Unit8(單元知識清單)SectionA(基礎(chǔ)知識點(diǎn)語法)2022-2023學(xué)年八年級下冊人教新目標(biāo)Goforit

Unit8單元知識清單SectionA一、基礎(chǔ)知識清單Wordsl.treasuren.珠寶；財(cái)富2.islandn.島3.classicn.經(jīng)典作品；名著classicaladj.經(jīng)典的4.pagen.(書刊或紙張的)頁，面，張5.hurryv.匆忙；趕快6.dueadj.預(yù)期；預(yù)定7.shipn.船8.tooln.工具9.gunn.槍10.markn.跡象；記號；分?jǐn)?shù)v.做記號；打分markedadj.明顯的11.sandn.沙灘；沙12.cannibaln.食人肉者13.towardsprep.朝；向；對著14.landn.陸地；大地15.fictionn.小說16.technologyn.科技17.Frenchn.法語Francen.法國Phrasesgoouttosea出海befullof=befilledwith充滿finishdoingsth完成做某事putdown放下hurryup趕快onpage25在25頁bookreport讀書報(bào)告bedue到期arriveontheisland到達(dá)島上havenothing一無所有bringback帶回loseone’slife失去生命giveup放棄waitfor等待cutdown砍倒themarkof...的印記notlongafterthat在那之后不久one...theother一個...另一個leavebehind留下can’twaittodo迫不及待地做某事runtowards朝...跑去onthesand在沙灘上growup長大intwoweeks兩周之后SentencesHaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?What’sitlike?OliverTwistisaboutaboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanislandfulloftreasures.TomSawyerisaboutaboywholivesintheUnitedStates.HaveyoudecidedyetwhichbooktowriteaboutforEnglishclass?Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.It’saboutfoursistersgrowingup.Icouldn’tputitdown.Haveyouatleastreadthebackofthebooktoseewhatit’sabout?Youshouldhurryup.I’vebroughtbackmanythingsIcanuse.Ihavealreadycutdowntrees.Whoelseisonmyisland?Ifoundthemarksofanotherman’sfeetonthesand.Isawsomecannibalstryingtokilltwomenfromabrokenship.Howlonghavetheybeenhere?Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherruntowardsmyhouse.InamedhimFriday.Shecan’twaittoreadthem!Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時的用法二、知識點(diǎn)清單1.HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?(1)yet疑問句中表“已經(jīng)”，用在否定句中表“還”，常放在句末。(2)already意為“已經(jīng)”，用于肯定句，可放在助動詞之后，過去分詞之前，也可以放在句末。2.What’sitlike?(1)What’ssb/sthlike?...怎么樣？eg：—What’sthebooklike?—It’sfantastic.(2)Whatdoes/dosb/sthlike?...喜歡什么？eg：—Whatfruitdoyoulike?—Ilikebananas.3.OliverTwistisaboutaboywhogoesouttoseaandfindsanislandfulloftreasures.(1)whogoesouttoseaandfindsanislandfulloftreasures.定語從句修飾先行詞aboy,關(guān)系代詞是who。(2)anislandfulloftreasures.fullof修飾anislandbefullof=befilledwith充滿、填滿fill...with用...填滿4.HaveyoudecidedyetwhichbooktowriteaboutforEnglishclass?(1)decidetodosth決定去做某事decisionn.決定makeadecisiontodosth(2)whichbooktowriteabout特殊疑問詞+不定式todosth做賓語eg:Idon’tknowwhattodonext.Idon’tknowhowtodoit.Idon’tknowwheretogo.Idon’tknowwhentoleave.5.Thebookreportisdueintwoweeks.(1)dueadj.到期的beduetodosth預(yù)期做某事dueto=becauseof由于(2)時間狀語in+一段時間在...之后（多用于一般將來時）用howsoon提問for+一段時間持續(xù)一段時間用howlong提問6.I’vebroughtbackmanythingsIcanuse.(1)bring(brought,brought)v.帶來從（某地）帶到（講話者處）bringsb.sth=bringsthtosb.給某人帶某物bringback帶回eg:Don’tforgettobringsomethingbackforkids.(2)Icanuse為定語從句，修飾先行詞things,省略了關(guān)系代詞which/that.7.Icouldn’tputitdown.Ihavealreadycutdowntrees.(1)putdown放下動詞+副詞短語，代詞放中間、名詞放兩邊(2)cutdown砍倒動詞+副詞短語，代詞放中間、名詞放兩邊eg:Iwanttoputthesebooksdown.=putdownthesebooksShelikedthebooksomuchthatshecouldn’tputitdown.Peoplecutdownmanytrees.=cutmanytreesdownThesetreesareuseful.Pleasdon’tcutthemdown.8.Whoelseisonmyisland?else其他的、其余的(1)常用于疑問代詞和不定代詞后，起形容詞作用Whatelse?還有呢？someoneelse其他人(2)副詞（常用在疑問副詞之后）另外，其他（時間、地方、方式）Whenelsewillyoueagain?你們什么時候還會來呢？WhereelsemightIfindthisbook?別的什么地方我能找到這本書呢？9.Ifoundthemarksofanotherman’sfeetonthesand.markn.記號（可數(shù)）Hiswetfeetleftmarksonthefloor.(2)n.分?jǐn)?shù)（可數(shù)）Hegot80marksinEnglish.(3)v.做記號、打分Hemarkedtheimportantsentences.sandn.沙灘，沙指細(xì)小的沙粒，用作不可數(shù)名詞onthesand=onthebeach在沙灘上eg:Therearesomechildrenplayingwithsandonthesand.10.Isawsomecannibalstryingtokilltwomen...(1)seesbdoingsth看見某人正在做某事seesbdosth看見某人做了某事(全過程）eg:IsawmanyboysplayingbasketballovertherewhenIpassedbytheplayground.Shesawmanyboysplaybasketballyesterday.(2)trytodosth盡力去做某事trydoingsth嘗試著做某事eg:TheytrytolearnEnglishwellalthoughit’sdifficult.ItrylearningsomeFrenchbecauseIfounditinteresting.11.Howlonghavetheybeenhere?have/hasbeento去過某地已經(jīng)回來了have/hasgoneto去了某地還未回來have/hasbeenin在某地呆了多久eg:Wehavebeentothismuseumthreetimes.Mymotherisnothere,andshehasgonetoBeijing.IhavebeeninShanghaifor4years.12.Oneofthemdiedbuttheotherruntowardsmyhouse.one...theother一個...另一個辨析theother(s)，other(s)，anotherother泛指其他的，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞。others泛指其他的人或物。theother指“兩者中的另一個”。通常用于one...theothertheothers特指特定范圍內(nèi)其余的所有人或物。通常用于some...theothersanother指“三者或以上中的另一個”。13.InamedhimF(1)n.名字(2)v.給...取名namesb.sth.給某人取名namesb./sth.aftersb.以...命名(3)named為過去分詞，做后置定語，意為“被命名為”，相當(dāng)于called。14.Shecan’twaittoreadthem!(1)can’twaittodosth迫不及待地去做某事(2)can’thelpdoingsth情不自禁地做某事(3)can’tstanddoingsth不能容忍做某事eg:Ican’twaittowatchTV.Thenewcouplecouldn’thelplaughing.Shecan’tstandwaitingforalongtime.三、語法清單現(xiàn)在完成時含義：1.過去的動作/狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。2.在過去某個時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或者狀態(tài)，有可能還會繼續(xù)下去。Ihavealreadyreadthisbookformanytimes.Shehaslivedherefor10years.構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞標(biāo)志詞：already(已經(jīng)):用于肯定句Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.yet(已經(jīng)):用于否定句,疑問句Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.just(剛剛)Theyhavejustleft.ever(曾經(jīng))HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?afewtimes(從不)Ihaveseenthemovieafewtimes.before(以前)Haveyouseenthefilmbefore?for+時間段，IhavelearnedEnglishfor5years.since+時間點(diǎn)\從句Shehaslivedheresinceshewastwo.過去分詞的構(gòu)成1.過去分詞的規(guī)則變化：與動詞過去式相同(1)一般情況下直接+edfinishfinished(2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的直接+dlivelived(3)以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，把y變i再+edstudystudied(4)以重讀閉音節(jié)“輔元輔”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)尾的,雙寫尾