Unit5Whatanadventure!教材長難句解析學(xué)案高中英語

Book3Unit5Whatanadventure!教材長難句解析1.Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldincludecrowds,disfortanddanger.(P66)明知道會是一次擁擠、不舒適而又危險的體驗(yàn)，去年仍有數(shù)百人愿意為此花費(fèi)大價錢?！揪涫浇馕觥縯hat引導(dǎo)定語從句Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperiencethattheyknewwouldinclude時間狀語主語謂語賓語介詞介詞賓語主語插入語謂語that引導(dǎo)定語從句crowds,disfortanddanger.賓語本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句：Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentgoodmoneyonanexperience.【考點(diǎn)一】that引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞anexperience?！究键c(diǎn)二】句型spend...on...通常表示在某物或某事上花費(fèi)時間、金錢或精力?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】hundredsof數(shù)百goodmoney很多錢theyknew插入語現(xiàn)象2.Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.(P67)對于這些人而言，攀登珠穆朗瑪峰是一次獨(dú)一無二的體驗(yàn)，它讓一些人感受到脆弱的同時也讓另一些人感受到強(qiáng)大?！揪涫浇馕觥縁orthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother,狀語主語系動詞表語makingsomefeelweakandothers,powerful.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語賓語賓補(bǔ)并連賓語賓補(bǔ)make的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)本句主句：climbingQomolangmaisanexperiencelikenoother.。【考點(diǎn)一】climbingQomolangma動名詞短語作主語?！究键c(diǎn)二】現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)：making+賓語+賓補(bǔ)（由and連接的兩個賓語和賓補(bǔ)）?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】likenoother（介詞短語）與眾不同，獨(dú)一無二3.BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureisjustsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”(P67)英國登山者喬治·馬洛里曾這樣記述攀登珠峰的體驗(yàn)：“我們從這次冒險活動中得到的是純粹的快樂……我們活著不是為了吃飯和賺錢。我們吃飯和賺錢是為了能夠享受生活。這才是生活的意義和目標(biāo)?！薄揪涫浇馕觥客徽Zwhat引導(dǎo)主語從句BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma,“Whatwegetfromthisadventureis主語謂語動名詞短語作賓語主語系雙引號內(nèi)為直接引語justsheerjoy...Wedonotlivetoeatandmakemoney.Weeatandmakemoneytobeabletoenjoylife.表語what引導(dǎo)兩個并列的表語從句直接引語中的兩個單句Thatiswhatlifemeansandwhatlifeisfor.”主語系表語并列連詞表語本句主句：BritishmountainclimberGeorgeMallorywroteofclimbingQomolangma.雙引號內(nèi)為直接引語?！究键c(diǎn)一】writeof相當(dāng)于writeabout，“寫（關(guān)于……)”?！究键c(diǎn)二】what引導(dǎo)的3個從句：第一個是主語從句，第二、三個是表語從句?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】sheerjoy真正的快樂makemoney賺錢beabletodo能夠做某事4.ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.(P67)至今人們也不知道他生前是否成功登頂了珠峰?！揪涫浇馕觥縤f引導(dǎo)主語從句ItisstillnotknownifhesucceededinreachingthetopofQomolangmabeforeittookhislife.主系狀表主謂語賓語before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句:Itisstillnotknown.【考點(diǎn)一】it為形式主語,代替if引導(dǎo)的真正的主語從句。注意：如果放于句首，只能用whether引導(dǎo)主語從句?！究键c(diǎn)二】before為連詞,引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】if“是否”succeededindoingsth.做某事成功takeone’slife奪去某人的命，殺掉某人WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?(P67)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的大多數(shù)嘗試要么大獲全勝，要么徹底失敗，這一冒險行為的背后是否有科學(xué)解釋？【句式解析】with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,介詞賓語不定式作定語賓補(bǔ)istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?Therebe疑問結(jié)構(gòu)主語本句為therebe句型。主句：Istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisktaking?【考點(diǎn)一】with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語，因resulting與attempts之間是主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞?！究键c(diǎn)二】此為therebe句型的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)，在段落中具有銜接功能，即通過概括探險成敗情況承接前文，再通過設(shè)問引發(fā)讀者對探險者冒險行為的動機(jī)進(jìn)行深層思考，引出下文的研究結(jié)果和分析?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】themajorityof結(jié)構(gòu)主謂一致：（1）themajorityof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；（2）“themajorityof+不可數(shù)名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)；（3）“themajorityof+集合名詞”用作主語時,謂語動詞可用單數(shù)（視為整體）或復(fù)數(shù)（考慮其個體）。either...or...“不是……便是……,或者……或者……”。either...or...連接兩個主語時，采用“就近一致原則”，其謂語動詞應(yīng)與近的一個主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。變成一般疑問句，動詞形式與鄰近主語保持一致。Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.(P68)他把這些人的人格特征稱為“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”?！揪涫浇馕觥繝钫Z介詞with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Hereferstothepersonalitiesofthesepeopleas“TypeT”,withthe“T”standingfor“thrill”.主語謂語賓語介詞賓語介詞賓語賓補(bǔ)本句為簡單句。主干為:Herefersto...as...【考點(diǎn)一】refersto...as...結(jié)構(gòu)，含義為“把……稱作……；稱呼……為……”?！究键c(diǎn)二】“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】referto指的是；參考，參看；涉及，談及standfor代表；象征；表示；是…的縮寫Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.(P68)研究還表明，我們對于冒險的渴望與我們期待從中獲得多少收益有關(guān)?！揪涫浇馕觥縯hat引導(dǎo)賓語從句Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpecttobenefitfromtheresult.主語謂語主語定語謂語(to)介詞賓語(howmuch引導(dǎo)賓語從句)本句為主從復(fù)合句；主句：Researchalsosuggests(that...).【考點(diǎn)一】Researchalsosuggeststhat...“研究表明（顯示）……”。本文第4段中也有類似句型用法：Recentstudiesindicatethatrisktakingmaybepartofhumannature,withsomeofusmorelikelytotakerisksthanothers.?！究键c(diǎn)二】情態(tài)動詞被動結(jié)構(gòu)；介詞后接賓語，如果賓語由句子來充當(dāng)，即為賓語從句。即howmuch引導(dǎo)賓語從句?！究键c(diǎn)三】不定式作定語結(jié)構(gòu)。ourdesiretoseekrisks中不定式toseekrisks作定語修飾ourdesire?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】beconnectedto相當(dāng)于beconnectedwith/berelatedto，表示“與……有關(guān)”。expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事benefitfrom從……中受益8.Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.(P75)陽光可以照到了海面下三十英尺的地方，這股力量使我震驚?！揪涫浇馕觥縲hich引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句狀語Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.主語主謂賓定本句是一個主從復(fù)合句；主句：Thelightastonishedmebyitspower.定語從句：which引導(dǎo)【考點(diǎn)一】which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞light（作主語）。【考點(diǎn)二】mostofthemJewish為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)“代詞＋形容詞”。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)是由一個相當(dāng)于主語的名詞或代詞（邏輯主語）加上非謂語動詞、形容詞（副）詞、或介詞短語構(gòu)成的一種獨(dú)立成分?！驹~塊點(diǎn)撥】lightn.光；光源；光線；照明v.照亮；照明；使明亮；點(diǎn)燃adj.輕的；輕便的；少量的；輕柔的astonish使驚訝；使大為驚奇；使大吃一驚（近義詞：surprise,amaze,astound,startle,stun）【巧學(xué)助記】鞏固訓(xùn)練1．________(kick)awetfootballcanhurtyourfootifyouarenotcareful.2．Theteacherraisedhisvoicesothathecouldmadehimself________(hear)．3．Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohisbrother________(go)totheSummerPalace，theyhaven'tbeenbackyet.4．NotonlyhebutalsoI________(be)fondofplayingthepiano.5．Hemadehimself________(hear)byraisinghisvoice.6．Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmade________possibleforlifetodevelop.7．It'snouse________(lie)tome.Iwon'tbelieveyou.8．Shegavemea________(determine)look—thekindoflookthatsaidshewouldneverchangehermind.9．Whenthingsgowrong,allofusnaturallyfeel________(disappoint)andfrustrated.10．Hearingthe________(disappoint)news,hewastoosadtocontrolhimself.【答案】1.Kicking 2.heard 3.hasgone 4.am 5.heard6.it 7.lying 8.determined