外研版（2019）必修第一冊《Unit 2 Exploring English》2021年單元測試卷（附答案詳解）

夕卜研版（2019）必修第一冊《Unit2ExploringEnglish》

2021年單元測試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

ThesepeoplearestudyingEnglish.Howeventheyarenowfacingsomeproblems.

IamPablo.Iwork50hoursaweekasataxidriver,soItalkwithpeopleallday.Theyunderstand

me,butIknowImakealotofmistakes.Noonecorrectsme.Myvocabularyisstrong.Grammar

ismyproblem.I'mtryingtochangelittlebyliltle.Forexample.Idon'tusethepasttense（時

態(tài)）.1alwayssay,"Idrivehimtotheofficethismorning"insteadof"Idrovehimtotheoffice

thismorning".

MynameisMariaLuisa.I'mteachingmyselfEnglish,andI'mgoodatgrammar.However,itrs

reallydifficulttofindwaystopracticeEnglish.Iliveinanareawhereeveryonespeaksmy

language.MyneighboursandfriendsspeakSpanish.IcanspeakSpanishinthesupermarketand

atthepostoffice.

IamLiPing.Iunderstandthegrammarandthereadingsinmyclassand【thinkmywritingis

good,butI'mverynervouswhenIspeakEnglish.Idon'twanttomakeanymistakesbecauseI'm

afraidpeoplewillthinkthatI'mstupid.Also,mypronunciationisn'tgood.WhcnIspeak,people

oftensay,"What?Saythatagain.0

IamYoshi.IhavebeenintheUnitedStatesfbroneyear.I'mstudyinghardandIknowgrammar

wcll.butthevocabularyisverydifficult.WhcnIlisten,!don'tunderstandmanyofthe

words.WhenItrytoread,therearethreeorfournewwordsineverysentence.Ifeel

discouraged.

1.WhatwouldbethebestadviceforMariaLuisa?

A.Trytohaveawidevocabulary.

B.Developagoodknowledgeofgrammar.

C.ReadasmanyEnglishbooksaspossible.

D.MakefriendswithEnglish-speakingpeople.

2.WhydopeoplefindithardtounderstandLiPing'sEnglish?

A.Shecan'tpronouncewordsinEnglishcorrectly.

B.Shespeaksataveryfastspeed.

C.Hergrammaristerrible.

D.Hervoiceisverylow.

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutYoshi?

A.HewasbornintheUnitedStates.

B.Hehasaverysmallvocabulary.

C.HehaslearnedEnglishforyears.

D.Heisverygoodatlistening.

B

IntheU.S.,speakingmorethanonelanguagefluentlyisnotverycommonexceptinLos

Angeles,California.

ThecityhasoneofthelargestpopulationintheU.S.ofyoungpeoplebetweentheagesof18

and34.Thisgenerationisoftencalledmillennials（千禧一代）.Morethanhalfofmillennials

inLosAngelesarebilingual（雙語的），whichmeanstheyspeakmorethanonelanguage.

MariaElenaBurgosiscookingaMexicanbreakfast.ShesaysmakingMexicanfoodisjustone

ofthemanytraditionsinherhome.AnotherisspeakingSpanishtoherchildren.

"WewantthemtobebilinguaLWewanttokeeptheSpanishsomewhereintheirlearning

too,notonlyathome."

WhenMsBurgosfirstcametotheUnitedStatesfromMexico,shelearnedEnglish.Sheknew

herchildrenwouldlearnEnglishquickly.SoshewantedthemtospeakSpanishathomeand

studythelanguageatschool.

Shesaysbeingbilingualwillgivethemmoreopportunitiesinthefuture.KnowingSpanishalso

meansthechildrencantalkwiththeirrelativesinMexico.

"Whenwehadourchildren,oneofthedecisionsweasparentsmadewastonamethemwitha

namethatwaseasilypronouncedinEnglishandSpanish.

Elizabethwantstoknowherfamily'sculture."Theculture-togobacktoourrootsbecause

that'spartofwhoweare."

Monicawantstopassontheculturetoherchildren.

"Ifsnicetoknowourcultureandthentobeabletopassitontoourchildrenandgrandchildren

andeveryonetoletthemknowwherewecomefrom."

And,MonicasaysshedoesnotspeakonlyEnglishandSpanish.Shehasevenlearnedsome

Koreaninschool.

4.WhichofthefollowingisatraditionofMaria?

第2頁，共20頁

A.Cookingbreakfastforherrelatives.

B.TalkingwithherchildreninSpanish.

C.TalkingwithherrelativesinSpanish.

D.ForcingherchildrentospeakSpanish.

5.WhatcanbeinferredfromMonica'swords?

A.Shedoesn'tcarewhereshecomesfrom.

B.ShelooksforwardtolearningSpanish.

C.Everyoneshouldknowhisownculture.

D.Shedoesn'tlikeAmericanculture.

6.Whichofthefollowingismentionedaboutchildrenspeakingmorelanguages?

A.Itcangivechildrenmorechancesinthefuture.

B.Itcanmakechildrenfeelproudbeforetheirfriends.

C.Itcangivethechildrenachancetogotoagoodcollege.

D.Itcanletchildrengototheplaceswheretheywanttogo.

7.What'sthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.Toentertainthereaderswithafunnystory.

B.Toinformthereadersofashockingexperimentresult.

C.Toencouragemorepersonstolearnasecondlanguage.

D.TotellatruththatmanypeopleinLosAngelesarebilingual.

c

Wedonotusuallythinkabouthowourlanguageworks.Talkingissuchanatural,everyday

activitythatwedonotoftenstoptoconsiderhowitactuallyworks.Whenwedostudyour

language,though,weareoftensurprisedthatweareabletounderstandourconversations.Words

canmeansomanydifferentthings.However,itturnsoutthatthespeakingsituationhelpsalotin

makinglanguagework.

First,thespeakingsituationhelpsmakewordsmoreparticular.Forexample,theword"dog"can

describeadogthataspeakersawinadream.ltcanalsobeusedtodiscussaneighbor'sdog.No

languagehasaseparatewordfortheidea"dogthatIsawyesterday1'andanotherwordforthe

idea"dogthatIsawinadream".Thisisbecausethespeakingsituationmakesitclearwhat

speakersmeanwhentheyusewords.So,whenyouhaveaconversationwithyourfriend,the

knowledgethatyourneighborhasadogtellsyourfriendwhattheword"dog"probablymeans

inthatsituation.

Thespeakingsituationalsohelpsmakelanguageclearer.Forexample,theword"bank"hastwo

possiblemeanings.ltcanmean"aplacewherepeoplekeepmoney”,butitcanalsomean”the

sideofariver".Sothesentence"Iwenttothebank"isnotclear.ltcouldmean"Iwenttotheside

ofariver"oritcouldmean"Iwenttotheplacewheremymoneyiskept".However,ifthe

speakeristalkingaboutfishingorgoingtothemountains,othcrsprobablyknowthat"bank**

means"thesideofariver".

Thethingsthatspeakerssaymaynotalwaysbeclear.Sometimesthewordsarenotvery

particular,butthespeakingsituationcanprovidethemeaning.Othertimeswordsmayhave

manymeanings.Thenthespeakingsituationlimitstherightmeaning.Thisextraknowledge

fromthesituationisveryimportanttounderstandlanguage.

8.Accordingtothepassage,wecansafelysaythat.

A.aspeakingsituationdoesnotaffectthemeaningofwords

B.speakingisnotverynaturalformostpeople

C.aspeakingsituationisnotimportant

D.peopleoftendonotconsiderhowtalkingworks

9.Byusingtheexampleoftheword"dog",thewriterwantstoshowthat.

A.awordmayneedtobeexplainedinaconversation

B.awordmayhavedifferentmeanings

C.thespeakingsituationhelpspeopleunderstandtheparticularmeaningofaword

D.themeaningofwordsisnotparticular

10.Accordingtothepassage,wecanknowthemeaningoftheword"bank"byreferringto

A.thetimeandtheplacewheretheconversationhappens

B.theoccupationofthepersonwhousestheword

C.earlierorlaterpartsoftheconversation

D.areliabledictionary

11.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.thebesttimeandplacetotalktoothers

B.howthespeakingsituationhelpslanguagework

C.whattosayindifferentsituations

D.howourlanguageworks

D

第4頁，共20頁

Americanswearblackformourning（哀悼）whileChinesewearwhitc.Wcsternersthinkof

dragonsasmonsters.ChinesehonorthemassymbolsofGod.Chinesecivilizationhasoften

shownsuchpolarities（對立）withtheWest,asthougheachstandsatextremeendsofaglobal

string.NowintheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,apsychologist,hasdiscovereddeeper

polaritiesbetweenChineseandAmericancultures-polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwe

reasonanddiscovertruth.

HisfindingsgofartowardexplainingwhyAmericanculturesseemtobeaggressiveand

Chineseculturessopassive,whencomparedtoeachother.Moreimportantly,theresearchopens

thewayforthepeoplesoftheEastandtheWesttolearnfromeachotherinbasicways.The

ChinesecouldlearnmuchfromWesternmethodsfordeterminingscientifictruth,saidKaiping

Peng,aformerBeijingScholar,whoisnowaUCBerkeleyassistantprofessorof

psychology.AndAmericanscouldprofitenormouslyfromtheChinesetoleranceforaccepting

contradictionsinsocialandpersonallife,hesaid.

"Americanshaveaterribleneedtofindoutwhoisrightinanargument,"saidPeng."The

problemisthatattheinterpersonallevelyoureallydon*tneedtofindthetruth,ormaybethere

isn'tany.'1"Chinesepeople/'saidPeng,"arefarmorecontenttothinkthatbothsideshave

advantagesanddisadvantages,becausetheyhaveawholeawarenessthatlifeisfullof

contradictions.""TheydofarlessblamingoftheindividualthanAmericansdo."headded.

Instudiesofinterpersonalargumcnt,forexample,whensubjectswereaskedtodealwith

contradictoryinformationresultingfromconflictbetweenamotherandadaughterorastudent

andaschool,PengfoundthatAmericanswere"non-compromising（折中）,blamingone

side-usuallythemother-fbrthecausesoftheproblems,demandingchangesfromoneside

toattainasolutionandofferingnocompromise"indealingwiththeconflict.Comparedtothis

angry,blamingAmericanmethod,theChinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise,finding

faultonbothsidesandlookingforsolutionsthatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.

12.InParagraph1,theauthorsetsexamplesinorderto.

A.exposethecontradictionbetweenChineseandAmericans

B.showthedifferencesbetweenChinesecultureandAmericanculture

C.findthereasonforthedifferences

D.generalizethemainideaofthepassage

13.IntheopinionofPeng,comparedwithAmericans,Chineseare.

A.likelytofindthetruthinlife

B.unwillingtoadmittheirownfailure

C.unwillingtohaveageneralideaofthings

D.likelytoknowadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthings

14.Thestudiesshow.

A.anAmericantreatshisorhermotherbadly

B.differentideasoftreatingtheaged

C.differentpersonalityofChineseandAmericans

D.differenthobbiesofAmericansandChinese

15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.PolaritiesbetweenAmericanandChinesecultures.

B.Extremeendsofthestring.

C.Differentattitudestowardstheaged.

D.Differentmannersinsocialoccasions.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

Inourlifemostpeoplelikegreenandgreenisanimportantcolorinnature.ltisthecolorof

mostgrowingplants.Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,fresh,andgrowing.(1)

Forexample,agreenhornissomeonewhohasnoexperience,whoisnewtoasituation.Inthe

15thcentury,agreenhornwasayoungcoworoxwhosehornshadnotyetdeveloped.(2)Bythe

18thcentury,agreenhornhadthemeaningithastoday--apersonwhoi$newinajob.

About100yearsago,greenhornwasapopularexpressionintheAmericanwest.(3)The

greenhornlackedtheskillshewouldneedtoliveinthehard,roughcountry.

Someonewhohastheabilitytogrowplantswellissaidtohaveagreenthumb.(4)

Apersonwithgreenthumbseemstomaketheplantsgrowquicklyandwell.Youmightsaythat

thewomannextdoorhadagreenthumbifhergardencontinuestogrowlongafteryourplants

havedied.

Greenisalsousedtodescribetheunpleasantemotion,jealousy.Thegreen-eyedmonsterisnota

frighteningcreaturefromouterspace.ltisanexpressionusedabout400yearsagobyWilliam

ShakespeareinhisplayOthello.(5)Ayoungmanmaysufferfromthegreen-eyedmonsterif

hisgirlfriendbeginsgoingoutwithsomeoneelse.Or,thatgreen-eyedmonstermayaffectyour

friendifyougetapayraiseandshedoesnot.

第6頁，共20頁

A.Theplantsproducedmuchlargercrops.

B.Theexpressioncomesfromtheearly1900s.

C.Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeorfinished.

D.Later,itmeantasoldierwhohadnotyethadanyexperienceinbattle.

E.Itwasusedtodescribeamanwhohadjustarrivedfromoneofthebigcities.

F.Itwastheresultofhardworkbyagriculturalscientistswhohadgreenthumbs.

G.Ildescribestheunpleasantfeelingapersonhaswhensomeonehassomethinghewants.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15.0分)

OnthefirstdayofmyschoollifeintheUSA,Ishowedagreatinterestirmarketingclass(營

銷課).Myteacher,MrsTolman,suggested1(2l)amarketingclubcalledDECAattracting

studentswithtalentandinterestin(22).SoIdid.

Thefirst(23)wastocollectmoneyforthemarketingcompetitionbysellingcandlcs.Mrs

Tolmansaidthecompetitionwasdueinaweek.

Atthebeginning,!triedtosellcandlestomyhostmom.ShesaidthatifIcould(24Confidence

anddoawonderfulsalespresentation,shewouldbuysome.ThenIintroducedthecandlesand

thespecialsalesIcouldofferand(25)herthatourcandleswereperfectforgiftsandhome

decorations.Finallysheboughtthree.Greatly(26)Idecidedtosellthemintheneighborhood.On

Saturdaymoming,withgreatcourage,!knockedatthedoorofmyfirstpotentialbuyer.

"I'mastudentandweare(27)monevforDECA.I'mtryingtosell..."

"Nottoday,sorry,"themanstoppedmeand(28)thedoor.Embarrassed,Iwalkedawayandsaid

tomyselfthe(29)thingthatmighthappenwasbeingrefusedlikethatagain.Icouldn'teven

counthowmanytimesIwas(30)withreasonslike"Nottoday"or"Idon'thave

any(31)monev".(32),Ihadtocontinue.Final!y,awomankindlybought$60worthofcandles.

Aftera(33)hardwork,Iturnedinmy$408.1was(34)tofindoutIwasthesecondhighestseller

inallclasses.

NowIlookbackonthisexperiencewithsatisfaction,andIfeelgladthatIdidnot(35)infaceof

difficulties.

21.A.holdB.joinC.buildD.attend

22.A.businessB.EnglishC.mathD.sports

23.A.chanceB.wayC.challengeD.choice

24.A.expressB.expectC.makeD.show

25.A.commandedB.persuadedC.explainedD.requested

26.A.satisfiedB.disappointedC.shockedD.encouraged

27.A.lendingB.raisingC.relumingD.boilowing

28.A.openedB.knockedC.brokeintoD.shut

29.A.worstB.uneasyC.bestD.tiring

30.A.forbiddenB.allowedC.refusedD.demanded

31.A.smallB.extraC.littleD.left

32.A.ThereforeB.SoC.HoweverD.For

33.A.week'sB.hour'sC.day'sD.month's

34.A.puzzledB.surprisedC.calmD.lucky

35.A.giveawayB.giveoutC.giveoffD.givein

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.WhenIwasyoungIhatedlanguages.Mydadspokeseveralandwasambitiousforme.It

wasnotuntilmy(1)(graduate)fromhighschool(2)Iconsideredlearning(3)second

language—Spanish.

Iwasworkinginaschoolfordisabledchildreninaclassofsix.Onlytwochildrencould

speak,butIrealized(4)(gradual)thateverychildcouldcommunicate.Someofthemused

physicalsignsandmovements⑸(express)themselves.Othersused(heirvoices—they

madenoiseswhichchangeddepending(6)howtheyfelt.Theyeven"talked"toeachother,

⑺(have)argumentsandfriendlychatslikeanyoneelse.Everychildinthatroomhad

likesanddislikes,desiresand⑻(fear)thattheycommunicatedeveryday,without

sayingasinglesentence.

第8頁，共20頁

Astimewenton,IlearnednotonlySpanishbutthelanguageofeveryoneofthechildrenI

caredfor.Ihadbeenmakingexcusesfornottryingalltheseyearsandhere⑼(be)a

groupofdisabledchildrenshowingmehowimportantcommunicationreallyis.ltmade

mewanttochallenge(10)(I)andreallylearnSpanish.

五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）

37.假如你是李華，去年你和父母第一次到美國旅游，因為

“restroom"和“WC”的誤解，發(fā)生了趣事。請你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)

容寫一篇80詞左右的小故事。

1.餐館吃飯，尋找WC；

2.服務生提醒沒有WC,有restroom；

3.你的感悟。

38.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Someexpertsarguethefactthatalmostoneinfourteensisconstantlyonlineisa

dangerousthing,yetIbelievethatit'sanopportunity.Technologybringsusclosertogether

andcanhelpusineverydayliferatherthanreplacingfriendswithscreens.

First,!believethattechnologytakestheembarrassmentoutofface-to-facecontact,as

talkingtosomeonemaymakeyouuncomfortable.Youcouldnotsaywhatisonyour

mind.Amuchsimplerwayofcommunicatingisthroughtcxts.Bytextingaperson,thereis

noresistance(抵抗)towhatyouaretryingtosay.Youareabletoreviseyourwordsbefore

yousendthem,hopefullynotsayingsomethingyouwilllaterregretorthatcouldhurt

someone'sfeelings.Apartfrommakingfriendsface-to-face,thereareotherwaysof

interactionusingtechnology.Technologycanhelpbondpeopletogetherbyshowing

similarinterests.

Second,technologycanhelpfriendsandfamilykeepintouch.Whenmomentstogetherare

notwithinreach,thenextbestthingistousetechnologytocatchuponeachother'slifeand

sharepreciousmomentsthroughvideosandcalls.Theabilitytoplaybackamemoryona

screenisamazing,somethingthatcanbecherishedandkeptforever.

Somemayarguetechnologyistheproblemintheworld,butIdonol.Ibelievethat

technologyhelpsyouescapetheevilandpressureintheworldandhastheabilitytolet

youcreateyourownworldwherewhatotherssayorthinkdoesn'tmatter.Afterastressful

time,technologyistheretohelpyoucommunicateandremindyouwhatyoushouldbe

gratefulfor,orjustmakeyourdayalittlebetter.

Inconclusion,!believethatnotonlyistechnologynotreplacingfriendswithscreensbut

it'sactuallybringingusclosertogetherandestablishingrelationshipsamong

tcens.Overall,!believethistopicmakestheworldabetterplacebymakingiteasierto

createfriends,andmakeotherwiselostfriendskeepintouch.

第10頁，共20頁

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】B

【解析】(1)D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格第二欄中TmteachingmyselfEnglish,andI'mgood

atgrammar.However,it'sreallydifficulttofindwaystopracticeEnglish.]liveinanareawhere

everyonespeaksmylanguage.MyneighborsandfriendsspeakSpanish.IcanspeakSpanishin

thesupermarketandatthepostoffice.

(我正在自學英語，我擅長語法。然而，真的很難找到練習英語的方法。我住在一個人

人都說我的語言的地區(qū)。我的鄰居和朋友都說西班牙語。我能在超市和郵局說西班牙語)

”可知，對MariaLuisa最好的建議是與說英語的人交朋友。故詵D。

(2)A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)表格第三欄中"Also,mypronunciationisn'lgood.WhenI

speak,peopleoftensay,'What?Saythatagain,.(還有，我的發(fā)音不

好。當我說話時，人們經(jīng)常說：'什么？請再說一遍)”可知，人們覺得很難理解李

平的英語，是因為她不能正確地發(fā)出英語單詞的發(fā)音。故選A。

(3)B.細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段中的"…thevocabularyisverydifficult.WhenI

listen,???newwordsineverysentence.但是詞匯很難。當我聽的時

候，很多單詞我都聽不懂。當我試著讀的時候，每個句子里都有三四個生詞。我感到沮

喪。“可知，Yoshi的英文詞匯貧乏，故選B項。

這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了四個人在學習英語時所遇到的一些困難。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析。

4.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】A【小題4】D

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。第三段最后一句AnotherisspeakingSpanishtoherchildren.

（另一個是對她的孩子說西班牙語。）可知，Maria在家和他的孩子用西班牙語交流，

是她家的傳統(tǒng)之一。故選B。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段和倒數(shù)第二段Monicawantstopassonthecultureto

herchildren."Il'snicetoknowourcultureandthentobeabletopassitontoourchildrenand

grand-childrenandeveryonetoletthemknowwherewecomefrom."（莫妮卡想把這種文化

傳給她的孩子。”很高興知道我們的文化，然后能夠把它傳遞給我們的孩子、孫子和每

個人，讓他們知道我們來自哪里。可知，Monica認為知道自己的文化是很好的一件

事，并能夠把這種文化傳遞給下一代。也就是她認為每個人都應該了解自己的文化。故

選C。

（3）A.細節(jié)理解題。第六段第一句有Shesaysbeingbilingualwillgivethemmore

opportunitiesinthefuture.（她說雙語會給他們未來更多的機會。）可以知道，Burgos覺

得雙語能讓孩子們在未來有更多的機會。故選A。

（4）D.寫作意圖題。整篇文章就是通過舉例的方式來說明在美國洛杉磯有許許多多的

人學習雙語的這么一個事實。文章的第二段里也提出了這樣一種情況：Morethanhalfof

millennialsinLosAngelesarebilingual（雙語的），whichmeansthey

speakmorethanonelanguage.（洛杉磯超過一半的千禧一代會說雙語，

這意味著他們會說不止一種語言。）。由此可知，這篇文章的目的是講述一個事實，洛

杉磯很多人都是雙語的。故選D。

本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀理解。文章介紹了美國洛杉磯的千禧一代會說多種語言的事

情，并通過舉例說明這種現(xiàn)象背后的原因。

考查社會文化類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正

確的選擇。

8.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】B

第12頁，共20頁

【解析】(1)D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段

Talkingissuchanatural,everydayactivitythatwedonotoftenstoptoconsiderhowitactuall

yworks.談話是一種自然的日常活動，我們不經(jīng)常停下來思考它是如何工作的?？芍?，

我們總是放心的說人們通常不考慮談話的方式，故選Do

(2)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段

First,thespeakingsituationhelpsmakewordsmoreparticular.Forexample,theword"dog"ca

ndescribeadogthataspeakersawinadream.Ilcanalsobeusedtodiscussaneighbor'sdog.

Nolanguagehasaseparatewordfortheidea"dogthatIsawyesterday"andanotherwordfor

theidea"dogthatIsawinadream".Thisisbecausethespeakingsituationmakesitclearwha

lspeakersmeanwhentheyusewords.首先，說話的情況有助于使單詞更具體。例如，"狗

”一詞可以描述說話者在夢中看到的狗。它也可以用來討論鄰居的狗。沒有一種語言對”

我昨天看到的狗“和“我在夢中看到的狗”有單獨的詞這是因為說話的情景清楚地表明了

說話者在使用詞語時的意思。可知，通過使用“狗”這個詞的例子，作者希望表明說話情

境有助于人們理解單詞的特定含義，故選C。

(3)C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段

Forexample,theword"bank"hastwopossiblemeanings.ltcanmean"aplacewherepeoplek

eepmoney",

butitcanalsomean"thesideofariver”.Sothesentence"Iwenttothebank"isnotclear.ltco

uldmean"Iwenttothesideofariver"oritcouldmean"Iwenttotheplacewheremymoney

iskept".However,ifthespeakeristalkingaboutfishingorgoingtothemountains,othersprob

ablyknowthatMbank"means"thesideofariver".例如，"銀行"一詞有兩種可能的含義。它

可以表示“人們存錢的地方”，但也可以表示“河邊“。因此，"我去了限行”一句不清楚。

它可以表示“我去了河邊”，也可以表示“我去了存錢的地方”然而，如果演講者談論的是

釣魚或上山，其他人可能知道“bank”的意思是“河邊"。可知，我們可以從一段對話的前

半句或后半句來推測得出單詞“bank”的含義，故選Co

(4)B.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段

Wedonotusuallythinkabouthowourlanguageworks.Talkingissuchanatural,everydayact

ivilythatwedonotoftenstoptoconsiderhowitactuallyworks.Whenwedostudyourlangu

age,though,weareoftensurprisedthatweareabletounderstandourconversations.Wordscan

meansomanydifferentthings.However,itturnsoutthatthespeakingsituationhelpsalotin

makinglanguagework.我們通常不去思考我們的語言是如何工作的。談話是一種自然的

日常活動，我們不停下來考慮它實際上是如何工作的。然而，當我們研究語言時，我們

常常會驚訝于我們能夠理解我們的談話。演講情境對語言的運用有很大幫助?？芍?/p>

文主要講述了語境是如何幫助語言工作，故選B。

本文是一篇社會文化類閱讀，主要講述了語境是如何幫助語言工作的。

閱讀題型，要注重句子與句子之間、段落與段落之間邏輯關(guān)系以及對篇章的整體理解,

根據(jù)所給問題選擇正確選項完成試題。

12.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】C【小題4】A

【解析】（1）B.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第一段NowintheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,a

psychologist,hasdiscovereddeeperpolaritiesbetweenChineseandAmerican

cultures—polaritiesthatgototheheartofhowwereasonanddiscovertruth.（現(xiàn)在,加1州大

學伯克利分校的一位心理學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了中美文化之間更深層次的差異-這種差異直指我們

推理和發(fā)現(xiàn)真相的核心。）可知作者用例子來說明中美文化差異。故選B。

（2）D.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第三段"Chinesepeople,1'saidPeng,"arefarmorecontentto

thinkthatbothsideshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages,becausetheyhaveawholeawareness

thatlifeisfullofcontradictions."「'中國人，"彭說，”更滿足于認為雙方都有優(yōu)點和缺點，

因為他們有一個完整的意識，生活充滿了矛盾。"）可知，中國人善于全面考慮問題.而

文中沒有提到B（不愿承認失?。?。故選D。

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文第四段Comparedtothisangry,blamingAmericanmethod,the

Chinesewereparagons（模范）ofcompromise,findingfaultonbothsidesandlookingfor

solutionsihatmovedbothsidestothemiddle.（與這種憤怒、指責的美國式方式相比，中

國人是妥協(xié)的典范，他們在雙方身上都找錯了地方，并尋找讓雙方都折中的解決方案。）

關(guān)于中美處理母女矛盾方式差異的調(diào)查，可知這是中美兩國人處理問題的不同態(tài)度和個

性。故選C。

（4）A.主旨大意題?？v觀全文，文章討論的是中美文化的差異。A.Polaritiesbetween

AmericanandChinesecultures.（中美文化的差異。）符合題意。故選A。

文章討論的是中美文化的差異，分別從幾個方面來闡群兩國的文化內(nèi)涵的不同。

做這類閱讀理解，要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相

關(guān)語句進行仔細分析，結(jié)合選項選出正確答案。

第14頁，共20頁

16.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】E【小題4】B【小題5】G

【解析】(1)C.文章銜接題。根據(jù)前文Itisthecolorofmostgrowingplants.Sometimes,the

wordgreenmeansyoung,fresh,andgrowing.可知它是大多數(shù)植物的顏色，有時"綠色"這個

詞意味著年輕、新鮮和生長。C項：Sometimes,itdescribessomethingthatisnotyetripeor

finished.有時，它描述一些尚未成熟或完成的東西，符合文意，故選C