專題11完形填空（4大易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)突破）-2024年中考英語(yǔ)考試易錯(cuò)題

2024年中考英語(yǔ)滿分沖刺之易錯(cuò)題輕松突破專題11完形填空新題自測(cè)新題自測(cè)【2023年上海中考二模黃浦區(qū)】Choosethebestanswerandpletethepassage(選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)完成短文)Schoolismorethanaplacetolearn;itisalsoanopportunitytomakefriendsandexplorenewactivities.Astheschoolyearprogresses,therearemanywaysto___61_theactivitiesofferedbytheschool.Herearesomewaystogetstarted.Reachingouttoschoolactivities,clubs,andteamsisagreatwaytomeetnewpeopleandlearnabouttheschool'sneeds.Ifpossible,attendstudentcouncilmeetingsorjointheschoolnewspaperstaff.Itisagoodwaytolearnaboutthecurrent__62_andshareideasforimprovement.Studentscanconsiderstartingtheirownclubiftheschooldoesnothaveonethat___63_theirinterests.Schoolsusuallyhaveaprocessforrunningnewclubs,whichcanincludefindingateacheradvisor,pletingpaperworkwithanadult'shelp,andfindingatimeandplacetomeet.Identifyinganeedandtakingactionisagreatwayto__64__fortheschoolmunity.Studentscanthinkaboutwhatactivitiesmakethemhappyatschoolandconsiderwaystomakethembetter_65___,organizingafoodsaletobuysportsequipmentorplanningagroupprojecttopaintthehallwaywallcanhelptoimprovetheschoolenvironment.Beingkindandthankfultoothersisofgreatimportanceincreatingapositiveatmosphereatschool.Youshouldrespecttherulessetbyteachersandexpressthankswhenhelpedbyothers.An__66___attitudecangoalongwayincreatingawelingenvironmentatschool.Therearemanythingsforstudentstodotomakeadifferenceandimprovetheirschoolexperience.Canyouworkoutmoreideasforbetterschoollife?61.A.getusedtoB.getreadyfor C.takecareof D.takeadvantageof 62.A.events B.exams C.games D.lessons 63.A.builds B.matches C.kills D.protects 64.A.apply B.hunt C.volunteer D.prepare 65.A.What'smoreB.Forexample C.Evenworse D.Infact 66.A.open B.effective C.honest D.active [答案]61.D62.A63.B64.C65.B66.D[導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文主要介紹了利用學(xué)校的開展的活動(dòng)的一些方法。61.句意:在學(xué)年進(jìn)行的過程中，有許多辦法來利用學(xué)校提供的一些活動(dòng)。getusedto習(xí)慣:getreadyfor為...…做好準(zhǔn)備:takecareof照顧:takeadvantageof利用。根據(jù)“itisalsoanopportunitytomakefriendsandexplorenewactivities."可知學(xué)校的活動(dòng)不僅可以交友也可以探索新的活動(dòng)。此處談到要好好利用這些活動(dòng)，故選D.62.句意:這是一個(gè)了解實(shí)事和分享改善意見的好辦法。events事件:exams考試:games游戲:lessons課程。根據(jù)“current...”可知加入學(xué)生會(huì)能了解實(shí)事。故選A.63.句意:學(xué)生可以考慮開啟他們自己的俱樂部，如果學(xué)校沒有一個(gè)能夠符合他們興趣的。builds建立:matches匹配:kills殺:protects保護(hù)。根據(jù)“...theirinterests”可知是指俱樂部和他們的興趣相匹配。故選B。64.句意:識(shí)別到需要并且采取行動(dòng)，是一個(gè)在學(xué)校社區(qū)當(dāng)中做志愿的很好的辦法。apply申請(qǐng):hunt打獵:volunteer做志愿:prepare準(zhǔn)備。根據(jù)“Studentscanthinkaboutwhatactivitiesmakethemhappyatschoolandconsiderwaystomakethembetter."可知此處是做志愿者的內(nèi)容，故選C。65.句意:例如組織一場(chǎng)食物售賣來買運(yùn)動(dòng)器材，或者計(jì)劃一個(gè)群體項(xiàng)目去粉刷走廊墻壁可以幫助改善校園環(huán)境。What'smore此外:Forexample例如:Evenworse更糟糕的是:Infact事實(shí)上。根據(jù)“Studentscanthinkaboutwhatactivitiesmakethemhappyatschoolandconsiderwaystomakethembetter."及"organizingafoodsaletobuysportsequipmentorplanningagroupprojecttopaintthehallwaywallcanhelptoimprovetheschoolenvironment."可知后者是提供的具體的例子來做志愿者活動(dòng)。故選B.66.句意:一個(gè)積極的態(tài)度可以在創(chuàng)造一個(gè)受歡迎的校園環(huán)境上走得很遠(yuǎn)，open開放的:effective有效的:honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的:active積極的。根據(jù)“Beingkindandthankfultoothersisofgreatimportanceincreatingapositiveatmosphereatschool.”可知?jiǎng)?chuàng)造積極的校園氛圍很重要，故選D。完形填空完形填空完形填空是英語(yǔ)考試中一項(xiàng)重要的考查內(nèi)容。完形填空也是一種綜合能力測(cè)試題，是對(duì)學(xué)生語(yǔ)法、詞匯、句型、閱讀能力、理解能力和邏輯推理能力的一種多方位的檢測(cè)。按照考試大綱要求，通常在一篇200詞左右的難度適中的文章中留出6個(gè)空白，要求學(xué)生從所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，使補(bǔ)足的短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。完形填空題的兩空之間一般相隔710個(gè)詞，短文第一個(gè)句子一般不設(shè)填空題。1、上下文直接信息題。2、詞義辨析題。3、詞、句、意結(jié)合題。4、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)和固定短語(yǔ)考查題。5、行文邏輯和全文中心把握題。對(duì)于完形填空，通常做題者從總體上把握文章主旨，接受作者所傳達(dá)的信息與情感，針對(duì)完形填空，提出了各種多層次、全方位的理解技法，其中以總體把握法、詞語(yǔ)搭配法、語(yǔ)法判定法、語(yǔ)境聯(lián)想法、舉例對(duì)比法最為重要。1.語(yǔ)法1.考查要點(diǎn)1.語(yǔ)法1.考查要點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法是完形填空的主要考察點(diǎn)。完形填空中的語(yǔ)法題涉及的內(nèi)容包括：名詞詞形（單復(fù)數(shù)變形，名詞的可數(shù)和不可數(shù)）動(dòng)詞詞形（時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)，語(yǔ)氣，分詞，動(dòng)名詞，不定式）結(jié)構(gòu)搭配（詞組介詞的搭配）主謂一致比較級(jí)冠詞以及不定代詞完形填空中的語(yǔ)法，尤其考察同學(xué)們對(duì)于語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)的熟悉程度。對(duì)于這類題目，同學(xué)們需要多積累和歸納，在日常的學(xué)習(xí)和練習(xí)過程中，需要更加有意識(shí)地去識(shí)記語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)。例1：Theyjusthadnorespect_____humanlifeatall.A.withB.ofC.forD.to這里考察的是respect的固定介詞搭配。根據(jù)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，尊敬某人表達(dá)為haverespectforsb.因此這里選C，這樣子的題，甚至都不需要讀懂文章。例2：Askyourfriendsorparentstosave_____envelopesforyou.A.usedB.usingC.wastedD.good2.詞匯2.詞匯詞匯題一般考實(shí)義詞，包括名詞，形容詞，副詞。出題方向包括這些詞匯的同義詞，反義詞，還包括易混詞的辨析等。常出現(xiàn)的考察點(diǎn)是，動(dòng)詞搭配不同的介詞，會(huì)有不同的釋義。遇到這類詞匯題，需要同學(xué)們準(zhǔn)確想出詞匯的意思，避免混淆和模棱兩可。例如：Wewilllookoutforeachotherandthat'showwewill_____thisdifficulty.A.getawayB.getoffC.getoutD.getthroughgetaway表示離開；逃脫getoff脫下；動(dòng)身去某地getout離開；出去getthrough度過，熬過（困難時(shí)期等）3.語(yǔ)篇3.語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)篇是完形填空考察的重點(diǎn)。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的特點(diǎn)，使得英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇連接十分緊密。這一考點(diǎn)要求學(xué)生對(duì)文章的整體有一個(gè)全面的了解，根據(jù)文章的段落結(jié)構(gòu)以及內(nèi)容的邏輯順序，來選擇答案。語(yǔ)篇題涉及大量過渡詞及連詞的用法。例如：表原因：because,becauseof,thanksto,dueto,resultfrom,since,onaccountof/that表結(jié)果：consequently,asaresult,thus,hence,therefore表轉(zhuǎn)折：but,yet,anyway,nevertheless,however表補(bǔ)充：also,besides,further,moreover,additionally,inaddition,furthermore例如：Ican’tbelieveshedidit16.She’saverybravelittlegirlandweareallveryproudofher.A.AnywayB.OtherwiseC.BesidesD.Furthermore這句話的意思是我無法相信她這么做了。____，她是一個(gè)勇敢的小女孩，我們都以她為驕傲。很明顯，根據(jù)作者的語(yǔ)氣，可以判斷這里前后句存在著轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。而四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，表示轉(zhuǎn)折的有anyway但是，所以選A。1.總——總讀全文，了解大意2.知識(shí)梳理1.總——總讀全文，了解大意2.知識(shí)梳理要著眼大局，速讀全文。用略讀方式快速瀏覽全文，從語(yǔ)篇整體上了解文章的主題、文體特征，找出作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、思路。(1)利用標(biāo)題、段首句或首段最大限度地獲取信息。(2)把握文章發(fā)展的基本線索，搞清段落和句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系。表示列舉的連詞：first,second,third...表示原因的連詞:：because,since...2.分——分個(gè)攻破，瞻前顧后2.分——分個(gè)攻破，瞻前顧后逐句通讀全文，分個(gè)擊破，做到通讀與解析并行。對(duì)含義明顯的詞匯，固定搭配或習(xí)慣用法，常用句式等純知識(shí)問題，可以邊讀邊隨時(shí)解析出答案。3.總——總讀復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整3.總——總讀復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整檢查核實(shí)，通讀選定答案后的全文。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)別填空使文章文理不通，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)有問題，就說明選答不正確。(1)填空是否符合本句內(nèi)容，使上下文連貫，與全文意義相協(xié)調(diào)；(2)填空是否符合某種固定搭配；(3)填空是否符合某種句型、時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊要求；(4)填空和附近的詞有無特殊要求，如有些動(dòng)詞后面只接動(dòng)名詞而不能接不定式。3.解題步驟3.解題步驟通讀全文，掌握大意。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)初步弄清短文寫了些什么內(nèi)容。

2.瞻前顧后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容對(duì)空缺句子作合乎邏輯的推理。必須弄清空缺詞句的確切含義，空缺詞句與其前后句的意義銜接必須自然、合理，不可出現(xiàn)意義斷層或說東道西的情況，必須從空缺句的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)入手，從語(yǔ)法、詞語(yǔ)固定搭配、詞形變化等角度考慮，務(wù)必使所填的單詞準(zhǔn)確無誤。3.反復(fù)推敲，攻克難關(guān)。如果做不出來的話，可能要改變一下思路。如實(shí)詞多與文章的內(nèi)容直接相關(guān)，虛詞多與文章的連貫性或句子結(jié)構(gòu)直接相關(guān)，如果從內(nèi)容上實(shí)在看不出要填哪個(gè)單詞的話，應(yīng)考慮是否需要填介詞、連詞等。

4.驗(yàn)證答案，修正錯(cuò)誤，著重注意這幾點(diǎn)：

（1）文章是否順暢；

（2）所填單詞是否是最佳單詞；

（3）所填單詞是否有拼寫錯(cuò)誤。1.詞語(yǔ)搭配4.解題技巧1.詞語(yǔ)搭配4.解題技巧（1）從語(yǔ)法角度來說，句子不是詞的序列，而是詞組的序列。（2）因搭配關(guān)系而產(chǎn)生的一般性詞匯。如：seeafilm（3）詞序和意義皆以固定的復(fù)合詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。如：pushaheadwith(奮力前行)。因詞組而構(gòu)成的常見的句式：Itfeels+形容詞+不定式，在搭配判斷時(shí)，注意：要區(qū)別外形相近而意義不同的搭配。如：lookfor,lookover,lookout,lookafter,lookup等。要區(qū)別形不相似而意義相近的搭配。如：Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ittookthreementoliftthebox.句中都有“付出、花費(fèi)、需要”的意思。譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)似乎相通。但更要注意它們之間的搭配變化；要注意單個(gè)詞組的多義性。如：takeoff有“脫下(衣服)，(飛機(jī))起飛，匆匆離開，取下，休假等多種含意。2.語(yǔ)法判定2.語(yǔ)法判定（1）要注意出現(xiàn)頻率較高的詞類題，依次為動(dòng)詞、介詞、代詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞。選擇各類詞時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：a.名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致。b.動(dòng)詞的選用，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式。c.選擇介詞，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是與動(dòng)詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。d.選擇代詞，要注意性、數(shù)、格是否準(zhǔn)確。e.選擇連詞，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。f.選擇形容詞和副詞，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，用于比較時(shí)，還要注意詞形變化。（2）要注意句法題，搞清句子的種類、類型、省略和倒裝a.句子的種類包括陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。一般以考查疑問句、感嘆句的詞序?yàn)槎嘁?，其次是祈使句的零時(shí)態(tài)等。b.句子的類型有簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句和并列復(fù)合句。中考考查要點(diǎn)是在復(fù)合句里的狀語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和直接/間接引語(yǔ)，也考查簡(jiǎn)單的定語(yǔ)從句。c.句子的省略與倒裝很少考查，卻要看懂，不能引起對(duì)文章的曲解。（3）在語(yǔ)法適用方面，可以用擇優(yōu)法和排除法a.擇優(yōu)法是把各選項(xiàng)代入短文中，選出在詞義上符合要求，且在語(yǔ)法上又沒有語(yǔ)病的答案。b.排除法是在代入選項(xiàng)時(shí)如發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)單詞意義不對(duì)，或詞與詞搭配不妥，或存在語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，或與上下文有矛盾，則迅速排除不合適的選項(xiàng)，剩下的就是正確答案。3.例舉對(duì)比3.例舉對(duì)比在完形填空的多項(xiàng)選擇中，常常會(huì)遇到難以選擇的題目。需要調(diào)動(dòng)頭腦里的知識(shí)“儲(chǔ)備”，例舉熟知的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象與之相比較，再做出明智的選擇。1.提建議5.重點(diǎn)句型1.提建議5.重點(diǎn)句型had?better?(not)?do??最好(不)做?how?about?/?what?about?doing...???...怎么樣??I?think?you?should?do??我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該...?I?suggest?that?you?should?do??我建議你做...?If?I?were?you,I?would?do...??我要是你的話,我會(huì)做...?It`s?best?to?do??最好做...?2.表示喜歡和感興趣2.表示喜歡和感興趣like?/?love?doing??enjoy?doing?be?fond?of?doing??喜歡做...?be?keen?on?doing??喜歡做...?prefer?to?do?A?rather?than?do?B??寧愿做A也不愿做B?be?interested?in?doing?=?show?/?take?great?interest?in?doing??對(duì)...感興趣?3.努力做...3.努力做...try?to?do??努力做...?strive?to?do??努力做...?try?one`s?best?to?do?=?do?one`s?best?to?do??竭盡全力做...make?efforts?to?do?=?make?every?effort?to?do??盡力做...?do?what?sb.?can?(do)?to?do??盡力做...?spare?no?effort?to?do??不遺余力的做...?do?what?/?everything?sb.?can?to?do??盡某人全力做...?4.4.打算做.../?計(jì)劃做...intend?/?plan?to?do??打算做...?be?going?to?do??打算/?計(jì)算做...?decide?to?do??決定做...?determine?to?do??決定做...?be?determined?to?do??決定做...?make?up?one`s?mind?to?do??下定決心做...??5.5.表示想?/?希望want?to?do?=?would?like?to?do??想做?hope?to?do??希望做...?expect?to?do??期待著做...?wish?to?do??希望做...?consider?doing??考慮做...?6.6.只加doing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞finish??完成?/?practice??練習(xí)?/?suggest??建議?/?consider?考慮?/?mind?介意?/?enjoy?喜歡?doing固定搭配?look?forward?to?doing??盼望做...?keep?on?doing??堅(jiān)持做...?dream?of?doing??夢(mèng)想做...?can`t?help?doing??情不自禁做...?keep/stop/prevent?sb.from?doing??阻止某人做...?be?busy?(in)?doing?&?be?busy?with+?名詞??忙于做...?spend?time?/?money?(in)?doing?&?spend?time?/?money?on?+?名詞??花費(fèi)時(shí)間做...?have?fun?/?have?a?good?time?/?enjoy?oneself?doing??玩得開心?have?trouble?/?have?problem?/?have?difficulty?(in)?doing或with?+?名詞??做...有困難7.常用過渡語(yǔ)7.常用過渡語(yǔ)表起始的過渡語(yǔ):first?of?all,?to?begin?with,?in?my?opinion,?according?to,?so?far,?as?far?as等?表時(shí)間的過渡語(yǔ):first,?at?first,?then,?later,?in?the?end,?finally,afterwards,?after?that,?since?then,?for?the?first?time,?at?last,?as?soon?as,?the?next?moment,?meanwhile,?later?on,?soon,?finally等?表空間的過渡語(yǔ):on?the?right/left,?to?the?right/left?of,?on?one?side?of…?on?the?other?side?of…,?at?the?foot/top/end?of,?in?the?middle/centre?of,?next?to,?far?from,?in?front?of等?表因果的過渡語(yǔ):for,?because?of,?one?reason?is?that…?another?reason?is?that…,?thus,?so,?as?a?result?(of)?等?表轉(zhuǎn)折的過渡語(yǔ):but,?yet,?however,?after?all,?in?fact,?while,?on?the?contrary,?instead?of,?unlike,?although,?otherwise,nevertheless,?in?spite?of,?after?all等?表列舉的過渡語(yǔ):for?example,?such?as,?that?is,?like,?as?follows,?in?other?words,?and?so?on等?表推進(jìn)的過渡語(yǔ):what’s?more,?on?one?hand…?on?the?other?hand…,?in?addition?to,?as?well,?still,?also,?inother?words,?not?only…but?also…,?besides,?furthermore,?moreover等?表總結(jié)的過渡語(yǔ):in?short,?in?a?word,?in?general,?in?brief,?inall,?on?the?whole等8.8.經(jīng)典詞句Actions?speak?louder?than?words.??事實(shí)勝于雄辯?A?friend?in?need?is?a?friend?indeed.??患難朋友才是真朋友?A?good?beginning?is?half?done.??良好的開端是成功的一半?Where?there?is?a?will,there?is?a?way.??有志者事竟成?All?roads?lead?to?Rome.??條條大路通羅馬?Easier?said?than?done.??說起來容易,做起來難?Easy?e,easy?go.??來得快,去得快?Every?man?has?his?weak?side.??人人都有缺點(diǎn)?Failure?is?the?mother?of?success.??失敗是成功之母?Look?before?you?leap.??三思而后行?Nothing?in?the?world?is?difficult?if?you?set?your?mind?to?it.??世上無難事,只怕有心人?A?life?without?a?friend?is?a?life?without?a?sun.??人若無友,就如同生命中沒有太陽(yáng).?All?things?are?difficult?before?they?are?easy.??萬事開頭難?Always?prepare?for?a?rainy?day.??未雨綢繆As?you?sow,so?shall?you?reap.??種瓜得瓜種豆得豆?Don’t?put?off?till?tomorrow?what?should?be?done?today.有事莫推明天?Practice?makes?perfect.??熟能生巧?Bad?news?has?wings.??好事不出門,壞事傳千里?Honesty?is?the?best?policy.??做人以誠(chéng)信為本?You?have?to?believe?in?yourself.?That’s?the?secret?of?success.??你必須相信自己,這是成功的關(guān)鍵?Don’t?judge?a?man?by?his?looks.??不可以貌取人?首句重點(diǎn)讀首句很多情況是topicsentence（主題句），告訴你文章的背景和主旨。首句一般不設(shè)空，如果首句設(shè)空，請(qǐng)重點(diǎn)讀后面的例子，例子里面會(huì)提供線索?，F(xiàn)在很多考題都是用后面的例子印證首句?！纠縏hesedays,itis______forchildrenasyoungasSammytobesogoodatputers.ManyChildrenuseputersathomeoratschoolandsomeschoolsevenhavetheirownwebsites.

A.hard

B.unusual

C.mon

D.dangerous【解析】如果教師或者學(xué)生去分析這四個(gè)詞用法，那就和這道考題背道而馳了，首句設(shè)空，我們重點(diǎn)讀后面的那句話“很多孩子在家里，學(xué)校使用電腦，甚至一些學(xué)校有他們自己的網(wǎng)站”，說明對(duì)電腦的使用是持肯定意見的，選項(xiàng)Ｃ為正確答案，A、B、D都為否定意見，故不選。重點(diǎn)關(guān)注例子與例子之間的關(guān)系幾個(gè)例子聯(lián)合起來都是去證明本文中心的，但例子與例子有時(shí)候會(huì)有正反對(duì)比或者是平行關(guān)系?！纠縄fthetesttakeranswers_____,thenextitem（項(xiàng)）willbemoredifficult.

Ifheorsheanswersincorrectly,thenextquestionwillbeeasier.briefly

B.smartlyC.correctly

D.thoroughly【解析】“moredifficult”與后面“easier”形成對(duì)比，“incorrectly”對(duì)應(yīng)的顯然是”correctly”。選詞之場(chǎng)景原則【例】SammyLiu,asixyearoldboyfromKowloon,hasbeeaherorecently.Onedayheusedthefamily's_____tostoparobbery.radio

B.puter

C.recorder

D.telephone【解析】后文都在說關(guān)于電腦使用，這里選擇A、C、D顯然不合適，文章里根本就沒有提到收音機(jī)，錄音機(jī)和，雖然也能用來報(bào)警，但是一定要基于原文的場(chǎng)景。平行原則的運(yùn)用完形填空文章很多時(shí)候是圍繞一個(gè)話題展開，每個(gè)段落有的時(shí)候發(fā)展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句設(shè)空，除了關(guān)注到后面的例子，還不妨可以關(guān)注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。類似的如果某段末句設(shè)空不妨也可以關(guān)注一下下面一段的末句。例如有一篇文章是討論積極態(tài)度給生活、工作、健康帶來的好處，其中第二段末句這么寫：Withanactive_______,youcanovereallthedifficulties.需要我們填空。在第三段末句出現(xiàn)了withanactiveattitude,youcanbehealthy.如果學(xué)生在閱讀的時(shí)候關(guān)注到這句，使用了“平行原則”，自然就能填出attitude?！?023年上海中考真題】Beesmakehoney,andhoneyisoneofthemostamazingfoodsthatwecanfindinnature.Didyouknowthathoneynevergoes1?Theyhavefoundhoneythatis5,000yearsoldandthatyoucanstilleat.Honeycanhelpuswithalotofourhealthproblems.Abeecolonyisagroupofbeesthatlivetogether.Eachcolonyhasonemotherbee.Thisqueenbeecanliveforthreetofiveyears.Sheproducesupto2,000eggseveryday.Theotherbeesmakehoney2youngbeescaneatinthewinter.Howdotheydothis?Beesvisitlotsofflowersandtakethepollen(花粉)home.Butastheydothis,someofthepollenfallsoffthebeesontootherflowers.Theplantsusethispollentomakenewplants.Thirtypercentoftheworld'scropsneedbeestolive.Unfortunately,beescansting(刺)youiftheythinkyouaretryingto3them.Thebestthingtodoifthishappensistotakethestingeroutcarefullywithyourfingernailandwashtheareawithsoapandwater.Puticeonitforthepain.Somebeesdieaftertheysting.Poorbees!Therearemanygoodreasonstokeepbeesyourself.Onceyouhavedonethat,youwillneedwoodenboxestokeepthebeesin.Woodenboxesarevery4tothehomesthatbeesmakeforthemselvesintrees.Youwillalsoneedajacketandahatwithapiecethatcoversyourfacetokeepyousafewhileyouareworkingwiththebees.5,youwillneedawaytomakesomesmoke.Whenthereissmokeneartheirhome,beescan't“talk”toeachother.Theystarttoeattheirhoneyand6leavingtheirhome,sotheywillbetoobusytostingyou.Enjoyyourbees,anddon'tforgettoshareyourhoneywithyourneighbors!1.A.crazyB.badC.freshD.wrong2.A.sothatB.asifC.nowthatD.evenif3.A.protectB.avoidC.hurtD.attract5.A.similarB.friendlyC.unknownD.special5.A.BasicallyB.LuckilyC.FinallyD.Automatically6.A.knowaboutB.hearaboutC.dreamaboutD.thinkabout【答案】1.B2.A3.C4.A5.C6.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了蜜蜂的生活習(xí)性、被蜜蜂叮咬后的解決辦法、以及自己如何養(yǎng)蜂?！?題詳解】句意：你知道蜂蜜不會(huì)變質(zhì)嗎?crazy瘋狂的;bad壞的,變質(zhì)的;fresh新鮮的;wrong錯(cuò)誤的。根據(jù)文章下一句“Theyhavefoundhoneythatis5,000yearsoldandthatyoucanstilleat.”可知,蜂蜜不會(huì)變質(zhì)。故選B。【2題詳解】句意：其他的蜜蜂產(chǎn)蜂蜜，以便年輕的蜜蜂可以在冬天吃。sothat以便;asif好像;nowthat既然;evenif即使。前一句話說的是其它蜜蜂釀蜜,后一句話說的是小蜜蜂可以在冬天食用，所以前后應(yīng)該是因果關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：不幸的是，蜜蜂可以蜇你，如果他們認(rèn)為你試圖傷害他們。protect保護(hù);avoid避免;hurt傷害;attract吸引。由前半句中說到的蜜蜂會(huì)叮咬人,可以判斷此處需要填入的是表達(dá)蜜蜂受到攻擊或傷害的意思。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：木制的盒子和蜜蜂在樹上為自己建造的房子非常相似。similar相似的;friendly友好的;unknown未知的;special特殊的。由本句話的前后文可以推斷，該句要表達(dá)的是木箱子與蜜蜂在樹上筑造的蜂巢是非常相似的。故選A?！?題詳解】句意：最后，你需要一種制作煙霧的方法。Basically基本上;Luckily幸運(yùn)地;Finally最后;Automatically自動(dòng)地。根據(jù)上一段最后一句話中的also來判斷，本段是接著上一段給出更多關(guān)于養(yǎng)蜂的建議。故選C?！?題詳解】句意：他們開始吃蜂蜜和考慮離開他們的家。knowabout知道;hearabout聽說;dreamabout夢(mèng)到;thinkabout考慮;根據(jù)前文和下文“sotheywillbetoobusytostingyou.”可知,蜜蜂在受到煙熏攻擊后,會(huì)吃掉蜂蜜,然后考慮離開蜂巢。故選D?！?022年上海中考真題】StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn'tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese1.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopenminded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They2hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto3astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome4.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat5happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand6wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabl