第12講UNIT3　SPORTSANDFITNESS（核心詞塊講解基礎(chǔ)練閱讀提升練）

Unit3SportsandFitness目標(biāo)1掌握重點(diǎn)單詞和詞塊的用法。目標(biāo)2認(rèn)識(shí)并運(yùn)用重點(diǎn)句型。一、核心詞塊講解1.honourn．榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸v．尊敬；尊重(1)behonouredfor... 因……而受到尊敬behonouredas... 被尊為……be/feelhonouredtodosth. 做某事感到榮幸(2)It'sanhonourforsb.todosth. 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事很榮幸。feelitanhonourtodosth. 為做某事感到榮幸inhonourof... 向……表示敬意；為紀(jì)念……(3)honourableadj. 可敬的；體面的[佳句背誦]WiththeDragonBoatFestivalapproaching,weareplanningtoholdadragonboatraceinhonourofthefamouspoet,QuYuan.隨著端午節(jié)的臨近，我們計(jì)劃舉行一場(chǎng)龍舟比賽，以紀(jì)念著名詩(shī)人屈原。2.determinationn．決心；決定(1)withdetermination 堅(jiān)決地(2)determinevt. 決定；確定；下定決心determineon/upon 決定determinetodosth. 決定做某事(表示動(dòng)作)bedeterminedby... 由……決定(3)determinedadj. 堅(jiān)決的；有決心的bedeterminedtodosth. 決心做某事(表示狀態(tài))[佳句背誦]Thedeterminedlookonhisfaceshowedthathehadenoughconfidenceinhimself.他臉上堅(jiān)定的表情表明他對(duì)自己有足夠的信心。3.injurevt.使受傷；損害(1)injureone'shealth 損害某人的健康injureone'sfeelings 傷害某人的感情injureone'sreputation 損害某人的名譽(yù)(2)injuredadj. 受傷的；有傷的theinjured 傷員(3)injuryn. 傷害；損傷doaninjurytosb. 傷害某人[佳句背誦]Hearinghewasn'tinjuredinthecaraccident,everyonebreathedasighofrelief.聽(tīng)到他在車禍中沒(méi)有受傷，大家都松了口氣。4.strengthn．力量；體力；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)(1)havethestrengthtodosth. 有力量/意志做某事buildupone'sstrength/body 增強(qiáng)某人的體力strength(s)andweakness(es) 優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)withallone'sstrength 用盡全力(2)strengthenvt.&vi. 加強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)；鞏固[佳句背誦]Byparticipatinginsucharewardingactivity,westrengthenedourawarenessoflabor.通過(guò)參加這樣一次有益的活動(dòng)，我們?cè)鰪?qiáng)了我們的勞動(dòng)意識(shí)。(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ滿分作文)5.petevi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗(1)petein... 參加……比賽petewith... 與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)petefor... 為……而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)petewith/against...for... 為爭(zhēng)取……而與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)(2)petitionn. 比賽；競(jìng)爭(zhēng)petitiveadj. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的；有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的petitorn. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；對(duì)手[佳句背誦]Wecanpetewithstudentsfromotherschoolsindebatecontestsorspeechcontests.我們可以和來(lái)自其他學(xué)校的學(xué)生在辯論比賽或演講比賽中競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“參加”的短語(yǔ)還有：takepartin、joinin、participatein6.pretendvi.&vt.假裝；裝扮pretendeq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(tobe＋名詞/形容詞假裝是……,todosth.假裝做某事,tobedoingsth.假裝正在做某事,tohavedonesth.假裝已經(jīng)做了某事,that從句假裝……))[佳句背誦]Tobehonest,ifyoupretendtoknowwhatyoudon'tknow,you'llonlymakeafoolofyourself.說(shuō)實(shí)話，不懂裝懂只會(huì)自欺欺人。stressn．壓力；緊張；重音vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)；重讀；使焦慮不安vi.焦慮不安(1)understress 在壓力之下putstressonsth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物(2)stresstheimportanceof... 強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性(3)stressedadj. 焦慮不安的；感到有壓力的stressfuladj. 產(chǎn)生壓力的；壓力重的[佳句背誦]Ashasbeenstressedmanytimes,learningEnglishwellisofgreatimportancetoyourcareerdevelopmentinthefuture.正如我們多次強(qiáng)調(diào)的，學(xué)好英語(yǔ)對(duì)你未來(lái)的職業(yè)發(fā)展是非常重要的。8.giveup放棄；投降givein 屈服，投降giveout 分發(fā)；用光；精疲力竭giveaway 贈(zèng)送；泄露giveoff 散發(fā)(氣體、光和熱等)givewayto 給……讓路givesb.ahand 幫某人一個(gè)忙[佳句背誦]Thatweekend,wewenttoanearbyneighborhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.那個(gè)周末，我們?nèi)チ烁浇囊粋€(gè)社區(qū)并把它們捐贈(zèng)給那里的人們。9.makesense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚(1)makesenseof 理解；明白Itmakes(no)sensetodosth. 做某事(沒(méi))有道理/意義。(2)inasense 從某種意義上說(shuō)innosense 決不(用在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)Thereisnosenseindoingsth. 做某事是沒(méi)道理/意義的。[佳句背誦]Youshouldinnosenseloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.＝Innosenseshouldyouloseheart;keeptryingandyouwillmakeitsoonerorlater.你決不應(yīng)喪失信心；繼續(xù)努力，你遲早會(huì)成功的。二．句型精析“Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式”意為“看來(lái)……；好像……”(教材P38)Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.在一場(chǎng)比賽的最后幾秒鐘，喬丹似乎總能找到獲勝的方法。[先練會(huì)]——單句語(yǔ)法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①I(mǎi)tseemsdifficultto_learn(learn)somanynewwordsbyheartinashorttime.②There_seems_to_be_hope(看起來(lái)有希望)thatbusinesswillgetbetter.【句法分析】(1)Sb./Sth.seems/seemed＋不定式＝Itseems/seemedthat... 看來(lái)……；好像……(2)Itseems＋形容詞/副詞＋todosth.看起來(lái)……Itseemsasif/asthough... 看起來(lái)好像……Thereseems(tobe)．.. 看起來(lái)……[佳句背誦](1)ItseemsthatMaryhaschangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.＝Maryseemstohavechangedalotsinceshewenttouniversity.自從上大學(xué)以來(lái)，瑪麗似乎改變了很多。(2)Lookatthedarkcloudsinthesky!Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.看天上烏云密布！看來(lái)要下雨了。PartⅠ過(guò)基礎(chǔ)——教材核心知識(shí)精準(zhǔn)練詞形轉(zhuǎn)換/固定搭配和用法1．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination(determine),andstrength(strong)havehelpedyoufacechallengesinyourlife.2．Itishonourable(honour)tomakealifewithyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.3．Itisworthmentioningthatourvolleyballteamwonthechampionship(champion)twiceinnationalmiddleschoolvolleyballmatches.4．Evenif/thoughwewillcertainlyfailattimes,learningfromthemistakeswemakewillbeinvaluable.5．pared(pare)withthosewhoarealwaysplaining,peoplewithapositiveattitudetowardslifelivelonger.6．Areyoufreetonight?Wouldyouliketoealongwithustohaveapicnicintheopenair?7．Itisrecognisedthatpeoplemakingfriendsonlineareafraidofgettingcheated(cheat)．8．Ihavebeentryingtocontacttheofficialinchargeoftransportinthepastthreehours,butIdidn'tmakeit．一詞多義eq\x(A.鍛煉B.制定出C.產(chǎn)生……的結(jié)果D.解決)1．(2020·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))Althoughitwasahardtimeandthingsweretightforeverybody,Bernard'sbusinessworkedoutquitewell.C2．Youhavetoworkoutaplanasquicklyaspossible.B3．What'smore,themoreyouworkout,thehealthieryouwillbee.A_4．Neithertheteachernorhisstudentsknewhowtoworkouttheproblem.D熟詞生義1．(2021·全國(guó)卷乙)Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.BA．重要事情，大事B．比賽項(xiàng)目C．公開(kāi)活動(dòng)2．(2021·全國(guó)卷甲)Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.BA．查明；準(zhǔn)確算出B．影響C．決定；決心3．ZhangZhongjinghasbeenhonoredasamasterdoctorsincetheEasternHanDynasty.AA．高手 B．學(xué)位C．掌握4．Therewerealsoseveralaccidentsmainlycausedbyenginefailuresontake-off._CA．失敗的人(或事物)B．未做；未履行C．故障；失靈單元要點(diǎn)高效語(yǔ)境Herearetwoworld-famous1.legends(legend).OneisLangPing,theotherisMichaelJordan.LangPingusedtobeaplayer,whobroughthonourandglorytohercountry.Yearslatershebecameacoach,2.wholedthewomen'svolleyballteamtomedalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics.When3.preparing(prepare)forthe2015WorldCup,theteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.4.Losing(lose)twoimportantplayerswasabigchallengeforher,butshedidnotloseheart.Sheknewthatheryoungplayerscouldwiniftheyworkedtogetherasateam.Twoweeks5.later(late),theywereworldchampions!MichaelJordan,known6.as“AirJordan”，changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.Jordan'sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththathe7.showed(show)madehimunique.Jordansaysthatthesecret8.tohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.Losinggamestaughthimtopractise9.harder(hard)andnevergiveup.Inlife,Jordanhaslearnttosharehissuccesswithothers.TheBoysandGirlsClubhestartedinChicago10.has_been_helping(help)youngpeoplesince1996.PartⅡ過(guò)能力——閱讀能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·石家莊畢業(yè)班教學(xué)質(zhì)檢)Theuseofsocialmediahasbeenlinkedtomentalhealthproblemsinteenagers.ButanewstudyfromEnglandarguesthattheissuemaybemoreplexthanexpertsthink.Thenewresearchinterviewed10，000teenagers,whoreportedthefrequencytheyusedsocialmedia.Thefrequencyofmorethanthreetimesadaywasconsidered“veryfrequent”.Buttheresearchers,forthefirsttime,wentastepfurthertoinvestigatewhatkindofwebsitesmadetheteenagersfrequenters.Theyfoundthat,inbothsexes,veryfrequentvisitstosocialmediawithnegative(負(fù)面的)contentswereassociatedwithgreatermentaldepressionandanxiety.“Ourresultssuggestsocialmediaitselfdoesn'tcauseharm,butthatfrequentusemaydisrupt(使中斷)activitiesthatpositivelyinfluencementalhealthsuchassleepingandexercising,whileincreasingexposureofyoungpeopletoharmfulcontents，”saidRussellViner,theco-authoroftheUCLGreatOrmondStreetInstituteofChildHealth.It'sanimportantdiscovery.Justlastmonth,researchfromCanadashowedthathigherleveloftheuseofsocialmediawaslinkedwithincreasedmentaldepressioninadolescents.Withthisstudy,theproblemisputinabettercontext.It'snotnecessarilysocialmediathatarecausingtheseissues.It'smorelikelythecontentsthatyoungpeopleareexposedtoandtheirhindrance(妨礙)ofhealthysleepandexercise.BobPatton,alecturerattheUniversityofSurrey,saidthismeansthatremediesfocusingonlyonreducingtheuseofsocialmediatoimprovementalhealthmightnothelp.“Findingwaystoimprovetheonlinecontentsandpromotebettersleepandexerciseisneededtoreducephysicalandpsychologicalharm，”saidhe.“Ifhealthylifestylescanbekept,thepositiveeffectsoftheuseofsocialmedia,suchasencouragingsocialinteractions,canbemoresupported，”saidAnnDeSmet,anassistantprofessorattheUniversityofAntwerpinBelgium.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)青少年使用社交媒體的頻率與心理健康之間有很復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。1．Howdoesthenewresearchdifferfromthepreviousstudies?A．Bycarryingoutdetailedinterviews.B．Byfocusingonbothgirlsandboys.C．Byanalyzingthesocialmediacontents.D．Bystudyingalargernumberofteenagers.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Buttheresearchers...theteenagersfrequenters.”可知，本次研究與之前研究的不同之處在于，本次研究調(diào)查了青少年瀏覽的社交媒體的內(nèi)容。2．WhatdidRussellVinersayaboutsocialmedia?A．Itdidn'tcauseanymentalproblemsinteenagers.B．Itsabusemaynegativelychangethehealthylifestyle.C．Itsharmfulcontentsshouldbereducedimmediately.D．Itencouragedsocialinteractionsamongadolescents.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“butthatfrequentuse...exposureofyoungpeopletoharmfulcontents”可知，頻繁地使用社交媒體會(huì)中斷那些給心理健康帶來(lái)積極影響的活動(dòng)。3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“remedies”underlinedinparagraph6?A．Measures. B．Effects.C．Experiments. D．Differences.A解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第六段中的mightnothelp及“Findingways...psychologicalharm”可知，畫(huà)線詞所在句表達(dá)的是只注重減少社交媒體的使用來(lái)改善心理健康的措施可能是無(wú)用的，畫(huà)線詞的意思應(yīng)與A項(xiàng)最為接近。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Toprovetheharmfuleffectsofsocialmedia.B．Toshowtheproperwaytousesocialmedia.C．Topresentrelatedstudiesanddiscoveries.D．Tointroduceanimportantnewdiscovery.D解析：寫(xiě)作意圖題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段中的主旨句“ButanewstudyfromEnglandargues...think.”可知，本文旨在介紹一項(xiàng)新的研究結(jié)果。B(2022·沈陽(yáng)八校聯(lián)考)Therearemanywaystotravelwithinacity.Wecanwalk,cycleortakeabus.Butnomatterwhichwaywetravel,wehavetofollowtheroutethecityplannersmadeforus.Parkour(跑酷)practitioners,however,seethecityinapletelydifferentway.Tothem,therearenofixedroutes.Therearenowallsandnostairs—sincetheyjump,climb,rollandcrawltomoveacross,through,overandunderanythingthattheyfindintheirpath.Thecityistheirplayground.TheInternationalGymnasticsFederation(FIG)hasnoticedthatthisactivityisattractingmoreandmorepeopletoit—thereare100，000peopletakingpartinparkourtodayintheUKalone,accordingtoTheGuardian—andhowitishelpfulforpeopletobemuchstronger:Ittrainscoordination(協(xié)調(diào))andbalance.So,theorganizationisthinkingaboutrecognizingparkourasanewsportandaddingittotheOlympicsby2024.However,parkourpractitionersthemselvesdon'tseemtobehappywiththeidea.Theyseeparkouras“alifestyle”，wrotethewebsiteNextSportStar.“It'sapetitionagainsttheconditionsratherthanjustasport.”Indeed,manydoparkourjustto“escapethedailyroutineandexperiencethecityindifferentways”,wrotereporterOliMouldonTheConversation.Theyseeparkourasawaytoexpressthemselvesthroughrelaxingmovesandcreativerouteswhilefreeingthemselvesfromthepressure.It'sgreatthattheFIGwantstodevelopanewsportandstayclosetoanewculturalform.Butitwouldbegreateriftheyknewthatnoteverythinginlifeisapetition.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。跑酷吸引了越來(lái)越多的人。國(guó)際體操聯(lián)合會(huì)計(jì)劃將其納入奧運(yùn)會(huì)。但跑酷者似乎對(duì)這個(gè)主意并不滿意，他們認(rèn)為這是一種生活方式。5．Howdotheparkourpractitionerstravelwithinthecity?A．Byfollowingfixedroutes.B．Bycycling.C．Byusingtheirownways.D．Bytakingabus.C解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二、三句可知，跑酷者沒(méi)有固定的路線，他們通過(guò)跳躍、攀爬、翻滾和爬行去越過(guò)他們?cè)谒叩牡缆飞习l(fā)現(xiàn)的任何東西。6．WhatdoesFIGthinkofparkour?A．Itisadangeroussport.B．ItshouldbeanOlympicsport.C．Itisbeinganormalsport.D．Itcanbeeahealthysport.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段尾句可知，國(guó)際體操聯(lián)合會(huì)正在考慮將跑酷作為一項(xiàng)新運(yùn)動(dòng)，到2024年將其加入奧運(yùn)會(huì)項(xiàng)目中。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A．Parkourisalifestyleinthepractitioners'eyes.B．Parkourisadailyroutineforthereporter.C．ParkourisalreadyanOlympicsport.D．Parkourshouldfollowthedesignedways.A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“However...Theyseeparkouras‘a(chǎn)lifestyle’”可知，在跑酷者眼里，跑酷是一種生活方式。8．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardparkour?A．Negative. B．Unconcerned.C．Worried. D．Objective.D解析：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。通讀全文，再結(jié)合文章最后一段可知，作者對(duì)跑酷持客觀的態(tài)度。Ⅱ.完形填空(2022·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研)Myfamilywentonholidayforaweekthissummer.Iwassurprisedtolearnthesleeping__1__forthenight—myyoungdaughterhadagreedtosleepinafirst-floorbedroombyherself.Aswe__2__，wediscussedthedeerwehad__3__onourway.“Ihopewecouldseeabearortwothis__4__！”mywifeshouted.Atbedtime,mywifeandIwenttotheupstairsroom,andmyparents-in-law(岳父母)headedfora__5__onthefirstfloor.MywifeandIwereabouttosleepwhenourdaughterappearedwitha(n)__6__lookonherface.Shesaida__7__wasscratching(刮出刺耳聲)atherwindow.IdecideditwouldbethebestifIsleptdownstairsandmydaughtersharedtheroomwithmywife.Onmywaydown,Ipassedmyfather-in-law,asleepinfrontofthe__8__.IwasinbedonlyafewminuteswhenIheardataponthewindowoutside.Somethingwasindeedoutthere.__9__，itwasn'tabear—Itoldmyself.Ifellasleepsoon.Sometimelater,Iwas__10__byastrangesound.Isawalarge__11__inthedoorwayandfrozeasit__12__closertome.Irealizedwhatitwas—onlyaftermyfather-in-lawbentdowntogivemeakiss.“It'sDavid.”Myfather-in-lawjumpedback.Welaughed__13