(stop)onceinawhiletosmokeacigarette.5.________________(receive)theletterfromherbestfriend,Lucyrantowardshomeexcitedly.6._______________(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.7._______________(tell)manytimes,hestilldidn’tlearntheserulesbyheart.8._______________(show)aroundthefactory,theyweretakentovisitthemuseum.9._______________(suffer)fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicine.10._______________(spend)

thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.【答案與解析】1.breaking。break與句子主語之間主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語。故答案是breaking。2.broke。And意味著這是一個并列句,句子缺少謂語動詞,結(jié)合并列謂語dropped知道應(yīng)用一般過去時。故答案是broke。3.Finding。find與句子主語之間主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是Finding。4.stopping。stop與句子主語之間主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。注意不要受onlytodo影響,該結(jié)構(gòu)表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果。故答案是stopping。5.tofind。本題onlytodo是動詞不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語。故答案是tofind。6.Havingeaten。before暗示該動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞完成式。故答案是Havingeaten。7.Havingbeentold。tell與句子主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,且發(fā)生在謂語動作之前,應(yīng)用havingbeendone。故答案是Havingbeentold。8.Havingbeenshown。show與句子主語之間構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,且發(fā)生在謂語動作之前,應(yīng)用havingbeendone。故答案是Havingbeenshown。9.Havingsuffered。foryears暗示已經(jīng)發(fā)生,故用havingdone。故答案是Havingsuffered。10.Havingspent。句意:作為交換生在香港待了一年,琳達顯得比其他同齡的人更成熟。spend與句子主語Linda存在邏輯上的主動關(guān)系,且spend這個動作又發(fā)生在句子謂語動詞appear之前,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。故答案是Havingspent??键c清單三、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語用法場合用法示例觀感使役類動詞+sb+doing1.巧記觀感使役類動詞--注意讓邁克聽聽看看這塊表有啥感覺(notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel);2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語,表示與賓語之間主動關(guān)系。Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface.我能感覺到風(fēng)吹著我的臉。Don’thavestudents

playingintheclassroom.

不要讓學(xué)生在教室里面打鬧。Hewasnoticedwanderingalongthestreetatthattime.當時有人注意到他在街上徘徊。with+名詞/代詞+doing1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語表示一個主動的、正在進行的動作;2.對比:該結(jié)構(gòu)中用動詞不定式表示一個將要發(fā)生的動作;用過去分詞表示一個被動動作;3.省略with該結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楠毩⒅鞲窠Y(jié)構(gòu)。Withpricesgoingupsofast,wecan'taffordluxuries.由于物價上漲很快,我們買不起高檔商品.Icycledoffdowntheroadwiththedogrunningbehind.我騎著自行車順著道路行駛,那只狗在后面跟著跑?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練一】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindanumberofthings___________________________(steal/miss/go/lose)2.Ilookedupandnoticedasnake(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.3.Themissingboywaslastseen(play)neartheEastLake.4.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?5.Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearit_____________(perform)liveisquiteanother.6.IheardanEnglishsong_____________(sing)beingsungbythelittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.【答案與解析】1.stolen/missing/lost。bestolen/missing/lost是習(xí)慣用法。故答案是stolen/missing/lost。2.winding。windone’sway表示“蜿蜒行進”,結(jié)合語境這是noticesbdoingsth句型。故答案是winding。3.playing。last是關(guān)鍵:失蹤的孩子最后一次有人見他在東湖邊玩耍。故答案是playing。4.examined。havesthdone表示“使某事被做”,強調(diào)賓語與賓補之間的被動關(guān)系。故答案是examined。5.beingperformed。結(jié)合語境“聽到音樂現(xiàn)場被演奏”強調(diào)正在進行和被動意義。故答案是beingperformed。6.beingsung。whenIpassedbyherroomyesterday暗示該動作正在進行和被動意義;故答案是beingsung?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練二】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。7.Withtheboy__________(lead)theway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.8.Thecoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog(follow)them.9.It___________(be)Sunday,wewentcampingandhadanicetime.10.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather(permit).11.Withmoreandmoreforests__________(disappear),manyanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.【答案與解析】7.leading。withsbdoing強調(diào)賓語和賓部之間的主動關(guān)系,故答案是leading。8.following。withsbdoing強調(diào)賓語和賓部之間的主動關(guān)系,故答案是following。9.being。ItbeingSunday構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),相當于AsitwasSunday。故答案是being。10.permitting。weatherpermitting構(gòu)成獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),相當于Ifweatherpermits。故答案是permitting。11.disappearing。disappear是不及物動詞,因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補足語。故答案是disappearing??键c清單四、現(xiàn)在分詞作表語用法場合用法示例現(xiàn)在分詞作表語現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,放在系動詞之后,說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或情況,常翻譯為“令人……”。Theexplanationwasconfusing.Igotconfused.這個講解是令人費解的,我被弄糊涂了。過去分詞作表語過去分詞作表語,表示“感到……”,主語多為人。Thetigerwasfrighteningandhewastoofrightenedtomove.老虎很可怕,他嚇得不敢動了?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Thestorywasso__________(move)thatallofuswere__________(move)totears.2.Themusictheyareplayingsoundsso__________(excite).3.Itis__________(amaze)thattheboyisabletosolvetheproblemsoquickly.4.Though

__________(surprise)

toseeus,theprofessorgave

usawarmwelcome.【答案與解析】1.moving;moved。該句意為:這個故事如此感人以至于我都感動落淚了。故答案是moving;moved。2.exciting。該句意為:他們演奏的音樂聽起來很刺激。故答案是exciting。3.amazing。該句意為:這個男孩能如此迅速地解決這個問題,真是令人驚奇。故答案是amazing。4.surprised。該句意為:雖然看到我們感到很吃驚,教授熱烈歡迎我們。故答案是surprised??键c清單五、現(xiàn)在分詞與狀語從句省略用法項目用法示例狀語從句主語是“連接詞itis+形容詞”1.省略主語和be動詞;2.該從句可還原為“連接詞+itis+形容詞”。He'llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.如果可能的話,他將去海邊度假。Ifacceptedforthejob,you'llbeinformedsoon.如果你被接受做這份工作,那么你很快就會收到通知。狀語從句與主句主語一致且含有be動詞時1.省略主語和be動詞;2.連接詞+現(xiàn)在分詞,表示與主語之間主動關(guān)系;3.連接詞+過去分詞表示與主語之間被動關(guān)系。While(Iwas)walkingalongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.當我沿著馬路走時,聽到有人喊我的名字。Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀請,否則他不會和我們一道去那里?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Though____________(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.2.Though(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.3.Icouldn’tfindmykeytothecarwhen(leave)home.4.While(wait)forabus,IcameacrossmyformerEnglishteacher.5.Grannyfellasleepwhen_____________(watch)TV.6.While_____________(walk)alongthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.7.When_____________(ask)forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.【答案與解析】1.surprised。原句可還原為Thoughhewassurprised。故答案是surprised。2.lacking。lack與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是lacking。3.leaving。leave與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是leaving。4.waiting。wait與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是waiting。5.watching。watch與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是watching。6.walking。walk與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故答案是walking。7.asked。ask與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞。故答案是asked??键c清單六、現(xiàn)在分詞短語作插入語用法場合用法示例franklyspeaking坦率地說judgingfrom/by根據(jù)…來判斷talkingof談到considering考慮到……英語中一些現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以視作插入語,其邏輯主語可以與句子主語不一致。Judgingfromhislook,heisverysick.從他的樣子判斷,他病得很重。Consideringhisage,hedidverywell.從年齡考慮,他干得挺不錯?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1._________(talk)oftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?2.(judge)fromwhathesaid,hemustbethethiefwhohasstolenthecar.3.Generally____________(speak),naughtyboysliketospeakinclass.4.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,____________(compare)withhisoldone.【答案與解析】1.Talking。Talkingof表示“談到,說到”,可以視作插入語,其邏輯主語可以與句子主語不一致。故答案是Talking。2.Judging。Judgingfrom…表示“根據(jù)……判斷”,可以視作插入語,其邏輯主語可以與句子主語不一致。故答案是Judging。3.speaking。句意:一般來說,淘氣的男孩喜歡在課堂上說話。generallyspeaking表示“一般來說”??梢砸曌鞑迦胝Z,其邏輯主語可以與句子主語不一致。故答案是speaking。4.compared。comparedwith表示“和……相比”,用作插入語。故答案是compared??键c清單七、現(xiàn)在分詞形式復(fù)雜化用法現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式、完成式和否定式(以動詞find為例)內(nèi)容主動用法否定式notfindingNotknowinghowtodo,Cindycriedoutforhelp.辛迪不知道怎么辦,因此大聲求救。一般式findingHestormedout,slammingthedoor.他氣沖沖摔門而去。被動式beingfoundWemustkeepasecretofthethingsbeingdiscussedhere.我們必須保守正在討論的事情。完成式havingfoundHaving?finished?all?the?tasks,?we?went?to?the?cinema.完成所有的任務(wù)后,我們?nèi)タ戳穗娪啊薄??完成被動式havingbeenfoundHavingbeenwritteninhaste,thebookhasmanymistakes.這書因?qū)懙脗}促,所以錯誤不少?!炯磿r訓(xùn)練】用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.(know)whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.2._____________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.3.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_______(move),andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.4.

____________(look)atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.

5.____________(be)illforalongtime,heneededtimetorecover.

6.Whoisthewoman____________(operate)onnow?

【答案與解析】1.Notknowing。結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞否定形式。故答案是Notknowing。2.Havingworked。work與句子主語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,且“工作兩天”發(fā)生在“按時完成報告”之前,應(yīng)用完成式。故答案是hasgiven。3.moving。結(jié)合語境notmoving短語作伴隨狀語,故答案是moving。4.Looking。句意:看著同學(xué)們的臉,我讀到他們眼中同樣的興奮。look與句子主語構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系。故答案是Looking。5.Havingbeen。句意:他病了很長時間,需要時間來恢復(fù)。foralongtime暗示應(yīng)用havingdone形式作狀語。故答案是Havingbeen。6.beingoperated。句意:現(xiàn)在正在做手術(shù)的那個女人是誰?結(jié)合語境應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞被動形式表示一個被動的、正在進行的動作。三、現(xiàn)在分詞用法分類通關(guān)分類通關(guān)(一)現(xiàn)在分詞五年高考真題通關(guān)考點一:考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨、時間狀語(與句子謂語動詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系)1.(2024新課標II卷)___64___(recall)watchingaChineseoperaversionofShakespeare’splayRichardIIIinShanghaiandmeetingChineseactorswhocametoStratfordafewyearsagotoperformpartsofThePeonyPavilion,Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguageandseehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”1.Recalling解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:回憶起幾年前在上海觀看莎士比亞戲劇《理查三世》的中國版,并遇見前來斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中國演員時,Edmondson說:“聽到中文,看到湯顯祖的戲劇是如何被表演的,非常激動人心?!狈侵^語動詞擔當狀語,主語“Edmondson”和動詞“recall”之間為主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞形式擔當狀語;出現(xiàn)在句首,首字母大寫。故填Recalling。2.(2023全國甲卷)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,wherealllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.2.borrowing解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:“從前,在美國的中心地帶有一個小鎮(zhèn),那里所有的生命似乎都和周圍的環(huán)境一起享受著和平的生活,”她的寓言是這樣開頭的,借用了許多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的詞。句中已有謂語動詞,所以用非謂語動詞形式。邏輯主語herfable與borrow之間為主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填borrowing。3.(2023全國乙卷)(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.3.Havingvisited解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:在過去的10年里,我多次訪問北京,我驚訝于這里的新舊共存,驚訝于一個城市如何在不斷發(fā)展的同時保持如此豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。這里為非謂語動詞擔當狀語,和主句主語“I”之間為主動關(guān)系;根據(jù)時間狀語“overthelast10years”可知,用完成時態(tài),由此推斷,空處用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時態(tài)。置于句首,首字母大寫。故填Havingvisited。4.(2022新高考I卷)___________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.4.Covering【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:該公園占地面積約為黃石國家公園的三倍,將成為中國首批國家公園之一。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語,cover和句子的邏輯主語theGPNP為邏輯的主動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語,首字母大寫。故填Covering。5.(2022全國甲卷)Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronseat20,___________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.5.planning【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:9月20日,他從4700公里外的西安飛到了喀什,計劃在五個月內(nèi)徒步回到西安。分析句子可知,已有謂語動詞flew,所以動詞plan(計劃)應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式,plan與主語He之間為邏輯主謂關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,表主動。故填planning。6.(2022全國乙卷)Tostrengthentheconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,___________(invite)twenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.6.inviting【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:為了加強與年輕人的聯(lián)系,活動包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動,邀請了來自世界各地的49名茶葉專業(yè)人士進行56小時不間斷的直播。此處為非謂語動詞,邏輯主語theevent與invite之間為主動關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填inviting。7.(2021新高考II卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,___________(think)itisfood.7.thinking【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當我得知許多海洋動物吃塑料垃圾,以為那是食物時,我很難過。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),___________(think)itisfood.用作狀語,think與其邏輯主語manyseaanimals之間是主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞,所以填thinking。8.(2021北京卷)From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,___________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.8.resulting【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:2000年至2019年,全球共發(fā)生重大自然災(zāi)害7348起,造成經(jīng)濟損失2.97萬億美元。7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld與result是邏輯主謂關(guān)系,且表示一種自然的結(jié)果,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,作結(jié)果狀語。故填resulting。9.(2019全國III卷)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,__________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.9.listening解析:考查分詞。本句謂語動詞為“wereinvited”,所以70題空格處動詞listen應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式。聽音樂這個動作是由we發(fā)出的,所以選用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。也可由and前后連接兩個并列的結(jié)構(gòu)這一規(guī)律解題,and后meetinginterestinglocals為分詞形式,故空格處填listening。10.(2019北京卷)Nervously__________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.10.facing解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:緊張地面對挑戰(zhàn),我知道我將輕聲對自己說兩個簡單的字“Beyourself”。分析句式可知,此處是作句子的狀語,要用非謂語動詞,其邏輯主語是I,與邏輯主語之間是主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填facing。考點二:考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語(表示一個主動的、正在進行的動作)11.(2023新高考II卷)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.11.visiting。解析:考查形容詞。句意:他們與蜂擁而至的國際游客和來訪的中國動物園管理員交談,這些管理員經(jīng)常來檢查從中國租借來的大熊貓。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空后是名詞,所以空處應(yīng)填形容詞作定語;visit對應(yīng)的形容詞為visiting“來訪的”。故填visiting。12.(2022新高考II卷)Whenhesawayoungchildhangingfromasixth-floorapartmentbalcony(陽臺),Henryranonehundredmetres,jumpedovera1.2-metrefence,andheldouthisarmstocatchthe___________(fall)child.12.falling【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當亨利看到一個小男孩掛在六樓公寓的陽臺上時,他跑了100米,跳過了1.2米高的柵欄,伸出雙臂去接要掉下來的孩子。句中的holdout為謂語動詞,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該使用非謂語動詞。根據(jù)句意,fall為動詞,意為“掉落”,child和fall之間是主動關(guān)系,同時表示正在進行的含義。故應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故填falling。13.(2022浙江卷)Blindpeoplerecognizeshapeswiththeir___________(exist)senses,inawaysimilartothatof___________(sight)people,saysEllaStriem-Amit,aHarvardscientist.13.existing,sighted【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:哈佛大學(xué)的科學(xué)家埃拉?斯特里姆-阿米特(EllaStriem-Amit)說,盲人用他們現(xiàn)有的感官識別形狀,在某種程度上與正常人相似。形容詞existing作定語,修飾sense。形容詞sighted作定語修飾名詞people,表示“能看見的、不盲的”。故填existing,sighted。14.(2021新高考I卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureandoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour___________(ache)legs.14.aching【解析】考查非謂語動詞。修飾legs用現(xiàn)在分詞aching,表示主動和進行的動作。故填aching。15.(2021浙江1月卷)Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople___________(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.15.living【解析】考查非謂語動詞。結(jié)合語境空白處需要一個現(xiàn)在分詞作定語,表示一個主動的、正在進行的動作。故填living。16.(2019全國II卷)Whenwegotacall___________(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.17.saying解析:考查非謂語動詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語從句可知,此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語,解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容,call與say是主動關(guān)系,故填saying。考點三:考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓補補足語(與句子賓語之間構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系)17.(2023新高考I卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteamerisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft___________(want)morenexttime.17.wanting解析:考查非謂語動詞。句意:無論我在哪里買,一蒸籠都不夠,而兩蒸籠又顯得太貪心了,所以我總是想下次再買。分析句子可知,此處考查“l(fā)eavesb+賓語補足語”,本句是被動語態(tài),want是主語補足語,根據(jù)句意,I與want之間是主動的邏輯關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞wanting。故填wanting。18.(2020全國III卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds,___________(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.18.surrounding【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意:當他看到霧氣從河上升起,山頂上烏云環(huán)繞,他不禁流下了眼淚。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,thesoftclouds___________(surround)themountaintops是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語,surround在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式,與邏輯主語clouds構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填surrounding。分類通關(guān)(二)現(xiàn)在分詞單句語法填空精煉用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,___________(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.2.Nervously_________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.3.______________(consider)thattheyarejustbeginners,theyaredoingquiteagoodjob.4.(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.5.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,___________(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.6.Withnocentralgovernment,theislandwasruledbykings,each______________(control)adifferentregionofthecountry.7.Around13,500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,________(exceed)theexpectednumberof12,000heldbymarketanalysts.8.Themanager,(make)itclearthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.9.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,__________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.10.ManyChinesebrands,________(develop)theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.【答案】1.making2.facing3.Considering4.Basing5.Listening6.controlling7.exceeding8.havingmade9.ranging10.developing分類通關(guān)(三)現(xiàn)在分詞助力應(yīng)用文寫作升格書面表達句式升級:請運用現(xiàn)在分詞翻譯下列各句。1.(2023全國乙卷)另外,當我完成一件作品,我會為自己感到自豪。(completing)________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2023全國甲卷)在日本學(xué)醫(yī)期間,他對中國人的歧視感到傷心,因此作出一個大膽的決定去放棄醫(yī)學(xué)尋求寫作。(studying,making)________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2021新高考I卷)聽說英語口語課上我們將要被隨機組合,我特寫信表達我的意見。(hearing)________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2022全國乙卷)然而,那些選擇閱讀英語書訪問英語網(wǎng)站的人只分別占18%和12%。(choosing)________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2022全國乙卷)根據(jù)一項調(diào)查,大部分正被調(diào)查的學(xué)生,確切地說是65%,選擇聽聽英語歌曲。(beinginterviewed)________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2022全國甲卷)首先,千方百計去應(yīng)對全球變暖,這已經(jīng)成為海洋動物的巨大威脅。第二,沖浪或劃船時,不要把垃圾丟進海洋。(surfing)________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2022全國甲卷)世界海洋日,排在6月8日,目的是提高海洋保護意識。(falling)________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2022新高考I卷)TalkandTalk欄目創(chuàng)立十年了。這是一個很棒的欄目,你可以和學(xué)生分享你的看法。(amazing)________________________________________________________________________________________9.(2021全國乙卷)然而,隨著越來越多的學(xué)生成為在線學(xué)習(xí)者,如何智慧學(xué)習(xí)利用好在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)引起廣泛關(guān)注。(increasing)________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2020全國I卷)我的數(shù)學(xué)老師已經(jīng)為我們學(xué)生樹立了榜樣,他完全值得我尊敬。(havingset)________________________________________________________________________________________【參考答案】1.Besides,Ifeltproudofmyselfwhencompletingabeautifulpainting.2.WhilestudyingmedicineinJapan,hewassaddenedbythediscriminationagainstChinesepeople,thusmakingabolddecisiontoquitmedicalschoolandpursuewriting.3.HearingthatwewillbepairedatrandominouroralEnglishclass,I’mwritingtovoicemyopinionaboutit.4.However,thosechoosingtoreadEnglishbooksandvisitEnglishlearningwebsitesonlyaccountfor18%and12%.5.Accordingtoasurvey,moststudentsbeinginterviewed,specifically65%,choosetolistentoEnglishsongs.6.First,tryeverymeanstofightagainstglobalwarming,whichhasbecomeagreatthreattoseacreatures.Second,whensurfingorboating,neverdroplitterintothesea.7.WorldOceanDay,fallingonJune8th,isaimedatraisingawarenessofoceanconservation.8.ItistenyearssinceTalkandTalkwasestablished.Thisisanamazingprogramwhereyoucanshareyourideaswithstudents.9.However,withanincreasingnumberofstudentsbecomingonlinelearners,howtobeasmartonlinelearnertomakefulluseofonlinestudyhasarousedwideattention.10.Havingsetagreatexampletousstudents,mymathsteacherfullydeservesmyrespect.分類通關(guān)(四)現(xiàn)在分詞助力讀后續(xù)寫升格1.(2024浙江1月卷)隨著時間的流逝,伊娃最終在完成一英里跑步的過程中熟悉了這個巨大的迷宮。________________________________________________________________________________________2.(2024浙江1月卷)作為一名大一新生,她經(jīng)常在6層樓的迷宮中迷路,這讓她非常無助。________________________________________________________________________________________3.(2023新高考I卷)當我讀到那封宣布我的文章獲得第一名的賀信時,我的心跳加速!________________________________________________________________________________________4.(2023新高考I卷)淚水幾乎模糊了我的視線,我給了他一個大大的擁抱。________________________________________________________________________________________5.(2023新高考I卷)“祝賀你!”我的老師驕傲地說,眼里噙滿了淚水。________________________________________________________________________________________6.(2023新高考I卷)當我走進辦公室時,他從辦公桌上抬起頭來,臉上洋溢著自豪的笑容。________________________________________________________________________________________7.(2023新高考I卷)有人叫我去參加寫作比賽的頒獎典禮,我驚訝得目瞪口呆。________________________________________________________________________________________8.(2023新高考I卷)他拍了拍我的肩膀,深情地笑了笑:“最重要的是你的努力?!盻_______________________________________________________________________________________9.(2023新高考I卷)每當回首這件事,我都對他感激不盡。________________________________________________________________________________________10.(2023新高考I卷)他緊緊地握著我的手說:“祝賀你!你是個好作家,繼續(xù)寫吧。”________________________________________________________________________________________【

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