2024高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)詞匯語篇模式主題語境二人與社會Topic33飲食教學(xué)案含作業(yè)

PAGETopic33飲食食物與飲品(FoodandDrinks)fruit,vegetable,snack,biscuit,sweet,chocolate,ice-cream,jam,bread，sandwich,cookie,candy,cheese,desert,beef,chicken,seafood,fastfood,organicfood,drink,alcohol,beer,wine,coffee,juice,soup,________[reInd?]48餐具與廚具(TablewareandKitchenware)bowl,plate,dish,container,chopsticks,spoon,knife,fork,teapot,cooker,stove美食與感受(FoodandFeelings)remark,addicted,comfortable,sweet,tasty，favourite,chew,________['sw?l??]5,delicious，fresh,sour,hungry,beparticularabout,becrazyabout,consume,digest,thirst,bitter,starve,appetite,salty,stomachache,________['benIfIt]125烹調(diào)(Cooking)cook,fry,heat,mix,steam,oil,boil,roast,bake,vinegar,salt,sugar外出就餐(DiningOut)waiter,comfortable,manager,restaurant,dininghall,buffet,bakery,cafeteria,cheers,payfor,dinner,menu,________[s??v]6,________['??d?(r)]154,treat,________[s?'plaI]55,provide,offer,reservation其他(Others)________[k?n'teIn]57,benefit,various,balanceddiet,________[rI'k?v?(r)]32,beonadiet,calorie,healthy,cater,nutrition,________['stre?θn]25,refresh,stewed,energetic,appropriate,________[?d'vɑ?ntId?]64,acquirerange;swallow;benefit;serve;order;supply;contain;recover;strengthen;advantagerange①(2024·江蘇高考)Butthosewhotrulyunderstandtheeconomicimpactandcanworktochangethepatternscancreateawiderangeofcareerpossibilities.②Thisyeartheyhaveintroducedthreenewproductstoextendtheirrange.③(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Whiletheyarerarenorthof88,thereisevidencethattheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.(1)單句語法填空①Ihadaccessto________widerangeofdocumentswhichrefertothestory.②Wejustwanttoget________rangetouseourbinoculars.③Pricesrange________$119to$199,dependingontheparticularequipment.答案：①a②within③from(2)單句寫作①有60名學(xué)生，年齡在10至15歲之間。Therewere60studentswhoseages________________10________15.②這些鞋的價格從25美元至100美元不等。Theseshoes________________pricefrom$25to$100.③溫度在攝氏三十度與四十度之間。Thetemperature____________30________40degreescentigrade.答案：①rangedfrom;to②rangein③rangesbetween;and(1)n.一系列avarietyofthingsofaparticulartype(2)n.(變動或浮動的)范圍，界限，區(qū)間thelimitsbetweenwhichsth.varies(3)v.徘徊；閑逛；四處移動tomovearoundanareaaddict①ParentsmustrepresenttotheirchildrentheriskofgettingaddictedtotheInternet.②What'smore,someInternetaddictsaremisledbytheevilthoughtsinsomeInternetgamesandbecomeviolentandtendtobehaveabnormally.(1)依據(jù)句意寫出加黑詞的最佳釋義①Sincethenthenumberofpeoplewhoaddictedthemselvestosmokinghasreducedby20%.________②I'm19yearsoldandIusedtobeavideogameaddict.________答案：①使上癮②對……入迷的人(2)單句語法填空①Lastyear,he________(addict)tocomputergames.②________(addict)toplayingtheviolin,hedidn'tfindathiefwalkintohishouse.③Hewasso________(addict)tocomputersthathisparentswereworriedabouthimmuch.④Hewasaddictedto________(drink)becauseofworkpressure.⑤Internet________(addict)amongminorshaslongbeenrecognizedasasocialprobleminChina.⑥Hersonaddicted________(him)tosmoking,whichhadabadeffectonhishealth.答案：①wasaddicted②Addicted③addicted④drinking⑤addiction⑥himself(1)vt.使上癮tocause(someoneoroneself)tobecomedependent(onsomething,especiallyanarcoticdrug)(2)n.對……入迷的人；癮君子apersonwhoisveryinterestedinsth.andspendsalotoftheirfreetimeonitaddictedadj.入了迷的；上了癮的be/becomeaddictedto(doing)sth.沉溺于(做)某事；用心(做)某事addictoneself_to_(doing)sth.沉溺于(做)某事addictionn.入迷；癮；嗜好theadditionto...對……入迷serve①(2024·江蘇高考)Freedhandscanservesomeotherpurposeandperformcomplextasks.②(2024·江蘇高考)Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepastawhentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.③Sheledmeintothefrontroom,whichservedasheroffice.(1)用serve的適當(dāng)形式填空①Therewasnooneintherestaurantto________her.②Therichmanhastwo________：acookandacleaner.③Isthereanyrailway________fromheretoLondon?④We________themeatfirst.AndthenIwillbringthevegetables.答案：①serve②servants③service④serve(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Inoneofthewarmflats,thehostserveduswithtea,creamandcheese.→Inoneofthewarmflats,thehostserved____________________.答案：tea,creamandcheesetous(3)單句寫作①在某種意義上來說，那些錯誤會對你起警告作用。Inaway,mistakeswill________________warningtoyou.②雷鋒為我們樹立了一心一意為人民服務(wù)的榜樣。LeiFengsetanexampletousin____________________heartandsoul.③假如你須要幫忙，我隨時聽你叮囑。Ifyouneedanyhelp,Iam____________________.答案：①serveas②servingthepeople③atyourservice(1)v.對……有用；能滿意……的須要tobeusefultosb.inachievingorsatisfyingsth.(2)v.(給某人)供應(yīng)；端上togivepeoplefoodanddrink,forexampleatarestaurantorduringameal(3)v.可用作，可當(dāng)……使(尤指別無選擇時)tobesuitableforaparticularuse,especiallywhennothingelseisavailableserveas充當(dāng)；擔(dān)當(dāng)servesb.withsth./servesth.tosb.給某人端上……servethepeople/thecountry為人民/國家服務(wù)servicen.服務(wù)atyourservice愿為你效勞servantn.仆人；用人；(公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的)雇員order①(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Let'snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.②(2024·浙江高考)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders.③Thestorehassoldallitscopiesofthebook,butithassomemoreonorder.④(2024·江蘇高考)ThewaiterreturnedwiththeirorderandMrSmithsignedthebill.⑤Heorderedthatthearmyattackrightaway.⑥(2024·江蘇高考)Withinfiveminutes,weorderedtheoneweweresatisfiedwith.⑦M(jìn)rGreenorderedashrimpcocktailandasalad.(1)依據(jù)句意寫出加黑詞的最佳釋義①Hisorderthatweshouldstarttheworkatoncewasgiven.________②Ifyoudon'tlikethedrinkyouordered,justleaveitandtryadifferentone.________③Doyouwishtoplaceanorderforsomebookswithmenow？________④Youshouldputthebookonthedeskinorder.________答案：①吩咐②點(酒菜等)③訂貨；訂購；訂單④依次；次序(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換Thedoctororderedthatshe(should)takeagoodrest.→Thedoctororderedher____________________.答案：totakeagoodrest(3)單句寫作①機(jī)器壞了。Themachineis____________________.②她把房間整理得井井有條。Sheputtheroom____________________.③老師吩咐他盡早起先。Theteacher____________________assoonaspossible.④他吩咐大家都參與這個工作。Heorderedthatall____________________thework.答案：①outoforder②inorder③orderedhimtostart④(should)takepartin(1)n.依次；次序thewayinwhichpeopleorthingsareplacedorarrangedinrelationtoeachother(2)n.指示；吩咐sth.thatsb.istoldtodobysb.inauthority(3)n.訂貨；訂購；訂單arequesttomakeorsupplygoods(4)n.點菜；所點的飲食菜肴arequestforfoodordrinksinarestaurant,baretc.;thefoodordrinksthatyouaskfor(5)v.吩咐；指揮；要求touseyourpositionofauthoritytotellsb.todosth.orsaythatsth.musthappen(6)v.訂購；訂貨；要求供應(yīng)服務(wù)toaskforgoodstobemadeorsupplied;toaskforaservicetobeprovided(7)v.點(酒菜等)toaskforsth.toeatordrinkinarestaurant,bar,etc.inorder井然有序；按依次out_oforder紊亂的；出故障的placeanorderforsth.with(sb.)和(某人)訂購某物ordersb.to_dosth.吩咐某人做某事orderthat...(should)＋動詞原形吩咐……ordersb.sth.＝ordersth.forsb.為某人訂購……order作動詞用時，后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，從句的謂語要用(should)＋do。作名詞用，表示“吩咐”時，相關(guān)的從句也要用虛擬語氣。如：Hisorderisthatwe(should)notleaveuntilhereturns.他的吩咐是他回來我們才能走。supply①Cigarettesareinshortsupply,likeeverythingelsehere.②(2024·浙江高考)Earliersnowmeltreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.③(2024·江蘇高考)Thesecondprincipleistoloosenthecontrolthatprovidersofon-lineserviceshaveoverdataandgivemoretothosewhosupplythem.(1)選詞填空：supply/offer/provide①They've________us￡150,000forthehouse.Shallwetakeit?②Theschool________foodforthestudentsinthepast.③Thegovernmenthas________housestothehomeless.答案：①offered②provided③supplied/offered(2)單句寫作①Wemuststoresomewater____________________(以防水供應(yīng)跟不上)．②Thehotelstaffwill____________________(提前向你們供應(yīng)一切必需品)．③Thegovernmentmust____________________________(給沒有地方居住的人們供應(yīng)一套公寓房)．答案：①incasethewatersupplyfails②supplyallyourneedsinadvance③supplyanapartmenttothosewhohavenoroomtolivein(1)n.供應(yīng)量；供應(yīng)量；儲備anamountofsth.thatisprovidedoravailabletobeused(2)n.供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)；補給theactofsupplyingsth.(3)v.(尤指大量)供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)，供應(yīng)toprovidesb./sth.withsth.thattheyneedorwant,especiallyinlargequantitiesadvantage①(2024·江蘇高考)Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.②Asmallcarhastheaddedadvantageofbeingcheapertorun.(1)單句語法填空①Hehasanadvantage________meinchemistry,butIgainanadvantageoverhiminphysics.②Iwas________adisadvantagebecauseIcouldn'tspeakFrench.③Tomtookadvantage________hisvisittoParistoimprovehisFrench.答案：①over②at③of(2)單句寫作①不會運用計算機(jī)的人處于不利的地位。Anyonewhocan'tuseacomputeris____________________.②在行動之前你應(yīng)當(dāng)權(quán)衡利弊。Youshould____________________________beforeyouact.③他總是充分利用他的對手所犯的錯誤。Healways________________________themistakesmadebyhisrivals.④若她想當(dāng)舞蹈家她的身高將特別不利。Herheightwillbeverymuch________________________ifshewantstobeadancer.答案：①atadisadvantage②weightheadvantagesanddisadvantages③takesfulladvantageof④toherdisadvantage(1)n.有利條件；有利因素；優(yōu)勢athingthathelpsyoutobebetterormoresuccessfulthanotherpeople(2)n.優(yōu)點aqualityofsth.thatmakesitbetterormoreusefulⅠ.閱讀(2024·江蘇高考)Inthe1760s,MathurinRozeopenedaseriesofshopsthatboasted(享有)aspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.Althoughthemainattractionwasthesoup,Roze'schainshopsalsosetanewstandardfordiningout,whichhelpedtoestablishRozeastheinventorofthemodernrestaurant.Today,scholarshavegeneratedlargeamountsofinstructiveresearchaboutrestaurants.Takevisualhintsthatinfluencewhatweeat:dinersservedthemselvesabout20percentmorepasta(意大利面食)whentheirplatesmatchedtheirfood.Whenadark-coloredcakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone,customersrecognizeditassweeterandmoretasty.Lightingmatters,too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersateindarkness,theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse,butwerenone_the_wiser—theydidn'tfeelfuller,andtheywerejustasreadyfordessert.Timeismoney,butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.Unlikefast-foodplaces,finediningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend.Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,ratherthanpop,musicwasplaying,dinersspentmore.Fastmusichurrieddinersout.Particularscentsalsohaveaneffect:dinerswhogotthescentoflavender(薰衣草)stayedlongerandspentmorethanthosewhosmelledlemon,ornoscent.Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables,crowding,highprices—don'tne－cessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor,say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds,aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation,suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了影響餐廳收益和食客體驗的因素，如餐廳的顏色、燈光、音樂、氣味等。此外還分析了對刺激食客消費的一些因素的誤會。外出就餐時，盡量選擇環(huán)境整齊、信譽度高、量化分級較高的餐廳，而且要適量點餐，杜絕奢侈(putanendtowaste)。1．Theunderlinedphrase“nonethewiser”inParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthatthecustomerswere________.A．notawareofeatingmorethanusualB．notwillingtosharefoodwithothersC．notconsciousofthefoodqualityD．notfondofthefoodprovided答案：A詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線短語所在句中的“theycouldn'ttellhowmuchthey'dhad:thosegivenextra-largesharesatemorethaneveryoneelse”“theydidn'tfeelfuller”可知，摸黑吃飯的顧客不知道吃的飯的詳細(xì)重量：那些被賜予超大份的人比其他人吃得多，但是他們沒有意識到自己比平常吃得多，他們并沒有覺得更飽。由此可知，“nonethewiser”應(yīng)指的是顧客沒有意識到自己比平常吃得多。故選A。2．Howcouldafinediningshopmakemoreprofit?A．Playingclassicalmusic.B．Introducinglemonscent.C．Makingthelightbrighter.D．Usingplatesoflargersize.答案：A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的第三、四句“Onewaytoencouragecustomerstostayandorderthatextraround:putonsomeMozart(莫扎特).Whenclassical,rather...dinersspentmore.”可知，餐廳演奏古典音樂能刺激顧客增加消費，因此推知，演奏古典音樂能讓餐廳獲得更多利潤。故選A。3．Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.答案：D段落大意題。依據(jù)最終一段主旨句，即第一句“Meanwhile,thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables,crowding,highprices—don'tnecessarily.”可知，你認(rèn)為可能會阻礙消費的事情——“壞”的桌子、擁擠、高價——不肯定會阻礙消費。由此可知，最終一段主要介紹了人們對餐廳的一些常見的誤會。故選D。①standardn.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)②generatev.產(chǎn)生，引起③principlen.準(zhǔn)則，規(guī)范④profitableadj.有利潤的，盈利的(第五段第三句)Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable.可以得出結(jié)論，餐館老板不必過分關(guān)注“壞”的桌子，因為它們是有利可圖的。(2024·“皖豫聯(lián)盟體”中學(xué)畢業(yè)班第一次考試)Doyouknowthatjunkfoodisn'thealthy?Ofcourseyoudo!Doyoueatitanyway?Ofcourseyoudo!Butanewstudyshowsteachingadolescentsaboutthewaysfoodcompaniesfoolthemintothinkingjunkfoodiscoolcanencouragekidstofightback—byeatinghealthier.Thepullofjunkfoodcanbesuper-strong.It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.Yetwekeepeatingjunkfood.ProfessorChristopherBryansays,“Foodcompanieswantyoutowantjunkfood.”Theyspendmillionsofdollarscomingupwithnewwaystopromotejunkfoodconsumption.Theyhirescientiststomakenewjunkfoodalmostirresistible.Theymightdothis,forexample,byaddingmoresugar.Ratsfedjunkfoodforsixweekswillevenwalkacrossafloorthatgivesthemelectricshocksjusttogetmoreofsuchfood.Foodadsoftenmakeunhealthyjunkfoodseemhealthybyfeaturingprofessionalathletes,fit-lookingpopstarsandsmiling,activeteens.“Wethoughtwhenthestudentslearnedthis,itwouldmattertothem，”Bryansays.Heworkedwith8thgradersataTexasschool.HalfofthemgotalessonBryancreated.Itfocusedonthewaysjunkfoodisadvertised,ormarketed.Asecondgroupreceivedlessonsthatfocusedonhealth.Theselessonsinformedstudentsjunkfoodisbad,andthatfoodslikeapplesorcarrotsareabetterchoice.Thestudentslearnedabaddietcanleadtomajorweightgain，andthatbeingoverweightputspeopleatriskforseriousdiseases.Theyalsolearnedhoweatingwellnowcankeepyouhealthywhenyou'reolder.Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。探討表明：讓青少年了解食品公司的推銷方式比單純告知他們垃圾食品的危害更能讓他們選擇健康的飲食。垃圾食品都很美味，但是對我們的健康卻有著很大的危害。所以盡管食品公司把它們設(shè)計得讓人無法抗拒，我們也要抵制誘惑(resisttemptation)，少吃垃圾食品，選擇健康飲食(chooseahealthydiet)!4．WhydoestheauthormentionthequestionsinParagraph1?A．Toexpresshisdoubtsaboutjunkfood.B．Topromotetheideaofhealthyeating.C．Todescribethesituationofjunkfood.D．Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.答案：D推理推斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可以推斷，第一段中提及那兩個問題是為了引出本文要探討的話題。5．Whatremainsagreathealthchallengetodoctors?A．Makingpeopledomoreexercise.B．Makingpeopleeathealthily.C．Makingpeopleloseweight.D．Makingpeoplepreferjunkfood.答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.Everyonefromdoctorstothegovernmenthasbeentryingtohandleit.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，這使吃得好成為一個巨大的健康挑戰(zhàn)，從醫(yī)生到政府每一個人都始終在努力應(yīng)對這一挑戰(zhàn)。由此可知，對醫(yī)生而言，讓人們吃得健康依舊是一個巨大的健康挑戰(zhàn)。6．WhatmessagedoesParagraph3mainlytrytoconvey?A．Whatmakesjunkfoodalmostimpossibletoresist.B．Whatinfluencesjunkfoodcanhaveonconsumers.C．Howfoodcompaniestrytogetpeopletoreachforjunkfood.D．Whyfoodcompaniespromotetheconsumptionofjunkfood.答案：C推理推斷題。第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消費者吃垃圾食品”，緊接著說到“他們(食品公司)花巨資想方法推廣垃圾食品，聘請科學(xué)家制作令人無法抗拒的垃圾食品”，接著還舉例說“他們可能會往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以推斷，作者在本段主要是想告知讀者，食品公司是如何想方設(shè)法讓人們?nèi)コ岳称返摹?．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBryan'slessons?A．Shocking. B．Popular.C．Effective. D．Abstract.答案：C推理推斷題。第四段主要介紹Bryan給德克薩斯州的一所學(xué)校的八年級學(xué)生們上的課。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Afterthelessons,thekidsinbothgroupswereaskedhowtheyfeltaboutjunkfood.Mostdidn'thavepositivefeelingsabouttheseunhealthyfoods.”可知，課后當(dāng)這些孩子被問及他們對垃圾食品的看法時，大多數(shù)人對這些不健康的食品都持消極的看法。由此可以推斷，Bryan的課是有效的。①irresistibleadj.不行遏止的；無法抵制的；極迷人的②electricadj.電的；用電的；電動的；發(fā)電的③overweightadj.太胖的；超重的④atrisk處于危急中(其次段其次句)It'sdesignedtobetasty,whichmakeseatingwelloneofthegreathealthchallengesofourtime.譯文：它被設(shè)計得美味可口，這使得健康飲食成為我們這個時代最大的健康挑戰(zhàn)之一。分析：本句為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的整個句子。Planningwhentoeatmealsandsnacksandnotskippingbreakfast,arepatternsassociatedwithhealthierdiets,whichcouldreducecardiovascular(心血管的)diseaserisk,accordingtoanewscientificstatementpublishedintheAmericanHeartAssociationjournalCirculation.Thestatementprovidesinformationofthecurrentscientificevidencesuggestingwhenandhowoftenpeopleeatmayaffectriskfactorsforheartattack,orotherdiseases.“Mealtimingmayaffecthealthduetoitseffectonthebody'sinternal(內(nèi)部的)clock.Inanimalstudies,itappearsthatwhenanimalsreceivefoodwhileinaninactivestate,suchaswhentheyaresleeping,theirinternalclocksareresetinawaythatcanchangenutrientmetabolism(新陳代謝),resultingingreaterweightgain,andotherdiseases.However,moreresearchwouldneedtobedoneinhumansbeforethatcanbestatedasafact，”saidMarie-PierreSt-Onge,Ph.D.,writinggroupchairandanassociateprofessorofnutritionalmedicineatColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.Thestatementstressesthatitisstillimportanttoeatahealthydiet,emphasizingfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,low-fatdairyproducts,andfish,whilelimitingredmeat,saltandfoodshighinaddedsugars,butwhenandhowoftenapersoneatsmayalsoaffectcardiovascularwellnessaccordingtoagrowingbodyofresearch.Thereisalinkbetweeneatingbreakfastandhavinglowerheartdiseaseriskfactors.Studieshavefoundpeoplewhoeatbreakfastdailyarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressure,andpeoplewhoskipbreakfast—about20percentto30percentofUSadults—aremorelikelytobeoverweight,haveimpropernutrition,orbediagnosedwithdiabetes.Givenpeople'sbusylives,settingtimeasidetoeatwithoutfocusingonsomethingelseisimportant.“Allactivitieshaveaplaceinabusyschedule,includinghealthyeatingandbeingphysicallyactive，”St-Ongesaid.“Thoseactivitiesshouldbeplannedaheadoftimeandpropertimeshouldbedevotedtothem.”篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇新聞報道。探討表明，健康的飲食習(xí)慣能削減心血管疾病的發(fā)病率。人如其食(Wearewhatweeat)。當(dāng)下，各類疾病患者都呈低齡化的趨勢。作為中學(xué)生，肯定要養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣尤其是飲食習(xí)慣。健康的身體是學(xué)習(xí)的基本保障。8．Howcanwetrytoavoidcardiovasculardiseaseriskbyeating?A．Avoidingeatingtoomanysnacks.B．Mealtimingandhavingbreakfast.C．Planningaheadoftimetoeatless.D．Notskippingbreakfastmoreoften.答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段內(nèi)容可知，按時吃飯、不要錯過早餐屬于健康的飲食習(xí)慣，能夠降低心血管疾病風(fēng)險。9．Whichofthegroupisregardedasahealthydietaccordingtothetext?A．Wholegrains,andlow-fatdairyproducts.B．Fruits,vegetables,andmoreredmeat.C．Foodshighinaddedsugarsandsalt.D．Meat,fish,vegetablesandmoresalt.答案：A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“emphasizingfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,low-fatdairyproducts,andfish,whilelimitingredmeat,saltandfoodshighinaddedsugars”可知，健康飲食是指多吃水果、蔬菜、谷類、低脂奶制品和魚，同時削減紅肉、鹽和含糖量高的食物。10．Whatshouldwedoifwewanttoreducetheriskofhighbloodpressure?A．Skipbreakfastoften.B．Eatbreakfastdaily.C．Havepropernutrition.D．Lowerheartdiseaserisk.答案：B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第五段中的“Studieshavefoundpeoplewhoeatbreakfastdailyarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressure”可知，探討表明常常吃早餐的人，患上高血壓的可能性更低。11．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toplanoureatingtime.B．Tomakescientificstudies.C．Toaskustohavebreakfast.D．Tosuggesthealthierdiets.答案：D推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，作者是在提倡健康的飲食習(xí)慣。①evidencen.證據(jù)；依據(jù)②nutrientn.養(yǎng)分物；養(yǎng)分素③bediagnosedwith被診斷出(第三段其次句)Inanimalstudies,itappearsthatwhenanimalsreceivefoodwhileinaninactivestate,suchaswhentheyaresleeping,theirinternalclocksareresetinawaythatcanchangenutrientmetabolism(新陳代謝),resultingingreaterweightgain,andotherdiseases.譯文：在對動物的探討中，發(fā)覺當(dāng)動物在不活躍的狀態(tài)下攝入食物時，比如當(dāng)他們睡眠時，它們的內(nèi)在生物鐘被重新設(shè)置，變更了養(yǎng)分物質(zhì)代謝，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)峻發(fā)胖或者其他疾病。分析：本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。第一個that引導(dǎo)表語從句。在該表語從句中，when又引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；way后面的that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞way。(2024·安徽省黃山市屯溪一中高三月考)Beforeyoustartfeelingregretfulabouteatingtoomuch,consideranewstudyfromtheCenterforNutritionResearchatIllinoisInstituteofTechnologythatsuggeststhefatinavocado(鱷梨)canhelpyoupreventhungerandstaymoresatisfiedlonger.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalNutrientsonMay8,2024.Itconcludesthatoverweightpeoplewhoaddedavocadototheirmealsasasubstituteforcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)likecolawereabletostave_offhungerlongerandincreasemealenjoyment.Onthreedifferentdays,researchersfed31overweightadultsoneofthreemealswiththesamecalories:ahigh-fatmealwithoneavocado,ahigh-fatmealwithhalfanavocado,oralow-fatmeal.Forsixhoursafterward,thevolunteersreportedhowhungrytheyfelt.Everyonereportedfeelingfullerlongerafterthemealfeaturingawholeavocado;eventhemealwithhalfanavocadohelpedsatisfythevolunteerslongerthanthelow-fatmeal.Furthertestsrevealedthattheavocadomealshelpedimproveanintestinal(腸的)hormonecalledPYY—whenitdrops,youfeelhungry.“Foryears,fatshavebeentargetedasthemaincauseofobesity,andnowcarbohydrateshavecomeunderscrutiny(監(jiān)視)fortheirroleinappetiteregulationandweightcontrol，”saidBrittBurton—Freeman,PhD,directoroftheCenterforNutritionResearchatIllinoisTech.“Thereisno‘onesizefitsall’solutionwhenitcomestobestmealcompositionformanagingappetite.However,understandingtherelationshipbetweenfoodchemistryanditsphysiological(生理的)effectsindifferentpopulationscanrevealopportunitiesforaddressingappetitecontrolandreducingratesofobesity,puttingusastepclosertopersonalizeddietaryrecommendations.”Althoughnutritionalexpertshavelongblamedfatforweightgain,moreandmorestudieslikethisoneindicatethateatingaproperamountofhealthyfatcanhelppreventhungerandassistwithweightcontrol.Thisstudyprovesthatsmall,enjoyablechangesinyourdietlikeswappingapieceofbreadforayummyhalf-avocadocanleadyoutoachieveyourweight-lossgoals.篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明白減肥的確很困難，但是假如在我們的食物中添加美味的鱷梨，既起到減肥的作用，又不會讓你很快就感覺饑餓。肥胖可能導(dǎo)致許多健康問題(causemanyhealthproblems)，因此保持健康體重是特別重要的。同時，我們也應(yīng)當(dāng)對減肥有正確的相識(haveacorrectunderstandingoflosingweight)，不應(yīng)當(dāng)為了“以瘦為美”而盲目減肥！12．What'sthepossibleme